IF 56.9 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1126/science.ady2167

Haocheng Zhu, Xu Qin, Leyan Wei, Dandan Jiang, Qiao Zhang, Wenqian Wang, Ronghong Liang, Rui Zhang, Kang Zhang, Guanwen Liu, Kevin Tianmeng Zhao, Kunling Chen, Jin-Long Qiu, Caixia Gao

{"title":"Engineered geminivirus replicons enable rapid in planta directed evolution","authors":"Haocheng Zhu, Xu Qin, Leyan Wei, Dandan Jiang, Qiao Zhang, Wenqian Wang, Ronghong Liang, Rui Zhang, Kang Zhang, Guanwen Liu, Kevin Tianmeng Zhao, Kunling Chen, Jin-Long Qiu, Caixia Gao","doi":"10.1126/science.ady2167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ady2167","url":null,"abstract":"Directed evolution can rapidly generate genetic variants with new and enhanced properties, yet efficient platforms for performing such evolution directly in plant cells have been lacking. We developed G eminivirus R eplicon- A ssisted in P lanta Directed E volution (GRAPE), a system that links gene function to geminivirus rolling circle replication (RCR) to enable high-throughput selection for desired activities. GRAPE supports the screening of up to 10 5 variants on a single Nicotiana benthamiana leaf within four days. Using GRAPE, we evolved the immune receptor NRC3 to resist inhibition by the nematode effector SPRYSEC15 and broadened the recognition spectrum of the rice immune receptor Pikm-1 to recognize all six alleles of the fungal effector AVR-Pik. GRAPE provides a rapid, scalable, and generalizable platform for directed evolution of diverse genes in plant cellular context.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intercellular communication in the brain through a dendritic nanotubular network 通过树突纳米管网络的大脑细胞间通讯

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1126/science.adr7403

Minhyeok Chang, Sarah Krüssel, Laxmi Kumar Parajuli, Juhyun Kim, Daniel Lee, Alec Merodio, Jaeyoung Kwon, Shigeo Okabe, Hyung-Bae Kwon

{"title":"Intercellular communication in the brain through a dendritic nanotubular network","authors":"Minhyeok Chang, Sarah Krüssel, Laxmi Kumar Parajuli, Juhyun Kim, Daniel Lee, Alec Merodio, Jaeyoung Kwon, Shigeo Okabe, Hyung-Bae Kwon","doi":"10.1126/science.adr7403","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adr7403","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Intercellular nanotubular networks mediate material exchange, but their existence in neurons remains to be explored in detail. We identified long, thin dendritic filopodia forming direct dendrite–dendrite nanotubes (DNTs) in mammalian cortex. Super-resolution microscopy in dissociated neurons revealed DNTs’ actin-rich composition and dynamics, enabling long-range calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) propagation. Imaging and machine learning–based analysis validated in situ DNTs as anatomically distinct from synaptic spines. DNTs actively transported small molecules and human amyloid-β (Aβ); DNT density increased before plaque formation in the medial prefrontal cortex of APP/PS1 mice (APP, Aβ precursor protein; PS1, presenilin-1), suggesting that the dendrite-DNT network might play a role in Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Computational models of DNT-mediated Aβ propagation recapitulated early amyloidosis, predicting selective intracellular accumulation. These findings uncover a nanotubular connectivity layer in the brain, extending neuronal communication beyond classical synapses.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6768","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In Other Journals 在其他期刊

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1126/science.aec7035

Yevgeniya Nusinovich, L. Bryan Ray, Corinne Simonti, Keith T. Smith, Phil Szuromi, Peter Stern, Melissa McCartney

引用次数: 0

Dutch government agrees to return Java Man, thousands of other fossils to Indonesia. 荷兰政府同意将爪哇人以及其他数千块化石归还印尼。

IF 56.9 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1126/science.aec7425

Martin Enserink

引用次数: 0

Persistent eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean upwelling since the warm Pliocene 上新世以来赤道东太平洋持续上升流

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1126/science.ads8720

Patrick A. Rafter, Jesse R. Farmer, Alfredo Martínez-García, Ana Christina Ravelo, Kristopher B. Karnauskas, Fabian C. Batista, Stefano M. Bernasconi, Haojia Ren, Alexandra Auderset, Gerald H. Haug, Daniel M. Sigman

引用次数: 0

ATP-dependent remodeling of chromatin condensates reveals distinct mesoscale outcomes 染色质凝聚体的atp依赖性重塑揭示了不同的中尺度结果

