Sexually Transmitted Infections最新文献

{"title":"What guidance exists to support remote consultations in sexual and reproductive health services? A review of the policy and practice literature.","authors":"Charlotte Spurway, Iestyn Williams, Christian Bohm, Oluseyi Cyril Ayinde, Fiona Burns, Jo Gibbs, Jo Josh, Helen Munro, Danielle Solomon, Melvina Woode Owusu, Jonathan D C Ross, Louise J Jackson","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The use of remote consultations, such as appointments via telephone, video, online or text in sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS) across the UK, has expanded in recent years. This review synthesises grey literature from different organisations to identify current practice and guidance for remote consultations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for a range of grey literature document types, including unpublished reports, evaluations, published standards, guidance, blogs and opinion pieces. The searches were conducted between March 2023 and July 2024 using Google, as well as the Healthcare Management Information Consortium database and preidentified organisational websites (eg, the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV, the Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare). Data extracted included terminology, challenges to implementation and linked guidance and equity considerations in the use of remote consultations in SRHS. Narrative synthesis was used to analyse findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The available guidance on implementing and delivering remote SRHS is modest in scope and volume and draws on a sparse evidence base. Existing guidance recommends the use of safeguarding assessments and checklists to support pathways from remote into in-person care. While remote consultations were seen as potentially enhancing equity, challenges included differences in technology access and digital literacy. Equity-related guidance included prioritising disadvantaged groups for in-person appointments and flexible care pathways.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The grey literature highlights the potential of remote SRHS to improve access and equity while also identifying risks in implementation and outcomes. There is an ongoing requirement for detailed, evidence-informed guidance that incorporates service user perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144967298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> bacterial loads in men who have sex with men on pre-exposure prophylaxis: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Enrique Rayo, Giulia Malingamba, Hanna Marti, Delia Onorini, Cory Ann Leonard, Nicola Low, Benjamin Hampel, Nicole Borel","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056579","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (CT) and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (NG) are the most commonly reported sexually transmitted infections globally. Anorectal CT/NG detection among men who have sex with men (MSM) and coinfections is common. Epidemiological studies suggest that CT/NG coinfections might result in greater bacterial load and transmissibility than single infection. The purpose of this study was to compare bacterial load and symptoms between CT/NG single and coinfections in MSM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MSM positive for CT or NG on a triple swab (throat, urethra and rectal locations combined) were enrolled. Before treatment, they self-collected anorectal swabs. Bacterial loads for CT/NG were calculated using real-time PCR and compared between single or coinfected individuals, with or without rectal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 382 MSM from December 2021 to December 2024. Among all samples: total CT (n=114), total NG (n=125), CT/NG coinfection 29/382 (7.6%). The bacterial loads in single and coinfected samples were comparable. The mean difference between CT alone and CT/NG was 0.40 target copies/mL (95% CI (-0.09 to 0.89), p value=0.107). The mean difference for NG alone and CT/NG was 0.24 copies/mL (95% CI (-0.49 to 0.99), p value=0.498). Among 382 MSM, 15.4% (n=59/382) experienced anorectal symptoms. There was no statistical difference in bacterial burdens between symptomatic and asymptomatic (CT difference of the means 0.52 copies/mL, 95% CI (-0.51 to 1.55); p value=0.313) (NG difference of the means 0.63, CI (0.01 to 1.28); p value=0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In contrast to prior research, we found similar bacterial burdens in anorectal MSM samples with single CT/NG versus coinfection. Further research is needed to understand the clinical implications of CT/NG coinfections. Future studies should investigate factors influencing anorectal CT/NG bacterial burden, transmissibility and susceptibility, including the function of pre-exposure prophylaxis and the rectal microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are editors and authors ensuring the use of People-First-Charter language?","authors":"Laurie Smith, Klaudia Serwin, Deborah Williams, Colin Fitzpatrick, Daniel Richardson","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ongoing shortage of generic emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate undermines HIV prevention efforts among PrEP users in Italy.","authors":"Roberto Rossotti, Maria Cristina Moioli, Chiara Baiguera, Martina Milani, Cosimo De Giorgio, Loretta Cervi, Massimo Puoti","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056623","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of repeat syphilis infections and interinfection intervals in a retrospective clinical cohort: implications for syphilis retesting and prevention.","authors":"Tzu-Yen Evelyn Huang, Eric P F Chow, Christopher K Fairley, Francesca Azzato, Stephen Graves, Janet M Towns, Marcus Y Chen","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Syphilis infections are rising in many countries. Syphilis reinfections can occur among patients with ongoing risk. We aimed to describe the characteristics of syphilis reinfections and the interval time between syphilis reinfections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of patients with two or more syphilis infections between 2011 and 2022 diagnosed at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Australia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>474 patients, 98% men who have sex with men (MSM), had 1327 syphilis infections over 2062 person-years; 26.9% (n=357) primary syphilis, 20.9% (n=278) secondary and 48.3% (n=641) early latent syphilis. Individuals experienced up to nine syphilis infections. The proportion of people living with HIV (PLWH) increased with each subsequent syphilis infection from 40.1% (190/474) of first infections to 78.4% (29/37) of fifth infections. For first infections, the proportions were 36.5% for early latent, 31.6% for primary and 22.2% for secondary syphilis. In contrast, for fifth infections, proportions increased to 78.4% for early latent and decreased to 16.2% for primary and 5.4% for secondary syphilis. The median interinfection interval, between the first and second syphilis infection, for the entire cohort, was 656 days (IQR 325-1262 days). