Scientific Reports最新文献

{"title":"Single and joint exposure of Pb, Cd, Hg, Se, Cu, and Zn were associated with cognitive function of older adults.","authors":"Zixuan Fu, Xiaofang Xu, Li Cao, Qianying Xiang, Qian Gao, Huirong Duan, Shuhan Wang, Liye Zhou, Xiujuan Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79720-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79720-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Impaired cognitive function following exposure to heavy metals has emerged as a significant global health concern. Nevertheless, the impact of combined exposure to multiple heavy metals on cognitive impairment remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the association between multiple heavy metals exposure and cognitive function to provide theoretical evidence to guide prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The blood levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), selenium (Se), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) and the results of the cognitive function tests were extracted from 811 elderly Americans who completed the NHANES between 2011 and 2014. Quantile regression (QR), restricted cubic splines (RCS), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to explore the individual and joint association between heavy metals exposure and performance in 4 standardized cognitive tests; Item Response Theory (IRT), Delayed Recall Test (DRT), Animal Fluency Test (AFT) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A negative association was noted between Cd levels and IRT (p = 0.048, 95%CI: -2.7, -0.1). Se concentrations ranging between 2.197 µg/L (95%CI: 0.004, 0.15) to 2.29 µg/L (95%CI: 2.56, 7.64) (log₁₀Se) was postively associated with DSST (p = 0.001 ). Cu was negatively associated with DSST (p = 0.049, 95%CI: -37.75, -0.09), while Zn was positively associated with IRT (p = 0.022, 95%CI: 0.55, 11.73). Exposure to the 6 heavy metals combined showed a positive linear association with IRT, DRT, and a negative linear association with DSST. An interaction between Cd and the other heavy metals (excepted for Pb).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exposure to Pb, Cd, Hg, Se, Cu, and Zn was associated with cognitive function. Joint exposure to the 6 heavy metals showed a positive linear association with IRT, DRT, contrarily, a negative linear association with DSST.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privacy guarantees for personal mobility data in humanitarian response.","authors":"Nitin Kohli, Emily Aiken, Joshua E Blumenstock","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79561-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79561-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personal mobility data from mobile phones and other sensors are increasingly used to inform policymaking during pandemics, natural disasters, and other humanitarian crises. However, even aggregated mobility traces can reveal private information about individual movements to potentially malicious actors. This paper develops and tests an approach for releasing private mobility data, which provides formal guarantees over the privacy of the underlying subjects. Specifically, we (1) introduce an algorithm for constructing differentially private mobility matrices and derive privacy and accuracy bounds on this algorithm; (2) use real-world data from mobile phone operators in Afghanistan and Rwanda to show how this algorithm can enable the use of private mobility data in two high-stakes policy decisions: pandemic response and the distribution of humanitarian aid; and (3) discuss practical decisions that need to be made when implementing this approach, such as how to optimally balance privacy and accuracy. Taken together, these results can help enable the responsible use of private mobility data in humanitarian response.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sagittal alignment to predict efficiency in pulsed radiofrequency for cervical facet joint pain.","authors":"Cheng-Yo Yen, Sheng-Min Lin, Hong Yu Chen, Shih-Wei Wang, Yu-Duan Tsai, Cien-Leong Chye, Te-Yuan Chen, Hao-Kuang Wang, Kuo-Wei Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79181-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79181-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neck pain due to cervical facet joint pain has a prevalence of 36-60% in chronic neck pain. Pulsed radiofrequency for such pain has been verified. After proper patient selection, pulsed radiofrequency of the cervical facet joints provide long-term pain relief in a routine clinical setting. In the patient selection, clinical and sagittal alignment parameters are rarely discussed for the outcome. In the present study, we analyzed the factors from the clinical data and sagittal alignment parameters and investigated the associated predictors of pulsed radiofrequency for cervical facet joint pain. There were 204 patients with cervical facet joint pain who received a medial branch block and pulsed radiofrequency between 2015 and 2020 after excluding patients with neurological symptoms and other confounding factors. The patients were classified into good and poor outcome groups based on the improvement of the pain score(visual analog scale). Clinical and radiological data were analyzed. Multivariable logistic model showed that the predictors were cervical lordosis including two methods (odds ratio [OR] 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89-0.96 for C2-C7 Cobb angle; OR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.88-0.95 for the angle measured by the Jackson method), ossification of the nuchal ligament, number of diseased facet joints, anterior cervical discectomy with fusion, and adjacent facet joint after anterior cervical discectomy with fusion. With the results, we demonstrated that the outcome were related to cervical lordosis including two methods, formation of ossification of nuchal ligament, the number of diseased facet joints, post anterior cervical discectomy with fusion, and adjacent facet joint post anterior cervical discectomy with fusion. The corresponding optimal cutoff for discriminating a poor outcome was 7° for the C2-C7 Cobb angle and - 2° for the angle measured using the Jackson method.