Scientific Reports最新文献

{"title":"Reinforcement learning-driven task migration for effective temperature management in 3D noc systems.","authors":"Jingyi Tang, Jun Hong","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-96335-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96335-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of multi-core systems necessitates effective thermal and reliability control strategies to improve system dependability. The rise in power density and heat hotspots in multi-core systems presents considerable problems to reliability and performance. Current methodologies frequently lack scalability and do not account for long-term dependability effects. Notwithstanding its multiple benefits, 3D stacking elevates the power density per unit area of the chip, hence raising the chip temperature and introducing new problems. The rise in temperature will result in diminished dependability and performance decline, thus necessitating the construction of thermal management algorithms for these systems. This study presents an algorithm for this goal that is based on task migration. Choosing the migration destination for tasks on hot cores is a Complete-NP problem that can be addressed via heuristic approaches. We have employed Reinforcement Learning in the proposed strategy for this purpose. In selecting the migration location, we have also taken into account the migration overhead alongside the core temperature. The evaluation findings demonstrate that this strategy can decrease the maximum chip temperature by as much as 31% for the core with the highest task load, while its effect on performance is minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural and transcriptomic characterization of trabecular bone in idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.","authors":"Laura Saldaña, Gema Vallés, Nuria Vilaboa, Eduardo García-Rey","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-96726-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96726-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate whether idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is associated with alterations in the microstructure, histological characteristics, and transcriptomic signature in the trabecular region of the femoral head. For this purpose, we obtained trabecular bone explants from the femoral head and the intertrochanteric region of patients with idiopathic ONFH and age- matched patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA). Trabecular bone from the femoral head of ONFH patients showed lower trabecular thickness, bone volume fraction and degree of anisotropy, and a higher percentage of empty lacunae than bone samples from the intertrochanteric region of the same patients and from the femoral head of the OA group. The transcriptome analysis identified a substantial number of genes exclusively regulated in the femoral head of ONFH patients. Among these genes, we found that those highly expressed around the necrotic lesion were involved in cell division and immune response. By contrast, downregulated genes were mainly involved in cell adhesion, angiogenesis and bone formation, such as those encoding collagen type I, bone sialoprotein and several bone morphogenetic proteins. These data add new insights into mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of idiopathic ONFH.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11999"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of anti-VZV IgG levels on Parkinson's disease risk and progression: a Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Jinxing Sun, Xiangchen Li, Shengmei Ma, Haopeng Lin, Zhenke Li, Junheng Jia, Yasaman Alizadeh, Qianqian Wu, Ying Hou, Hong Wang, Qi Wang, Guangjian Zhang, Xingang Li, Weiguo Li, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-96382-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96382-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research suggests a potential link between varicella zoster virus (VZV) and Parkinson's disease (PD), but the causal relationship between anti-VZV IgG levels and PD is not well understood. Using two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR), we assessed the causal impact of anti-VZV IgG levels on PD risk and progression. Our study found a significant association between higher anti-VZV IgG levels and an increased risk of PD. For PD progression, higher anti-VZV IgG levels were linked to a greater risk of constipation, insomnia, and Restless Legs. These findings remained consistent after sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, our study suggests that elevated anti-VZV IgG levels may contribute to an increased risk and progression of PD, supporting a potential causal link that warrants further mechanistic investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in defensive and exploratory behaviors across a rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus × viridis) hybrid zone in Southwestern new Mexico.","authors":"Dylan W Maag, Yannick Z Francioli, Matthew T H Goetz, Lea N Sanders, Xochitl Lopez, Todd A Castoe, Gordon W Schuett, Rulon W Clark","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-96155-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96155-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies on animal temperaments (consistent differences in behaviors across contexts) and behavioral syndromes (suites of correlated behaviors across contexts) have surged in recent decades. Accordingly, behavioral ecologists have gained greater appreciation for their evolutionary role and significance. Yet, despite their importance as potential evolutionary drivers, research focused on temperament and syndromes in shaping hybridization events is vastly understudied. Case studies have shown that hybridization has multiple effects on these phenomena, such as eliminating syndromes present in parental lineages and generating novel syndromes within hybrids. Here, we assessed temperament and syndromes in a naturally occurring rattlesnake hybrid zone (Crotalus scutulatus × viridis). We used laboratory behavioral assays to quantify defensive and explorative behaviors, and tested whether these traits were correlated with spatial and hunting behaviors of free-ranging individuals. C. viridis was more significantly more prone to rattle than C. scutulatus during handling tests. Similarly, hybrid individuals that had a greater proportion of their genome derived from C. viridis were also more prone to rattle. Parental and hybrid snakes exhibited varying syndromes in defensiveness and exploratory behaviors, yet further research is necessary to determine whether they impact hybrid fitness by creating mismatches between temperaments and