Yuxiu Liu, Wei Wu, Shuzhen Li, Xin Wang, Lan Zhang
{"title":"Exploring psychological distress among lung cancer patients through the stress system model.","authors":"Yuxiu Liu, Wei Wu, Shuzhen Li, Xin Wang, Lan Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-09847-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09847-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, often leads to anxiety, fear and other psychological distress due to its poor prognosis, treatment challenges, and financial burden. Prolonged distress may progress to depression or other mental health disorders, adversely affecting patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes. This study examines the prevalence and determinants of psychological distress in lung cancer patients, offering a theoretical basis for timely clinical interventions. This cross-sectional study applied the stress system model to analyze 435 conveniently sampled lung cancer patients in three Chinese tertiary hospitals from September 2023 to February 2024. Data were collected using the Distress Thermometer (DT), Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and Type D Personality Scale (DS14). Statistical analysis, conducted with SPSS 25.0, utilized univariate, correlation, and binary logistic regression analyses to systematically explore the interrelationships and influence mechanisms of these factors on psychological distress from a holistic stress system model perspective. Among 435 lung cancer patients, 52.87% experienced psychological distress (DT = 4.24 ± 2.356). Significant risk factors (P < 0.05) included age, occupational status, family monthly income, payment method, avoidance coping style, symptoms and type D personality. As the detection rate of psychological distress in lung cancer patients is high, clinical staff should dynamically observe the psychological changes of lung cancer patients, do a good job in screening and stratified management of psychological distress, and provide interpersonal psychological guidance to establish a positive mindset, so as to reduce the negative emotions of patients, and to improve the quality of life of patients' health-related issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency.","authors":"Yuting Yang, Weimin He, Jingqiang Li, Jinhui Wang, Yuyan Tang, Haitao Shang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-05411-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05411-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to refine sterile cesarean section techniques, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and foster mother selection strategies to enhance the efficiency of germ-free (GF) mouse production. We conducted the following analyses: (1) comparing different cesarean section methods, (2) evaluating the impact of natural mating versus in vitro fertilization (IVF) for obtaining donor mice, and (3) assessing maternal care among three inbred strains (C57BL/6J, BALB/c, NSG) and one outbred strain (KM) as GF foster mothers. The results showed that optimizing surgical methods which preserve the female reproductive tract during cesarean section (FRT-CS), significantly improved fetal survival rates while maintaining sterility. IVF enabled precise control over donor delivery dates, enhancing experimental reproducibility. Among GF foster strains, BALB/c and NSG mice exhibited superior nursing and weaning success, whereas C57BL/6J had the lowest weaning rate, in stark contrast to findings on maternal care in SPF C57BL/6J foster mothers. These findings offer practical guidance for optimizing GF mouse production, improving the efficiency of obtaining germ-free mice through cesarean derivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on multi-objective optimization design for high-precision turning-milling machine tool bed based on taguchi method -FEA.","authors":"Hongyi Wu, Haozhen Li, Xuanyi Wang, Junshou Yang, Runze Jiang, Xiaolei Deng, Jianchen Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-13263-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13263-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a high-precision machining equipment, the turning-milling machine tool requires its bed structure the primary load-bearing component to exhibit excellent dynamic and static characteristics that significantly influence machining accuracy and efficiency. To ensure machining precision, this paper proposes a multi-objective collaborative optimization design methodology integrating Finite Element Analysis(FEA) and Taguchi Method. This approach employs FEA technology to obtain the static and dynamic characteristics of the machine tool bed(MTB) structure, followed by multi-objective collaborative optimization using Taguchi Method to achieve comprehensive performance enhancement. Compared with the traditional research methods for optimizing machine tool beds, the FEA technology can handle more complex geometric shapes and boundary conditions, improve the accuracy and reliability of data, and enhance the optimization efficiency through the Taguchi method, achieving multi-objective joint optimization. Comparative analysis demonstrates that the optimized structure achieves 5.14% reduction in maximum deformation, 1.75% decrease in mass, and 1.04% improvement in fourth-order natural frequency. The results validate the effectiveness of this design methodology in achieving efficient MTB optimization for turning-milling machine tools, simultaneously enhancing dynamic-static performance while realizing lightweight design. This research provides valuable references for advancing precision improvement and green manufacturing research in turning-milling machine tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natasha Y S Kawata, Takashi X Fujisawa, Kai Makita, Akiko Yao, Hidehiko Okazawa, Akemi Tomoda
