Scientific Reports最新文献

{"title":"The giant increase of stiffness of inhomogeneous rods and beams.","authors":"A A Kolpakov, A G Kolpakov","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-69396-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-69396-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrate that stiffnesses of an inhomogeneous beam of coaxial structure coincide with the ones predicted by classical Bernoulli-Euler and Saint-Venant theories if and only if the indicated below conditions on the local Poisson's ratio are satisfied. If the conditions are not satisfied, the stiffnesses of the inhomogeneous beam exceed the stiffnesses predicted by classical theories. The difference in Poisson's ratios of the components of the rod/beam can result in a giant increase in stiffness when using materials possessing a negative Poisson's ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"18967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of childhood trauma on short video addiction: psychological and morphological correlates.","authors":"Qiong Yao, Yuanyuan Gao, Chang Liu, Xiang Li, Weipeng Jin, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-04020-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04020-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the relationship between childhood trauma and short-video addiction (SVA) symptoms, alongside exploring the potential morphological substrate underlying this association. Among three independent datasets (Dataset 1: n = 980; Dataset 2: n = 1260; Dataset 3: n = 190), we found consistent positive correlations between childhood trauma and SVA symptoms, particularly in emotion abuse and physical neglect sub-dimensions. Additionally, we identified differential patterns in high- and low-risk addiction groups, with emotional neglect playing a critical role in the development of addiction, especially among low-risk individuals. Structural MRI data were collected in dataset 3, univariate analysis revealed that gray matter volumes (GMV) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), orbitofrontal cortex, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, frontal pole, and superior temporal gyrus were positively correlated with SVA symptoms. Within this dataset, mediation analysis showed that GMV in the dlPFC mediated the effect of physical neglect on SVA symptoms, suggesting that childhood trauma, particularly physical neglect, influences SVA symptoms through GMV strength in prefrontal cortex. These findings emphasize the critical role of childhood trauma in the development of short video addiction and underscore the need for targeted interventions addressing both psychological and neural aspects of addiction.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"18999"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of GULP1 in cancer prognosis and immunotherapy, validated from pan-cancer analysis to pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Wangbiao Wang, Yuxiang Li, Shiang Li, Feng Lin, Jun Guo, Fuzhong Liu, Gulinaizaier Abudusaimaiti, Junyuan Liu, Gang Sun","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-99909-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99909-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>GULP PTB domain containing engulfment adaptor 1 (GULP1) protein is involved in regulating biological processes such as endocytosis and apoptosis. The function of GULP1 in cancer, however, has been the subject of fewer studies; its importance as a potential prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer is still uncertain. Thus, the purpose of this work was to investigate GULP1's immunologic and oncogenic activities in a range of malignancies, as well as any potential relevance to pancreatic cancer. Using multiple bioinformatic databases, GULP1 expression, prognostic significance, mutation status, methylation and phosphorylation levels, biological functions, immune cell infiltration and immunotherapeutic responses and drug sensitivity were comprehensively assessed in pan-cancer and functionally validated in pancreatic cancer. The results revealed that GULP1 was differentially expressed in most tumours and correlated with poor prognostic indicators in most tumours, which may be related to the fact that GULP1 is involved in the regulation of apoptotic pathways. In addition, the differential expression of GULP1 was linked to immune cell infiltration levels, immunotherapy response, and chemotherapy resistance. GULP1 could hinder the body's ability to fight tumors and respond to immunotherapy by promoting the accumulation of immune cells and suppressing the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In pancreatic cancer, down-regulation of GULP1 expression inhibits proliferation, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. These phenotypic changes may be achieved by regulating HIPPO, mTOR, and RTK signaling pathways. Taken together, it makes sense to think that GULP1 could be a biomarker for immunotherapy and prognosis in pan- and pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"19021"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neddylation status determines the therapeutic sensitivity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Congyi Zhang, Yikai Yao, Qiuting Qian, Xiongyu Han, Yunkun Lu, Xinyi Jiang, Hongqiang Cheng, Xue Zhang, Ying Chi, Yuehai Ke, Peng Xiao","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-04153-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04153-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BCR::ABL1-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) dominate the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) over the past decades. In this study, we reported an unexpected role of neddylation inhibitors in desensitizing the therapeutic efficacy of BCR::ABL1-targeting TKIs in CML. Unlike their function in reducing drug resistance in many solid tumors, we revealed that neddylation inhibitors counteracted the cytotoxicity of TKIs against CML cells, both in cellular experiments and in animal model. Conversely, neddylation agonist sensitized the function of TKIs. RNA sequencing data revealed that neddylation inhibitor reversed the transcriptomic changes induced by TKI. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay identified ABL1 kinase domain as a novel substrate for neddylation. Furthermore, an artificial intelligence (AI) 3-Dimensional spatial structure binding technology was employed to predict the impact of neddylation on the structure of ABL1 kinase domain. Finally, we provided potential evidence showing that TKI therapy decreased the expression of neddylation enzymes in the bone marrow of CML patients. Hence, our study offers new insights into the post-translational modification (PTM)-mediated drug resistance, and highlights the potential clinical benefits of neddylation agonists in improving the responsiveness of BCR::ABL1 TKIs in CML.