New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"Binding of PtoRAP2.12 to demethylated and accessible chromatin regions in the PtoGntK promoter stimulates growth of poplar","authors":"Yuling He, Jiaxuan Zhou, Chenfei Lv, Jinhan Zhang, Leishi Zhong, Donghai Zhang, Peng Li, Liang Xiao, Mingyang Quan, Dan Wang, Deqiang Zhang, Qingzhang Du","doi":"10.1111/nph.20228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20228","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic modification for gene regulation in plant growth and development. However, the precise mechanisms of DNA methylation remain poorly understood, especially in woody plants.</li>\u0000<li>We employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), assays for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq), and RNA-Seq to investigate epigenetic regulatory relationships in <i>Populus tomentosa</i> treated with DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacitidine. Expression-quantitative trait methylation analysis (eQTM), epigenome-wide association study (EWAS), and joint linkage-linkage disequilibrium mapping were used to explore the epigenetic regulatory genes, and using CRISPR/Cas9 to identify the role of candidate genes.</li>\u0000<li>Plant developmental abnormalities occurred when DNA methylation levels were substantially reduced. DNA methylation regulated 112 expressed genes via chromatin accessibility, of which 61 genes were significantly influenced by DNA methylation variation at the population level. One DNA methylation-regulated gene, <i>PtoGntK</i>, was located in a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for poplar growth. Overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 of <i>PtoGntK</i> revealed it affected poplar height and stem diameter. The PtoRAP2.12 was found to bind to the demethylated accessible region in the <i>PtoGntK</i> promoter, thereby promoting growth in poplar.</li>\u0000<li>This study identified key genes with epigenetic regulation for plant growth and provides insights into epigenetic regulation mechanisms in woody plants.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking seedling wood anatomical trade-offs with drought and seedling growth and survival in tropical dry forests","authors":"Andrés González-Melo, Beatriz Salgado-Negret, Natalia Norden, Roy González-M, Juan Pablo Benavides, Juan Manuel Cely, Julio Abad Ferrer, Álvaro Idárraga, Esteban Moreno, Camila Pizano, Juliana Puentes-Marín, Nancy Pulido, Katherine Rivera, Felipe Rojas-Bautista, Juan Felipe Solorzano, María Natalia Umaña","doi":"10.1111/nph.20222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20222","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h2&gt; Introduction&lt;/h2&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Water availability is a main factor driving functional and demographic variations across plant species and communities (Poorter &amp; Markesteijn, &lt;span&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt;; Phillips &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;; Comita &amp; Engelbrecht, &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;) and is expected to become increasingly important as drought is predicted to intensify in many regions world-wide (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). In this sense, understanding how plants persist under drought conditions is an important step toward predicting their response to future drier climates (Poorter &amp; Markesteijn, &lt;span&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt;; Comita &amp; Engelbrecht, &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;). Wood plays a central role in water transport (Carlquist, &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;; Baas &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;) and, thus, in species ability to persist under drought conditions (Anderegg &amp; Meinzer, &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;). In angiosperm wood, the vascular system responsible for transporting water consists of a network of interconnected vessels, and occasionally tracheids, all embedded in a matrix of fibers and parenchyma cells. Fibers primarily provide mechanical support and participate in storage in the case of living fibers, while living parenchyma cells are mainly involved in the storage of water and nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC; Carlquist, &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;). Although fibers and parenchyma cells may also participate in water transport, their roles in plant hydraulics are less recognized than that of vessels. Fibers, for example, can reinforce vessel walls and avoid vessel implosion under extreme negative pressures induced by drought (Jacobsen &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;). In turn, parenchyma cells can favor stem capacitance by storing water, which buffers fluctuations in xylem water potentials, or they can participate in vessel refilling when they are in direct contact with vessels (Sauter &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;1973&lt;/span&gt;; Morris &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018a&lt;/span&gt;,&lt;span&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;; Aritsara &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). However, the interplay among vessels, fibers and parenchyma cells under drought conditions remains elusive, as well as its effect in growth and survival.