Scientific Reports最新文献_第8页

Chronic alcohol-induced brain states limit propagation of direct cortical stimulation. 慢性酒精诱导的大脑状态限制了直接皮层刺激的传播。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-21802-z

Bettina Habelt, Nasibeh Talebi, Dzmitry Afanasenkau, Cindy Schwarz, Beate Knauer, Marcus W Meinhardt, Rainer Spanagel, Carsten Werner, Ivan R Minev, Christian Beste, Nadine Bernhardt

{"title":"Chronic alcohol-induced brain states limit propagation of direct cortical stimulation.","authors":"Bettina Habelt, Nasibeh Talebi, Dzmitry Afanasenkau, Cindy Schwarz, Beate Knauer, Marcus W Meinhardt, Rainer Spanagel, Carsten Werner, Ivan R Minev, Christian Beste, Nadine Bernhardt","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-21802-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-21802-z","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of chronic alcohol consumption is evident in disruptions within prefrontal circuitries, resulting in cognitive deficits that underlie lost control over drinking. Given the limited efficacy of current pharmacotherapy, we employed multifunctional bioelectronics to investigate the potential of direct electrical brain stimulation to rectify neural impairments in alcohol-dependent rats. Cortical stimulation counteracted the observed deficiencies in event-related brain potentials and neural oscillations following chronic alcohol consumption, particularly by strengthening low-beta oscillations related to executive control. Stimulation efficacy thereby correlated with individual drinking patterns. In alcohol-dependent rats, stimulation-related neuroenhancement was spatially confined to the stimulation site, indicating reduced neural connectivity, as confirmed by a computational approach to directed functional connectivity patterns. Such state-dependent factors may contribute to the varying efficacy of brain stimulation observed in patients, ultimately suggesting the need for personalized neuromodulation designs.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A jamming risk warning model for TBM tunnelling based on Bayesian statistical methods. 基于贝叶斯统计方法的TBM掘进干扰风险预警模型。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19244-8

Shuang-Jing Wang, Le-Chen Wang, Lei-Jie Wu, Xu Li

{"title":"A jamming risk warning model for TBM tunnelling based on Bayesian statistical methods.","authors":"Shuang-Jing Wang, Le-Chen Wang, Lei-Jie Wu, Xu Li","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19244-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19244-8","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a comprehensive jamming risk assessment framework for Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) jamming accidents during excavation. Using real-time boring data and Bayesian conditional probability, a novel risk warning model is proposed to enhance safety and efficiency of tunneling projects. Through statistical analysis of excavation parameters, distinct patterns between jamming and normal excavation states are identified. A comprehensive jamming perception index (η) is introduced that synthesizes multiple parameters to accurately identify jamming states with a recognition rate of 95%. This integrated approach overcomes the limitations of single-parameter analysis and provides improved accuracy in jamming risk assessment. Additionally, a quantitative model for calculating jamming probability is developed, accounting for differences in sample size between jamming and normal excavation sections. The refined model yields realistic estimates of jamming probability, with an average of 94% in jamming sections and 7% in normal excavation sections. Furthermore, geological analysis shows that the Class Ⅲ surrounding rock is the most suitable for excavation and has the lowest jamming probability. This finding emphasizes the importance of considering geological conditions in excavation planning to effectively mitigate jamming risks. In conclusion, this research provides a practical framework for the prediction and management of TBM jamming accidents, contributing to enhanced safety and efficiency in tunneling projects.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A feature fusion-based line structured light 3-D imaging method. 一种基于特征融合的线结构光三维成像方法。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19500-x

