Scientific Reports最新文献

{"title":"OVision A raspberry Pi powered portable low cost medical device framework for cancer diagnosis.","authors":"Samaira Mehta","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-91914-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91914-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer remains a major global health challenge, with significant disparities in access to advanced diagnostic and prognostic technologies, especially in resource-constrained settings. Existing medical treatments and devices for cancer diagnosis are often prohibitively expensive, limiting their reach and impact. Pathologists' scarcity exacerbates cancer diagnosis accuracy, elevating mortality risks. To address these critical issues, this study presents OVision - a low cost, deep learning-powered framework developed to assist in histopathological diagnosis. The key objective is to leverage the portable, low-power computing Raspberry Pi. By designing standalone devices that eliminate the need for internet connectivity and high-end infrastructure, we can dramatically reduce costs while maintaining accuracy. As a proof of concept, the study demonstrated the viability of this framework through a compact, self-contained device capable of accurately detecting ovarian cancer subtypes with 95% accuracy, on par with traditional methods, while costing a small fraction of the price. This portable, off-grid solution has immense potential to improve access to precision cancer diagnostics, especially in underserved regions of the world that lack the resources to deploy expensive, infrastructure-heavy medical technologies. In addition, by classifying each tile, the tool can provide percentages of each histologic subtype detected within the slide. This capability enhances the diagnostic precision, offering a detailed overview of the heterogeneity within each tissue sample, helps in understanding the complexity of histologic subtypes and tailoring personalized treatment plans. In conclusion, this work proposes a transformative model for developing affordable, accessible medical devices that can bring advanced healthcare benefits to all, laying the foundation for a more equitable, inclusive future of precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Up-regulation of MAPK14-related lncRNAs in the circulation of migraineurs.","authors":"Fatemeh Ensafi Talemi, Bashdar Mahmud Hussen, Fatemeh Keshmir, Abolfazl Movafagh, Parisa Sarabi, Mohammad Rahmanian, Arezou Sayad, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-91943-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91943-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) has a fundamental role in the development of different inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. However, its roles in the pathoetiology of migraine are not clear. The current case-control study focused on expression analysis of MAPK14 and related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the circulation of migraineurs compared with healthy controls. Data showed remarkable elevation of expression levels of MAPK14, HLA Complex Group 11 (HCG11), zinc ribbon domain-containing 1-antisense 1 (ZNRD1-AS1), RAD51 antisense RNA 1 (RAD51-AS1) and long noncoding RNA-activated by DNA damage (NORAD) in both groups of migraineurs (with aura and without aura) compared with controls. The accuracy of expression levels of MAPK14, HCG11, ZNRD1-AS1, RAD51-AS1 and NORAD for differentiating migraineurs from controls was 85.71%, 81.56%, 85.11%, 77.8% and 94.33%, respectively. Thus, MAPK14 and its related lncRNAs are putative markers for migraine and might participate in the pathogenesis of this neurologic condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CGRPβ suppresses the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis via the immunoproteasome.","authors":"Tatsuya Shibao, Hiroaki Hase, Kodai Mizokami, Atsushi Usui, Kaori Kitae, Yuko Ueda, Kentaro Jingushi, Kazutake Tsujikawa","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-91933-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91933-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), with immune system failure being the most important one. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide with two isoforms, CGRPα and CGRPβ, has been reported to regulate the immune system. In this study, we investigated the role of CGRP isoforms in UC pathogenesis. We induced UC-like symptoms in CGRPα and CGRPβ knockout (KO) mice using dextran sulphate sodium. Compared to wild-type and CGRPα KO mice, CGRPβ-deficient mice exhibited severe symptoms with increased blood in the stool and diarrhoea. Proteome analysis revealed significant up-regulation of immune-related proteins and immunoproteasome components in CGRPβ-deficient mice, suggesting that an enhanced immune response contributes to the severity of this disease. Treatment with ONX-0914, an immunoproteasome inhibitor, markedly improved these symptoms, highlighting the role of the immunoproteasome in exacerbating UC. This study provides the first evidence that CGRPβ protects against UC by modulating immune responses, particularly those mediated by the immunoproteasome. Our findings suggest that functional differences in