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users had a shorter median interinfection interval of 341 days (IQR 206-762 days), compared with the entire cohort (p<0.0001), HIV-negative patients not using PrEP (p<0.0001) and PLWH (p<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among MSM, syphilis reinfections were common, especially among PLWH and HIV-negative PrEP users, with the latter having the shortest interval between infections. These groups should be retested for syphilis with frequent serological screening, <i>Treponema pallidum</i> PCR testing of syphilis lesions and should be targeted for syphilis prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144848626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of self-reported HIV infection with oral pre-exposure prophylaxis use among women of reproductive age in Lesotho: evidence from mixed-effects estimates of nationally representative data.","authors":"Michael Ekholuenetale","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2024-056478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the association of self-reported HIV status with history of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among reproductive-age women from Lesotho.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analysed a sample of 6413 women from the 2023-24 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) data. The data were collected between November 2023 and February 2024. Categorical data were analysed with percentages and χ² tests. In addition, ever use of oral PrEP and covariates of self-reported HIV infection were investigated using binary multivariable multilevel logistic regression. HIV infection data were self-reported by the women based on their most recent HIV test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted prevalence of self-reported HIV infection among women was 22.1% (95% CI 20.6% to 23.7%). Among women who ever used oral PrEP, the prevalence of self-reported HIV infection was 13.4% (95% CI 9.9% to 17.9%), but was 24.0% (22.0% to 26.1%) among women who have never used. History of oral PrEP use was associated with 62.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.38; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.51). Respondents who have heard of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) have 27.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection when compared with those who have not heard of an STI (aOR 0.73; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.90). Women aged 25+ years at first sex had 60.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those <18 years at first sex (aOR 0.40; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.84). Women with multiple total lifetime number of sexual partners had higher odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those with single lifetime number of sexual partner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HIV infection among women in Lesotho remains high. Having a history of oral PrEP use was associated with lower odds of self-reported HIV infection. Stakeholders in healthcare should promote oral PrEP interventions and design programmes for HIV prevention among women.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake and retention in care in a group of transgender women at high risk of HIV: a French cohort of follow-up.","authors":"Valentina Isernia, Minerva Cervantes, Marc Digumber, Frezzia Peralta, Françoise Louni, André Deprez, Sylvie Le Gac, Claire Vandendriessche, Karen Champenois, Aurelie Sautereau, Antoine Bachelard, Bao Phung, Aïda Benalycherif, Roland Landman, Laszlo Blanquart, Jade Ghosn","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2024-056445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite high HIV prevalence rates among trans women (TW), few preventive interventions have targeted this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We described sociodemographic and clinical data from a cohort of TW followed up for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at the Sexual Health Clinic of Bichat hospital in Paris between 2016 and 2023, via a multidisciplinary community-led PrEP programme.The total number of TW starting PrEP and having ongoing follow-up each year was assessed. We described retention in care at 3, 6 and 12 months and median time of follow-up. Incidence of PrEP discontinuation was calculated using Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2016 and December 2023, 209 TW have been followed up for PrEP at Bichat Hospital, with a median age of 36 years and mostly originating from South America (79.4%, 166/209). Seventy-four per cent of TW (155/209) were sex workers and 53.6% (112/209) had regular health insurance. Most of TW were on daily PrEP (94.3 %, 197/209).The total number of TW followed-up for PrEP per year increased from 17 in 2016 to 129 in 2023. Median time of follow-up was 10.3 months and incidence of PrEP discontinuations was 58.2 (CI 95% 49.51 to 68.57) per 100 persons-year. Retention in care at 6 and 12 months was, respectively, 62% and 38% for users who started PrEP in 2016 and 81% and 31% for those who started in 2022. Seven per cent of TW (13/190) experienced adverse events, leading to PrEP discontinuation in 10/190 cases. Two cases of HIV seroconversion were reported, both in TW who had stopped PrEP for gastrointestinal intolerance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our multidisciplinary reach-out community-led PrEP programme has increased PrEP access among our cohort of TW. Rates of retention in such a prevention programme of care remained poor. More interventions are needed to analyse PrEP barriers and improve retention in care for this specific population.