New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"Role of LEAFLESS, an AP2/ERF family transcription factor, in the regulation of trichome specialized metabolism","authors":"Sabyasachi Mandal, Yohannes H. Rezenom, Thomas D. McKnight","doi":"10.1111/nph.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70198","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>Acylsugars, specialized metabolites produced by trichomes of many solanaceous species, provide protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Many acylsugar metabolic enzymes have been identified; however, regulatory factors remain unknown.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our multidisciplinary approaches identified LEAFLESS (APETALA 2/ ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) family member) as a positive regulator of acylsugar biosynthesis.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) of <jats:italic>LEAFLESS</jats:italic> in <jats:italic>Solanum pennellii</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>SpLFS</jats:italic>/<jats:italic>Sopen05g008450</jats:italic>) revealed its distinct roles in two related but separate processes: acylsugar biosynthesis and trichome development. Most acylsugar (and several flavonoid) metabolic genes were downregulated in <jats:italic>SpLFS</jats:italic>‐silenced plants and showed strong co‐expression with <jats:italic>SpLFS</jats:italic>. Phylogenetic and additional data analyses indicated trichome‐enriched expression of <jats:italic>SpLFS</jats:italic> orthologs in other acylsugar‐producing solanaceous species, and VIGS of <jats:italic>SpLFS</jats:italic> orthologs in <jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana</jats:italic> reduced acylsugar production. Transcriptional reporter showed expression of <jats:italic>SpLFS</jats:italic> in type I/IV trichome tip cells, the site of acylsugar biosynthesis. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that SpLFS directly binds to promoters of several acylsugar (and flavonoid) metabolic genes. Additionally, data mining suggested remarkable spatiotemporal functional diversity: from coordinating leaf initiation at incipient primordia (previously reported for the <jats:italic>S. lycopersicum</jats:italic> ortholog SlLFS/Solyc05g013540) to regulating trichome specialized metabolism (acylsugar and flavonoid).</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our work highlights a critical role of LEAFLESS in trichome specialized metabolism, paving the way to disentangle the acylsugar regulatory network.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BAF60/SWP73 subunits define subclasses of SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complexes in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Sebastian P Sacharowski,Szymon Kubala,Pawel Cwiek,Jaroslaw Steciuk,Dominika Gratkowska-Zmuda,Paulina Oksinska,Ernest Bucior,Anna T Rolicka,Monika Ciesla,Klaudia Nowicka,Saleh Alseekh,Takayuki Tohge,Patrick Giavalisco,Dorota L Zugaj,Sara C Stolze,Anne Harzen,Rainer Franzen,Bruno Huettel,Elzbieta Grzesiuk,Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei,Hirofumi Nakagami,Csaba Koncz,Alisdair R Fernie,Tomasz J Sarnowski","doi":"10.1111/nph.70182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70182","url":null,"abstract":"Evolutionarily conserved switch-defective/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complexes (CRCs) alter nucleosome positioning and chromatin states, affecting gene expression to regulate important processes such as proper development and hormonal signalling pathways. We employed transcript profiling, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), mass spectrometry, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation protein-protein interaction studies, along with hormone and metabolite profiling and phenotype assessments, to distinguish the SWP73A and SWP73B subunit functions in Arabidopsis. We identified a novel subclass of SWI/SNF CRCs defined by the presence of the SWP73A subunit. Therefore, we propose a refined classification of SWI/SNF CRCs in Arabidopsis, introducing BRM-associated SWI/SNF (BAS)-A (containing SWP73A) and BAS-B (containing SWP73B) subclasses. The SWP73A- and SWP73B-carrying SWI/SNF CRCs exhibit differential properties, demonstrated by distinct chromatin binding patterns and divergent effects on hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. We additionally found that SWP73A plays a specific role in the regulation of auxin signalling, root development, metabolism and germination that cannot be fully compensated by SWP73B. We recognised that some atypical subclasses of SWI/SNF CRCs may be likely formed in mutant lines with inactivated SWP73 subunits. Our study reveals that the duplication of the SWP73 subunit genes contributes to unique and shared functions of SWI/SNF CRC subclasses in the regulation of various processes in Arabidopsis.