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of coupling response characteristics of offshore monopiles, seabed, and waves in various sea conditions.","authors":"Hailin Ye, Yaojiang Fan, Wenjing Bai, Chuwei Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79858-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79858-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the global pursuit of renewable energy intensifies and the demand for offshore wind turbines rises, a comprehensive understanding of the coupling response characteristics of offshore monopiles, seabed, and waves in various sea conditions has become increasingly crucial. This paper reports on a wave flume experiment and seeks to contribute valuable insights by examining the coupling response of offshore monopiles, seabed, and waves exerting a relentless influence. The experimental results indicate that the impact of waves on monopiles is significant: there is greater pressure on the wave facing surface of the offshore piles than the other faces, and the pressure increases with increased wave height as well as the height of the monopile. The wave impact also gives rise to pile motion, squeezing the soil near the monopile and causing gradual pore water pressure around the monopile, and when the wave impact is strong enough, the monopile loses stability. Finally, the experimental results indicate significant differences in the coupling response characteristics of an offshore monopile, the seabed, and waves in various sea conditions. When the wave height was small, the pore water pressure attenuated quickly in the direction of the depth of the seabed; however, as the height and period of waves increased, when the test wave height was more than 18.6 cm and the period was more than 1.63 s, the dynamic pore water pressure around the monopile first decreased and then increased along the depth direction, which, generated by the wave impact, led to vibration and squeezing of the soil near the monopile leg. This indicates that the closer the pile bottom, the more intense the squeezing. By investigating this development across different sea conditions, this study provides a nuanced understanding that can inform the design of offshore monopiles in the face of various marine environmental challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the rock cutting performance and feasibility verification of small-scale rotary cutting test for disc cutter.","authors":"Zilong Yang, Yong Hu, Mingxu Xu, Hao Pang, Youpeng Gu, Baicheng Zheng","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-80059-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80059-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small-scale rock cutting tests serve as a simple approach to evaluate the performance of tunnel boring machines (TBMs), but the feasibility of this method requires further investigation. Herein, a small-scale rotary cutting machine is developed to conduct rock cutting tests, and the cutting performance is investigated. The results indicate that similar cutting performance can be achieved through both small-scale and full-scale tests. The critical penetration depth for effective rock cutting by the cutter is 0.5 mm, below which the cutter grinds against the rock. The optimal ratio of cutting spacing to penetration depth obtained in small-scale tests is 4.47. A result within the empirical range can be achieved by multiplying the optimal small-scale cutting parameters with the scale coefficient, demonstrating the feasibility of using small-scale tests to guide the design of cutter heads. Based on the test result, the scale prediction model is constructed to predict the full-scale cutting force. The predictive capability of the proposed model and CSM model is validated using 72 sets of full-scale test data involving the same types of rock, and the predictions of the proposed model are closer to the test data.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the nutritional value of honeybee drone larvae (Apis mellifera) through proteomic profiling.","authors":"Eliza Matuszewska-Mach, Kacper Packi, Natalia Rzetecka, Wojciech Wieliński, Zenon J Kokot, Dariusz Kowalczyk, Jan Matysiak","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79479-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79479-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a growing interest and demand for insect-based foods. Edible insects are rich in protein and other nutrients, making them valuable in the daily diet. However, their composition is not yet fully characterised. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse for the first time the qualitative proteome of honeybee (Apis mellifera) drone larvae using sophisticated sample preparation techniques and mass spectrometry. A total of 109 proteins were identified in the larvae. Of these, the largest plurality (38%) were enzymes. In addition, we identified proteins considered to be allergens - the cause of potentially dangerous effects after insect consumption. The results of the analyses may suggest that honeybee larvae are a protein-rich product, with over 100 unique proteins identified based on 1080 peptides. Enzymes indicate intensive development of the larvae. However, as well as nutritious compounds, honeybee larvae contain dangerous allergens. The composition of bee larvae needs to be further tested to make them safe for consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure mode and effects analysis-based strategies for controlling multidrug-resistant organism infections in cancer patients.","authors":"Chunlin Wu, Qingqing Tian, Hui Wang, Weiwei Yang, Anran Liu, Jiayang Tang, Xiaoyan Nie, Ruiying Pu, Qin Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-80282-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80282-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of advancing medical procedures, postoperative infections in cancer patients, particularly those involving multidrug-resistant organisms, have become a significant clinical concern. This study aims to comprehensively and systematically evaluate the effectiveness of infection prevention and control for multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in postoperative cancer patients using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). This study was conducted in a tertiary A-level cancer specialty hospital in China, employing Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to assess the risks of hospital infections. Intervention measures were implemented for high-risk and medium-high-risk factors. Through the hospital's infection information system, data on patients who underwent surgical treatment from 2017 to 2022 were extracted. Data from 2017 to 2019 served as the control group, and data from 2020 to 2022 as the intervention group, to compare the changes in hospital infection incidence and