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;The allocation of wood volume to vessels, fibers and parenchyma cells may lead to anatomical and functional trade-offs (Baas &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;; Bittencourt &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;; Pratt &amp; Jacobsen, &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Two of these trade-offs may be particularly relevant to species performance under drought conditions. The first is between the wood fraction (i.e. % of wood cross-sectional area) allocated to either fibers or parenchyma cells (e.g. Ziemińska &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;; Pratt &amp; Jacobsen, &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Species with larger parenchyma fractions, and thus lower fiber fractions, generally store higher amounts of water or NSC (Plavcová &amp; Jansen, &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;; Zhang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;), at the ","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell‐type‐aware regulatory landscapes governing monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus","authors":"Chenxin Li, Maite Colinas, Joshua C. Wood, Brieanne Vaillancourt, John P. Hamilton, Sophia L. Jones, Lorenzo Caputi, Sarah E. O'Connor, C. Robin Buell","doi":"10.1111/nph.20208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20208","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>In plants, the biosynthetic pathways of some specialized metabolites are partitioned into specialized or rare cell types, as exemplified by the monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (MIA) pathway of <jats:italic>Catharanthus roseus</jats:italic> (Madagascar Periwinkle), the source of the anticancer compounds vinblastine and vincristine. In the leaf, the <jats:italic>C. roseus</jats:italic> MIA biosynthetic pathway is partitioned into three cell types with the final known steps of the pathway expressed in the rare cell type termed idioblast. How cell‐type specificity of MIA biosynthesis is achieved is poorly understood.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We generated single‐cell multi‐omics data from <jats:italic>C. roseus</jats:italic> leaves. Integrating gene expression and chromatin accessibility profiles across single cells, as well as transcription factor (TF)‐binding site profiles, we constructed a cell‐type‐aware gene regulatory network for MIA biosynthesis.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We showcased cell‐type‐specific TFs as well as cell‐type‐specific <jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>‐regulatory elements. Using motif enrichment analysis, co‐expression across cell types, and functional validation approaches, we discovered a novel idioblast‐specific TF (<jats:italic>Idioblast MYB1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CrIDM1</jats:italic>) that activates expression of late‐stage MIA biosynthetic genes in the idioblast.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>These analyses not only led to the discovery of the first documented cell‐type‐specific TF that regulates the expression of two idioblast‐specific biosynthetic genes within an idioblast metabolic regulon but also provides insights into cell‐type‐specific metabolic regulation.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ontogenetic correlates, not direct adaptation, explain the evolution of stelar morphology","authors":"Jacob S. Suissa, Karl J. Niklas, Alexandru M. F. Tomescu, William E. Friedman","doi":"10.1111/nph.20185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20185","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe primary vascular system of plants (the stele) has attracted interest from paleobotanists, developmental biologists, systematists, and physiologists for nearly two centuries. Ferns, with their diverse stelar morphology, deep evolutionary history, and prominent fossil record, have been a major focus in studies of the stele. To explain the diversity of stelar morphology, past adaptive hypotheses have invoked biomechanics, hydraulics, and drought tolerance as key selection pressures in the evolution of stelar complexity; but, these hypotheses often isolate the stele from a whole‐plant developmental context, ignoring potential covariation between vascular patterning and shoot morphology. Furthermore, incongruence between expected patterns and observed data challenge adaptive hypotheses, precluding a comprehensive explanation of stelar evolution. While ontogeny has been previously recognized as a factor in stelar diversification, it has not been fully integrated into a comprehensive framework. Here we synthesize 150‐years of research on stelar morphology, incorporating developmental, physiological, and phylogenetic data to present the <jats:italic>ontogenetic hypothesis</jats:italic> of stelar evolution. This hypothesis posits that stelar morphology is an integrated feature of whole‐plant ontogeny, not a trait shaped by direct selection for adaptive patterns. This shift in perspective provides an updated framework for understanding the determinants of stelar morphology and focusses future efforts to ask more incisive questions about the evolution and function of primary vascular architecture.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZmKTF1 promotes salt tolerance by mediating RNA‐directed DNA methylation in maize","authors":"Jinyu Wang, Leiming Zheng, Yexiang Peng, Zizheng Lu, Minghui Zheng, Zi Wang, Juan Liu, Yan He, Jinhong Luo","doi":"10.1111/nph.20225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20225","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>The epigenetic process of RNA‐directed DNA methylation (RdDM) regulates the expression of genes and transposons. However, little is known about the involvement of RdDM in the response of maize (<jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic>) to salt stress.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Here, we isolated a salt‐sensitive maize mutant and cloned the underlying gene, which encodes KOW DOMAIN‐CONTAINING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (KTF1), an essential component of the RdDM pathway. Evolutionary analysis identified two homologs of KTF1 (ZmKTF1A and ZmKTF1B) with highly similar expression patterns.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing revealed that mutations in <jats:italic>ZmKTF1</jats:italic> substantially decrease genome‐wide CHH (H = A, C, or T) methylation levels. Moreover, our findings suggest that ZmKTF1‐mediated DNA methylation regulates the expression of multiple key genes involved in oxidoreductase activity upon exposure to salt, concomitant with increased levels of reactive oxygen species. In addition, insertion–deletion mutations (InDels) in the promoter of <jats:italic>ZmKTF1</jats:italic> affect its expression, thereby altering Na<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> concentrations in seedlings in a natural maize population. Therefore, <jats:italic>ZmKTF1</jats:italic> might represent an untapped epigenetic resource for improving salt tolerance in maize.