Jingjing Lou, Liangliang Sun, Yunhan Li, Chuan Ye, Yuhang Jiang

{"title":"A feature fusion-based line structured light 3-D imaging method.","authors":"Jingjing Lou, Liangliang Sun, Yunhan Li, Chuan Ye, Yuhang Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19500-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19500-x","url":null,"abstract":"To address the challenges of uneven illumination, background noise, and low contrast in laser stripe center extraction in industrial environments such as measurement, this paper proposes a line laser 3D measurement method based on feature fusion. First, a multi-feature fusion detection model is constructed to obtain the brightness feature map and region-enhanced feature map of the laser stripe. Then, wavelet transform is used to fuse the brightness feature map and the region-enhanced feature map, followed by segmentation of the fused feature map using an adaptive maximum entropy method. Next, a gray-gravity method optimized by gradient direction and curvature is employed to determine the initial center points of the laser stripe. Finally, adaptive segmentation based on neighborhood differences is performed, and polynomial fitting is applied to the segmented stripes to obtain the final laser stripe centers. Experimental results show that, under a noise variance of 0.3, the maximum error in laser stripe extraction is less than 1.07 pixels, the width error between different rows is less than 0.24 mm, and the mean error of repeatability extraction is less than 0.13 mm.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A gait recognition architecture for early screening in the assessment of Parkinson's patients. 一种用于帕金森患者早期筛查评估的步态识别架构。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19224-y

Huan Wang, Kehuan Yan, Jing Cai, Ying Liu, Xianghan Zheng

{"title":"A gait recognition architecture for early screening in the assessment of Parkinson's patients.","authors":"Huan Wang, Kehuan Yan, Jing Cai, Ying Liu, Xianghan Zheng","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19224-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19224-y","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disorder, is estimated to affect over two million people in China, with a trend towards younger demographics, posing a significant challenge to public health. Traditional diagnostic methods rely heavily on manual detection, which is inefficient and highly susceptible to subjective biases. Gait recognition, as a long-distance, non-contact, and efficient human identification technology, has garnered attention from researchers. However, existing gait recognition architectures have deficiencies in gait feature capture, sampling flexibility, generalization ability, and task adaptability. In response to these challenges, we propose an enhanced hybrid architecture based on GaitBase, integrating four specialized expert subnetworks and adaptive feature fusion mechanisms, significantly enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of gait recognition, particularly in the field of Parkinson's disease gait recognition. Our model breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed convolution kernels, enabling irregular sampling, enhancing feature capture capabilities, and improving the model's generalization performance. Extensive comparative experiments conducted on the CASIA-B and OU-MVLP datasets have validated the model's robustness and superiority across multiple viewing angles. The model demonstrates comparable performance to existing methods, while outperforming them in specific viewpoints. Additionally, transfer learning experiments conducted on our self-built Parkinson's disease patient gait dataset further confirmed the model's effectiveness in recognizing and classifying gait features of Parkinson's disease patients. We provide a new technological pathway for the intelligent detection of Parkinson's disease and offer new insights for the application of gait recognition technology in broader fields.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the mechanical behavior of concrete reinforced with waste tire steel fibers. 废轮胎钢纤维增强混凝土的力学性能评价。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-07615-0

Ahmed Faisal Oan, Fatma Attia

{"title":"Evaluation of the mechanical behavior of concrete reinforced with waste tire steel fibers.","authors":"Ahmed Faisal Oan, Fatma Attia","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-07615-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07615-0","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete serves as the foundation of modern infrastructure and is commonly used in construction for its strength, durability, and versatility. However, traditional concrete has its limitations, especially when it comes to handling tensile stresses. To address this issue, different types of fiber reinforcement have been developed, with steel fiber proving to be particularly effective due to its high tensile strength and compatibility with concrete. This study investigated the effect of using waste tire steel fiber (WTSF) on the mechanical properties of concrete, where different percentages of WTSF were used namely, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% by volume replacement of concrete. Compared to the control mix, the incorporation of steel fibers, whether commercially manufactured (MSF) or recycled (WTSF), negatively affected workability. Slump values in MSF mixes decreased between 37.5% and 62.5%, while WTSF mixes showed higher reductions, ranging from 87.5 to 100%, indicating that WTSF had a more adverse impact on workability. The compressive strength results showed that using WTSF at volume ratios of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% led to reductions of 6.4%, 30%, and 46%, respectively. In contrast, incorporating steel fiber enhanced mechanical performance, with tensile strength increasing by up to 67% for MSF and 38% for WTSF, while flexural strength improved by up to 40% and 19%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sequential addition synthesis of guar gum based ternary hydrogels with kinetic asymmetry in drug release. 顺序加成合成瓜尔胶基药物释放动力学不对称三元水凝胶。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19222-0