CGRP isoforms may influence the severity and management of UC. This insight into the neuro-immune mechanism of UC opens avenues for novel therapies that address both the neural and immune aspects of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of the soft-shelled turtles Palea steindachneri and Pelodiscus axenaria and phylogenetic implications for Trionychia.","authors":"Chen Chen, Liqin Ji, Guiyun Huang, Xiaoli Liu, Haigang Chen, Yakun Wang, Lingyun Yu, Yihui Liu, Xiaoyou Hong, Chengqing Wei, Congcong Wu, Laifu Luo, Xinping Zhu, Wei Li","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-90985-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90985-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soft-shelled turtles, or Trionychia, are an enigmatic and fascinating group due to their specific morphological features and ecological adaptations. Based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and/or nuclear markers, previous studies showed the incongruent phylogenetic topologies within Trionychia (e.g., the Palea and its closely related species). In order to resolve the equivocal relationships and obtain some \"genome-level\" common evolutionary characters of soft-shelled turtles, in this study, we assembled and annotated the complete mitochondrial genomes of Palea steindachneri and Pelodiscus axenaria, both naturally distributed in Asia. The sizes of the two mitochondrial genomes were 16,811 bp and 17,143 bp, respectively. Typical vertebrate animal mtDNA features were observed, such as the usual gene components and arrangements (37 genes with a non-coding control region) and the A + T biased nucleotide compositions on the light strand (61.5% and 62.7%, respectively). All conserved blocks common to the vertebrates control region except for the extended terminal associated sequences (ETAS2) were found in the two soft-shelled turtles. The ω ratio averaged over all sites of each protein-coding gene (PCG) was below 1, which indicated purifying selection at the gene-wide level. However, a positive selection site at the 350-codon position in the cytb gene was detected, as estimated by Bayes empirical Bayes (BEB) analysis. Compared with the gene subsets, the mitogenomes provided the most robust phylogenetic resolution. The monophyly of the clades Amydona, Gigantaesuarochelys, and Apalonia was well supported. Topology discrepancies were observed among different datasets (e.g., the positions of Lissemys and Palea), reflecting the heterogeneous phylogenetic signals in the soft-shelled turtle mitogenomes. Precise date estimation based on Bayesian relaxed clock analyses indicated that the crown group age of extant Trionychia was approximately 115.84 Ma (95% HPD: 91.33-142.18 Ma). Paleoclimate changes, especially the Eocene - Oligocene transition, could be responsible for the speciation in these groups. Our results reiterated the necessity and effectiveness of incorporating entire mitochondrial genomes to delineate phylogenetic relationships in chelonian phylogeny studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on blasting damage to tunnel surrounding rock based on acoustic full waveform signal analysis.","authors":"Lijie Ge, Jiaxing Tao, Yan Zhao, Zhuang Zhang, Shuai Li, Ying Shi","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-92003-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92003-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to study the application of Acoustic Full Waveform Signal analysis in blasting damage to tunnel surrounding rock, a formula for blasting damage increment considering cumulative effects was proposed by analyzing the Acoustic Full Waveform Signal before and after blasting, based on the concepts of elastic waves and damage degree. This formula allows the cumulative damage law of surrounding rock blasting to be calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, by introducing the Lorentz curve, Gini coefficient, and fractal theory, and combining them with the surrounding rock blasting damage law, their practicality in studying blasting damage was verified. By combining the change in the dominant frequency and amplitude of the Acoustic Full Waveform Signal before and after rock blasting, the variation law in the frequency domain was obtained and confirmed using the wavelet packet energy spectrum. The results showed that blasting damage intensified with the increase in the number of blasts, but the damage increment gradually decreased. The corresponding signal time-frequency characteristics were marked by the reduction of acoustic wave speed and amplitude, the shift of the main frequency and energy to lower frequencies, and the gradual decrease in the main frequency amplitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing of apoptotic inducer drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","authors":"Kudakwashe Nyambo, Vivette Soko, Kudzanai Ian Tapfuma, Bongani Motaung, Francis Adu-Amankwaah, Lauren Julius, Ashwil Klein, Marshall Keyster, Lucinda Baatjies, Liezel Smith, Krishna Kuben Govender, Mkhuseli Ngxande, Andre G Loxton, Vuyo Mavumengwana","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-91096-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-91096-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computational