Science最新文献

{"title":"Erratum for the Research Article “Divergent evolution of nitrogen cycling along gradients of landscape water velocities”","authors":"","doi":"10.1126/science.aem9387","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aem9387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airflows redefine the cost of aerial transport in the wild","authors":"Martina Scacco,&nbsp;Jeroen B. Smaers,&nbsp;Yuval Werber,&nbsp;Karen Aghababyan,&nbsp;Eneko Arrondo,&nbsp;Ortwin Aschenborn,&nbsp;Nyambayar Batbayar,&nbsp;Hans-Günther Bauer,&nbsp;Paolo Becciu,&nbsp;Dmitrijs Boiko,&nbsp;Andre J. Botha,&nbsp;Julio Blas,&nbsp;Nik C. Cole,&nbsp;Ainara Cortés-Avizanda,&nbsp;Sebastian M. Cruz,&nbsp;Teja Curk,&nbsp;John Davies,&nbsp;Dina K. N. Dechmann,&nbsp;Ben J. Dilley,&nbsp;José Donazar,&nbsp;Olivier Duriez,&nbsp;Ron Efrat,&nbsp;Kyle H. Elliott,&nbsp;Jakob Fahr,&nbsp;Wolfgang Fiedler,&nbsp;John Fieberg,&nbsp;Andrea Flack,&nbsp;Anna Gagliardo,&nbsp;Peter Glazov,&nbsp;Martin U. Grüebler,&nbsp;Ohad Hatzofe,&nbsp;Urs G. Kormann,&nbsp;Andrea Kölzsch,&nbsp;Helmut Kruckenberg,&nbsp;Sergio A. Lambertucci,&nbsp;Monique MacKenzie,&nbsp;Qenan Maxhuni,&nbsp;Tomaž Mihelič,&nbsp;Flavio Monti,&nbsp;Inge Müller,&nbsp;Lourdes Mugica Valdes,&nbsp;Ran Nathan,&nbsp;Elham Nourani,&nbsp;Allison Patterson,&nbsp;Ivan Pokrovsky,&nbsp;Peter G. Ryan,&nbsp;Patrick Scherler,&nbsp;Daniel Schmidt-Rothmund,&nbsp;Sara H. Schweitzer,&nbsp;José A. Sanchez-Zapata,&nbsp;Nir Sapir,&nbsp;Stefan Schoombie,&nbsp;Andrea Sforzi,&nbsp;Sherub Sherub,&nbsp;Māris Strazds,&nbsp;Gareth Tate,&nbsp;Lindy J. Thompson,&nbsp;Francis Van Oordt,&nbsp;Mariëlle van Toor,&nbsp;Jonas Waldenström,&nbsp;Natalie Weber,&nbsp;Shannon Whelan,&nbsp;Hannah Williams,&nbsp;Martin Wikelski,&nbsp;David Wolfson,&nbsp;Kerri Wolter,&nbsp;Kamran Safi,&nbsp;Emily L. C. Shepard","doi":"10.1126/science.aee6550","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aee6550","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Fuel economy matters to both animals and machines, as the cost of transport can determine where, when, and how far locomotion is possible. However, established estimates of these values for animal flight come from laboratories and treat the atmosphere as constant, even though free-flying animals routinely extract energy from atmospheric flows. Using high-resolution movement data, we estimate the cost of transport for 50 bird and bat species flying in the wild. Our results revise the classic ranking of locomotion costs, suggesting that flying can be cheaper than swimming though almost as costly as running, depending on interactions between physical environment, morphology, and behavior. Linking transport costs to atmospheric conditions provides a mechanistic basis for predicting how changing windscapes will reshape the energetics, movements, and distributions of flying animals.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magic state cultivation on a superconducting quantum processor","authors":"E. Rosenfeld, C. Gidney, G. Roberts, A. Morvan, N. Lacroix, D. Kafri, J. Marshall, M. Li, V. Sivak, D. Abanin, A. Abbas, R. Acharya, L. Aghababaie Beni, G. Aigeldinger, R. Alcaraz, S. Alcaraz, T. I. Andersen, M. Ansmann, F. Arute, K. Arya, W. Askew, N. Astrakhantsev, J. Atalaya, R. Babbush, B. Ballard, J. C. Bardin, H. Bates, A. Bengtsson, M. Bigdeli Karimi, A. Bilmes, S. Bilodeau, F. Borjans, J. Bovaird, D. Bowers, L. Brill, P. Brooks, M. Broughton, D. A. Browne, B. Buchea, B. B. Buckley, T. Burger, B. Burkett, N. Bushnell, J. Busnaina, A. Cabrera, J. Campero, H.