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⁷Li NMR short-range ordering in hardened lithium sodium niobate. 硬化铌酸锂钠中的Li NMR短程有序。
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-21740-w
Millena Logrado, Anuraag Gaddam, Fangping Zhuo, Changhao Zhao, Shuang Gao, Hergen Breitzke, Markus Rosenstihl, Michael Vogel, Jürgen Rödel, Gerd Buntkowsky
{"title":"⁷Li NMR short-range ordering in hardened lithium sodium niobate.","authors":"Millena Logrado, Anuraag Gaddam, Fangping Zhuo, Changhao Zhao, Shuang Gao, Hergen Breitzke, Markus Rosenstihl, Michael Vogel, Jürgen Rödel, Gerd Buntkowsky","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-21740-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-21740-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thermal treatments play a crucial role in tuning the functional properties of lithium-based perovskites, which are of interest for applications in energy storage, actuation and sensing. In the present work, the impact of aging and quenching on the local structure and lithium mobility in lithium sodium niobate (LNN) ceramics was investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques. Our results demonstrate that quenching inhibits the formation of a lithium-rich phase, leading to significant modifications in dipolar and quadrupolar interactions. Aging induces the formation of LiNbO<sub>3</sub> within the perovskite matrix, with no indication of lithium mobility at the boundaries of LiNbO<sub>3</sub> grains. The presence of multiple lithium environments in aged samples was indicated by transmission electron microscopy and confirmed through <sup>7</sup>Li Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR, revealing distinct structural differences between aged and unaged samples. NMR parameters were also compared with parameters calculated by Density Functional Theory. The findings suggest the formation of LiNbO<sub>3</sub> and an additional lithium poor phase in aged LNN samples. These results indicate that the quenching effect reduces dipolar interactions and considerably sharpens the <sup>7</sup>Li NMR spectra, while structural modifications induced by thermal processing affect lithium ordering, providing new insights into the phase behavior of LNN ceramics.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ancient mitogenomes from Neolithic, megalithic and medieval burials suggest complex genetic history of Kashmir valley, India. 来自新石器时代、巨石时代和中世纪墓葬的古代有丝分裂基因组表明印度克什米尔山谷复杂的遗传历史。
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-00568-4
Aparna Dwivedi, Lomous Kumar, Snigdha Konar, Nagarjuna Pasupuleti, Sanjay Kumar Singh Gahlaud, Richa Rajpal, Mohammad Ajmal Shah, Mumtaz A Yatoo, Sachin Kumar, Shiv Kumar Patel, Ningombam Somorjit Singh, Niraj Rai
{"title":"Ancient mitogenomes from Neolithic, megalithic and medieval burials suggest complex genetic history of Kashmir valley, India.","authors":"Aparna Dwivedi, Lomous Kumar, Snigdha Konar, Nagarjuna Pasupuleti, Sanjay Kumar Singh Gahlaud, Richa Rajpal, Mohammad Ajmal Shah, Mumtaz A Yatoo, Sachin Kumar, Shiv Kumar Patel, Ningombam Somorjit Singh, Niraj Rai","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-00568-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00568-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>South Asia is rich in cultural and genetic diversity; however, it is hardly represented in the blooming field of archaeogenetics. The Neolithic site of Burzahom is of high cultural value and archaeological importance and is one of the earliest human settlements in the Kashmir Valley with numerous evidence of migration and cultural assimilation. In our current study, we have reconstructed for the first time the complete mitogenomes of Neolithic, megalithic and medieval individuals from the Burzahom archaeological site in Kashmir. Our findings suggest that Neolithic and Megalithic periods were characterized by predominantly local genetic influence on the maternal gene pool, with some evidence of genetic contact with the Iron Age Swat Valley. While medieval populations showed clear signs of genetic contacts with Swat Valley historical and Central Asian Bronze age populations. Interestingly, Bayesian evolutionary analysis suggests an affinity of one of the medieval samples with a medieval sample from Roopkund Lake; the finding will be more conclusive with more sample evidence. In summary, we propose that the genetics of Neolithic, megalithic and medieval Kashmir agree well with the archaeological evidence of cultural contacts with the Swat Valley and Central Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive heartbeat regulation using double deep reinforcement learning in a Markov decision process framework. 在马尔可夫决策过程框架中使用双重深度强化学习的自适应心跳调节。
