Sexually Transmitted Infections最新文献

{"title":"Screening for gonorrhoea and chlamydia: identifying key target populations and intensity-a modelling study of MSM in Belgium.","authors":"Achilleas Tsoumanis, Thibaut Vanbaelen, Christophe Van Dijck, Chris Kenyon, Niel Hens","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (CT) and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (NG) are two of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM). Screening for CT and NG has been promoted as an intervention to reduce the prevalence of these STIs. We aimed to evaluate the effect of different screening intensities on the prevalence of CT, NG and the emergence of azithromycin-resistant NG (AR-NG) in an MSM population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a network-based model for CT and NG transmission among MSM in Belgium to estimate the prevalence of CT, NG and AR-NG in the population. The model simulates transmission of CT/NG among three anatomical sites in a population of 10 000 MSM, divided into high-activity and low-activity groups, over 10 years. The effect of different screening frequencies and coverage was evaluated in terms of CT, NG and AR-NG prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gonorrhoea prevalence ranged between 12% and 16% in scenarios screening 0-80% of the population. Screening among the low-activity MSM (LA-MSM) group had little effect on NG prevalence but increased the risk of AR-NG. Infrequent screening (less than every 180 days) with high coverage (over 40%) resulted in the highest risk for the spread of AR-NG in the population. Screening up to 40% of low-activity (HA-MSM) every 90 days and up to 20% of LA-MSM reduced NG prevalence to 14% without selecting for AMR. Screening coverage and frequency had little impact on CT prevalence in all scenarios.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our model suggests that NG/CT screening has a modest effect in controlling the prevalence of these infections in the MSM population in Belgium. Screening efforts should move away from LA-MSM. Screening alone would not be sufficient to control the CT/NG epidemic, and future models should incorporate the impact of additional interventions such as vaccination and doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regression-based risk scores using sociodemographic and sexual behaviour data do not predict asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections among HIV PrEP users.","authors":"Vita Willemijn Jongen, Maarten Schim van der Loeff, Daphne Amanda van Wees, Mark van den Elshout, Christian J P A Hoebe, Hannelore M Götz, Henry de Vries, Maria Prins, Elske Hoornenborg, Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers, Anders Boyd","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Among users of oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), condom use is low and incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is high, hence guidelines recommend STI screening every 3-6 months. Identifying individuals with higher asymptomatic STI risk for targeted screening may offer an opportunity to reduce the burden of STI screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Netherlands, PrEP has been offered through the National PrEP Pilot Program since 2019, which includes screening every 3 months. We included data of all individuals who received care through the PrEP programme between July 2019 and June 2022 and attended at least one PrEP care visit. STI-related symptoms and notification of possible STI exposure by sexual partners are recorded during each visit. We assessed the predictors of any chlamydia, gonorrhoea or syphilis infection diagnosed during routine asymptomatic STI screening (ie, no reported symptoms or partner notification) using logistic regression and calculated risk scores from coefficients of the multivariable logistic regression model. We estimated the sensitivity and specificity for the optimal prediction score cut-off.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 11 035 included individuals (97% men who have sex with men), 14 926 bacterial STIs (9114 diagnosed during routine asymptomatic screening) were diagnosed during a median of 24 months (IQR 15-30) of follow-up. We found that PrEP users who engaged in sex work, had condomless anal sex, participated in group sex or chemsex (ie, use of gamma-hydroxybutyrate/gamma-butyrolactone, mephedrone or crystallised methamphetamine during sex), injected drugs or used alcohol or non-chemsex-related drugs during sex had an increased risk of STIs diagnosed during routine asymptomatic screening. PrEP users born in the Netherlands and those who attended college or university had a lower STI risk. A risk score using these covariates resulted in a sensitivity of 0.55 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.56) and specificity of 0.55 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.55). Individuals eligible for STI screening accounted for 54% of STIs diagnosed during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using routinely available demographic and behavioural data, it was not possible to construct a well-performing risk score to identify individuals at high risk of STIs diagnosed during routine asymptomatic screening. Other factors, methods or ways to analyse data may be needed to increase predictive capacity for STI risk scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and validating a Bayesian clinical risk prediction model for three sexually transmitted infections in key populations from two Canadian provinces.","authors":"Fiorella Vialard, Qihuang Zhang, Duncan Webster, Stefanie Materniak, Alexandre Dumont Blais, Suma Nair, Susan Bartlett, Nitika Pant Pai","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056286","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Across Canada, in the last decade, incidence rates of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBI) have peaked (syphilis) or plateaued (hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV). Key populations (gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men, trans and gender-diverse people, and people who use injection drugs) are at greater risk for these STBBIs, so correctly predicting risk before screening potentially infected individuals is crucial. We developed and validated a diagnostic clinical risk prediction model (CRPM) estimating HIV, HCV and syphilis risk for two key populations in two Canadian provinces.