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The uORF-HsfA1a-WOX11 module controls crown root development in rice.","authors":"Ting Zhang,Yimeng Xiang,Miaomiao Ye,Meng Yuan,Guoyong Xu,Dao-Xiu Zhou,Yu Zhao","doi":"10.1111/nph.70214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70214","url":null,"abstract":"OsWOX11 is a key essential determinant of crown root development in rice. However, either overexpression or downregulation of OsWOX11 results in pleiotropic developmental defects, including dwarfism and reduced yield. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure an optimal level of OsWOX11 expression for balancing the subterranean root system and aerial organ development. OsHsfA1a activates OsWOX11 expression by directly binding to heat stress element-like elements within its promoter. Genetic evidence demonstrated that OsHsfA1a overexpressing or knockout transgenic plants phenocopied the crown root growth in OsWOX11 transgenic plants. Additionally, increased expression of OsWOX11 in OsHsfA1a RNAi background could partially complement the defective crown root phenotypes. A uORF (uORFHsfA1a) was identified within the 5'-untranslated region of OsHsfA1a. Transient expression assays coupled with ribosome profiling revealed that uORFHsfA1a attenuated the translation efficiency of OsHsfA1a mRNA. Furthermore, HsfA1aP:uORFHsfA1a-HsfA1a-GFP plants exhibited wild-type crown root phenotypes, whereas uORFHsfA1a knockout transgenic plants displayed similar crown root phenotypes to OsWOX11 overexpressing plants. These findings suggest that uORFHsfA1a fine-tunes the crown root development by repressing OsHsfA1a translation, thereby indirectly modulating OsWOX11 transcript levels. Our study demonstrated a novel uORFHsfA1a-HsfA1a-WOX11 regulatory module that coordinated transcriptional and translational control to maintain optimal OsWOX11 expression. This mechanism ensures the trade-off between root and shoot development. Importantly, targeting uORFHsfA1a regulatory elements provided a new strategy for engineering robust root system architecture without compromising agronomic traits, thereby addressing a critical challenge in cereal crop improvement.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent invaders: the hidden threat of asymptomatic phytobiomes to forest biosecurity.","authors":"Joey B Tanney,Martin Kemler,Maria Vivas,Michael J Wingfield,Bernard Slippers","doi":"10.1111/nph.70209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70209","url":null,"abstract":"Populations of diverse, unknown, and potentially pathogenic fungi and fungus-like organisms are continuously introduced into new locations via asymptomatic infections (e.g. as endophytes or latent pathogens) within internationally traded live plants. Interactions between these asymptomatic fungi and novel recipient host trees can be unpredictable, and urban introductions may act as bridgeheads into natural and managed forests. Historical examples of novel, highly destructive forest tree diseases highlight the potential threat of this pathway. As the trade in live plants continues to expand, the likelihood of high-impact incursions increases. This has led to calls for more proactive management, including more stringent treatment and regulatory standards, and even the phasing out of trade in plants determined to be an untenable risk to forest ecosystems. In this review, we discuss how biosecurity systems should consider advances in understanding the diversity and ecology of phytobiomes associated with asymptomatic plants and what measures can be considered to reduce this threat to global forest health.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress and future directions of biogeographical comparisons of plant-fungal interactions in invasion contexts.","authors":"Arpad E Thoma,Ylva Lekberg,Dávid U Nagy,Min Sheng,Erik Welk,Christoph Rosche","doi":"10.1111/nph.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70228","url":null,"abstract":"Plant invasions are biogeographical phenomena that may involve shifts in belowground plant-fungal interactions, such as the release from fungal pathogens or more beneficial interactions with mutualists in nonnative ranges. However, native and nonnative ranges are not uniform but environmentally heterogeneous, and plant-fungal interactions are strongly shaped by spatio-environmental context. Intense discussion at the 45th New Phytologist Symposium revealed that we lack information on how well spatio-environmental variation within ranges has been considered in samplings and analyses of studies comparing plant-fungal interactions between ranges. Through a systematic review, we assessed the sampling quality of recent biogeographical studies. We found that the majority relied on a limited population sampling within each range, often covering only a small fraction of the species' spatial distribution and macroclimatic niche. Additionally, low similarity between the sampled climatic gradients in the native and nonnative ranges might have introduced false-positive differences across ranges. These sampling deficiencies may undermine the robustness and representativeness of range comparisons, thereby restricting our ability to accurately assess the role of plant-fungal interactions in invasion success. We recommend that future research incorporate broader and more comparable spatio-environmental variation in both ranges, and we provide practical guidelines for improving sampling designs.