Scientific Reports最新文献

{"title":"Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) in relation to hyper-triglyceridemic-waist (HTGW) phenotype in Iranian adults.","authors":"Masoud Pirmoradian, Alireza Parvaresh, Zahra Moradmand, Farnaz Shahdadian, Parisa Rouhani, Sepideh Soltani, Parvane Saneei","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-63814-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-63814-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have revealed a significant link between dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and the hypertriglyceridemia-waist (HTGW) phenotype, but some others did not. To clarify this association, we conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the connection between DASH diet adherence and HTGW phenotype in Iranian adults. This study was conducted among Iranian adults (n = 528) living in Isfahan. Dietary intakes were assessed via a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric indices and biochemical parameters were assessed. Participants with serum triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL and enlarged waist circumference were considered individuals with an HTGW phenotype. Individuals in the top tertile of DASH, in comparison to those in the bottom tertile, had lower odds of HTGW in both crude (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32-0.90) and fully adjusted models (OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.16-0.82). In stratified analysis by sex, a protective significant association was observed only in female participants (fully-adjusted model: OR _{T3 vs. T1} = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.02-0.46). Among DASH components, more consumption of nuts and legumes were related to lower odds of HTGW phenotype (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16-0.71). This cross-sectional study shows an association between the DASH diet and a lower prevalence of the HTGW phenotype in Iranians, especially in women. Further research is needed to explain the reasons behind this connection and generalize the results to all adult populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective randomized controlled pilot study of gut microbiome modulation by Nigella sativa seed oil and thymoquinone metabolism in healthy volunteers: implications for gastrointestinal surgery.","authors":"Ahmad Firas El-Banna, Howard Junca, Arndt Steube, Dirk K Wissenbach, Utz Settmacher, Claus Schneider, Aysun Tekbaş","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-69567-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-69567-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maintaining gut microbial balance may influence outcomes in gastrointestinal surgery. Dietary supplementation has the potential to selectively modify its composition. Nigella sativa seed oil (NSSO), which contains the bioactive compound thymoquinone (TQ), has antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, but human data on NSSO-associated gut microbiome changes and urinary TQ detectability after repeated oral exposure remain limited. In this prospective, single-center, randomized open-label pilot study, eight healthy adults were assigned to a treatment group (n = 4) receiving TQ-containing NSSO capsules (two capsules, three times daily for 20 days) or a control group (n = 4) without supplementation. Fecal samples were collected at five time points and analyzed by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity, exploratory differential abundance, and machine learning analyses were performed. Food diaries were reviewed descriptively. Urine samples obtained at two time points were analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect TQ and its metabolites. No significant differences in alpha or beta diversity were observed between groups, proving a stable microbiome composition. However, specific taxa increased or decreased, among them Mediterraneibacter lactaris (p = 9 × 10⁻⁵) and Terrisporobacter mayombei (p = 3 × 10⁻⁴), respectively. TQ and/or TQ-H₂ were qualitatively detected in urine samples from the treatment group after repeated NSSO intake. This pilot study suggests that repeated NSSO intake is feasible for longitudinal microbiome and urinary metabolite sampling and provides preliminary evidence for taxon-specific changes in healthy adults. Urinary detection of TQ/TQ-H₂ confirms detectability following repeated NSSO intake but does not permit pharmacokinetic conclusions. These findings may guide the design of future blinded, placebo-controlled, diet-controlled perioperative microbiome studies.Trial Registration: The trial was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07450807) on 4 March 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First cleavage signatures define a temporal trade-off and predict embryo fitness.","authors":"Daphne Norma Crasta, Si Won Lee, Jolene Fredrickson, Theodore Trejo, Nadeem Ghani Khan, Shama Prasada Kabekkodu, Satish Kumar Adiga, Yulian Zhao, Guruprasad Kalthur, Nagarajan Kannan","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-68288-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-68288-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early embryonic development is marked by substantial variability in cleavage dynamics, yet the extent to which first cleavage (FC) features relate to subsequent developmental progression remains incompletely defined. Using parthenogenetic (haploid and diploid) and fertilized embryos from Swiss albino mice, we combined time-lapse imaging with mechanistic analyses to define a novel FC-state grading system (FC-I to FC-IV) based on cleavage symmetry, fragmentation, and