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Overall, our work demonstrates the critical role of <jats:italic>ZmKTF1</jats:italic> involved in the RdDM pathway in maize salt tolerance.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast dehydration reduces bundle sheath conductance in C4 maize and sorghum","authors":"Chandra Bellasio, Hilary Stuart‐Williams, Graham D. Farquhar, Jaume Flexas","doi":"10.1111/nph.20167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20167","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>In the face of anthropogenic warming, drought poses an escalating threat to food production. C<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> plants offer promise in addressing this threat. C<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> leaves operate a biochemical CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> concentrating mechanism that exchanges metabolites between two partially isolated compartments (mesophyll and bundle sheath), which confers high‐productivity potential in hot climates boosting water use efficiency. However, when C<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> leaves experience dehydration, photosynthesis plummets. This paper explores the physiological mechanisms behind this decline.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>In a fast dehydration experiment, we measured the fluxes and isotopic composition of water and CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> in the gas exchanged by leaves, and we interpreted results using a novel biochemical model and analysis of elasticity.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our findings show that, while CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> supply to the mesophyll and to the bundle sheath persisted during dehydration, there was a decrease in CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> conductance at the bundle sheath‐mesophyll interface.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We interpret this as causing a slowdown of intercellular metabolite exchange – an essential feature of C<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> photosynthesis. This would impede the supply of reducing power to the bundle sheath, leading to phosphoglycerate accumulation and feedback inhibition of Rubisco carboxylation. The interplay between this rapid sensitivity and the effectiveness of coping strategies that C<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> plants deploy may be an overlooked driver of their competitive performance.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subfamily C7 Raf-like kinases MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 regulate immune homeostasis and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Márcia Gonçalves Dias, Bassem Doss, Anamika Rawat, Kristen R. Siegel, Tharika Mahathanthrige, Jan Sklenar, Maria Camila Rodriguez Gallo, Paul Derbyshire, Thakshila Dharmasena, Emma Cameron, R. Glen Uhrig, Cyril Zipfel, Frank L. H. Menke, Jacqueline Monaghan","doi":"10.1111/nph.20198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20198","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h2&gt; Introduction&lt;/h2&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Plants encounter a variety of stressors in the environment that can negatively impact their growth and survival. The ability of plants to respond to danger signals such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, or pathogen attack, is critical to optimizing growth and reproduction in a changing environment. Lacking a humoral system, plants rely on innate and cell-autonomous immune responses to fight against disease. Plant cell membranes contain high-affinity transmembrane pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect highly conserved microbial molecules known as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) or endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Small peptides known as phytocytokines can also be secreted into the extracellular space, bind PRRs, and potentiate immune signaling (Gust &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;; Segonzac &amp; Monaghan, &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Plant PRRs are typically receptor kinases (RKs) or receptor-like proteins (RPs). RKs contain a ligand-binding ectodomain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular protein kinase domain, allowing them to both detect M/DAMPs and transduce the signal through substrate phosphorylation. In contrast to RKs, RPs lack a kinase domain, relying on regulatory RKs to relay the signal (DeFalco &amp; Zipfel, &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). The largest group of plant PRRs are the leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing RKs, which preferentially bind protein-based M/DAMPs. The LRR-RK FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2) binds flg22, a 22-amino acid epitope from the N-terminus of bacterial flagellin, while the LRR-RKs EF-Tu RECEPTOR (EFR) and PEP-RECEPTOR 1 and 2 (PEPR1/2) bind the 18-amino acid epitope of elongation factor Tu (elf18) or endogenous peptide AtPep1, respectively (Zipfel &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2006&lt;/span&gt;; Chinchilla &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;; Krol &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;; Yamaguchi &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;). Both RKs and RPs form heteromeric complexes with regulatory co-receptors at the plasma membrane that typically engage in reciprocal &lt;i&gt;trans&lt;/i&gt;-phosphorylation, ultimately leading to receptor complex activation and intracellular signaling, including changes in ion flux, defense gene expression, and ROS production (Couto &amp; Zipfel, &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Many