Ambreen Ghani, Muhammad Atif, Sahar Saleem, Musinguzi Alex, Erum Akbar Hussain, Mohammed Ali Assiri, Muhammad Asad Faroqui

{"title":"Sequential addition synthesis of guar gum based ternary hydrogels with kinetic asymmetry in drug release.","authors":"Ambreen Ghani, Muhammad Atif, Sahar Saleem, Musinguzi Alex, Erum Akbar Hussain, Mohammed Ali Assiri, Muhammad Asad Faroqui","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19222-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19222-0","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, biomedical engineering is placing significant emphasis on hydrogels due to their exceptional capabilities in drug delivery, tissue regeneration, tissue adhesion, blood clot prevention, contrast imaging, safeguarding tissues or organs during radiotherapy, and enhancing the biocompatibility of medical implants. This study explores a temperature-controlled sequential addition method to synthesize pH responsive guar gum-sodium alginate hydrogels with PVA as third component. Obtained hydrogels have been observed with kinetic asymmetry in drug release at specific pH. The sequential addition method has augmented thermal stability of products by allowing for distinct crosslinking patterns in the hydrogels produced. Kinetic assymetry of in-vitro drug release has been observed, specifically depending upon drug hydrogel interaction as hydrogen bonding. The blends that were prepared with higher sodium alginate (NaA) contents demonstrated 1st order drug release kinetics due to highest swelling and fast ionic dissociation leads to fast drug release, whereas samples with higher guargum (GG) ratio in compositions presented zero order kinetics due to compact structure and sustained swelling. The maximum drug release achieved within 12 h was 92% in intestine at 7.4 (colon pH), which was subsequently characterized by non-Fickian diffusion due to polymer relaxation.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive non unit traveling wave protection algorithm for multi terminal HVDC grids. 多端直流电网的自适应非单元行波保护算法。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19589-0

Ali Raza, Muhammad Ameer Hamza, Abul Rehman Kashif, Muhammad Zain Yousaf, Baseem Khan, Josep M Guerrero, Rajkumar Sivanraju

引用次数: 0

Atractylodes macrocephala compounds attenuate pediatric epilepsy neuroinflammation through multitarget regulation of the NF-κB pathway. 苍术化合物通过多靶点调节NF-κB通路减轻小儿癫痫神经炎症。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19492-8

Aiyuan Cai, Ran Liu, Zilong Li, Hailong Huang, Jing Xiao, Yuanhong Lin, Haixia Wu, Ping Liu, Jing Ying, Qingpeng Hu

{"title":"Atractylodes macrocephala compounds attenuate pediatric epilepsy neuroinflammation through multitarget regulation of the NF-κB pathway.","authors":"Aiyuan Cai, Ran Liu, Zilong Li, Hailong Huang, Jing Xiao, Yuanhong Lin, Haixia Wu, Ping Liu, Jing Ying, Qingpeng Hu","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19492-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19492-8","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the multi-target mechanisms of Atractylodes macrocephala (AM) and its main active component, Atractylenolide III (ATR-III), in mitigating central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory responses in pediatric epilepsy via modulation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Network pharmacology identified AM's active components and their targets, which were integrated with pediatric epilepsy-related targets. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed potential mechanisms, while molecular docking assessed the binding capacity of ATR-III to key targets. In vitro, an LPS-induced microglial inflammation model was used, with CCK-8 assays, Western blot, qPCR, and JC-1 staining evaluating ATR-III's effects on cell viability, NF-κB activation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and mitochondrial function. Network pharmacology showed AM's targets overlap with pediatric epilepsy targets, enriched in neuroinflammation pathways. Molecular docking confirmed ATR-III's strong binding to NF-κB targets. In vitro, ATR-III significantly suppressed NF-κB activation, reduced p65 and IκBα phosphorylation, decreased inflammatory cytokines, and improved LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by restoring membrane potential and upregulating PGC-1α and COX4. This study elucidates AM and ATR-III's mechanisms in reducing CNS inflammation and improving mitochondrial function, offering a theoretical basis for AM's use in pediatric epilepsy and highlighting ATR-III's potential as a natural anti-inflammatory drug.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EHE cell cultures are a platform for mechanistic and therapeutic investigation. EHE细胞培养是机制和治疗研究的平台。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19453-1

