New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"Nonphotochemical quenching does not alter the relationship between sun‐induced fluorescence and gross primary production under heatwave","authors":"Michal Antala, Radosław Juszczak, Anshu Rastogi","doi":"10.1111/nph.20312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20312","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major facilitator family transporters specifically enhance caffeyl alcohol uptake during C‐lignin biosynthesis","authors":"Chunliu Zhuo, Xiaoqiang Wang, Him K. Shrestha, Paul E. Abraham, Robert L. Hettich, Fang Chen, Jaime Barros, Richard A. Dixon","doi":"10.1111/nph.20325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20325","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>The mode of transport of lignin monomers to the sites of polymerization in the apoplast remains controversial.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>C‐Lignin is a recently discovered form of lignin found in some seed coats that is composed exclusively of units derived from caffeyl alcohol.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>RNA‐seq and proteome analyses identified a number of transporters co‐expressed with C‐lignin deposition in the seed coat of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Cleome hassleriana</jats:italic></jats:styled-content>. Cloning and influx/efflux analysis assays in yeast identified two low‐affinity transporters, ChPLT3 and ChSUC1, that were active with caffeyl alcohol but not with the classical monolignols <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>‐coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohols, consistent with molecular modeling and docking studies. Expression of ChPLT3 in Arabidopsis seedlings enhanced root growth in the presence of caffeyl alcohol, and expression of ChPLT3 and ChSUC1 correlated with lignin C‐unit content in hairy roots of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Medicago truncatula</jats:styled-content>.</jats:italic></jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We present a model, consistent with phylogenetic and evolutionary considerations, whereby passive caffeyl alcohol transport may be supplemented by hitchhiking on secondary active transporters to ensure the synthesis of C‐lignin, and inhibition of synthesis of G‐lignin, in the apoplast.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles and regulatory patterns of protein isoforms in plant adaptation and development","authors":"Yong Li, Jinling Huang, Lin‐Feng Li, Peng Guo, Yihan Wang, Samuel A. Cushman, Fu‐De Shang","doi":"10.1111/nph.20327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20327","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryProtein isoforms (PIs) play pivotal roles in regulating plant growth and development that confer adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. PIs are widely present in plants and generated through alternative splicing (AS), alternative polyadenylation (APA), alternative initiation (AI), and ribosomal frameshifting (RF) events. The widespread presence of PIs not only significantly increases the complexity of genomic information but also greatly enriches regulatory networks and enhances their flexibility. PIs may also play important roles in phenotypic diversity, ecological niche differentiation, and speciation, thereby increasing the dimensions of research in molecular ecology. However, PIs pose new challenges for the quantitative analysis, annotation, and identification of genetic regulatory mechanisms. Thus, focus on PIs make genomic and epigenomic studies both more powerful and more challenging. This review summarizes the origins, functions, regulatory patterns of isoforms, and the challenges they present for future research in molecular ecology and molecular biology.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling analysis confirms the role of NPQ saturation for the divergence of the GPP–SIF relationship during heatwave","authors":"David Martini, Mirco Migliavacca, Georg Wohlfahrt","doi":"10.1111/nph.20313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FolSas2 is a regulator of early effector gene expression during Fusarium oxysporum infection","authors":"Limin Song, Yalei Wang, Fahui Qiu, Xiaoxia Li, Jingtao Li, Wenxing Liang","doi":"10.1111/nph.20337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20337","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li><i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>lycopersici</i> (<i>Fol</i>) that causes a globally devastating wilt disease on tomato relies on the secretion of numerous effectors to mount an infection, but how the pathogenic fungus precisely regulates expression of effector genes during plant invasion remains elusive.</li>\u0000<li>Here, using molecular and cellular approaches, we show that the histone H4K8 acetyltransferase FolSas2 is a transcriptional regulator of early effector gene expression in <i>Fol</i>.</li>\u0000<li>Autoacetylation of FolSas2 on K269 represses K335 ubiquitination, preventing its degradation by the 26S proteasome. During the early infection process, <i>Fol</i> elevates FolSas2 acetylation by differentially changing transcription of itself and the FolSir1 deacetylase, leading to specific accumulation of the enzyme at this stage. FolSas2 subsequently activates the expression of an array of effectors genes, and as a consequence, <i>Fol</i> invades tomato successfully.</li>\u0000<li>These findings reveal a regulatory mechanism of effector gene expression via autoacetylation of a histone modifier during plant fungal invasion.