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used 20 variables and STBBI test results from a cross-sectional study evaluating multiplexed testing (detection of coinfections) in New Brunswick and Quebec (n=400) to develop our CRPM. We randomly split the data into development (n=300) and validation (n=100) datasets using clinic-stratified sampling. We used Bayesian predictive projection with development data to select ranked STBBI predictors. We obtained the ORs of the highest performing submodel measured as area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity with 89% credible intervals (89% CrI) using validation data. Analyses were performed in R (≥V.4.2.3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 400 participants, 73 were infected with HIV (n=16), HCV (n=60), and/or syphilis (n=5). An internally validated submodel with two predictors (<i>past drug injection</i>, <i>type of past sexually transmitted infection</i>) displayed the highest AUC (0.79; 89% CrI 0.66 to 0.79), sensitivity (0.85; 89% CrI 0.79 to 0.91) and specificity (0.30; 89% CrI 0.15 to 0.50). The predictor contributing most to STBBI risk was <i>past drug injection</i> (OR=7.62; 89% CrI 4.41 to 13.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This Bayesian-based CRPM is the first to identify high-risk individuals for HIV, HCV and syphilis with an overall good performance that minimises case missing. After additional validation, it could serve as a promising novel tool for prescreening key populations and improve Canadian STBBI multiplexed screening strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oropharyngeal gonorrhoea infections among young heterosexual users of online sexual health services across the island of Ireland.","authors":"Abbie Harrison, Justin Harbottle, Mark Campbell, Kate O'Donnell, Melissa Perry, Alison Sykes, Chris Nugent, Declan T Bradley, Paula Baraitser, Derval Igoe, Fionae Lyons, Rachel Coyle","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056487","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There is limited evidence about the prevalence of oropharyngeal gonorrhoea (OPNG) in heterosexuals. To test the hypothesis that the oropharynx acts as a reservoir for gonorrhoea, potentially contributing to high rates of infection, we assessed OPNG positivity in self-sampling individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From November 2023 to March 2024, SH:24, an online postal self-sampling service, expanded gonorrhoea (NG) nucleic acid amplification testing to include oropharyngeal swabs for heterosexual individuals aged 17-24 years in Northern Ireland and Ireland. Participants were included if they identified as heterosexual with no same or both-gender sexual partners. Positivity was compared by sex and infection site, with χ² tests. Island-of-Ireland weighted positivity with 95% CI was estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OPNG was detected in 92% (208/226) of NG cases, representing 2.9% (95% CI 2.6 to 3.4) of the tested population. Single-site OPNG infections accounted for 63% (143/226) of cases, corresponding to an overall single-site oropharyngeal positivity of 1.9% (95% CI 1.7 to 2.4). Genital-only infections occurred in 8% (18/226) of cases, while concurrent oral and genital (multisite) infections were identified in 29% (65/226). Overall NG positivity (across all anatomical sites) was 3.2% (226/7009; 95% CI 2.8 to 3.7). Of 12 011 individuals who requested a self-sampling kit, 7036 (58.6%) returned both oropharyngeal and genital swabs suitable for analysis, with valid test results available for 7009 individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest the oropharynx is a common NG infection site among young heterosexuals, often occurring independently of genital infection. Most OPNG cases (63%) did not coincide with genital infection and would have been missed by testing protocols limited to urogenital sites. These results suggest a potential risk for onward transmission, the need to consider a review of testing guidelines in this population and further research to better understand behavioural risk factors associated with OPNG positivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local cluster of gonorrhoea strains harbouring the <i>Neisseria meningitidis porA</i> gene: a re-emerging diagnostic escape mutant.","authors":"Emily Goldstein, Roisin Ure, Andrew Winter, Alison Currie, Martin McHugh, Michel Doumith, Michelle Jayne Cole, Andrew Smith, Rory N Gunson","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2025-056520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2025-056520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> specimens that exhibit diagnostic escape when the gonococcal <i>porA</i> pseudogene is employed as the target of nucleic-acid amplification tests (NAATs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight NAAT specimens, from five patients, were identified as potential <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> diagnostic escape mutants over a 7-month period (2023-2024) in Scotland. All specimens tested positive for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> on the first-line NAAT, which uses the <i>opa</i> gene target. However, all tested <i>porA</i> negative with confirmatory testing using a NAAT which included both <i>opa</i> and <i>porA</i> targets. To investigate these false-negative results, whole genome sequencing was performed on available gonococcal isolates (n=4) from the three patients in which cultures had been collected, and a nested PCR approach was applied directly to NAAT specimens for the remaining two patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> isolates were all multilocus sequence