Nicholas Scalora, Gillian DeWane, Yuliia Drebot, Ali A Khan, Souradip Sinha, Krishnendu Ghosh, Denise Robinson, Patricia Cogswell, Andrew M Bellizzi, Anthony N Snow, Patrick Breheny, Michael S Chimenti, Munir R Tanas

{"title":"EHE cell cultures are a platform for mechanistic and therapeutic investigation.","authors":"Nicholas Scalora, Gillian DeWane, Yuliia Drebot, Ali A Khan, Souradip Sinha, Krishnendu Ghosh, Denise Robinson, Patricia Cogswell, Andrew M Bellizzi, Anthony N Snow, Patrick Breheny, Michael S Chimenti, Munir R Tanas","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19453-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19453-1","url":null,"abstract":"Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a difficult to treat vascular sarcoma defined by TAZ-CAMTA1 (TC) or YAP-TFE3 (YT) fusion proteins. Human cell lines needed to further understand the pathogenesis of EHE have been lacking. Herein, we describe a method to generate EHE extended primary cell cultures. An integrated multi -omic and functional approach was used to characterize these cultures. The cell cultures, relatively homogenous by single cell RNA-Seq, demonstrated established characteristics of EHE including increased proliferation, anchorage independent growth, as well as the overall gene expression profile and secondary genetic alterations seen in EHE. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) identified links to epigenetic modifying complexes, metabolic processes, and pointed to the importance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in these tumors. Bulk RNA-Seq demonstrated upregulation of pathways including PI3K-Akt signaling, ECM/ECM receptor interaction, and the Hippo signaling pathway. Development of these extended primary cell cultures allowed for single-cell profiling which demonstrated different cell compartments within the cultures. Furthermore, the cultures served as a therapeutic platform to test the efficacy of TEAD inhibitors in vitro. Overall, the development of primary EHE cell cultures will aid in the mechanistic understanding of this sarcoma and serve as a model system to test new therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the readability and quality of AI-generated scoliosis education materials: a comparative analysis of five language models. 评估人工智能生成的脊柱侧弯教材的可读性和质量：五种语言模型的比较分析。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19370-3

Mengchu Zhao, Mi Zhou, Yexi Han, Xiaomei Song, Youbin Zhou, Haoning He

{"title":"Evaluating the readability and quality of AI-generated scoliosis education materials: a comparative analysis of five language models.","authors":"Mengchu Zhao, Mi Zhou, Yexi Han, Xiaomei Song, Youbin Zhou, Haoning He","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19370-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19370-3","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity of scoliosis-related terminology and treatment options often hinders patients and caregivers from understanding their choices, making it difficult to make informed decisions. As a result, many patients seek guidance from artificial intelligence (AI) tools. However, AI-generated health content may suffer from low readability, inconsistency, and questionable quality, posing risks of misinformation. This study evaluates the readability and informational quality of scoliosis-related content produced by AI. We evaluated five AI models-ChatGPT-4o, ChatGPT-o1, ChatGPT-o3 mini-high, DeepSeek-V3, and DeepSeek-R1-by querying each on three types of scoliosis: congenital, adolescent idiopathic, and neuromuscular. Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and FleschKincaid Reading Ease (FKRE), while content quality was evaluated using the DISCERN score. Statistical analyses were performed in R-Studio. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). DeepSeek-R1 achieved the lowest FKGL (6.2) and the highest FKRE (64.5), indicating superior readability. In contrast, ChatGPT-o1 and ChatGPT-o3 mini-high scored above FKGL 12.0, requiring college-level reading skills. Despite readability differences, DISCERN scores remained stable across models (~ 50.5/80) with high inter-rater agreement (ICC = 0.85-0.87), suggesting a fair level quality. However, all responses lacked citations, limiting reliability. AI-generated scoliosis education materials vary significantly in readability, with DeepSeek-R1 being the most accessible. Future AI models should enhance readability without compromising information accuracy and integrate real-time citation mechanisms for improved trustworthiness.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0