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"18978"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized medication recommendations for Parkinson's disease patients using gated recurrent units and SHAP interpretability.","authors":"Atiye Riasi, Mehdi Delrobaei, Mehri Salari","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-04217-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04217-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Managing Parkinson's disease (PD) through medication can be challenging due to varying symptoms and disease duration. This study aims to demonstrate the potential of sequence-by-sequence algorithms in recommending personalized medication combinations for patients with PD based on their previous visits. Our proposed method employs a gated recurrent unit model to predict accurate combinations of critical medication types for PD based on each patient's motor symptoms and prescribed medication from previous visits. We built a multi-label model with gated recurrent units on two data architectures: (1) personalized input using each patient's previous visits as a sample and (2) non-personalized input treating each visit as an independent sample. The 10-fold cross-validation results showed that the personalized architecture model outperforms the non-personalized model in accuracy (0.92), precision (0.94), recall (0.94), F1-score (0.94), Hamming loss (0.03), and macro average area under the receiver operating characteristic (0.94). To interpret the model's predictions, we employed SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values, which provide insights into the importance of variables both globally (across the entire model) and at the individual patient level. The results contribute to the sequential-based decision support system potentially enhancing the remote management of PD pharmacologic issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"19074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secure IoV communications for smart fleet systems empowered with ASCON.","authors":"Bhuvaneshwari A J, P Kaythry","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-04061-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04061-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is crucial in facilitating secure and efficient vehicle-infrastructure communication. Nevertheless, with an increasing reliance on the IoV in modern logistics and intelligent fleet systems, cyberattacks on vital supply chain information pose a far greater threat. This research presents the ASCON, a low-power cryptographic algorithm, with the Message Queued Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol for secure IoV communications. Integration of a deep learning model that is suited for real-time anomaly detection and breach prediction. The novelty of this study is the hybrid framework that uses lightweight cryptographic methods coupled with deep learning-based threat protection. Therefore, it is resilient against a wide range of cyber-attacks, including password cracking, authentication compromises, brute-force attacks, differential cryptanalysis, and Zig-Zag attacks. The system employs Raspberry Pi boards with authentic industrial vehicluar dataset and offers a remarkable encryption rate of 0.025 s, takes 0.003 s for hash generation, and detection of tampering takes 0.002 s. By bridging the gap between high-level cryptography and proactive and smart security analytics, this work not only fortifies fleet management systems but also makes substantial contributions to the overall objectives of enhancing safety, sustainability, and operational robustness in autonomous vehicle networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"19103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored treatment of specific diagnosis improves symptoms and quality of life in patients with myocardial Ischemia and Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries.","authors":"Piotr Szolc, Bartłomiej Guzik, Łukasz Niewiara, Paweł Kleczyński, Anna Bernacik, Marta Diachyshyn, Maciej Stąpór, Krzysztof Żmudka, Jacek Legutko","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-02400-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02400-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) represents a challenging clinical scenario affecting a considerable proportion of patients undergoing coronary angiography. INOCA manifests with various pathomechanisms, including abnormalities in coronary microvessels and vasomotor disorders. INOCA patients experience substantial symptoms and heightened risk of adverse cardiac events. Guidelines outline diagnostic and treatment strategies, emphasizing tailored approaches for improved outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate symptoms and quality of life changes in INOCA patients following tailored treatment based on comprehensive diagnostic assessment of the coronary circulation. This is a single-center prospective registry of symptomatic adult patients diagnosed with INOCA. Comprehensive invasive physiological diagnostics including assessment of coronary microcirculation function and coronary artery reactivity were conducted. Clinical outcomes, angina severity (Canadian Cardiovascular Scale), and quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire) were assessed at baseline and after 12 months of tailored anti-angina treatment based on pathophysiological background. A total of 150 patients were enrolled. At baseline 8% of patients had angina CCS I, 70% CCS II and 22% CCS III. After 12 months 46% had no angina symptoms, 22% had angina CCS I, 26% CCS II and 6% CCS III. Following tailored treatment, angina severity significantly decreased (p < 0.001). The quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire) was significantly better after 12 months compared to baseline (66 [45; 103] vs. 91 [69; 115] points; P < 0.001). In this observational study, a proposed care pathway for patients with INOCA was presented. Despite the observational nature of the study, both symptoms and quality of life improved, underscoring the need for future prospective randomized controlled trials. Further research, including adequately powered sample sizes of patients is warranted to evaluate the influence of pathophysiology-tailored treatment of INOCA on long-term major cardiovascular events.