predation pressures under natural conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11989"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of planting patterns on physicochemical properties, metabolites and microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil in perennial cultivated grassland.","authors":"Xiaofang Zhang, Chunping Zhang, Yuzhen Liu, Lian Huo, Zengzeng Yang, Yongshang Tong, Xue Zhang, Zehang Yu, Xiaoxia Yang, Quan Cao, Quanmin Dong","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-94366-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94366-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Establishing perennial cultivated grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau helps address the seasonal imbalance of forage resources and supports the restoration of degraded grasslands. The most common planting patterns-monocropping and mixed cropping-are well-studied in terms of vegetation structure, productivity, and soil nutrients. Despite their significance, the influence of prolonged planting practices on underground soil microbial communities and metabolites has often been neglected. In this study, two characteristic plants, Festuca sinensis 'Qinghai' and Poa pratensis 'Qinghai', from the area around Qinghai Lake were selected as the experimental subjects by employing 16 S and ITS sequencing methods in conjunction with non-targeted metabolomics analysis. The effects of planting patterns (monocropping and mixed cropping) on rhizosphere soil characteristics, metabolites and microbial community structure were examined. The results showed that compared with monocropping, mixed cropping significantly increased the contents of soil nutrients and key metabolites. In addition, it had a greater impact on fungal diversity than bacterial diversity, particularly in terms of β-diversity. While microbial α-diversity and dominant phyla remained stable, soil fungi were more responsive to changes in soil properties and metabolites. These results show that the new niche differentiation between different species in mixed grassland stimulates the secretion of trehalose and valine, which further affects the fungal community structure and enhances the soil nutrients and ecological functions of degraded grasslands. These findings will guide the restoration of degraded grasslands around Qinghai Lake and the selection of planting strategies to improve local sustainable grassland productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"12047"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A keyword-based approach to analyzing scientific research trends: ReRAM present and future.","authors":"Hyeon Kim, Seong Hun Kim, Jaeseon Kim, Eun Ho Kim, Jun Hyeong Gu, Donghwa Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-93423-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93423-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research trend analysis is a primary step in defining research structures and predicting research directions from scientific papers. Recently, due to millions of annual scientific publications, researchers demand analytical methods to interpret the research field topologically and temporally. In this study, we propose a keyword-based research trend analysis method that automatically and systematically analyzes the research field by extracting keywords and constructing a keyword network. We verified our method on the resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) research field, which is in the limelight as an alternative device for non-volatile memory and artificial synapses. Our method performs three sequential processes: article collection, keyword extraction, and research structuring. We identified three keyword communities of ReRAM based on the processing-structure-property-performance (PSPP) relationship and found an upward trend in Neuromorphic applications. As a result, our method successfully structures the ReRAM research field and is expected to provide detailed insights into various research fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"12011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tardive dyskinesia drug target VMAT-2 participates in neuronal process elongation.","authors":"Miki Ishida, Ryuya Ichikawa, Katsuya Ohbuchi, Hiroaki Oizumi, Yuki Miyamoto, Junji Yamauchi","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-97308-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97308-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tardive dyskinesia involves involuntary movements of body parts and is often observed in individuals taking antipsychotics for extended periods. Initial treatment strategies include reducing medication dosage, switching medications, or using drugs to suppress symptoms. One of the therapeutic targets for tardive dyskinesia is vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT-2, also known as solute carrier family 18 member A2 [SLC18A2]), which functions as an energy-dependent transporter of monoamines. The therapeutic drugs are used during adulthood, when neurons are maturing. For the first time, we report that treatment with a chemical VMAT-2 inhibitor reduces neuronal process elongation, a phenomenon commonly observed during development. Treatment with the inhibitors reserpine or tetrabenazine decreased process elongation in primary cortical neurons, and similar results were obtained in N1E-115 neuronal model cells undergoing process elongation. Knockdown of VMAT-2 using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas13-fitted guide RNA also reduced process elongation. However, treatment with reserpine or tetrabenazine did not affect the morphology of mature processes. Notably, treatment with hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid with neuroprotective effects, was able to restore the reduced process elongation induced by these inhibitors or VMAT-2 knockdown. The underlying molecular mechanism appeared to involve neuronal differentiation-related Akt kinase signaling. These results suggest that VMAT-2, as a drug target for tardive dyskinesia, plays a key role in process elongation and that some inhibitory effects of VMAT-2-targeted drugs on its elongation may be mitigated by co-administering a neuroprotective molecule.