{"title":"White matter microstructure abnormalities in children experiencing neglect without other forms of maltreatment.","authors":"Natasha Y S Kawata, Takashi X Fujisawa, Kai Makita, Akiko Yao, Hidehiko Okazawa, Akemi Tomoda","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-13363-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13363-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood maltreatment can disrupt brain development, leading to vulnerabilities in white matter (WM) microstructure, compromised brain integrity, and various psychiatric disorders. Among different forms of maltreatment, neglect is the most common; however, limited data exist on its specific impact on the brain. This study utilized diffusion tensor imaging to examine WM microstructure differences between neglected children without other types of maltreatment (Neglect, n = 21) and typically developing controls (TD, n = 106). Additionally, the study explored the relationship between WM microstructure alterations and psychosocial problems observed in neglected children. Neglected children exhibited larger axial diffusion (AD) in regions such as the right corticospinal tract (R.CST), right superior longitudinal fasciculus (R.SLF), and left cingulum (L.CG) compared to typically developing children. Increased AD in the R.CST, L.CG, and R.SLF was associated with conduct problems. These findings suggest that alterations in WM microstructure contributed to behavioral symptoms in neglected children.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachit Saluja, Jacob Rosenthal, Annika Windon, Yoav Artzi, David J Pisapia, Benjamin L Liechty, Mert R Sabuncu
{"title":"Cancer type, stage and prognosis assessment from pathology reports using LLMs.","authors":"Rachit Saluja, Jacob Rosenthal, Annika Windon, Yoav Artzi, David J Pisapia, Benjamin L Liechty, Mert R Sabuncu","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-10709-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10709-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant promise across various natural language processing tasks. However, their application in the field of pathology, particularly for extracting meaningful insights from unstructured medical texts such as pathology reports, remains underexplored and not well quantified. In this project, we leverage state-of-the-art language models, including the GPT family, Mistral models, and the open-source Llama models, to evaluate their performance in comprehensively analyzing pathology reports. Specifically, we assess their performance in cancer type identification, AJCC stage determination, and prognosis assessment, encompassing both information extraction and higher-order reasoning tasks. Based on a detailed analysis of their performance metrics in a zero-shot setting, we developed two instruction-tuned models: Path-llama3.1-8B and Path-GPT-4o-mini-FT. These models demonstrated superior performance in zero-shot cancer type identification, staging, and prognosis assessment compared to the other models evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between vitamin D receptor FokI gene polymorphism and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ethiopian population.","authors":"Addisu Melake, Endalech Nakachew","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-12355-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12355-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D receptor genes, including FokI gene polymorphisms, have been widely studied and shown to be associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in various populations. The objective of this study was to determine the association between vitamin D receptor FokI gene polymorphisms and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Seventy type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 70 healthy controls participated in an age- and sex-matched hospital-based case-control study. We assessed demographic data to determine the related risk factors. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from blood samples and subjected to polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis analysis to determine the FokI genotypes. Both the FokI ff genotype (odds ratio 3.16; 95% confidence level 1.25-7.75; P = 0.012) and f allele (odds ratio 2.21; 95% confidence level 1.35-3.62; P = 0.0015) were substantially more prevalent in patients than in controls, suggesting that they may be risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The findings point to a potential link between FokI gene polymorphisms and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ethiopian population under study.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of abiotic and biotic elicitors on tomato resistance to tomato brown rugose fruit virus.","authors":"Razieh Zohoursoleimani, Milad Aeini, Mohamad Hamed Ghodoum Parizipour","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-13578-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13578-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has become a major threat to global tomato production, causing significant economic losses. Due to the limited efficacy of conventional control methods, alternative strategies are urgently needed. This study evaluated the effects of biotic and abiotic elicitors-including bacterial polysaccharides from Pseudomonas fluorescens 1442 and Burkholderia gladioli G15, salicylic acid (SA), and mechanical wounding-on resistance induction in tomato plants infected with ToBRFV. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under controlled environmental conditions, using a completely randomized design with seven treatments and five replicates. Bacterial elicitors were applied via foliar spray in two applications at one-week intervals; a 0.5 mM SA solution was similarly applied, and mechanical wounding was induced using a sterile punch. Disease severity was visually assessed at pre-flowering, flowering, and fruiting stages. Defense responses were evaluated by measuring the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), as well as the expression of defense-related genes, Pathogenesis-Related Protein 1b (PR1b), Coronatine-Insensitive Protein 1 (COI1), and Nonexpressor of PR Genes 1 (NPR1), using qRT-PCR. The results indicated that the combined P. fluorescens and B. gladioli (P + B) treatment significantly enhanced defense enzyme activities, upregulated gene expression, and reduced symptom severity more effectively than individual treatments. Additionally, the combined elicitor treatment improved plant growth parameters, suggesting a synergistic effect that offers a promising strategy for ToBRFV management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wojciech Gołębiowski, Rafał Krakowski, Grzegorz Zając