MDRO infection incidence before and after the intervention. Categorical data were described in terms of frequency and percentage. The chi-square test was utilized for statistical inference to assess the differences in infection rates before and after the intervention. Prior to the intervention (2017-2019), the incidence rate of hospital infections was 1.66%, which decreased to 1.22% after the intervention (2020-2022), showing a statistically significant difference (χ² = 48.83, P < 0.001). The incidence rate of MDRO infections also decreased from 1.808‰ before the intervention to 1.136‰ after the intervention, with a statistically significant difference (χ² = 11.417, P = 0.001). This study confirms the effectiveness of the FMEA method in preventing and controlling MDRO infections in postoperative cancer patients. It highlights the practicality and value of widespread adoption of this method, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating pathological levels of intracellular cholesterol through Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopies.","authors":"Enrico Baria, Caterina Dallari, Francesco Mattii, Francesco Saverio Pavone, Caterina Credi, Riccardo Cicchi, Amelia Morrone, Claudia Capitini, Martino Calamai","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-76621-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76621-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Versatile methods for the quantification of intracellular cholesterol are essential for understanding cellular physiology and for diagnosing disorders linked to cholesterol metabolism. Here we used Raman spectroscopy (RS) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to measure changes in cholesterol after incubating human fibroblasts with increasing concentrations of cholesterol-methyl-β-cyclodextrin. RS and SERS were sensitive and accurate enough to detect high levels of cholesterol in fibroblasts from patients affected by type C Niemann-Pick disease (NPC), a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the primary accumulation of cholesterol. Moreover, SERS was able to distinguish between fibroblasts from different NPC patients, demonstrating higher accuracy than RS and standard fluorescent labeling of cholesterol with filipin III. We show that the type of gold nanoparticles used as signal enhancer surfaces in our SERS measurements are internalized by the cells and are eventually found in lysosomes, the main site of accumulation of cholesterol in NPC fibroblasts. The higher sensitivity of SERS can thus be attributed to the specific trafficking of our gold nanoparticles into these organelles. Our results indicate that RS and SERS can be used as sensitive and accurate methods for the evaluation of intracellular cholesterol content, allowing for the potential development of an optical detection tool for the ex-vivo screening and monitoring of those diseases characterized by abnormal modification in cholesterol levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naphthoquinone-derived ZSW-4B induces apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer via AMPK signalling activation.","authors":"Xiyuan Hu, Hongdou Liu, Tiao Luo, Ling Chen, Ting Peng, Min Wen, Wensong Luo, Qunfang Xu, Yuanzhu Xie, Mo Li, Mingquan Liu, Xiaohe Liu, Suyou Liu, Shuaiwen Zhu, Zizheng Zou, Zhiyong Luo","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79592-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79592-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant molecular subtype of breast cancer and is characterized by aggressiveness, high mortality, significant heterogeneity, and poor prognosis. AMPK plays a critical role in maintaining the cellular energy balance, and its inactivation is associated with malignant breast cancer. Here, we identified the pharmacological mechanism of the 1,4-naphthoquinone derivative ZSW-4B. MTT, colony formation, and nude mouse xenograft tumour models demonstrated that ZSW-4B selectively inhibits the proliferation of TNBC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry and Western blot analysis revealed that ZSW-4B induces apoptosis in TNBC cells. Phosphoproteomic analysis revealed activation of the AMPK signalling pathway by ZSW-4B. Additionally, the application of the CRISPR-Cas9 system to genetically knockout AMPK in TNBC cell lines was demonstrated to reverse the antitumour effects elicited by ZSW-4B both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, ZSW-4B inhibits TNBC by inducing cellular apoptosis through the activation of AMPK.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of depression with severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence from the UK Biobank study and Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Xiaorui Zhou, Juan Liao, Li Liu, Yajing Meng, Dailan Yang, Xuehong Zhang, Lu Long","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79100-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79100-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between depression and severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been clearly defined. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study and a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the association of depression with severe NAFLD risk. We used individual data from the UK Biobank study with 481,181 participants, and summary data from published genome-wide association studies. The association between depression and severe NAFLD was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Two-sample MR for depression with NAFLD was conducted, the principal analysis employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach. In the observational study, after a median follow-up of 13.46 years, 4,563 participants had severe NAFLD. In multivariable-adjusted model, participants with depression had an increased risk of severe NAFLD (hazards ratio:1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.09-1.34), as compared to those without depression. In subgroup analyses, the association between depression and severe NAFLD risk was generally observed across different subgroups. For the MR, result also showed that genetically predicted depression was causally associated with a higher risk of NAFLD (odds ratio:1.55, 95%CI:1.10-2.19) in IVW. Our study revealed a prospective association of depression with severe NAFLD, thus potentially necessitating clinical monitoring of individuals with depression for severe NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"28561"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}