Scientific Reports最新文献

{"title":"Novel Er³⁺/Nd³⁺-doped borofluoride glass materials for NIR optical fiber applications with suitable thermal and mechanical properties.","authors":"Mona A El Naggar, Aly Saeed, Heba A Gohra","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-67626-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-67626-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To advance the performance of broadband optical fiber communication systems, a novel borofluoride-based glass system with the composition 60B₂O₃-20Pb₃O₄-10MgF₂-10LiF (BPML) was synthesized and accordingly investigated. The base glass was doped with 1 mol% of Er³⁺, Nd³⁺, or their combination to produce BPML: RE³⁺ glass series. Glass structural analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD), bulk density measurements, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the amorphous nature of the glasses, indicating increased network compactness upon rare-earth doping, particularly with Er³⁺. The thermal properties were investigated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), revealing enhanced thermal stability across all synthesized doped glass samples. Furthermore, the theoretical estimation of the mechanical characterization, including predicted elastic moduli and hardness using the Makishima-Mackenzie model, showed rigidity improvements with the incorporation of RE³⁺. Optical absorption spectra recorded over the 400-1600 nm range reveal characteristic transitions of Er³⁺ and Nd³⁺, with co-doped samples displaying broader absorption bands, indicative of potential for wideband signal amplification. The photoluminescence studies under 773 nm excitation have demonstrated near-infrared (NIR) emission centered at 1.55 μm ([Formula: see text]Hz). The co-doped synthesized samples have exhibited enhanced emission intensity, indicating efficient energy transfer. The present work results show that the synthesized samples, doped with Er³⁺, Nd³⁺, or their combination, exhibit an optimal balance of thermal stability, mechanical robustness, and broadband NIR emission. Evidently, the synthesized glass samples achieve a high-quality factor of ([Formula: see text]), underscoring their potential for high-performance broadband applications. These properties position the proposed samples as a promising material for the fabrication of NIR optical fibers for communication benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3C promotes glioma progression by mediating the ubiquitination and degrading of Annexin A7.","authors":"Si-Jian Pan, Shi-Kun Zhan, Wei-Zhong Ji, Yi-Xin Pan, Wei Liu, Dian-You Li, Peng Huang, Xiao-Xiao Zhang, Chun-Yan Cao, Jing Zhang, Liu-Guan Bian, Bomin Sun, Qing-Fang Sun","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-70397-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-70397-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive study on gear oil modified with lignin-cellulose nanofibers: rheological and tribological response.","authors":"Galal Sherif, Ahmed Nabhan, Esraa M Abd Elsadek, Mohamed Ali","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-69723-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-69723-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tribological, rheological, and acoustic performance of gear oil dispersed with lignin-cellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) are examined. Samples were performed with loading content of 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%. The morphological and structural characterization of the LCNFs was confirmed using AFM, SEM, XRD, and FT-IR evaluations. The results revealed a substantial reduction in COF and wear rate at best loading content, with 0.5% by weight LCNFs, by up to 42% and 25.5%, respectively. Vibration and sound pressure level measurements showed significant damping behavior, with reductions of 18-25% at low and optimal loading level. Surface analyses of worn specimens (3D topography and SEM) confirmed the formation of a protective LCNF tribo-film at optimal dispersion, while excessive loadings above 0.5% by weight LCNFs resulted in abrasive features associated with particle clustering. In summary, LCNFs seem to be a very promising and fundamental ingredient in gear oil. The evolution of highly effective and sustainable nano-lubricants is highlighted by the potential to improve dynamic response, lower wear and friction, and increase viscosity stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-THREAT framework for adaptive and explainable deep learning-based minority-class and zero-day cyber threat detection.","authors":"Samina Naz Qaisarani, Sahar K Badri, Asad Khattak, Daniyal M Alghazzawi, Mohammed Yahya Alghamdi, Mona Alkhozae, Abeer Almakky, Rania M Alhazmi, Muhammad Zubair Asghar","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-63529-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-63529-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dynamic nature of cyber threats-particularly minority-class and zero-day attacks-poses significant challenges to existing intrusion detection systems (IDS), which often lack adaptability, interpretability, and robustness. This paper presents X-THREAT, an adaptive and explainable deep learning framework designed to improve detection of rare and previously unseen cyber threats. Unlike prior approaches that treat detection, augmentation, and explainability separately, X-THREAT integrates these components within a unified pipeline. A hybrid VAE-GAN module enhances minority-class representation during training, while a CNN-BiLSTM-attention model performs threat detection, and a context-aware SHAP mechanism provides interpretable insights into model decisions. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets-CICIDS2017, UNSW-NB15, and ToN-IoT-show that X-THREAT consistently outperforms representative deep learning baselines. The model achieves 96.3% accuracy and 95.5% F1-score on CICIDS2017, 94.1% accuracy and 92.5% F1-score on UNSW-NB15, and 93.2% accuracy and 91.5% F1-score on ToN-IoT, along with improved minority-class recall and reduced false positive rates. AUC-ROC values of 0.97, 0.95, and 0.94 further demonstrate strong discriminative capability. Zero-day detection capability is evaluated using a leave-one-attack-class-out protocol, and interpretability is assessed through fidelity analysis and comparison with static SHAP and LIME methods. Results indicate consistent performance across independently evaluated datasets, suggesting potential for generalization. From a deployment perspective, computationally intensive components are restricted to offline training, while inference relies on the detection model with optional explanation. However, latency, resource usage, and edge deployment feasibility were not explicitly benchmarked and remain important directions for future work. Overall, X-THREAT provides a robust and interpretable framework for modern intrusion detection, with improved performance on minority-class and zero-day threat scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extrapancreatic extension exhibits tumor size-dependent prognostic impact in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Jun Zhou, Xiaolin Dou, Wei Wei, Hongqin Jiang, Ling Tang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-60797-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-60797-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal malignancy requiring precise prognostic stratification. Although extrapancreatic extension (EPE) was removed from the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition staging system in favor of size-based classification, emerging evidence suggests EPE retains prognostic relevance. This population-based study analyzed 22,045 patients with surgically resected PDAC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2022) to evaluate EPE's prognostic significance and its interaction with tumor size. EPE was present in 78.0% of patients and independently predicted worse disease-specific survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-1.35). Notably, the prognostic impact of EPE varied nonlinearly with tumor size, exerting a stronger effect on smaller tumors. A modest but significant negative multiplicative interaction was identified (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.79-0.98), suggesting that patients with small EPE-positive tumors exhibited survival comparable to those with larger EPE-negative tumors. These findings were consistent across competing risk analyses. This study demonstrates that EPE remains an important prognostic factor in PDAC, with its effect modulated by tumor size. These results suggest that EPE assessment may warrant consideration in future postoperative staging and risk-stratification frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary index for gut microbiota (DIGM) and cardiometabolic, inflammatory, and gut-brain-related biomarkers in adults with obesity: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Amr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy, Ismail Kandil, Safa Labib, Ihab M Abdelrahim, Mansuor A Alanazi, Marwah Suliman Maashi, Mona Ahmed Alzahrani, Hussam Ghurman Alshehri, Kateryna Dykalo, Aya Ahmed Fathy","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-71219-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-71219-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background The gut microbiota plays an important role in metabolic homeostasis and systemic inflammation, and dietary habits are major determinants of its composition and function. This study investigated the association between adherence to the Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DIGM) and cardiometabolic, inflammatory, and gut microbiota-related biomarkers in adults with obesity. Methods In this cross-sectional study conducted from January to December 2025, 637 adults with obesity aged 20-55 years were recruited from clinics affiliated with Mansoura University, Egypt, through clinic-based recruitment and public advertisements. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the DIGM score was calculated based on predefined favorable and unfavorable dietary components according to the original scoring framework. Participants were categorized into tertiles according to their DIGM score. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, glycemic indices, lipid profile, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, physical activity, dietary energy intake, education, occupation, marital status, and history of depression. Results Higher DIGM adherence was associated with lower SBP and higher high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) after multivariable adjustment. Participants in the highest DIGM tertile showed lower circulating LPS and CRP concentrations and higher BDNF levels compared with lower tertiles (all adjusted P < 0.001). In multivariable linear regression models adjusted for confounders, higher DIGM scores were independently associated with lower SBP (β = -0.057; 95% CI: -0.011 to - 0.006), higher HDL-C (β = 0.100; 95% CI: 0.004 to 0.011), higher BDNF (β = 0.504; 95% CI: 0.295 to 0.407), and lower LPS (β = -0.468; 95% CI: -0.208 to - 0.146) and CRP (β = -0.048; 95% CI: -0.028 to - 0.003). Conclusion Greater adherence to the DIGM was independently associated with a more favorable inflammatory profile, higher circulating BDNF concentrations, lower LPS and CRP levels, and lower blood pressure among adults with obesity. These findings suggest that dietary patterns characterized by higher DIGM adherence may be associated with cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles. Further prospective studies incorporating direct assessment of gut microbiota composition, microbial metabolites, and clinical outcomes are warranted to clarify the underlying mechanisms and temporal relationships. Keywords: Gut microbiota, Diet score, Obesity, Inflammation, Blood pressure, BDNF, Metabolic profile, Cardiometabolic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of traps and rodenticide baits in field studies with house mice (Mus musculus).","authors":"Nicole Klemann, Stefan Endepols","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-69150-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-69150-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of trapping and subsequent rodenticide baiting for house mouse (Mus musculus) control under field conditions. Three field trials were conducted, with pre- and post-treatment feeding and tracking censuses used to estimate control success. Trapping alone reduced feeding census values by 69% from 159 to 49 g at Site 1, 40% (344 g/208 g) at Site 2, and 58% (194 g/82 g) at Site 3. Tracking censuses confirmed similar reductions (44-67%). Trapping was most effective in the lower infestation levels and where food availability was limited. The choice of lure strongly influenced performance: peanut butter consistently outperformed synthetic attractants. Subsequent brodifacoum baiting achieved 90-100% control of the remaining mouse populations across all sites. All trapped mice were found dead at daily checks; the majority were caught by the neck indicating generally swift kills, although some captures involved the chest or abdomen. Non-target captures were negligible. These findings demonstrate that while snap traps can substantially reduce mouse infestations, their