-S. Chang, S. Chen, Z. Chen, B. Chiaro, L.-Y. Chih, A. Y. Cleland, B. Cochrane, M. Cockrell, J. Cogan, P. Conner, H. Cook, R. G. Cortiñas, W. Courtney, A. L. Crook, B. Curtin, M. Damyanov, S. Das, D. M. Debroy, S. Demura, P. Donohoe, I. Drozdov, A. Dunsworth, V. Ehimhen, A. Eickbusch, A. Moshe Elbag, L. Ella, M. Elzouka, D. Enriquez, C. Erickson, L. Faoro, V. S. Ferreira, M. Flores, L. Flores Burgos, S. Fontes, E. Forati, J. Ford, B. Foxen, M. Fukami, A. Wing Lun Fung, L. Fuste, S. Ganjam, G. Garcia, C. Garrick, R. Gasca, H. Gehring, R. Geiger, É. Genois, W. Giang, D. Gilboa, J. E. Goeders, E. C. Gonzales, R. Gosula, S. J. de Graaf, A. Grajales Dau, D. Graumann, J. Grebel, A. Greene, J. A. Gross, J. Guerrero, L. Le Guevel, T. Ha, S. Habegger, T. Hadick, A. Hadjikhani, M. C. Hamilton, M. Hansen, M. P. Harrigan, S. D. Harrington, J. Hartshorn, S. Heslin, P. Heu, O. Higgott, R. Hiltermann, J. Hilton, H.-Y. Huang, M. Hucka, C. Hudspeth, A. Huff, W. J. Huggins, L. B. Ioffe, E. Jeffrey, S. Jevons, Z. Jiang, X. Jin, C. Joshi, P. Juhas, A. Kabel, H. Kang, K. Kang, A. H. Karamlou, R. Kaufman, K. Kechedzhi, T. Khattar, M. Khezri, S. Kim, P. V. Klimov, C. M. Knaut, B. Kobrin, A. N. Korotkov, F. Kostritsa, J. M. Kreikebaum, R. Kudo, B. Kueffler, A. Kumar, V. D. Kurilovich, V. Kutsko, T. Lange-Dei, B. W. Langley, P. Laptev, K.-M. Lau, E. Leavell, J. Ledford, J. Lee, K. Lee, B. J. Lester, W. Leung, L. Li, W. Yan Li, A. T. Lill, W. P. Livingston, M. T. Lloyd, A. Locharla, L. De Lorenzo, E. Lucero, D. Lundahl, A. Lunt, S. Madhuk, A. Maiti, A. Maloney, S. Mandrà, L. S. Martin, O. Martin, E. Mascot, P. Masih Das, D. Maslov, M. Mathews, C. Maxfield, J. R. McClean, M. McEwen, S. Meeks, A. Megrant, K. C. Miao, Z. K. Minev, R. Molavi, S. Molina, S. Montazeri, C. Neill, M. Newman, A. Nguyen, M. Nguyen, C.-H. Ni, M. Yuezhen Niu, N. Noll, L. Oas, W. D. Oliver, R. Orosco, K. Ottosson, A. Pagano, A. Di Paolo, S. Peek, D. Peterson, A. Pizzuto, E. Portoles, R. Potter, O. Pritchard, L. Pryadko, M. Qian, C. Quintana, G. Ramachandran, A. Ranadive, M. J. Reagor, R. Resnick, D. M. Rhodes, D. Riley, R. Rodriguez, E. Ropes, L. B. De Rose, E. Rosenberg, D. Rosenstock, E. Rossi, P. Roushan, D. A. Rower, R. Salazar, K. Sankaragomathi, M. Can Sarihan, M. Schaefer, S. Schroeder, H. F. Schurkus, A. Shahingohar, M. J. Shearn, A. Shorter, N. Shutty, V. Shvarts, S. Small, W. C. Smith, D. A. Sobel, B. Spells, S. Springer, G. Sterling, J. Suchard, A. Szasz, A. Sztein, M. Taylor, J. Priyanka Thiruraman, D. Thor, D. Timucin, E. Tomita, A. Torres, M. M. Torunbalci, H. Tran, A. Vaishnav, J. Vargas, S. Vdovichev, G. Vidal, B. Villalonga, C. Vollgraff Heidweiller, M. Voorhees, S. Waltman, J. Waltz, S. X. Wang, D. Wang, B. Ware, J. D. Watson, Y. Wei, T. Weidel, T. White, K. Wong, B. W. K. Woo, C. J. Wood, M. Woodson, C. Xing, Z. J. Yao, P. Yeh, B. Ying, J. Yoo, N. Yosri, E. Young, G. Young, A. Zalcman, R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, N. Zhu, N. Zobrist, Z. Zou, H. Neven, S. Boixo, C. Jones, J. Kelly, A. Bourassa, K. J. Satzinger","doi":"10.1126/science.aee7961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aee7961","url":null,"abstract":"Fault-tolerant quantum computing requires a universal gate set, but the necessary non-Clifford gates represent a significant resource cost for most quantum error correction architectures. Magic state cultivation offers an