{"title":"莱索托育龄妇女自我报告的艾滋病毒感染与口服暴露前预防使用的关系：来自全国代表性数据的混合效应估计的证据","authors":"Michael Ekholuenetale","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056478","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the association of self-reported HIV status with history of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among reproductive-age women from Lesotho.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analysed a sample of 6413 women from the 2023-24 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) data. The data were collected between November 2023 and February 2024. Categorical data were analysed with percentages and χ<sup>2</sup> tests. In addition, ever use of oral PrEP and covariates of self-reported HIV infection were investigated using binary multivariable multilevel logistic regression. HIV infection data were self-reported by the women based on their most recent HIV test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted prevalence of self-reported HIV infection among women was 22.1% (95% CI 20.6% to 23.7%). Among women who ever used oral PrEP, the prevalence of self-reported HIV infection was 13.4% (95% CI 9.9% to 17.9%), but was 24.0% (22.0% to 26.1%) among women who have never used. History of oral PrEP use was associated with 62.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.38; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.51). Respondents who have heard of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) have 27.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection when compared with those who have not heard of an STI (aOR 0.73; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.90). Women aged 25+ years at first sex had 60.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those <18 years at first sex (aOR 0.40; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.84). Women with multiple total lifetime number of sexual partners had higher odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those with single lifetime number of sexual partner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HIV infection among women in Lesotho remains high. Having a history of oral PrEP use was associated with lower odds of self-reported HIV infection. Stakeholders in healthcare should promote oral PrEP interventions and design programmes for HIV prevention among women.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Association of self-reported HIV infection with oral pre-exposure prophylaxis use among women of reproductive age in Lesotho: evidence from mixed-effects estimates of nationally representative data.\",\"authors\":\"Michael Ekholuenetale\",\"doi\":\"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056478\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the association of self-reported HIV status with history of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among reproductive-age women from Lesotho.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analysed a sample of 6413 women from the 2023-24 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) data. The data were collected between November 2023 and February 2024. Categorical data were analysed with percentages and χ<sup>2</sup> tests. In addition, ever use of oral PrEP and covariates of self-reported HIV infection were investigated using binary multivariable multilevel logistic regression. HIV infection data were self-reported by the women based on their most recent HIV test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted prevalence of self-reported HIV infection among women was 22.1% (95% CI 20.6% to 23.7%). Among women who ever used oral PrEP, the prevalence of self-reported HIV infection was 13.4% (95% CI 9.9% to 17.9%), but was 24.0% (22.0% to 26.1%) among women who have never used. History of oral PrEP use was associated with 62.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.38; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.51). Respondents who have heard of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) have 27.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection when compared with those who have not heard of an STI (aOR 0.73; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.90). Women aged 25+ years at first sex had 60.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those <18 years at first sex (aOR 0.40; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.84). Women with multiple total lifetime number of sexual partners had higher odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those with single lifetime number of sexual partner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HIV infection among women in Lesotho remains high. Having a history of oral PrEP use was associated with lower odds of self-reported HIV infection. Stakeholders in healthcare should promote oral PrEP interventions and design programmes for HIV prevention among women.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21624,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Sexually Transmitted Infections\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Sexually Transmitted Infections\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2024-056478\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2024-056478","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：本研究调查了莱索托育龄妇女自我报告的艾滋病毒状况与口服暴露前预防（PrEP）使用史的关系。方法：本研究分析了来自2023-24年莱索托人口与健康调查（LDHS）数据的6413名妇女样本。这些数据是在2023年11月至2024年2月期间收集的。分类资料采用百分比检验和χ2检验进行分析。此外，使用二元多变量多水平logistic回归分析了口服PrEP的使用情况和自报HIV感染的协变量。艾滋病毒感染数据由妇女根据其最近的艾滋病毒检测自我报告。结果：女性自我报告的HIV感染加权患病率为22.1% （95% CI为20.6% ~ 23.7%）。在曾经使用过口服PrEP的妇女中，自我报告的艾滋病毒感染率为13.4%(95%可信区间9.9%至17.9%)，但在从未使用过口服PrEP的妇女中，这一比例为24.0%（22.0%至26.1%）。口服PrEP史与自我报告HIV感染几率降低62.0%相关(调整OR (aOR) 0.38；95% CI 0.28 ~ 0.51)。与没有听说过性传播感染的受访者相比，听说过性传播感染（STI）的受访者自我报告感染艾滋病毒的几率降低了27.0% (aOR 0.73；95% CI 0.59 ~ 0.90)。25岁以上首次性行为的妇女自我报告感染艾滋病毒的几率降低了60.0%。结论：莱索托妇女的艾滋病毒感染率仍然很高。有口服PrEP使用史的人自我报告感染HIV的几率较低。卫生保健领域的利益攸关方应促进口服PrEP干预措施，并设计妇女预防艾滋病毒的规划。
Association of self-reported HIV infection with oral pre-exposure prophylaxis use among women of reproductive age in Lesotho: evidence from mixed-effects estimates of nationally representative data.
Objectives: This study examined the association of self-reported HIV status with history of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among reproductive-age women from Lesotho.
Methods: This study analysed a sample of 6413 women from the 2023-24 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) data. The data were collected between November 2023 and February 2024. Categorical data were analysed with percentages and χ2 tests. In addition, ever use of oral PrEP and covariates of self-reported HIV infection were investigated using binary multivariable multilevel logistic regression. HIV infection data were self-reported by the women based on their most recent HIV test.
Results: The weighted prevalence of self-reported HIV infection among women was 22.1% (95% CI 20.6% to 23.7%). Among women who ever used oral PrEP, the prevalence of self-reported HIV infection was 13.4% (95% CI 9.9% to 17.9%), but was 24.0% (22.0% to 26.1%) among women who have never used. History of oral PrEP use was associated with 62.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.38; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.51). Respondents who have heard of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) have 27.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection when compared with those who have not heard of an STI (aOR 0.73; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.90). Women aged 25+ years at first sex had 60.0% reduction in the odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those <18 years at first sex (aOR 0.40; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.84). Women with multiple total lifetime number of sexual partners had higher odds of self-reported HIV infection, when compared with those with single lifetime number of sexual partner.
Conclusions: HIV infection among women in Lesotho remains high. Having a history of oral PrEP use was associated with lower odds of self-reported HIV infection. Stakeholders in healthcare should promote oral PrEP interventions and design programmes for HIV prevention among women.
期刊介绍：
Sexually Transmitted Infections is the world’s longest running international journal on sexual health. It aims to keep practitioners, trainees and researchers up to date in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of all STIs and HIV. The journal publishes original research, descriptive epidemiology, evidence-based reviews and comment on the clinical, public health, sociological and laboratory aspects of sexual health from around the world. We also publish educational articles, letters and other material of interest to readers, along with podcasts and other online material. STI provides a high quality editorial service from submission to publication.
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