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19411-x
Walid Ayadi, Emad Alkhazraji, Haitham Khaled, Yassine Bouteraa, Masoud Abedini, Ardashir Mohammadzadeh
{"title":"Adaptive heartbeat regulation using double deep reinforcement learning in a Markov decision process framework.","authors":"Walid Ayadi, Emad Alkhazraji, Haitham Khaled, Yassine Bouteraa, Masoud Abedini, Ardashir Mohammadzadeh","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19411-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19411-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The erratic nature of cardiac rhythms can precipitate a multitude of pathologies. Consequently, the endeavor to achieve stabilization of the human heartbeat has garnered significant scholarly interest in recent years. In this context, an adaptive nonlinear disturbance compensator (ANDC) strategy has been meticulously developed to ensure the stabilization of cardiac activity. Moreover, a double deep reinforcement learning (DDRL) algorithm has been employed to adaptively calibrate the tunable coefficients of the ANDC controller. To facilitate this, as well as to replicate authentic environmental conditions, a dynamic model of the heart has been constructed utilizing the framework of the Markov Decision Process (MDP). The proposed methodology functions in a closed-loop configuration, wherein the ANDC controller guarantees both stability and disturbance mitigation, while the DDRL agent persistently refines control parameters in accordance with the observed state of the system. Two categories of input signals, namely normal signals and MDP-based stochastic signals, are administered to assess the system's efficacy under both standard and uncertain conditions. Furthermore, the influence of pathological neural activity is emulated through the introduction of external signals characterized by eight discrete frequency components. Quantitative assessments employing metrics such as peak amplitude, signal energy, and zero-crossing rate are performed for each state of the cardiovascular model. The findings substantiate that the ANDC-DDRL strategy effectively stabilizes cardiac rhythms across diverse conditions, surpassing the performance of conventional baseline methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An intelligent flow measurement system based on pressure drop in straight pipeline: a deep learning approach. 基于直管压降的智能流量测量系统:一种深度学习方法。
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19401-z
Reza Shakarami, Mohamad Taghi Sadeghi
{"title":"An intelligent flow measurement system based on pressure drop in straight pipeline: a deep learning approach.","authors":"Reza Shakarami, Mohamad Taghi Sadeghi","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19401-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19401-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flow metering is an essential industrial requirement commonly provided by differential pressure flow meters that have an obstruction device, causing huge upstream pressure at higher flow rates. Thus, the present study measures the flow velocity based on the pressure drop in the straight pipeline without any restriction device. Since the physical equations cannot be explicitly solved for the velocity calculation from pressure drop data, and the Trial-and-Error (TAE) procedure is time-consuming and unreliable, the deep learning approach is employed to determine the flow velocity from pressure drop data. Darcy friction factor and pressure drop are calculated to a wide range of flow velocity, pipe diameter, pipe relative roughness, and fluid kinematic viscosity to generate more than 27,000 theoretical data for training and testing different deep neural networks such as FFNN (Feed Forward Neural Network), CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), LSTM (Long and Short-Term Memory), and RNN (Recurrent Neural Network). Statistical analysis proves the influence of input variables and justifies their selection. Models have been evaluated via experimental data that include large pipe diameters up to 10cm and different fluids such as water and heavy oils with a kinematic viscosity of 340 m<sup>2</sup>/s. The FFNN with a 4-15-5-5-1 structure and the CNN with four layers had the best response, as their accuracy is more than 96% and 95% for all data, respectively. This study presents a new, reliable, and inexpensive flow metering system for incompressible fluids with a low computational cost, no additional mechanical parts, and no intrusive hardware.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A multi-phase framework for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and transparency in renal cell carcinoma grading using YOLOv8 and GradCAM. 使用YOLOv8和GradCAM提高肾细胞癌分级诊断准确性和透明度的多期框架