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous sugar addition can exacerbate root carbon limitation in trees.","authors":"Yan-Li Zhang,Arthur Gessler,Marco M Lehmann,Marcus Schaub,Matthias Saurer,Andreas Rigling,Mai-He Li","doi":"10.1111/nph.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70231","url":null,"abstract":"In most tree species, roots serve as major carbon (C) sinks, where C is depleted first when C assimilation is limited. Recent methodological advancements in sugar infusion allow for a better understanding of physiological processes alleviating root C limitation. We conducted a glasshouse experiment with maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) saplings that underwent defoliation followed by either slow, fast, or no 13C-labeled glucose infusion. We measured photosynthetic parameters, nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations, and δ13C in cellulose of leaves, twigs, and fine roots, as well as the isotopic composition of dark-respired CO2. Sugar infusion induced photosynthetic downregulation and leaf senescence in maple but not in pine. Leaf photosynthesis was negatively correlated with leaf NSC concentration in maple. These responses exacerbated root C limitation in maple. Conversely, pine maintained stable photosynthetic rates and needle NSC concentrations across treatments, showing the potential of sugar infusion to mitigate root C limitation. Our study suggests that exogenous sugar supply reduces the root C availability when it impairs a plant's photosynthetic performance. Species-specific differences influence infused sugar transport and overall source-sink responses. Alleviating C limitation in roots via exogenous sugar addition is feasible only if photosynthesis is not impeded.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fitness effects of outcrossing distance depend on parental flowering phenology in fragmented populations of a tallgrass prairie forb.","authors":"Amy Waananen,Jennifer L Ison,Stuart Wagenius,Ruth G Shaw","doi":"10.1111/nph.70240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70240","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomena of isolation-by-distance and isolation-by-time shapecontra mating patterns and population genetic processes, such as inbreeding and outbreeding depression, which influence progeny fitness. However, the effects of parental isolation in time on offspring fitness remain understudied, especially in combination with isolation-by-distance. We planted offspring from a common garden experiment involving 13 populations of the tallgrass prairie forb Echinacea angustifolia into a prairie restoration and tracked their fitness over 16 yr. Parental source populations were up to 9 km apart, and flowering asynchronies spanned up to 13 d. Using Aster life-history analysis, we assessed how interparent distance and asynchrony affected offspring fitness. Interparent asynchrony modified the relationship between interparent distance and offspring fitness. Offspring with the highest fitness had parents from the most distant populations, with maternal plants flowering later than paternal plants. Notably, the order of parental flowering, rather than the absolute difference in timing, better predicted fitness. Nongenetic aspects of reproductive timing, such as morphological constraints, may have contributed to these effects. We suggest management strategies to promote outcrossing over space and time, including leveraging seed production environments.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The E3 ubiquitin ligases RING DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 1117 1 (RDUF1) and RDUF2 control seedling photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Annayasa Modak,Shivani Singh,Chirag Singhal,Gouranga Upadhyaya,Jinia Chakrabarty,Sreeramaiah N Gangappa","doi":"10.1111/nph.70169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70169","url":null,"abstract":"The CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)-ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) circuit controls plant seedling photomorphogenesis. Regulation of HY5 protein levels is key for optimal photomorphogenic growth. This study identified the E3 ubiquitin ligases Really Interesting New Gene (RING) DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 1117 1 (RDUF1) and RDUF2 as novel components of the COP1-HY5 pathway in Arabidopsis. The RDUF1 and RDUF2 knockout mutants exhibited longer hypocotyls with reduced photopigment accumulation than the wild-type. In