success depends on infestation size, food availability, and bait type. Integrated use of rodenticide baiting remains necessary to achieve > 90% control under field conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutual wellbeing in an equine-assisted intervention: experimental evidence for the two-way hypothesis and the importance of interaction method.","authors":"Claire J M Short, Rebecca M Calisi","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-65168-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-65168-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising rates of mental health disorders have increased demand for scalable, non-pharmacological interventions. Interactions with animals can improve emotional wellbeing across diverse populations, yet the mechanisms responsible for these benefits remain poorly understood. Most research focuses on human outcomes while treating the animal as a passive component of the interaction, despite human-animal interactions being inherently reciprocal. We therefore propose the Two-Way Hypothesis, which predicts that human behavior shapes animal behavior, which in turn contributes to variation in human emotional outcomes. We experimentally tested this hypothesis in 61 adolescents who participated in standardized interactions with miniature equines (horses and donkeys) under manipulated tactile conditions (petting or scratching). Emotional state was assessed before and after the interaction, and equine behavioral responses were recorded during the interaction. Scratching increased affiliative lip-wiggling behavior and reduced voluntary disengagement (walking away) compared with petting. In turn, observing lip wiggling predicted greater reductions in loneliness, whereas observing walking away predicted greater reductions in sadness. These findings provide experimental support for the Two-Way Hypothesis, demonstrating that human interaction style can influence animal behavior and that this behavioral variation corresponds to differences in human emotional outcomes. This framework provides a tractable basis for investigating the mechanisms underlying animal-assisted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turning wood waste into high-value nanocellulose for sustainable agriculture environmental remediation and wound healing applications.","authors":"Eman Tawfik, Nada Osama, Mohamed Tayel","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-69470-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-69470-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wood processing industries generate staggering volumes of sawdust and residues. This research created a new way to turn wood waste into valuable resources, solving both environmental problems and agricultural challenges. Through step-by-step valorization pathways, sawdust was reused as a soil enhancer and processed into functional cellulose particles using chemical treatments-alkali digestion, peroxide bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. Characterization tests included: Zeta potential and size, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and FT-IR. The zeta size showed nanocellulose populations at 95.82 nm and submicron cellulose (412.0 nm), with FT-IR spectroscopy proved they kept their natural structure by showing distinct hydroxyl (3339 cm⁻¹), hydrocarbon (2926 cm⁻¹), and glycosidic bond (1031 cm⁻¹) signatures. Scanning electron microscopy visualized the morphological transition from raw wood shavings to nano/micro-scale cellulose fibrils. This study used wood waste in four applications: water conservation, agriculture enhancement, bioremediation and medical wound healing. Sawdust reveals high water conservation within its particles due to high porosity on its surface. In agronomic trials with barley plant, the soil mixed with cellulose particles (S + C) significantly enhanced root development (11.5 cm) while keeping robust shoot elongation (23.5 cm), though sawdust-enriched soil (S + W) unexpectedly contained the highest leaf protein concentration (149.14 µg/mL). Genetic analysis confirmed all treatments induced low DNA variants, proving genomic safety. The polymorphism percentage from RAPD-PCR was 22.5%, while the polymorphism of SCoT-PCR was 13.7%. The extracted cellulose particles worked well in environmental remediation, reducing synthetic dye concentrations, and accelerated wound healing in cellular models. This work serves to achieve about seven goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to food, health, environment and climatic changes: SDG 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 13 and 15.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic disparities in survival among follicular lymphoma patients.","authors":"Susanne von Kroge, Carsten Bokemeyer, Olaf von dem Knesebeck, Fabian Tetzlaff, Alice Nennecke, Annemarie Schultz, Henrik Kusche, Frederik Peters","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-68993-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-68993-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within a universal healthcare system, the prognostic influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on survival in follicular lymphoma (FL) remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a nationwide, population-based analysis linking cancer registry data with regional SES indicators. Data from patients diagnosed with FL between 2013 and 2023 with mortality follow-up until the end of 2024 were obtained from the German Center for Cancer Registry and linked to the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD) at the district level, which comprises indicators of education, employment, and income. The primary endpoint was relative survival (RS) and secondary endpoint overall survival (OS), comparing patients from low-, middle-, and high-SES districts (categories based on official GISD quintiles). In total, 36 622 FL patients from 400 districts were included. At five years about 80% in female patients and about 77% in male patients were alive. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, females and males in high-SES districts had a 16% and 19% lower excess mortality risk than those in low-SES districts. Further adjustment for degree of urbanity, access to certified centers and a proxy for health-related lifestyle and comorbidities attenuated these differentials considerably. In this first study in a universal healthcare context, SES was an important determinant of survival among FL patients. Proxies for degree of urbanity, access to healthcare and comorbidity at the district-level appeared to account for a substantial part of these differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}