PRRs associate closely with several classes of intracellular protein kinases including receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) (Liang &amp; Zhou, &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (Taj &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;), and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) (Yip Delormel &amp; Boudsocq, &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Here we focus on CPK28, a multi-functional CDPK with roles in plant growth and development (Matschi &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;), stress responses (Jin &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;; Hu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;; S. Ding &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;; Y. Ding &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;), and defense against pathogens (Monag","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient large-scale gene duplications and diversification in bryophytes illuminate the plant terrestrialization","authors":"Chao Shen, Hao Li, Lei Shu, Wen-Zhuan Huang, Rui-Liang Zhu","doi":"10.1111/nph.20221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Large-scale gene duplications (LSGDs) are crucial for evolutionary adaptation and recurrent in vascular plants. However, the role of ancient LSGDs in the terrestrialization and diversification of bryophytes, the second most species-rich group of land plants, remains largely elusive due to limited sampling in bryophytes.</li>\u0000<li>Employing the most extensive nuclear gene dataset in bryophytes to date, we reconstructed a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree from 209 species, covering virtually all key bryophyte lineages, for phylogenomic analyses of LSGDs and diversification.</li>\u0000<li>We newly identified two ancient LSGDs: one in the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of extant bryophytes and another in the MRCA of the majority of Jungermanniales <i>s. lato</i>. Duplicated genes from these two LSGDs show significant enrichment in photosynthesis-related processes and structures. Rhizoid-responsive <i>ROOTHAIR DEFECTIVE SIX-LIKE</i> (<i>RSL</i>) genes from ancient LSGDs are present in rhizoidless bryophytes, challenging assumptions about rhizoid absence mechanisms. We highlighted four major diversification rate upshifts, two of which slightly postdated LSGDs, potentially linked to the flourishing of gymnosperms and angiosperms and explaining over 80% of bryophyte diversity.</li>\u0000<li>Our findings, supported by extensive bryophyte sampling, highlight the significance of LSGDs in the early terrestrialization and diversification of bryophytes, offering new insights into land plant evolution.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The t-SNARE protein OsSYP132 is required for vesicle fusion and root morphogenesis in rice","authors":"Jianshu Zhu, Mengzhen Li, Hong Lu, Yong Li, Meiyan Ren, Jiming Xu, Wona Ding, Yong Wang, Yunrong Wu, Yu Liu, Zhongchang Wu, Xiaorong Mo, Chuanzao Mao","doi":"10.1111/nph.20180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Root morphogenesis is crucial for water and nutrient acquisition, but many aspects of root morphogenesis in crops are not well-understood.</li>\u0000<li>Here, we cloned and functionally characterized a key gene for root morphogenesis in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) based on mutant analysis. The <i>stop root morphogenesis 1</i> (<i>srm1</i>) mutant lacks crown roots (CRs) and lateral roots (LRs) and carries a point mutation in the t-SNARE coding gene <i>SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS 132</i> (<i>OsSYP132</i>), leading to a premature stop codon and ablating the post-transmembrane (PTM) region of <i>OsSYP132</i>.</li>\u0000<li>We identified the functional SNARE complex OsSYP132–OsNPSN13–OsSYP71–OsVAMP721/722 and determined that the integrity of the PTM region of OsSYP132 is essential for OsSYP132-based SNARE complex-mediated fusion of OsVAMP721/722 vesicles with the plasma membrane.</li>\u0000<li>The loss of this region in <i>srm1</i> disrupts the intercellular trafficking and plasma membrane localization of OsPIN1b, preventing proper auxin distribution in the primordia of CRs and LRs and inhibiting their outgrowth.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong nestedness and turnover effects on stand productivity in a long-term forest biodiversity experiment.","authors":"Lan Zhang,Bernhard Schmid,Franca J Bongers,Shan Li,Goddert von Oheimb,Keping Ma,Xiaojuan Liu","doi":"10.1111/nph.20210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20210","url":null,"abstract":"Multispecies planting is an important approach to deliver ecosystem functions in afforestation projects. However, the importance of species richness vs specific species composition in this context remains unresolved. To estimate species or functional group richness and compositional change between two communities, we calculated nestedness, where one community contains a subset of the species of another, and turnover, where two communities differ in species composition but not in species richness. We evaluated the effects of species/functional group nestedness and turnover on stand productivity using 315 mixed plots from a pool of 40 tree species in a large forest biodiversity experiment in subtropical China. We found that the greater the differences in species or functional group nestedness and turnover, the greater the differences in stand productivity between plots. Additionally, the strong effects of both nestedness and turnover on stand productivity developed over the 11-yr observation period. Our results indicate that selection of specific tree species is as important as planting a large number of species to support the productivity function of forests. Furthermore, the selection of specific tree species should be based on functionality, because beneficial effects of functional group composition were stronger than those of species composition.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142488221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}