comparison, the overexpression transgenic lines showed shorter hypocotyls with enhanced photomorphogenic responses in a wavelength-independent manner. HY5 directly binds to the RDUF1 and RDUF2 promoters through the G-box, activating their expression in response to light. Epistatic analysis and biochemical data showed that RDUF1 and RDUF2 genetically interact with and stabilize the HY5 protein, plausibly engaging the N77 part of HY5 and preventing COP1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. In the dark, COP1 physically interacted with and ubiquitinated RDUF1 and RDUF2, subjecting them to degradation to keep HY5 levels low and promote skotomorphogenesis. However, light-mediated inhibition of COP1 activity mediated by photoreceptors increased RDUF1 and RDUF2 accumulation, enhancing HY5 protein stability and photomorphogenesis. This study establishes COP1-RDUF1/RDUF2-HY5 as a regulatory module of seedling photomorphogenesis under dynamic light cues.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genetic basis of replicated bullseye pattern reduction across the Hibiscus trionum complex","authors":"May T. S. Yeo, Alice L. M. Fairnie, Valentina Travaglia, Joseph F. Walker, Lucie Riglet, Selin Zeyrek, Edwige Moyroud","doi":"10.1111/nph.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70168","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>Colorful petal patterns fulfill important functions and constitute excellent systems to illuminate the evolutionary processes that generate morphological diversity or instead support the repetitive emergence of similar forms.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Here, we combined phylogenomic approaches, genetic manipulations, molecular techniques, and bee behavioral experiments to (i) solve the species relationships across the <jats:italic>Trionum</jats:italic> complex, a small <jats:italic>Hibiscus</jats:italic> clade that displays bullseye petal patterns varying in size, hue, and composition, (ii) identify key genes involved in the production of bullseye pigmentation, and (iii) reveal molecular events underpinning pattern variation during the evolution of the group.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We found that epidermal cell shape, texture, and pigmentation are genetically distinct and that pigmentation is the most labile feature across the group. We demonstrate that repetitive bullseye reduction events primarily occur through independent modifications of a single genetic locus encoding BERRY1, an R2R3 MYB (myeloblastosis) that regulates anthocyanin pigment production in petals. We also found that buff‐tailed bumblebees discriminate against flowers with smaller bullseye sizes, suggesting that changing bullseye proportions impact plant–pollinator interactions.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our results demonstrate how repeated mutations in a single locus led to morphological variation in petal patterning, a trait shown to impact plant fitness in other species and contribute to angiosperm reproductive isolation and speciation.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144104460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire directly affects tree carbon balance and indirectly affects hydraulic function: consequences for post-fire mortality in two conifers.","authors":"Charlotte C Reed,Sharon M Hood,Aaron R Ramirez,Anna Sala","doi":"10.1111/nph.70212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70212","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanistic links between fire-caused injuries and post-fire tree mortality are poorly understood. Current hypotheses differentiate effects of fire on tree carbon balance and hydraulic function, yet critical uncertainties remain about the relative importance of each and how they interact. We utilize two prescribed burns with Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine to examine: the relative evidence for fire-caused changes in hydraulic function and carbon dynamics, and how such impacts relate to fire injuries; which impacts most likely lead to post-fire mortality; and how these impacts vary by species and burn timing (fall vs spring). We find that fire-caused impacts to non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are immediate, persistent, correlated with crown injury severity, and strongly related to post-fire mortality. By contrast, hydraulic impacts are delayed and not directly attributable to fire-caused injuries, although some burned trees do exhibit signs of increased hydraulic dysfunction and water stress before death. This suggests that fire may indirectly affect tree water relations, possibly through an interaction with direct fire impacts on NSC. These findings offer a more nuanced understanding of fire's effect on post-fire tree function and mortality and are important in the context of increased fire activity in forests globally.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}