correction of the cleavage axis. Aberrant FCs arose from cytoskeletal instability, persistent cytoplasmic bridges, chromosome lagging, and transient nuclear mispositioning. We identified a reproducible inverse relationship between FC duration and subsequent cleavage interval, that predicts blastocyst quality and termed it as 'first cleavage-associated compensatory timing (FACT) relationship'. Haploid parthenogenetic embryos lacked this compensatory timing relationship, which was observed in fertilized embryos and diploid parthenotes, coinciding with markedly reduced developmental progression and competence. Analysis of > 1,100 human embryos revealed analogous FC-states and an inverse relationship between consecutive cleavage intervals that was associated with blastocyst morphology and developmental progression, with no clear association with aneuploidy. These findings position FC-state grading and the FACT relationship as potential non-invasive indicators of early embryo fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated expression profiling reveals molecular crosstalk between CFTR, FASN, FRAP (mTOR), and BANK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Seyyedha Abbas, Fizzah Abid, Tahir Mehmood, Sadia Fatima, Janeen H Trembley, Rubina Nazli, Hafsa Aziz, Ali Abusharha, Tayyaba Afsar, Suhail Razak","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-71100-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-71100-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy characterised by molecular heterogeneity and poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the expression of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR), Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein (FRAP; mTOR), and B-cell scaffold protein with ankyrin repeats 1 (BANK1) between HCC patients and controls. A total of 200 blood samples (100 from HCC patients and 100 from controls) were analysed using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), with Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) used as an internal control. The results demonstrated significant upregulation of FASN and FRAP (mTOR) (p < 0.0001) and downregulation of CFTR and BANK1 (p < 0.0001), suggesting potential oncogenic and tumour-suppressive roles, respectively. Gene expression levels also differed significantly across Stages I, II, III, and IV. The Ct values for BANK1 were higher than those for CFTR, FASN, and FRAP (mTOR). Because the expression measurements for the four genes were obtained from blood rather than tumour parenchyma, these findings were not interpreted as direct evidence of gene expression within tumour tissue. Survival analysis using a public dataset revealed that dysregulation of these genes was associated with lower survival rates. In silico pathway analysis demonstrated complex interactions among the four genes, linking them to metabolic regulation, immune signalling, and cellular proliferation pathways. Overall, the integrated network involving CFTR, FASN, FRAP (mTOR), and BANK1 may have potential as a novel prognostic marker by reflecting combined metabolic and immune pathway activity. A combined four-gene logistic regression model demonstrated promising discriminative performance in the present cohort (AUC = 0.89). However, this finding requires validation in independent cohorts before any diagnostic application can be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel chalcone-derived thioxopyridine and pyrazolopyridine compounds as antimicrobial agents.","authors":"Gaber Algaber, P Shyamala, Zaccaria Dammag, Mohammed Al-Haddad","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-69975-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-69975-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rainfall frequency and uncertainty analysis in arid regions using machine learning and statistical distribution models based on a 91-year rainfall record.","authors":"Mohammed Hagage","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-68681-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-68681-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate estimation of rainfall depths associated with standard return periods is fundamental for hydraulic design, flood risk assessment, and water resources management, particularly in arid regions. Statistical extreme value distributions have long been the standard approach for rainfall frequency analysis, whereas machine learning (ML) has recently emerged as a potential alternative. This study presents a comprehensive comparison between twenty-five statistical distribution models and three supervised ML regressors-Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting Regressor (XGBR)-for Annual Maximum Daily Rainfall (AMDR) frequency analysis using a 91-year record (1931-2021) from the Suez meteorological station, Egypt. Prior to frequency analysis, the AMDR series was verified to satisfy the assumptions of stationarity and serial independence using the Mann-Kendall test, Sen's slope estimator, and Lag-1 autocorrelation analysis. Statistical distribution models were implemented in HEC-SSP using Weibull plotting positions, whereas the ML models were developed in Python using exceedance probability as the sole predictor to enable a direct and consistent comparison with statistical frequency models. Model performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R²), mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE), while predictive uncertainty was quantified using 90% bootstrap confidence intervals. The results demonstrate that statistical distribution models consistently outperformed the ML regressors