efficient alternative to resource-intensive distillation protocols; however, testing the proposal’s assumptions represents a challenging departure from quantum memory experiments. We present an experimental study of magic state cultivation on a superconducting quantum processor. We implement cultivation, including code-switching into a surface code, and develop a fault-tolerant measurement protocol to bound the magic state fidelity. Cultivation reduces the error by a factor of 40, with a state fidelity of at least 0.9999(1) (retaining 8% of attempts). Our results experimentally establish magic state cultivation as a viable solution to one of quantum computing’s most important challenges.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pair of chitosan receptors confer broad-spectrum fungal resistance","authors":"Keyi Huang,&nbsp;Jingni Wu,&nbsp;Yu Cao,&nbsp;Yingying Cao,&nbsp;Zhongji Pu,&nbsp;Aoshen Xu,&nbsp;Wenzhao Wang,&nbsp;Xue Zhou,&nbsp;Ming Li,&nbsp;Min Zhang,&nbsp;Yuhua Wang,&nbsp;Jinbiao Ma,&nbsp;Yulin Du,&nbsp;Qin Wang,&nbsp;Yingqiao Wan,&nbsp;Shangyu Gao,&nbsp;Dacheng Wang,&nbsp;Guangzheng Sun,&nbsp;Qin Gu,&nbsp;Huan Chen,&nbsp;Guosheng Xiong,&nbsp;Heng Yin,&nbsp;Yiwen Deng,&nbsp;Wensheng Zhao,&nbsp;Zhengguang Zhang,&nbsp;Shengben Li,&nbsp;Xiquan Gao,&nbsp;Sun Tae Kim,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Baolei Jia,&nbsp;Jijie Chai,&nbsp;Kenichi Tsuda,&nbsp;Zheng Qing Fu,&nbsp;Yiming Wang","doi":"10.1126/science.ady7647","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ady7647","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Chitosan, a major fungal cell wall component, activates plant immunity, yet the underlying perception mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we identified OsFID1, an apoplast-localized DUF26 domain protein, as a chitosan-binding receptor essential for chitosan-triggered immunity. OsFID1 forms a receptor complex with OsFID2, a plasma membrane–localized DUF26 receptor-like kinase, to mediate chitosan sensing and immune activation, requiring OsFID2 phosphorylation for function. The OsFID1-OsFID2 complex confers broad-spectrum resistance to fungal pathogens. OsFID1 homologs are conserved in land plants, which show chitosan-binding activity in both monocots and dicots. Ectopic expression of <i>OsFID1</i> in wheat and maize enhanced fungal resistance without growth penalty. These findings uncover a conserved receptor complex for direct chitosan sensing, advancing our understanding of plant-fungus interactions and providing a potential strategy for engineering durable fungal resistance crops.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China’s pollination policy must look beyond managed honey bees","authors":"Zora Zhang","doi":"10.1126/science.ael5505","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ael5505","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritize contaminants of emerging concern in the High Seas Treaty","authors":"Caicai Xie,&nbsp;Xiaohui Liu","doi":"10.1126/science.aem0511","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aem0511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for the Research Article “Enabling sustainable supply of the essential cancer medicines etoposide and teniposide in yeast”","authors":"","doi":"10.1126/science.aem9151","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aem9151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterministic generation and distribution of genuine