approaches complement traditional in-vitro or in-vivo assays, significantly accelerating the drug discovery process by increasing the probability of identifying promising lead compounds. In this study, the apoptotic compounds were assessed for antimycobacterial activity and immunomodulatory potential in infected THP-1 macrophage cells. The antimycobacterial activity of the apoptotic compounds was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. The immunomodulatory potential of the apoptotic compounds was determined on mycobacterial-infected THP-1 and non-infected THP-1 macrophage cells. The potential binding dynamics of the compounds against InhA were predicted using molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and MM-GBSA binding free energies. The in-vitro MIC assay showed that cepharanthine (CEP) had the highest antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis mc²155 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, with MICs of 3.1 and 1.5 µg/mL, respectively, followed by CP-31398 dihydrochloride hydrate (DIH) (MICs = 6.2 and 3.1 µg/mL, respectively), marinopyrrole A (MAR) (MICs = 25 and 12.5 µg/mL, respectively), and nutlin-3a (NUT) (MICs = 50 and 25 µg/mL, respectively). MICs for the rest of the drugs were > 200 µg/mL against both M. smegmatis mc²155 and M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Furthermore, the growth of M. smegmatis mc²155 in infected THP-1 macrophage cells treated with DIH, CEP, carboxyatractyloside potassium salt (CAR), and NUT was inhibited by the mentioned drugs. Cytokine profiling showed that DIH optimally regulated the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α which potentially enhanced the clearance of the intracellular pathogen. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that NUT, MAR, 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), and BV02 strongly bind to InhA. However, 17-AAG and BV02 did not show significant activity in-vitro. This study highlights the importance of probing already existing chemical scaffolds as a starting point for discovery of therapeutic agents against M. tuberculosis H37Rv using both pathogen and host directed approaches. The integration of molecular dynamics simulations provides valuable insights into potential scaffold modifications to enhance the affinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiparametric ultrasound (MPUS) evaluation of the testes of normozoospermic dogs - a pilot study.","authors":"Luiz Paulo Nogueira Aires, Beatriz Gasser, Priscila Del'Aguila-Silva, Joedson Dantas Gonçalves, Ricardo Andres Ramirez Uscategui, Stefano Spada, Daniela De Felice, Marco Russo, Bruna Bressianini Lima, Lindsay Unno Gimenes, Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-91087-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-91087-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound is an important tool in small animal andrology for assessing the integrity of the testes. This study explores ultrasound's role in assessing the canine testes and understanding the correlation of sonographic parameters to sperm quality. It investigates B-mode and Doppler ultrasound techniques alongside advanced methods like Shear-wave Elastography (SWE) and Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The aim was to standardize a multiparametric ultrasound (MPUS) evaluation protocol using these techniques in normozoospermic dogs. Eight healthy male dogs were assessed. B-mode assessed testicular morphology, while Doppler evaluated testicular artery waveform morphology and velocimetric parameters. SWE measured testicular stiffness, and CEUS assessed testicular perfusion. Seminal parameters were also analyzed. Results revealed normal B-mode sonographic findings and some correlations between Doppler parameters and sperm quality. SWE demonstrated consistent testicular stiffness regardless of the depth of evaluation, with correlations of the stiffness of the head of the epididymis to the ejaculate volume. CEUS identified blood flow differences between testes and some perfusion parameters correlated with sperm features. This comprehensive ultrasound assessment provides valuable insights into canine reproductive health, providing basis for further studies on dogs with abnormal sperm quality and with different fertility statuses.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SFRP2 mediates Epstein-Barr virus and bladder cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study and colocalization analysis.","authors":"Jian Li, Bing Yang, Lei Guo, Wenqi Huang, Qiong Hu, Hongting Yan, Changpu Du, Rong Tan, Dongxin Tang","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-91594-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-91594-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies suggest a possible association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and bladder cancer (BCa) risk, though this remains unclear. Secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP) is also linked to BCa, with some DNA viruses potentially regulating its expression. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analysis to explore the causal relationship between EBV infection, BCa risk, and the mediating role of sFRP. We first performed a two-sample MR study to assess the causal relationship between 5 EBV-related antibodies (AEB-IgG, EA-D, EBNA-1, VCA-p18, ZEBRA) and BCa using the Finnish Consortium's R11 dataset, validated with R10. Reverse MR analysis followed. For significant results, multivariable MR (MVMR) was applied to adjust for confounding risk factors. A two-step MR explored the potential mediating role of 3 sFRPs (sFRP1, sFRP2, sFRP3) between positive exposures and BCa. Colocalization analysis were conducted for positive exposures, mediators, and BCa, with multiple sensitivity analyses confirming the robustness of the results. The two-sample Mendelian randomization study found that EBNA-1 (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.30; p = 0.039) and VCA-p18 (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13-1.64; p = 0.001) may increase BCa risk, with only VCA-p18 (P_fdr = 0.006) showing a significant effect after False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction. The Finnish Consortium R10 replication study yielded similar results, and reverse MR analysis did not suggest reverse causality. After MVMR adjusted for relevant confounders, VCA-p18 (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.13-1.74; p = 0.002) still significantly increased BCa risk. Two-step MR identified sFRP2 as a mediator, with VCA-p18 down-regulating sFRP2 expression to elevate BCa risk. Colocalization analysis suggested a shared causal variant (nearby gene HLA-DQA1) between VCA-p18 and BCa (PPH4 = 65.44%). Multiple sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. Our study suggests that EBV infection (VCA-p18 antibody) may increase the risk of BCa by lowering sFRP2 levels. Additionally, EBNA-1 antibodies may also contribute to an elevated risk of BCa. We hope these findings will provide new insights for future research on the association between EBV and BCa.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a morphological-based predictive model for mechanical properties of binary immiscible polymer blends considering interfacial effects.","authors":"Nima Arjomand, Mahboube Mohamadi, Javad Alizadeh Kaklar","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-90421-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90421-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to develop a morphological-based model for predicting the Young's modulus and tensile strength of polymer blends with phase-separated structures. The analytical model employed the geometrical approach of the knotted and interconnected skeleton structural (KISS) model, incorporating morphological variation of immiscible polymer blends and the percolation thresholds of the components. The effect of the polymer/polymer interface on mechanical properties was accounted for by assuming a thin interfacial layer of specific thickness across the various morphological states. The prediction capability of the proposed model was evaluated using experimental data for iPP/PA, PP/PET, and LDPE/PP polymer blends, sourced from existing literature. The results established a reasonable accordance between the predicted and observed data. The model's predictions were also compared with those of established models for the tensile strength and Young's modulus of immiscible polymer blends, demonstrating its validity. Incorporating the interfacial region in the modeling procedure of mechanical properties represents a key distinguishing feature of the proposed model, enhancing its compatibility with the actual microstructure of polymer blends. Furthermore, the model's reliance on relatively simple mathematical calculations presents another crucial advantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation based scheduling of crew routing with learning and forgetting effects in repetitive projects.","authors":"Tayseir Hegazy, Khaled Hamdy, Hatem El-Behairy, Yasmeen A S Essawy","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-82389-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82389-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Line of Balance (LOB) technique is essential for scheduling repetitive projects, offering benefits over the Critical Path Method (CPM) by ensuring consistent workflow and reducing project duration through the learning rate effect. This effect shortens activity durations when the same crew repeats tasks. Consistent crew assignments for each activity are key to maximizing this benefit, as routing crews between activities can disrupt the learning rate momentum. However, crew routing can be cost-effective by lowering indirect costs. This study explores the balance between maintaining distinct crews for each activity and allowing crew routing. Results indicate that while specific crew assignments optimize duration, they require more crews. In contrast, routing reduces the number of crews but extends project duration. The study proposes a simulation approach to optimize crew numbers and movements. However, the study has limitations, as the simulation model must be customized for each specific project, and crew assignments must comply with the model's requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"7235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}