type ST-9363, a common genotype. However, these genomes harboured a neisserial <i>porA</i> gene (NEIS1364, allele 3890) typically found in <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>. This meningococcal <i>porA</i> gene is not detected in the <i>N. gonorrhoeae porA</i> pseudogene confirmation assay, resulting in false negative results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report a novel strain of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> containing a <i>porA</i> gene derived from <i>N. meningitidis</i> resulting in diagnostic escape when using a commonly employed <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> NAAT target. While our findings suggest this may be a local cluster, ongoing vigilance is required both within the diagnostic and sexual health communities to prevent misdiagnoses and maintain diagnostic assurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular investigation of a new HIV-1 outbreak among people who inject drugs in Greece: evidence for a dense network of HIV-1 transmission.","authors":"Evangelia Georgia Kostaki, Evangelia Papadimitriou, Fani Chatzopoulou, Sotirios Roussos, Efrosini Tsirogianni, Mina Psichogiou, Ioannis Goulis, Georgios Kalamitsis, Anastasia Maria Kefala, Lemonia Skoura, Theofilos Chrysanthidis, Symeon Metallidis, Chrysa Tsiara, Dimitra Paraskeva, Gkikas Magiorkinis, Apostolos Beloukas, Angelos Hatzakis, Vana Sypsa, Dimitrios Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios Paraskevis","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2024-056452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Αn HIV-1 outbreak was identified among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Thessaloniki, Greece, during 2019-2021. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of this outbreak by means of molecular epidemiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 57 sequences from PWID sampled in Thessaloniki during 2019-2023. Phylogenetic trees were inferred using all subtype A sequences from PWID sampled since 1999 in Greece and reference sequences (n=4824). Phylodynamic analysis was performed using the Bayesian birth-death skyline serial model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the 57 study sequences belonged to sub-subtypes A6 (49, 86%) and A1 (4, 7%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that two (50%) A1 sequences clustered together and 47 (95.9%) A6 sequences fell within three PWID-specific phylogenetic clusters. The 99.6% and 77.9% of pairwise genetic distances within the largest and second largest PWID clusters were lower than 0.015 substitutions/site. Using a more stringent threshold (0.0015 substitutions/site), we identified five networks of sequences from PWID infected within 1 year. The effective reproduction number (R_e) started to increase at the beginning of 2019 and remained high almost until the end of 2021. The estimated time from HIV-1 infection to diagnosis showed an increasing trend during 2020-2023 (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The regional clustering of the PWID sequences and their low genetic divergence confirm its local spreading and the recent nature of the outbreak. Using a stringent genetic distance threshold, we showed that HIV-1 transmission occurred among large groups of PWID. The time of epidemic growth coincided with the time of the initial identification, and HIV-1 transmission continued at high rates until 2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrelationship between chemsex engagement and PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) experience in men who have sex with men: a community-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ngai Sze Wong, Sze Long Chung, Krystal Chi-Kei Lee, Shui-Shan Lee","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056331","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemsex engagement is known to be associated with higher-risk sexual behaviour, HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI). To reduce HIV infection risk, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is increasingly used in the men who have sex with men (MSM) community. This study aims to examine the interrelationship between chemsex engagement and PrEP use in MSM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study with the recruitment of MSM in the community in Hong Kong. Participating MSM were invited to complete an online survey which included PrEP (experienced or naïve) use, chemsex engagement history and HIV test results. Chemsex engagement referred to use of specific drugs (methamphetamine and/or gamma-hydroxybutyrate) before and/or during sex. Characteristics of MSM with and without history of chemsex engagement were examined in bivariable and multivariable logistic regression. In a case-control analysis with a 1:1 ratio of PrEP-naïve and PrEP-experienced MSM, the association of chemsex engagement with history of PrEP use was examined in bivariable and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between February 2022 and January 2024, 338 eligible MSM were recruited. A higher proportion of MSM engaged in chemsex reported history of PrEP use and group sex. Prevalence of ever chemsex engagement was significantly higher in PrEP-experienced (29%) than PrEP-naïve MSM (9%) (adjusted OR=2.69, 95% CI 1.28 to 5.67), after adjustment for confounders of age, history of STI testing, multiple sex partnership and inconsistent condom use. The history of chemsex engagement in the past 6 months was associated positively with ever and recent (6 months) use of PrEP. Five out of seven PrEP-naïve MSM who had engaged in chemsex in the past 6 months indicated their intention to take PrEP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chemsex engagement was positively associated with PrEP use while most of the PrEP-naïve MSM who had recently engaged in chemsex expressed interest to start PrEP. PrEP service could be an important community platform for chemsex intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":"229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated global and regional incidence and prevalence of herpes simplex virus infections and genital ulcer disease in 2020: mathematical modelling analyses.","authors":"Manale Harfouche, Sawsan AlMukdad, Asalah Alareeki, Aisha M M Osman, Sami Gottlieb, Jane Rowley, Laith J Abu-Raddad, Katharine J Looker","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056307","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 infections are lifelong and can cause symptomatic genital ulcer disease (GUD). HSV-2 almost always causes sexually transmitted genital infection, while HSV-1 mainly causes oral infection but can be sexually transmitted to cause genital infection. This study estimated genital infection with both HSV types and associated GUD globally in 2020, breaking down the data by WHO region and sex for females and males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A calibrated mathematical model was employed to generate estimates for the incidence and prevalence of HSV-2 infection, genital HSV-1 infection, and GUD caused by both HSV types. Estimates for non-genital infections caused by HSV-1 were also generated. Model input was derived from a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analyses of HSV prevalence data for all WHO regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally in 2020 there were 25.6 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 23.1-29.4 million) people aged 15-49 years with new HSV-2 infections, and 519.5 million (95% UI 464.3-611.3 million), or 13.3% (95% UI 11.9-15.6%), with existing (prevalent) HSV-2 infections. In addition, there were 16.8 million (95% UI 10.6-22.4 million) people aged 15-49 years with new genital HSV-1 infections and 376.2 million (95% UI 235.6-483.5 million), or 10.2% (95% UI 6.4-13.1%), with prevalent genital HSV-1 infections. The estimated number of people aged 15-49 years with at least one episode of HSV-attributable GUD in 2020 was 187.9 million (95% UI 116.0-291.8 million) for HSV-2, and 16.7 million (95% UI 9.3-25.2 million) for HSV-1, totalling 204.6 million (95% UI 132.3-306.5 million).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Genital HSV infections have a high incidence and prevalence worldwide, contributing to a significant GUD disease burden. New prevention and treatment measures, such as prophylactic and therapeutic HSV vaccines, are needed critically to control HSV infections and reduce the associated disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":"214-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of improved partner notification on the transmission of HIV and <i>N. gonorrhoea</i> among men who have sex with men: a modelling study.","authors":"Maarten Reitsema, Jacco Wallinga, Birgit H B van Benthem, Eline L M Op de Coul, Ard Van Sighem, Maarten Schim van der Loeff, Maria Xiridou","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2023-055772","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2023-055772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b> Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionally affected by HIV in the Netherlands. Partner notification (PN) is an important element in controlling the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV. We investigated the effects of improving PN on the transmission of HIV and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (NG) among MSM in the Netherlands. <b>Methods</b> We developed an agent-based model that describes the transmission of HIV and NG among MSM. In the baseline scenario, 14.3% and 29.8% of casual and steady partners of the index case get notified and tested for HIV/STI after 3 weeks (percentage notified and tested (PNT)). We examined the following scenarios: (1) increase PNT to 41% for both partner types; (2) decrease the time between the index and the partners tested to 1 week and (3) combine scenarios 1 and 2. Effects are expressed as cumulative change from the baseline simulation over 15 years. <b>Results</b> Increasing PNT could lead to a decrease in gonorrhoea cases of 45% (IQR 39.9% to 49.9%), with an increase in the number of HIV/STI tests of 4.4% (IQR 1.6% to 7.3%), but no change in HIV infections (-5.4%; IQR -21% to 7.9%). Decreasing the time between tests could lead to a change in new NG infections of -14.2% (IQR -17.2% to -10%), no change in HIV infections (8.2%; IQR -1.3% to 20%) or in the number of HIV/STI tests performed (-0.4%; IQR -1.5 to 0.6%). Scenario 3 led to a change in NG infections of -56.8% (IQR -63.8% to -47.4%), no change in HIV infections (11.5%; IQR -11.1% to 33.9%) or in the number of HIV/STI tests (-0.5%; IQR: -4.9% to 4.3%). <b>Conclusions</b> Increasing the percentage of sexual partners notified and tested for HIV/STI may have only a small effect on HIV but could reduce the number of new NG infections substantially. However, it could lead to an increase in the number of HIV/STI tests performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":"236-241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interesting case of syphilis with atypical vegetative lesions.","authors":"Luca Pipitò, Roberta Gaudiano, Floriana Di Figlia, Edoardo Mandalà, Cinzia Calà, Giuseppina Capra, Antonio Cascio","doi":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056367","DOIUrl":"10.1136/sextrans-2024-056367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syphilis is a re-emerging disease, and suspicion of syphilis infection should be considered in all cases with atypical skin manifestations, mainly when there is a history of unprotected sexual intercourse. Here, we describe a case of secondary syphilis in a woman aged 42 years, who presented with an atypical, painful and itchy skin rash with vegetative cerebriform lesions, which resolved after the administration of penicillin. Multiplex PCR targeting <i>Treponema pallidum</i> on vaginal and lesion swabs, along with syphilis serology, confirmed the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21624,"journal":{"name":"Sexually Transmitted Infections","volume":" ","pages":"278-279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}