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"12049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidences for gestures associated with pruritus in very young infants: a pilot study.","authors":"Adrien Boyard, Camille Cosnard, David Simon, Camille Le Pors, Claire Abasq-Thomas, Marine Grandgeorge, Laurent Misery, Séverine Henry, Jean-Michel Roué","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-93412-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93412-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The anatomical and functional basis for pruritus is present from birth. However, pruritus in this population is largely underestimated. The aim of this study was to analyze behaviors potentially associated with pruritus in infants under 6 months suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD). Infants under 6 months of age were enrolled in two arms: a healthy group and a group with moderate or severe AD. Infants were videotaped for at least 5 min and videos were analyzed by ethologists using the scan-sampling method. Thirty-four infants aged 2.5-5.5 months were included, 9 healthy infants and 25 infants with AD. Hand movements were more frequent in the AD group than in the healthy infants (p < 0.01). Video analysis revealed the presence of self-contact with grasping movements, which could be identified as immature scratching behavior. The statistical distribution of this behavior was greater in the AD group (p 0.03). Correlation analyses showed that this scratching behavior was associated with SCORAD (p 0.04), but not with age. This is the first study to highlight behaviors that can be identified in infants with pruritus before they develop the motor capacity to scratch.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of static and dynamic changes in intrinsic brain activity and its relation to behavioral outcomes in subcortical ischemic stroke after one-month intervention.","authors":"Yongxin Li, Jianping Wang, Maohua Yao, Yun Ran","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-96163-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96163-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ischemic stroke is a prominent contributor to cognitive dysfunction and disability. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the neuronal activity and longitudinal changes underlying stroke is crucial for designing effective rehabilitative strategies. However, the neural mechanisms responsible for the longitudinal reorganization of neuronal activity following stroke remain unclear. The objective of this study was to comprehensively investigate potential abnormalities in brain activity among stroke patients before and after one month of intervention (antiplatelet therapy, as well as intravenous citicoline). To achieve this goal, we combined static and dynamic functional imaging indicators for the comprehensive analysis. Twenty ischemic stroke patients at the subacute stage and seventeen age-matched healthy controls were included in the final analysis of this study from one center. Additionally, resting-state functional magnetic imaging scans were conducted on all patients twice with a one-month interval between scans. Four static intrinsic brain activity indicators (static amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (sALFF), static fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (sfALFF), static regional homogeneity (sReHo), and static degree centrality (sDC)), along with their corresponding dynamic indicators, were calculated to detect longitudinal alterations in brain activity following stroke onset. Correlation analyses were also performed between these indicators within areas exhibiting group differences as well as clinical scale scores and disease duration. Significant variations in these static and dynamic image indicators were observed among patients with ischemic stroke. There was substantial overlap among the abnormal brain regions detected, primarily including decreased sALFF/sfALFF/dALFF in the bilateral central precuneus, increased sfALFF/sReHo/sDC/dReHo in the left superior precuneus, increased sALFF/sReHo/dfALFF in the left inferior temporal gyrus, decreased sReHo/sDC in the anterior cingulate cortex, increased sReHo/dfALFF in the right inferior parietal lobe, increased sfALFF/sDC in the right fusiform gyrus, as well as decreased sALFF/dALFF and increased sReHo/sDC in the right angular gyrus. Furthermore, these disrupted image indicators in some regions exhibited only partial recovery at the second time point. The percentage changes of these image indicators (sfALFF in the bilateral central precuneus, sDC in the left fusiform and dALFF in the right central precuneus) between the two time points were positively correlated with the percentage changes of clinical scores (FMA and MBI). In combination, this study demonstrates that a comprehensive understanding of abnormal activity and its longitudinal changes in ischemic stroke can be achieved by integrating static and dynamic imaging methods. Regions showing significant overlap among different brain activity indicators and exhibiting consistent image-behavior relationships may have so","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11961"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic study on three Metacineta species gives a new look at subclass Suctoria systematics.","authors":"Nikita Borodin, Maksim Melekhin, Chitchai Chantangsi","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-94558-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94558-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suctoria is a subclass of ciliates (Phyllopharyngea, Suctoria) distinguished by the presence of a specialized feeding apparatus called tentacles and the absence of ciliature during most of their life cycle. This group of ciliates, particularly the order Exogenida, is poorly studied from a molecular phylogenetic perspective, with only a dozen small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences available in public databases. In this study, we examined three species of suctorians from the genus Metacineta, formerly belonging to the order Exogenida. Using scanning electron microscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy, the examined species were redescribed and their SSU rRNA gene sequences were obtained. The morphological study refined the structural features of the calyx in representatives of the genus and a hypothetical scheme of calyx evolution was proposed based on morphological evidence and new molecular data. In addition, the application of an ultrastructural approach allowed clarification of the calyx structure in Metacineta alata, which possesses unique crests, instead of the typical clefts found in the majority of congeners. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that Metacineta is nested within the order Endogenida instead of clustering with the exogenid members. This new finding raises a question about the validity of the current classification system of the subclass Suctoria based on budding patterns and suggests necessity for a comprehensive reevaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"11983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}