multipartite entanglement in macroscopic acoustic resonators","authors":"Dian Tan,&nbsp;Guixu Xie,&nbsp;Libo Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Xu,&nbsp;Chilong Liu,&nbsp;Haolan Yuan,&nbsp;Zhihua Chen,&nbsp;Chang-Kang Hu,&nbsp;J. Q. You,&nbsp;Song Liu,&nbsp;Eric Lutz,&nbsp;Tobias J. Kippenberg,&nbsp;Dapeng Yu","doi":"10.1126/science.aeh4273","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aeh4273","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Generating complex multimode entanglement is a central goal of quantum information science. However, scalable creation of genuine multipartite entanglement is challenging as it requires excellent control and efficient state verification. We report the generation and transfer of genuine multimode entanglement across two multimode acoustic resonators. We prepare genuine multipartite entangled states involving two, four, and six modes across the resonators with respective fidelities of 0.912 ± 0.003, 0.790 ± 0.003, and 0.570 ± 0.001. We further demonstrate the transfer of two- and four-mode genuine entangled states between the resonators with fidelities of 0.785 ± 0.006 and 0.601 ± 0.006. This hardware-efficient and scalable architecture enables deterministic control and generation of complex multimode mechanical states. Our results push the boundary of quantum control in macroscopic mechanical systems, establishing a pathway toward large-scale mechanical quantum networks.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Other Journals","authors":"Corinne Simonti,&nbsp;Sacha Vignieri,&nbsp;Yevgeniya Nusinovich,&nbsp;Jesse Smith,&nbsp;Jelena Stajic,&nbsp;Brad Wible","doi":"10.1126/science.aen1237","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aen1237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/science.aen1237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendritic computation for abstract rule-based flexible decision-making","authors":"Yuan Zhang,&nbsp;Yanhe Liu,&nbsp;Yachuang Hu,&nbsp;Zhenkun Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Du,&nbsp;Lele Cui,&nbsp;Qi Liu,&nbsp;Lin Zhong,&nbsp;Yu Xin,&nbsp;Ruiming Chai,&nbsp;Li Deng,&nbsp;Jingwei Pan,&nbsp;Jackie Schiller,&nbsp;Ning-long Xu","doi":"10.1126/science.adz5323","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adz5323","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Intelligent behavior involves flexible integration of sensory input and abstract rule knowledge. Dendritic computation has been shown to contribute to top-down modulation of sensory processing; however, whether and how it is involved in flexible cognitive processing remains to be elucidated. Combining a rule-based flexible decision-making task with in vivo two-photon imaging and optogenetics in mice, we found that within single layer 5 extratelencephalic neurons in the auditory cortex, apical dendrites preferentially encoded the inferred abstract rule and somata preferentially represented sensory stimuli, whereas choice signals were present in both compartments. Optogenetic dendritic inhibition impaired rule-dependent somatic choice coding, supporting a task-relevant integration across the dendritic and somatic compartments. These results indicate that dendritic computation in cortical neurons mediates flexible behavior.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"394 6821","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":47.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}