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19342-7
Amna Bamaqa, Wedad O Alahamade
{"title":"A multi-phase framework for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and transparency in renal cell carcinoma grading using YOLOv8 and GradCAM.","authors":"Amna Bamaqa, Wedad O Alahamade","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19342-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19342-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kidney cancer, specifically renal cell carcinoma (RCC), represents a major global health issue, with increasing incidence rates, highlighting the necessity for effective and accurate diagnostic systems. Traditional methods for RCC grading, such as manual histopathological analysis, are labor intensive, susceptible to human error, and lack the scalability required for modern clinical environments. To address these issues, we propose a novel multiphase classification framework that combines YOLOv8 for high-accuracy RCC grading and GradCAM for enhanced model interpretability. The framework progressively refines WHO/ISUP grades through a cascading approach: [Formula: see text] distinguishes between Grades 0/1 and 2/3/4, [Formula: see text] differentiates between Grades 0 and 1, and [Formula: see text] classifies Grades 2, 3, and 4. A unique \"Avoid Error Propagation Layer\" ensures that only high-confidence predictions are passed to subsequent phases, reducing cumulative errors. Our approach achieves remarkable accuracy (97.51%), precision (93.72%), recall (93.28%), specificity (98.32%), and F1 score (93.35%) on a publicly available RCC dataset. By integrating cutting-edge object detection with visual explanations, our model not only provides superior diagnostic performance but also offers transparent decision-making, which is crucial for clinical adoption. This approach addresses a major shortcoming of existing RCC grading systems by simultaneously prioritizing accuracy and interpretability, promising for revolutionizing kidney cancer diagnosis by enhancing both diagnostic precision and clinician trust.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing hydropower resilience through dynamic rule curve modifications under climate change in the Sunkoshi multipurpose scheme, Nepal. 气候变化下尼泊尔Sunkoshi多用途方案动态规则曲线修正提高水电恢复力
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19252-8
Ram Krishna Regmi, Arish Shrestha, Vishan Dahal, Subash Kunwar
{"title":"Enhancing hydropower resilience through dynamic rule curve modifications under climate change in the Sunkoshi multipurpose scheme, Nepal.","authors":"Ram Krishna Regmi, Arish Shrestha, Vishan Dahal, Subash Kunwar","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19252-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19252-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amid Nepal's expanding hydropower sector, the Sunkoshi Multipurpose Scheme stands as a pivotal inter-basin transfer project. As the country seeks to maximize its abundant water resources, strengthening hydropower resilience against the inevitable impacts of climate change is imperative for ensuring long-term energy sustainability. This study conducts a comprehensive assessment of climate change impacts on the Sunkoshi River Basin and proposes an adaptive management strategy through dynamic rule curve modifications, optimizing reservoir operations in response to projected shifts in water availability across different time horizons of the 21st century. Seven bias-corrected General Circulation Models (GCMs) (ACCESS-CM2, BCC-CSM2-MR, CanESM5, EC-Earth3, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, and NorESM2-MM) were adopted for the projection of climate variables under Shared Socio-Economic Pathways (SSP)245 and SSP585 scenarios which were further utilized for the projection of future discharge in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The anticipated inflow data served as input to the Hydraulic Engineering Center- Reservoir System Simulation (HEC-ResSim) software to simulate the reservoir operation and propose modified rule curves for Sunkoshi No.1, Sunkoshi No.2, Sunkoshi No.3, and Dudhkoshi hydropower projects for the time frame of 2030s, 2060s, and 2080s. Six different rule curves were proposed and average yearly energy generations were maximized ranging from 25.5%, 61.07%, 71.26%, and 10.50% for Sunkoshi No.3, Sunkoshi No.2, Sunkoshi No.1, and Dudhkoshi power plants respectively. These results could be helpful for long-term planning, urging policymakers to integrate dynamic rule curve modifications in the broader context of sustainable energy production and climate change adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative optimization of PIDN and fractional order controllers for a quarter car active suspension system using recent metaheuristic algorithms. 采用最新的元启发式算法对四分之一汽车主动悬架系统的PIDN和分数阶控制器进行比较优化。