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf nonstructural carbohydrate residence time, not concentration, correlates with leaf functional traits following the leaf economic spectrum in woody plants","authors":"Shinichi Asao, Danielle A. Way, Matthew H. Turnbull, Mark Stitt, Nate G. McDowell, Peter B. Reich, Keith J. Bloomfield, Joana Zaragoza-Castells, Danielle Creek, Odhran O'Sullivan, Kristine Y. Crous, John J.G. Egerton, Nicholas Mirotchnick, Lasantha K. Weerasinghe, Kevin L. Griffin, Vaughan Hurry, Patrick Meir, Stephen Sitch, Owen K. Atkin","doi":"10.1111/nph.20315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20315","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations might reflect the strategies described in the leaf economic spectrum (LES) due to their dependence on photosynthesis and respiration.</li>\u0000<li>We examined if NSC concentrations correlate with leaf structure, chemistry, and physiology traits for 114 species from 19 sites and 5 biomes around the globe.</li>\u0000<li>Total leaf NSC concentrations varied greatly from 16 to 199 mg g⁻¹ dry mass and were mostly independent of leaf gas exchange and the LES traits. By contrast, leaf NSC residence time was shorter in species with higher rates of photosynthesis, following the fast-slow strategies in the LES. An average leaf held an amount of NSCs that could sustain one night of leaf respiration and could be replenished in just a few hours of photosynthesis under saturating light, indicating that most daily carbon gain is exported.</li>\u0000<li>Our results suggest that NSC export is clearly linked to the economics of return on resource investment.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular fingerprints of cell size sensing and mating type differentiation in pennate diatoms","authors":"Darja Belišová, Gust Bilcke, Sien Audoor, Sofie D'hondt, Lieven De Veylder, Klaas Vandepoele, Wim Vyverman","doi":"10.1111/nph.20334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20334","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>A unique cell size-sensing mechanism is at the heart of the life cycle of diatoms. During population growth, cell size decreases until a sexual size threshold (SST) is reached, below which cells become sexually competent. In most pennate diatoms, the two mating types undergo biochemical and behavioral differentiation below the SST, although the molecular pathways underlying their size-dependent maturation remain unknown.</li>\u0000<li>Here, we developed a method to shorten the generation time of <i>Cylindrotheca closterium</i> through single-cell microsurgery, enabling the transcriptomic comparison of genetically identical large and undifferentiated cells with small, sexually competent cells for six different genotypes.</li>\u0000<li>We identified 21 genes upregulated in small cells regardless of their mating type, revealing how cells undergo specific transcriptional reprogramming when passing the SST. Furthermore, we revealed a size-regulated gene cluster with three mating type-specific genes susceptible to sex-inducing pheromones. In addition, comparative transcriptomics confirmed the shared mating type specificity of Mating-type Related Minus 2 homologs in three pennate diatoms, suggesting them to be part of a conserved partner recognition mechanism.</li>\u0000<li>This study sheds light on how diatoms acquire sexual competence in a strictly size-dependent manner, revealing a complex machinery underlying size-dependent maturation, mating behavior, and heterothally in pennate diatoms.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drastic mycorrhizal community shifts in Sceptridium ferns during the generation transition from fully mycoheterotrophic gametophytes to photosynthetic sporophytes","authors":"Kenji Suetsugu, Hidehito Okada, Shun K. Hirota, Michimasa Yamasaki, Ryoko Imaichi, Atsushi Ebihara","doi":"10.1111/nph.20330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20330","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Many plant species experience a prolonged subterranean phase during which they rely entirely on mycorrhizal fungi for carbon. While this mycoheterotrophic strategy spans liverworts, lycophytes, and ferns, most empirical research has centered on angiosperms.</li>\u0000<li>This study explores the fungal associations of <i>Sceptridium</i> (Ophioglossaceae), an early-diverging fern with mycoheterotrophic gametophytes. We analyzed germination patterns and fungal associations in <i>Sceptridium</i> gametophytes, comparing them to the distribution and mycorrhizal partners of photosynthetic sporophytes.</li>\u0000<li>High-throughput sequencing data reveal that mycoheterotrophic gametophytes consistently associate with a single <i>Entrophospora</i> fungus in the order Entrophosporales (Glomeromycotina), while photosynthetic sporophytes primarily partner with fungi from Glomeraceae (Glomerales, Glomeromycotina). Consequently, gametophytes exhibit spatial clustering without association with adult plants. This is the first documentation of an association between Entrophosporaceae (and the order Entrophosporales) and mycoheterotrophic plants.</li>\u0000<li>The drastic shifts in <i>Sceptridium</i> mycorrhizal communities across life stages likely reflect changing physiological needs during development. Further research is essential to determine whether the association with Entrophosporaceae is widespread among mycoheterotrophic species and to elucidate the functional and physiological mechanisms underlying these mycorrhizal shifts.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf warming in the canopy of mature tropical trees reduced photosynthesis due to downregulation of photosynthetic capacity and reduced stomatal conductance","authors":"Kristine Y. Crous, Kali B. Middleby, Alexander W. Cheesman, Angelina Y. M. Bouet, Michele Schiffer, Michael J. Liddell, Craig V. M. Barton, Lucas A. Cernusak","doi":"10.1111/nph.20320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Tropical forests play a large role in the global carbon cycle by annually absorbing 30% of our annual carbon emissions. However, these forests have evolved under relatively stable temperature conditions and may be sensitive to current climate warming. Few experiments have investigated the effects of warming on large, mature trees to better understand how higher temperatures affect these forests <i>in situ</i>.