across all performance metrics. The Generalized Extreme Value distribution fitted using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (GEVMLE) achieved the highest predictive performance (R² = 0.968; RMSE = 1.512 mm), followed by GEVLM and GLLM. In contrast, the ML models exhibited substantially lower predictive accuracy (R² = 0.280 for RF, 0.258 for XGBR, and 0.087 for SVM) and showed limited capability for extrapolating rainfall extremes beyond the observed data range at longer return periods (T ≥ 25 years). The ML models also produced comparatively narrow confidence intervals, reflecting the limited variability represented within the training domain, whereas the GEV-based statistical models provided more realistic uncertainty estimates for extreme rainfall quantiles. Overall, the findings indicate that extreme value distributions, particularly the GEV models, remain more robust than ML regressors for rainfall frequency analysis when only long-term single-variable rainfall records are available. GEVMLE is therefore recommended for rainfall frequency analysis at the Suez station and similar arid coastal environments. Future research should investigate hybrid frameworks that integrate extreme value theory with machine learning using multi-variable climatic predictors to improve extrapolation capability and uncertainty representation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leishmanicidal efficacy of cold atmospheric multiple plasma jet against Leishmania major in a murine model: effects on parasite burden, cytokine profiles, and wound healing.","authors":"Elham Rezaee, Gholamreza Hatam, Kamiar Zomorodian, Bahador Sarkari, Naghmeh Dastan, Amin Shamsaei, Zahra Gheibi, Hamed Taghvaei","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-61618-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-61618-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with limited effective treatments options due to drug toxicity, emerging resistance, and complex therapeutic regimens. The Cold Atmospheric Multiple Plasma Jet (CAMPJ) has recently gained attention as a novel therapeutic modality because it generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. This study evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of CAMPJ in a BALB/c mouse model of CL, focusing on its leishmanicidal, wound-healing, and immunomodulatory effects. Female BALB/c mice were inoculated with Leishmania major promastigotes and, after lesion development, assigned to six groups: topical amphotericin B (positive control), CAMPJ (treatment for 5, 10, or 15) minutes, untreated control, and air-treated control. CAMPJ and control treatments were administered twice a week for 21 days, while amphotericin B was applied daily. Lesion progression was monitored weekly using Digitizer software, parasite burden was quantified via Leishman-Donovan Units (LDU), and cytokine levels (IFN-γ and IL-4) were measured by ELISA. CAMPJ treatment produced a significant reduction in lesion size compared with negative controls (p < 0.05), with the 15-minute exposure yielding the greatest improvement. Splenic parasite burden decreased significantly across all CAMPJ-treated groups, again with the 15 min group showing the lowest LDU values. Notably, 15 min CAMPJ exposure promoted a Th1-biased immune response, characterized by elevated IFN-γ and reduced IL-4 contrasting with the Th2 dominant profile observed in untreated controls. These findings indicate that CAMPJ exhibits strong leishmanicidal activity and beneficial immunomodulatory effects, supporting its potential as an alternative or adjunct therapy for CL.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced electrochemical and optical properties of polyaniline-based Ag₂O/NiO/ reduced carbon black nanocomposites for renewable energy applications.","authors":"Rasha A Baseer, Alia H Salama, Amal M Abdel-Karim, Abas A Yehia, Noha Elhalawany","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-69315-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-69315-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A multi-step synthesis strategy was employed to fabricate Ag&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/NiO/rOCB@PANI core-shell nanocomposites. Silver oxide and nickel oxide nanoparticles were first decorated onto a reduced oxidized carbon black matrix (Ag/Ni/rOCB hybrid core), followed by the in situ polymeric encapsulation of this core within a protective, conductive polyaniline (PANI) shell, assessing their electrochemical, dielectric, and optical properties for potential applications in renewable energy applications. Structural and spectroscopic analyses, including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM/EDAX, and TEM, confirm the successful formation of conductive Ag&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/NiO/roCB@ PANi nanocomposites. The electrochemical behavior of the Ag&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/NiO/roCB@ PANi composite was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements which identified distinct oxidation and reduction peaks, offering valuable insights into redox behavior. Electrochemical impedance spectra EIS has shown a low charge transfer resistance (Rct), indicating efficient electron transfer at the electrode/electrolyte interface, which are suitable for hydrogen evolution reaction HER. The combined CV and EIS results establish a stronger correlation between the structure of the composite and its electrochemical behavior. The observed enhancement is attributed to the combined contributions of the electroactive PANI matrix, Ag&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/NiO components, and the highly conductive roCB, which together promote efficient charge transport and interfacial redox activity. The dielectric study highlights a strong frequency-dependent variation in the dielectric constant (ε'), demonstrating enhanced charge storage capacity and interfacial polarization due to Ag&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/NiO/roCB doping. Ac conductivity measurements of the prepared nanocomposites showed high ac conductivity reaching up to 5.21*1 0&lt;sup&gt;- 1&lt;/sup&gt; S/cm&lt;sup&gt;- 1&lt;/sup&gt;. AC conductivity (σ&lt;sub&gt;ac&lt;/sub&gt;) follows the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model, indicating improved charge transport and conductivity. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy (FM) has been used to track the optical characteristics of the produced nanocomposites after they are exposed to various lights of different wavelengths. The FM results revealed that the nanocomposites emit fluorescent lights upon irradiation by red, green and blue lights. This suggests that the produced nanocomposites contain fluorophores that are both light-absorbing and capable of longer-wavelength light reemission. These characteristics support their application in LEDs, solar cells, and electronic devices. The findings suggest that Ag&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/NiO/roCB@ PANi composites possess promising electrochemical and optical properties, making them viable materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and renewable energy technologies. As far as we know, no one in the field of electrochemistry has ever created such composites in terms of their preparation method and unique electro catalytical and op","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and performance evaluation of a solar powered remote controlled robot for precision seed planting.","authors":"Shimaa Aboharg, El-Keway Abdelfattah, Ismail Abdelmotaleb, Ayman Eldesoukey, Z M Omara, Noureldin Sharaby","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-68946-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-68946-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for sustainable agricultural mechanization has accelerated the development of precision and energy-efficient planting systems. This study presents the design, optimization, and performance evaluation of a solar-powered remotely controlled robot for precision seed planting. The robotic platform integrates a photovoltaic energy system, an electric seed-metering mechanism, and an electronically controlled seed-depth adjustment unit to achieve accurate seed placement while minimizing energy consumption. The system was experimentally evaluated at four robot forward speeds (0.42-1.60 km h^-1) and four target seed spacings (10-25 cm). Results showed high seed placement accuracy ranging from 98.08% to 98.80%, while the miss and multiple indices remained below 2% and 2.5%, respectively. Optimal metering performance was obtained at robot speeds of 0.82-1.20 km h^-1. The seed-depth adjustment mechanism exhibited a strong linear relationship between motor rotations and penetration depth (R² = 0.9996), ensuring precise depth control. Energy analysis indicated low power consumption (0.048-0.084 kWh) and a solar power supply ratio (95-167%). These findings demonstrate that integrating solar energy with wirelessly controlled agricultural robotics can improve planting precision while enhancing energy efficiency and environmental sustainability in precision farming systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface dielectric barrier discharge plasma priming enhances salt-tolerant wheat germination through predicted AMY1.1 redox stabilization.","authors":"Aeshah A Awaji, Khaled Lotfy, Essam F El-Hashash, Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani, Karima Mohamed El-Absy, Eid Abd-Elfattah Eid, Sayed A Abo-Marzoka","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-70789-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-026-70789-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil salinity severely constrains wheat (Triticum aestivum) germination, the developmental stage most dependent on redox-sensitive starch hydrolysis. Surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) cold atmospheric plasma is a chemical-free seed-priming technology, yet the molecular basis of its transition from beneficial low-dose priming to inhibitory overexposure is unresolved. We combined a systematic SDBD dose-response (ten exposure durations, 0-180 s) under 4000 ppm NaCl with comprehensive agrophysiological profiling - germination, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, osmolytes, gas exchange, membrane stability, mineral nutrition and multivariate analysis - and with in silico molecular docking and protein-flexibility analysis of the high-pI germination α-amylase (AMY1.1) against three plasma-generated redox species (GSH, GSNO, ONOO⁻). Germination and salt tolerance peaked at 140 s (66.67% germination; salt-tolerance index 88%) within a statistically indistinguishable 120-160 s optimum, declining sharply at 180 s. We propose an integrated hormetic model in which moderate doses act through three hierarchical tiers - seed-surface remodelling, antioxidant and osmolyte priming, and predicted AMY1.1 stabilization by GSH and GSNO - whereas excessive doses shift the chemistry toward ONOO⁻-associated distress. The docking analyses generate testable molecular hypotheses rather than proof. SDBD priming at ~ 140 s is a scalable, chemical-free strategy for salt-tolerant wheat establishment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}