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19505-6
Ferdi Özbilgin, Onur Özdal Mengi, Abdul Wadood, Aykut Fatih Güven, Herie Park
{"title":"Comparative optimization of PIDN and fractional order controllers for a quarter car active suspension system using recent metaheuristic algorithms.","authors":"Ferdi Özbilgin, Onur Özdal Mengi, Abdul Wadood, Aykut Fatih Güven, Herie Park","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-19505-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19505-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active suspension systems are crucial for improving vehicle ride comfort and handling under road disturbances. However, tuning the parameters of advanced controllers in such systems remains a complex challenge due to the nonlinear nature of vehicle dynamics. This study investigates the control of a quarter car active suspension model using two advanced controller structures: the Proportional-Integral-Derivative with filter (PIDN) and the hybrid Fractional Order PI plus PD (FOPI + FOPD) controller. To enhance controller performance, six recent metaheuristic algorithms-Educational Competition Optimizer (ECO), Escape Optimization Algorithm (ESC), Fata Morgana Algorithm (FATA), Jason Healing Optimization (JHO), Memory, Evolutionary Operator and Local Search Based Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (MELGWO), and Starfish Optimization Algorithm (SFOA)-are employed for parameter tuning. Simulation results, obtained in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, demonstrate that the ESC-optimized FOPI + FOPD controller achieves the most effective vibration suppression, significantly outperforming classical and fuzzy logic-based approaches in terms of peak overshoot, settling time, and control stability. These findings emphasize the importance of selecting suitable controller structures in conjunction with robust optimization techniques for intelligent suspension system design.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diuresis increase after positive end-expiratory pressure weaning during acute respiratory distress syndrome. 急性呼吸窘迫综合征期间呼气末正压脱机后利尿增加。
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-18688-2
Hamza Chraibi, Kahaia De Longeaux, Erwan L'her
{"title":"Diuresis increase after positive end-expiratory pressure weaning during acute respiratory distress syndrome.","authors":"Hamza Chraibi, Kahaia De Longeaux, Erwan L'her","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-18688-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-18688-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney failure is a usual side-effect associated with high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Our purpose is to investigate the increase of the 24-hour urine output normalized by body weight (UO), 48 h after PEEP weaning. The primary objective is to calculate the mean variation of UO. The secondary objective is to investigate the factors associated with UO variation, use of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality. We conducted a monocentric retrospective study in Brest adult medical ICU from January 2015 to December 2023. We included 120 patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation for ARDS. We selected patients with impaired urine output (UO ≤ 1 ml/kg/h) 24 h before PEEP weaning. The primary outcome was the variation of the urine output (UO), 48 h after PEEP weaning. Secondary outcomes were the need for RRT and mortality. Two groups were defined: the high responders (HR) group (n = 55) for a variation of UO > 0.35 mL/kg/h and the poor responders (PR) group (n = 65) for a variation of UO ≤ 0.35 mL/kg/h. 77.5% of the patients had an increase of UO (mean value: 0.46 mL/Kg/h). In a multivariate analysis, the OR for a high response to PEEP weaning were 0.89 (p = 0.0014) for the number of days with AKI KDIGO 3 and 0.93 (p = 0.04) for the number of days of IMV before PEEP weaning. The initiation of RRT was associated with higher doses of norepinephrine (0R = 1.77, p = 0.003 chronic kidney disease (OR = 28, p < 0.001), higher number of days with AKI KDIGO 3 (OR = 1.43, p < 0.001), an increased PEEP duration (OR = 1.09, p = 0.049) while it was inversely associated with COVID-19 ARDS (OR 0.07, p = 0.01). ICU mortality was associated with the initiation of RRT (OR = 3.14, p = 0.02) and age (OR 1,06, p = 0.01). 48-hrs following PEEP weaning during ARDS, UO is significantly increased. A decreased duration of invasive mechanical ventilation before weaning and a decreased total number of days with AKI KDIGO 3 were associated with an increased response to PEEP weaning.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Degradation pathways and chemical stability of regenerated cellulose fiber-reinforced bio-polyamide 5.10 composites under acidic and alkaline conditions. 再生纤维素纤维增强生物聚酰胺5.10复合材料在酸性和碱性条件下的降解途径和化学稳定性