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1126/science.adr0018

Camille Moore, Emily Wong, Upneet Kaur, Un Seng Chio, Ziling Zhou, Megan Ostrowski, Ke Wu, Iryna Irkliyenko, Sean Wang, Vijay Ramani, Geeta J. Narlikar

{"title":"ATP-dependent remodeling of chromatin condensates reveals distinct mesoscale outcomes","authors":"Camille Moore, Emily Wong, Upneet Kaur, Un Seng Chio, Ziling Zhou, Megan Ostrowski, Ke Wu, Iryna Irkliyenko, Sean Wang, Vijay Ramani, Geeta J. Narlikar","doi":"10.1126/science.adr0018","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adr0018","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)–dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes mobilize nucleosomes, but how such mobilization affects chromatin condensation is unclear. We investigate effects of two major remodelers, ACF and RSC, using chromatin condensates and single-molecule footprinting. We find that both remodelers inhibit the formation of condensed chromatin. However, the remodelers have distinct effects on preformed chromatin condensates. ACF spaces nucleosomes without decondensing the chromatin, explaining how ACF maintains nucleosome organization in transcriptionally repressed genomic regions. By contrast, RSC catalyzes ATP-dependent decondensation of chromatin. RSC also drives micron-scale movements of entire chromatin condensates. These additional activities of RSC may contribute to its central role in transcription. The biological importance of remodelers may thus reflect both their effects on nucleosome mobilization and the corresponding consequences on chromatin dynamics at the mesoscale.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6768","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autism initiative embraces little-tested vitamin as a treatment. 自闭症倡议将维生素作为一种未经测试的治疗方法。

IF 56.9 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1126/science.aec5468

Gretchen Vogel

引用次数: 0

The phylogenetic position of the Yunxian cranium elucidates the origin of Homo longi and the Denisovans 郧县头盖骨的系统发育位置阐明了龙人和丹尼索瓦人的起源

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1126/science.ado9202

Xiaobo Feng, Qiyu Yin, Feng Gao, Dan Lu, Qin Fang, Yilu Feng, Xuchu Huang, Chen Tan, Hanwen Zhou, Qiang Li, Chi Zhang, Chris Stringer, Xijun Ni

{"title":"The phylogenetic position of the Yunxian cranium elucidates the origin of Homo longi and the Denisovans","authors":"Xiaobo Feng, Qiyu Yin, Feng Gao, Dan Lu, Qin Fang, Yilu Feng, Xuchu Huang, Chen Tan, Hanwen Zhou, Qiang Li, Chi Zhang, Chris Stringer, Xijun Ni","doi":"10.1126/science.ado9202","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ado9202","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Diverse forms of <i>Homo</i> coexisted during the Middle Pleistocene. Whether these fossil humans represent different species or clades is debated. The ~1-million-year-old Yunxian 2 fossil from China is important for understanding the cladogenesis of <i>Homo</i> and the origin of <i>Homo sapiens</i>. In this study, we restored and reconstructed the distorted Yunxian 2 cranium using recently introduced technology. The results show that this cranium displays mosaic primitive and derived features. Morphometric and phylogenetic analyses suggest that it is an early member of the Asian <i>H. longi</i> clade, which includes the Denisovans and is the main part of the sister group to the <i>H. sapiens</i> clade. Both the <i>H. sapiens</i> and <i>H. longi</i> clades have deep roots extending beyond the Middle Pleistocene and probably experienced rapid early diversification. Yunxian 2 may preserve transitional features close to the origins of the two clades.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"389 6767","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/science.ado9202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum learning advantage on a scalable photonic platform 量子学习在可扩展光子平台上的优势

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1126/science.adv2560

Zheng-Hao Liu, Romain Brunel, Emil E. B. Østergaard, Oscar Cordero, Senrui Chen, Yat Wong, Jens A. H. Nielsen, Axel B. Bregnsbo, Sisi Zhou, Hsin-Yuan Huang, Changhun Oh, Liang Jiang, John Preskill, Jonas S. Neergaard-Nielsen, Ulrik L. Andersen

引用次数: 0

Fiber-imaged supershear dynamics in the 2024 Mw 7 Mendocino Fault earthquake 2024年mw7门多西诺断层地震的纤维成像超剪切动力学

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊

Science Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1126/science.adx6858

James Atterholt, Jeffrey J. McGuire, Andrew J. Barbour, Connie Stewart, Morgan P. Moschetti

引用次数: 0

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