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shingrix vaccination for recurrent genital herpes: a real-world clinic experience.","authors":"Bret Sheldon Palmer, Mark Walker, Andrew DeBurgh-Thomas, Kerry Rees","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056584","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferences for pre-exposure prophylaxis service package among men who have sex with men in Australia: a discrete choice experiment.","authors":"Warittha Tieosapjaroen, Curtis Chan, Doug Fraser, Kimberly E Green, Michael Cassell, Dean Murphy, Benjamin Robert Bavinton, Heather-Marie A Schmidt, Nittaya Phanuphak, Lei Zhang, Weiming Tang, Jason J Ong","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) usage remains below the Australian 75% coverage target. This study identified preferences for PrEP services shared among subgroups of men who have sex with men (MSM) living in Australia and explored heterogeneity preferences across different age groups and countries of birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MSM aged>18 years with no prior HIV diagnosis and residing in Australia completed an online discrete choice experiment between May and November 2022. The attributes included type of PrEP, service location, service cost, PrEP side effects, visit frequency and additional services. Participants were recruited through dating apps, Facebook and local MSM community organisations. We used a latent class model (LCM) to explore subgroups with similar preferences for PrEP programmes and a random parameters logit model with interactions to explore heterogeneity preferences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1894 MSM participated, with a mean age of 40 (±12) years. The LCM identified four groups of MSM who shared similar preferences for PrEP services: 'Long-acting oral or injectable PrEP from community clinics' (22% of participants), 'Daily oral PrEP from pharmacies' (5%), 'Long-acting oral PrEP from pharmacies' (52%) and 'injectable PrEP from the hospital' (22%). The group preferring injectable PrEP (22%) preferred accessing PrEP services at hospitals offering sexually transmitted infection testing every 6 months, with a willingness to pay a small fee ($A25). They were willing to endure mild pain at the injection site as a side effect of injectable PrEP. Compared with Australian-born, overseas-born MSM preferred PrEP services offering injectable PrEP. Compared with younger MSM, MSM over 30 years old preferred services offering daily PrEP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a growing demand for alternatives to oral daily PrEP, with a significant group preferring services including long-acting oral or injectable PrEP and willing to pay a small fee to access it. The majority preferred decentralising access to PrEP through pharmacies. Diverse preferences for PrEP service delivery signify tailored PrEP implementation initiatives to increase PrEP coverage among underserviced populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of chlamydial, gonococcal and syphilis positivity by anatomical site and sex via self-collected biospecimens using at-home testing kits among a large and diverse cohort of men and women enrolled in the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) in the USA.","authors":"Matthew J Mimiaga, Jiahao Tian, Izzy Chiu, Elizabeth A Yonko, Gilda Noori, Najib Aziz, Beth D Jamieson, Yuhang Qian, Maria L Alcaide, Michael Augenbraun, M Reuel Friedman, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Jodie Dionne-Odom, Gypsyamber D'Souza, Andrew Edmonds, Deborah Konkle-Parker, Audrey L French, Ighovwerha Ofotokunc, Frank J Palella, Michael W Plankey, Anjali Sharma, Phyllis C Tien, Ken Ho, Adam J Visconti, Roger Detels","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056508","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056508","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM), transgender women, cisgender women and cisgender men who have sex with women only (MSW) have differential risk of acquiring &lt;i&gt;Chlamydia trachomatis&lt;/i&gt; (CT) and &lt;i&gt;Neisseria gonorrhoeae&lt;/i&gt; (GC), the two most commonly reported bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the USA. Similarly, MSM and transgender women have a higher number of syphilis infections in the USA than other groups. The presence of any of these three STIs is a significant risk factor for HIV acquisition and transmission, unless taking antiretroviral medication for HIV prevention (pre-exposure prophylaxis) or treatment (antiretroviral therapy). We sought to understand the prevalence rates of STIs in various vulnerable populations by anatomical site, sex and gender, which will inform the development of targeted prevention interventions and guide future updates to national testing guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Participants are enrolled in the MACS (Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study)/WIHS (Women's Interagency HIV Study) Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS)-the longest-running observational study of both people living with HIV (PLWH) and sociodemographically similar people living without HIV (PLWOH) in the world-with a total of 13 clinical research sites across the USA; participants (N=5700) complete quantitative assessments related to a variety of behavioural and health-related factors every 6 months. Regardless of whether or not they were sexually active or symptomatic/asymptomatic, all enrolled participants (ie, cisgender MSM, transgender women, cisgender women and cisgender MSW) were asked to complete surveillance testing for bacterial STIs (ie, syphilis, CT and GC). In addition to urethral samples, cisgender MSM, transgender women and cisgender MSW collected samples to test for extragenital pharyngeal and rectal CT and GC. Using at-home testing kits, participants self-collected biospecimens (ie, dried blood spots (DBS)/ microtainer of blood, urine and rectal and pharyngeal swabs) which were mailed to a central laboratory for nucleic acid amplification testing (for CT/GC) and syphilis testing using the reverse algorithm. STI results were linked to participants' HIV testing data and self-administered surveys on sociodemographics, sexual behaviours and psychosocial factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among those tested, 24.6% of cisgender MSM, 25.8% of transgender women, 7.4% of cisgender women and 14.6% cisgender MSW tested positive for at least one STI. Multiple STIs/anatomical sites were detected in 3.9% of participants, with the highest prevalence among transgender women (9.7%). Current/past syphilis prevalence was 11.2% across all participants, with cisgender MSM (19.7%) and transgender women (19.4%) having a higher prevalence than cisgender women (6.4%) and cisgender MSW (12.6%). Regarding CT, 2.1% of the participants tested were positive at one anatomical site. Among those who h","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}