SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adn5616
Carolina Levis, Justino Sarmento Rezende, João Paulo Lima Barreto, Silvio Sanches Barreto, Francy Baniwa, Clarinda Sateré-Mawé, Fábio Zuker, Ane Alencar, Miqueias Mugge, Rodrigo Simon de Moraes, Agustín Fuentes, Marina Hirota, Carlos Fausto, João Biehl
{"title":"Indigenizing conservation science for a sustainable Amazon.","authors":"Carolina Levis, Justino Sarmento Rezende, João Paulo Lima Barreto, Silvio Sanches Barreto, Francy Baniwa, Clarinda Sateré-Mawé, Fábio Zuker, Ane Alencar, Miqueias Mugge, Rodrigo Simon de Moraes, Agustín Fuentes, Marina Hirota, Carlos Fausto, João Biehl","doi":"10.1126/science.adn5616","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adn5616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dialogues between Western and Indigenous systems are critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"1229-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adp1562
Rose Marie Akiki, Rebecca G Cornbrooks, Kosuke Magami, Alain Greige, Kirsten K Snyder, Daniel J Wood, Mary Claire Herrington, Philip Mace, Kyle Blidy, Nobuya Koike, Stefano Berto, Christopher W Cowan, Makoto Taniguchi
{"title":"A long noncoding eRNA forms R-loops to shape emotional experience-induced behavioral adaptation.","authors":"Rose Marie Akiki, Rebecca G Cornbrooks, Kosuke Magami, Alain Greige, Kirsten K Snyder, Daniel J Wood, Mary Claire Herrington, Philip Mace, Kyle Blidy, Nobuya Koike, Stefano Berto, Christopher W Cowan, Makoto Taniguchi","doi":"10.1126/science.adp1562","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adp1562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotional experiences often evoke neural plasticity that supports adaptive changes in behavior, including maladaptive plasticity associated with mood and substance use disorders. These adaptations are supported in part by experience-dependent activation of immediate-early response genes, such as <i>Npas4</i> (neuronal PAS domain protein 4). Here we show that a conserved long noncoding enhancer RNA (lnc-eRNA), transcribed from an activity-sensitive enhancer, produces DNA:RNA hybrid R-loop structures that support three-dimensional chromatin looping between enhancer and proximal promoter and rapid <i>Npas4</i> gene induction. Furthermore, in mouse models, <i>Npas4</i> lnc-eRNA and its R-loop are required for the development of behavioral adaptations produced by chronic psychosocial stress or cocaine exposure, revealing a potential role for this regulatory mechanism in the transmission of emotional experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"1282-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adq4330
Heather M Renner, John F Piatt, Martin Renner, Brie A Drummond, Jared S Laufenberg, Julia K Parrish
{"title":"Catastrophic and persistent loss of common murres after a marine heatwave.","authors":"Heather M Renner, John F Piatt, Martin Renner, Brie A Drummond, Jared S Laufenberg, Julia K Parrish","doi":"10.1126/science.adq4330","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adq4330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent marine heatwaves have had pervasive effects on marine ecosystems, from declines in primary production to die-offs of top predators. Seabird mortalities are often observed in association with heatwaves, but population impacts are not well understood. In this work, we report the rapid mortality of approximately half of Alaska's common murre (<i>Uria aalge</i>) population in response to an extreme marine heatwave. Between the 7-year period before (2008-2014) and after (2016-2022) the heatwave, murre numbers plummeted 52 to 78% at 13 colonies across two large marine ecosystems. We calculated a loss of 4.00 million common murres, the largest documented wildlife mortality event in the modern era. No evidence of recovery has yet been observed, suggesting that these ecosystems may no longer support historic numbers of seabird top predators.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"1272-1276"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adv1489
H Holden Thorp
{"title":"The great work continues.","authors":"H Holden Thorp","doi":"10.1126/science.adv1489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adv1489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the highly acclaimed 1991 play <i>Angels in America</i>, which explores AIDS in the United States in the 1980s, one of the characters muses about the nature of knowledge and novelty: \"Imagination can't create anything new, can it? It only recycles bits and pieces from the world and reassembles them into visions.\" Although the scene's intent is to ponder the limits of human experience and how the constraints of day-to-day reality are inescapable, the description of imagination aptly describes the creative shuffling that can lead to breakthroughs, like the ones recognized by <i>Science</i> at this time every year. In naming the drug lenacapavir as the 2024 Breakthrough of the Year, <i>Science</i> acknowledges the next, but by no means final, step in the drive to fight HIV/AIDS, where the rigors of the laboratory and the needs of humanity are inseparable.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"1193"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adv2418
David Grimm
{"title":"Trump 2.0 could mean big cuts for animal research.","authors":"David Grimm","doi":"10.1126/science.adv2418","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adv2418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Groups targeting animal studies see an opening.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"1201-1202"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adu2950
Aude G Billard
{"title":"In good hands: A case for improving robotic dexterity.","authors":"Aude G Billard","doi":"10.1126/science.adu2950","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adu2950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty-first-century roboticists envision robots capable of sorting objects and packaging them, of chopping vegetables and folding clothes. But although many today believe that the only factors necessary for robots to achieve dexterous manipulation are data and artificial intelligence (AI), managing all the mundane manipulations that humans perform daily requires constant adaptation to changing conditions. These operations include tasks demanding millisecond-level responses to prevent irreparable damage, such as quickly stabilizing a slipping package or halting a knife just before it cuts into a table. Although recent advances in intelligent robot control have considerably expanded-and will continue to expand-the range and complexity of tasks that robots can perform, AI, data, and control theory alone are not enough. A brain cannot manipulate items effectively without a body-and specifically hands-suited to the task.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"eadu2950"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adl5441
Valeriy Vasilyev, Timo Reinhold, Alexander I Shapiro, Ilya Usoskin, Natalie A Krivova, Hiroyuki Maehara, Yuta Notsu, Allan Sacha Brun, Sami K Solanki, Laurent Gizon
{"title":"Sun-like stars produce superflares roughly once per century.","authors":"Valeriy Vasilyev, Timo Reinhold, Alexander I Shapiro, Ilya Usoskin, Natalie A Krivova, Hiroyuki Maehara, Yuta Notsu, Allan Sacha Brun, Sami K Solanki, Laurent Gizon","doi":"10.1126/science.adl5441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adl5441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stellar superflares are energetic outbursts of electromagnetic radiation that are similar to solar flares but release more energy, up to 10<sup>36</sup> erg on main-sequence stars. It is unknown whether the Sun can generate superflares and, if so, how often they might occur. We used photometry from the Kepler space observatory to investigate superflares on other stars with Sun-like fundamental parameters. We identified 2889 superflares on 2527 Sun-like stars, out of 56,450 observed. This detection rate indicates that superflares with energies >10<sup>34</sup> erg occur roughly once per century on stars with Sun-like temperature and variability. The resulting stellar superflare frequency-energy distribution is consistent with an extrapolation of the Sun's flare distribution to higher energies, so we suggest that both are generated by the same physical mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"1301-1305"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SciencePub Date : 2024-12-13Epub Date: 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1126/science.adv2416
{"title":"News at a glance.","authors":"","doi":"10.1126/science.adv2416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adv2416","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6727","pages":"1198-1200"},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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