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"18968"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The analysis of motion recognition model for badminton player movements using machine learning.","authors":"Xuanmin Zhu, Lizhi Liu, Jingshuo Huang, Genyan Chen, Xi Ling, Yanshuo Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-02771-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02771-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to comprehensively analyze and classify the badminton players' swing actions by combining the theoretical frameworks of quantum mechanics and machine learning. A badminton stroke recognition method based on Quantum Convolutional Neural Network (QCNN) is proposed. It is then compared with traditional Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The comparison aims to assess the classification performance and robustness of each method. Firstly, this study collects the badminton players' stroke action data using high-frame-rate cameras and inertial sensors to record posture information during different strokes. OpenPose is used for human posture estimation, and combined with sensor data, spatiotemporal features during the stroke are extracted. Next, during the data preprocessing stage, Gaussian filtering is applied to remove noise, followed by normalization and feature selection to ensure the quality of the model input data. Then, SVM, CNN, and QCNN models are trained to classify different stroke actions. To evaluate model performance, precision, recall, and F1-score are selected as metrics. Experiments with varying noise levels (low, medium, and high noise) are designed to test the models' robustness. Finally, decision tree feature importance analysis is conducted to assess the contribution of different features to stroke action classification. Experimental results show that QCNN outperforms all other models in all classification tasks, with an F1-score of 0.860 for backhand intercept, significantly better than CNN (0.792) and SVM (0.753). In robustness tests under low, medium, and high noise environments, the classification precision of QCNN is 0.95, 0.92, and 0.89, respectively. This clearly surpasses both CNN and SVM. The results indicate that QCNN has strong adaptability to noisy data. Further feature analysis reveals that arm angle, twist angle, and step position are key factors affecting classification accuracy, with the highest contribution in the QCNN model. This study validates the superiority of QCNN in badminton action recognition and provides reliable methodological support for subsequent sports technique analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"19030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical role for IL-21/IL-21 receptor signaling in isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling.","authors":"Bing Qi, Ruohang Xu, Yanye Jin, Yufei Wang, Tianwei Cheng, Chang Liu, Yujin Ji, Lihong Guo, Jing Li, Yang Gao, Yang Xu, Jianlin Cui, Jie Liu, Zecheng Jiang, Lifeng Feng, Zhi Qi, Liang Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-02552-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02552-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increased cytokine secretion from immune cells is often associated with cardiac remodeling and heart failure due to pressure overload. Several reports suggest that the IL-21/IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) signaling pathway may play a critical role in heart failure progression, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, isoproterenol (ISO) was used to induce heart failure in mice and found that ISO injection caused significant upregulation of IL-21 and the IL-21R in the heart of mice. Subsequently, IL-21 receptor-deficient (IL-21R^-/-) mice were used to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of IL-21/IL-21R. Importantly, we found a significant reduction in myocardial hypertrophy, inflammation, and apoptosis in ISO-treated IL-21R^-/- mice compared to WT mice. Furthermore, the frequency of CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ cells was significantly reduced in ISO-treated IL-21R^-/- mice. Co-culture studies showed that the adhesion rate of CD4⁺ T cells isolated from IL-21R^-/- to cardiac fibroblasts was significantly reduced compared to co-cultures isolated from WT mice. Accordingly, significant downregulation of α-SMA was detected in cardiac fibroblasts when cocultured with CD4⁺ T cells isolated from IL-21R^-/- mice. Furthermore, IL-21 could directly induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis and exacerbate ISO-induced myocardial damage through activation of STAT3 signaling pathway. Our study demonstrates the mechanism of IL-21 and its receptor in the progression of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis and highlights that the absence of IL-21R may provide protection against myocardial damage, thus providing a new potential therapeutic target for the treatment of heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"18985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and characterization of NBS-LRR gene family in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana).","authors":"Lei Zhu, Changjun Huang, Cheng Yuan, Yong Liu, Haiqin Yu, Yan Long, Jianmin Zeng","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-03507-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03507-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nicotiana benthamiana is an important model plant widely employed in plant virology, which involves the nucleotide binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes in disease resistance. In this study, firstly, 156 NBS-LRR homologs were identified by HMMsearch and they were divided into three clades in the phylogenetic tree by Clustal W, containing 5 TNL-type, 25 CNL-type, 23 NL-type, 2 TN-type, 41 CN-type, and 60 N-type proteins. Further, conserved motifs and domain composition were detected by MEME, showing 10 conserved motifs dispersed throughout the protein sequences in both typical- and irregular- type NBS-LRRs. Subcellular localization prediction by CELLO v.2.5 and Plant-mPLoc suggested 121 NBS-LRRs were located in cytoplasm, 33 in plasma membrane, and 12 in nucleus. And physicochemical characteristics by EXPASY ProtParam revealed common and unique features among the six types of NBS-LRR protein. Finally, gene structure analysis by TBtools exhibited most NBS-LRR genes were composed of either fewer or two introns. And regulatory cis-elements were assayed by PlantCARE, detecting 29 shared kinds and 4 kinds unique in irregular-type NBS-LRR genes, indicating potential upstream regulation factors. In summary, we provided important information on NBS-LRR genes and potential resources for improving disease resistance in tobacco, and will contribute to breeding programs for virus resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"19015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}