{"title":"Degradation of anti-wear additives and tribological properties of engine oils at extended oil change intervals in city buses.","authors":"Wojciech Gołębiowski, Rafał Krakowski, Grzegorz Zając","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-12480-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12480-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents the results of combined tribological and physicochemical studies of engine oils used in Autosan Sancity M12LF city buses at various mileages exceeding the manufacturer's recommended oil change interval (60,000 km). Semi-synthetic oil of ACEA E4, E7, SAE 10W-40 class was analyzed, with samples taken from five buses with different degrees of interval exceedance (- 19% to + 35%). To address outlier influence, both classical Pearson and a more robust Spearman's rank correlations were applied. While Pearson correlation suggested a very strong relationship (r = - 0.9946) between sulfur content and wear scar diameter, Spearman's robust method confirmed a strong but more reliable association (r = - 0.810), indicating that classical correlation was inflated by outliers. A potential relationship was demonstrated between the degree of oil change interval exceedance and degradation of phosphate anti-wear additives. Anti-wear additive degradation follows a non-linear pattern and accelerates with successive exceedances of the recommended change interval. A degradation thresholds were identified: oil degradation becomes more pronounced after exceeding the interval by 10,000-15,000 km, while exceeding by more than 15,000-20,000 km results in potentialy increased engine component wear and elevated failure risk. The content of abrasive metals (Fe, Cu) in used oils significantly increased compared to fresh oil, with particularly high iron concentration (131.67 ppm) observed in the sample with the greatest interval exceedance. After exceeding the interval by 20,000 km, phosphate anti-wear additive depletion was 73% higher than when exceeding by 5000 km. The research results provide important information for bus fleet operators, allowing more precise determination of engine oil change intervals, which translates into extended engine life and reduced operating costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Destination image of China's National parks from a stakeholder perspective.","authors":"Qiu Jingpei, Xie ZiXuan, Zhang Conglin","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-09920-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09920-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China's national parks are notably complex in global destination image building due to the \"ecological protection first\" principle, community embeddedness, and multi-stakeholder participation. Using Wuyishan National Park as a case, this study integrates text mining and grounded theory to examine: (1) destination image stakeholders, (2) interest-driven representation mechanisms, (3) systemic perception disparities, and (4) coordinated optimization pathways. The study reveals that tourists have a profound natural landscape experience but superficial cultural perception, and are sensitive to costs and management issues; residents benefit from tourism but are troubled by regional imbalances and lifestyle restrictions; enterprises seek economic benefits yet face policy constraints; the government emphasizes ecological protection and systematic governance; and non-profit organizations focus on ecological and cultural protection but are resource-constrained. This study develops a comprehensive evaluation method that integrates the perspectives of all stakeholders. Theoretically, it enriches the theoretical system of national park destination images and offers new research angles and empirical supplements to the literature. Practically, it provides collaborative image management paths for Wuyishan and experience for global national parks to balance protection and utilization in destination image building and enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification and validation of biomarkers associated with glycolysis in polycystic ovarian syndrome.","authors":"Rongyan Zhu, Xiao Yu, Yulan Li","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-11591-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11591-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an endocrine disorder emerging in adolescence and reproductive years, has been linked to glycolysis in prior studies, though the precise mechanistic role of glycolysis in its pathogenesis remains unclear. Therefore, this study sought to identify glycolysis-related biomarkers in PCOS and elucidate their regulatory mechanisms to provide novel therapeutic strategies. Utilizing publicly available datasets, biomarkers were identified via differential analysis, various PPI algorithms, and validation of expression patterns. Subsequent analyses included functional enrichment, tissue and cell-specific expression profiling, m6A modification site prediction, compound screening, molecular network construction, and molecular docking. RT-qPCR was performed on clinical samples for experimental validation. Two biomarkers, TXNIP and TGFBI, were identified and jointly enriched in \"complement and coagulation cascades\". TXNIP showed elevated expression in tongue and endocrine cells, whereas TGFBI was highly expressed in placental and adipocyte tissues. TGFBI had 14 high-confidence m6A modification sites and TXNIP had 1 high-confidence m6A modification site. The identified regulatory networks included hsa-miR-6761-5p-TXNIP-PPARG and hsa-miR-6761-5p-TGFBI-RB1. Four key compounds-acetaminophen, bisphenol A, tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, and valproic acid-were prioritized, with molecular docking revealing strongest binding affinities between bisphenol A and both biomarkers (TXNIP: -5.9 kcal/mol; TGFBI: -13.1 kcal/mol). RT-qPCR validation in granulosa cells from PCOS patients confirmed significant upregulation of TGFBI and TXNIP, aligning with bioinformatics predictions. These findings suggest that TXNIP and TGFBI may serve as potential biomarkers associated with glycolytic dysregulation in PCOS, offering insights into the interplay between metabolic dysfunction and disease mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"27199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}