</li>\u0000<li>We targeted four tree species (<i>Endiandra microneura</i>, <i>Castanospermum australe</i>, <i>Cleistanthus myrianthus</i> and <i>Myristica globosa</i>) of the Australian tropical rainforest and warmed leaves in the canopy by 4°C for 8 months. We measured temperature response curves of photosynthesis and respiration, and determined the critical temperatures for chloroplast function based on Chl fluorescence.</li>\u0000<li>Both stomatal conductance and photosynthesis were strongly reduced by 48 and 35%, respectively, with warming. While reduced stomatal conductance was likely in response to higher vapour pressure deficit, the biochemistry of photosynthesis responded to higher temperatures via reduced <i>V</i>_cmax25 (−28%) and <i>J</i>_max25 (−29%). There was no shift of the <i>T</i>_opt of photosynthesis. Concurrently, respiration rates at a common temperature did not change in response to warming, suggesting limited respiratory thermal acclimation.</li>\u0000<li>This combination of physiological responses to leaf warming in mature tropical trees may suggest a reduced carbon sink with future warming in tropical forests.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamorphosis of a unicellular green alga in the presence of acetate and a spatially structured three-dimensional environment","authors":"Trang Vuong, Prateek Shetty, Ece Kurtoglu, Constanze Schultz, Laura Schrader, Patrick Then, Jan Petersen, Martin Westermann, Anxhela Rredhi, Somak Chowdhury, Ruchira Mukherji, Michael Schmitt, Jürgen Popp, Pierre Stallforth, Maria Mittag","doi":"10.1111/nph.20299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20299","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h2&gt; Introduction&lt;/h2&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Microalgae are microscopically small eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms that live in oceans, freshwater, soil, or even ice. They represent a polyphyletic group with diverse evolutionary origin and are involved in a multitude of processes of vast ecological importance. Together with the prokaryotic blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), microalgae contribute to about half of the global carbon fixation (Field &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;1998&lt;/span&gt;; Brodie &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;In the past decades, several algal genomes have been sequenced, leading to the development of genetically tractable microalgal models (Grossman, &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;; Brodie &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;; Falciatore &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). One of the first well-developed algal models is the green microalga &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; that was first isolated from a potato field in the USA (Harris, &lt;span&gt;1989&lt;/span&gt;). In its natural habitat, it is typically found in wet soil, coexisting with other microorganisms (Sasso &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). However, in laboratory settings, it is commonly cultivated axenically in liquid culture. The biciliate &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; cell has a cup-shaped chloroplast including a primitive visual system at its edge near the cell equator, called eyespot. Within the chloroplast, there is also a pyrenoid that contains RuBisCO and is surrounded by a starch sheet (Harris, &lt;span&gt;1989&lt;/span&gt;; Sasso &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; reproduces asexually by mitosis in the form of haploid vegetative cells that have mating type plus or minus. Under unfavorable environmental conditions (lack of a nitrogen source), &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; initiates a sexual life cycle, allowing sexual crosses (reviewed in Sasso &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; serves as a model for studying different biological processes, such as photosynthesis and its acclimation, the function, biogenesis and length of cilia or light-driven processes (Grossman, &lt;span&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;; Petersen &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;; Sakato-Antoku &amp; King, &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;; Ishikawa &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). The genome of &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; has been sequenced (Merchant &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;) and recently a new version from a wild-type strain was released (Craig &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Additionally, many molecular tools are available for this alga as well as large-scale mutant libraries (Li &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; Schroda, &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; Fauser &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Although there is a pressing demand for easily and rapidly cultivatable model algae in laboratory settings, we must be aware that the growth conditions in the laboratory do not reflect their predominant natural habitat. Some algae, as for example &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt;, live in soil, a highly complex habitat. A broad biodiversity of soil o","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}