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-23295-2
Celia Katharina Falkenreck, Jan-Christoph Zarges, Hans-Peter Heim
{"title":"Degradation pathways and chemical stability of regenerated cellulose fiber-reinforced bio-polyamide 5.10 composites under acidic and alkaline conditions.","authors":"Celia Katharina Falkenreck, Jan-Christoph Zarges, Hans-Peter Heim","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-23295-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-23295-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bio-based polyamides (PA) represent an emerging class of engineering biopolymers that combine high performance with renewable origins. In particular, PA5.10, derived from renewable monomers, offers an attractive alternative to petroleum-based matrices in sustainable composite applications. To advance the understanding of its environmental stability, this study explores the chemical resistance and degradation pathways of neat PA5.10 and regenerated cellulose fiber (RCF)-reinforced PA5.10 (20 wt%). Standardized specimens were prepared by twin-screw extrusion and injection molding and subsequently exposed to aqueous, acidic, alkaline, and organic environments for up to 168 h. Characterization included tensile testing, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), melt volume rate (MVR), moisture uptake, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hydrolytic and chemical aging caused chain splitting processes, fiber swelling, and fiber-matrix debonding, as evidenced by viscosity reduction, altered FTIR spectra, and mechanical deterioration. The composites exhibited pronounced sensitivity in acidic and alkaline media, with moisture uptake further reducing tensile strength and modulus. These findings provide new insights into the chemical stability of bio-based polyamides and highlight key challenges for their long-term use in sustainable composite applications. Addressing these limitations through targeted material design will be essential to expand the application range of RCF-reinforced bio-based polyamides in automotive and engineering sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dairy products consumption linked to decreased risk of endometrial cancer: A case-control study. 乳制品消费与降低子宫内膜癌风险有关:一项病例对照研究。
IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊
Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-17063-5
Elahe Etesami, Ali Nikparast, Matin Ghanavati, Seyed Ali Keshavarz
{"title":"Dairy products consumption linked to decreased risk of endometrial cancer: A case-control study.","authors":"Elahe Etesami, Ali Nikparast, Matin Ghanavati, Seyed Ali Keshavarz","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-17063-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-17063-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence remains inconsistent regarding the relationship between dairy products consumption and endometrial cancer (EC) risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between dairy products intake and EC risk in Iranian women. In this hospital-based case-control study, 136 patients with histologically confirmed EC and 272 age- and BMI-matched controls were included. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression models were applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EC risk across tertiles of energy-adjusted dairy consumption, adjusting for relevant dietary, reproductive, and lifestyle confounders. Higher intake of total dairy, low-fat dairy, and high-fat dairy was significantly associated with a lower risk of EC in fully adjusted models. The strongest inverse associations were observed at moderate intake levels. No significant association was found between butter consumption and EC risk. Sensitivity analyses among postmenopausal women confirmed consistent inverse associations for total and subtypes of dairy products. Our study indicated that higher dairy product consumption is associated with a reduced risk of EC. These findings suggest a potential protective role of dairy in EC prevention. Additional research, particularly in larger and more diverse populations, is needed to explore this further.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"35271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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