New Phytologist最新文献

Old player, new roles: defining the role of the plastidial phosphorylase. 老玩家，新角色：定义的角色塑性磷酸化酶。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70308

David Seung,Slawomir Orzechowski,Joerg Fettke

{"title":"Old player, new roles: defining the role of the plastidial phosphorylase.","authors":"David Seung,Slawomir Orzechowski,Joerg Fettke","doi":"10.1111/nph.70308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70308","url":null,"abstract":"The plastidial phosphorylase (Pho1 or Phs1; E.C. 2.4.1.1) is a ubiquitous enzyme among plants that catalyzes the formation and degradation of glucans. Although the first report connecting Pho1 with starch metabolism came out > 80 years ago, its precise role is still a matter of debate. In this article, we evaluate the catalytic and regulatory mechanisms of Pho1 in the context of known mechanisms in its animal, fungal, and bacteria homologs. We further discuss recent breakthroughs in understanding Pho1's function in initiating starch granule formation. This role is relevant to both photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic tissues, as loss of Pho1 affects the regulation of the number of transitory starch granules in Arabidopsis leaves under various metabolic contexts, as well as the number of storage starch granules and/or starch granule morphology in wheat endosperm and potato tubers. Our comparison of phosphorylases across kingdoms reveals several regulatory mechanisms that require further investigation in plants. We also discuss emerging research on Pho1 protein interactions that give rise to other metabolic processes, such as photosynthesis. Overall, these multiple emerging roles of phosphorylase emphasize its importance in plant metabolism and its broad potential as a target for crop improvement.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automated extraction of leaf mass per area from digitized herbarium specimens. 从数字化植物标本中自动提取每面积叶质量。

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70292

Thais Vasconcelos,William N Weaver,Aly Baumgartner,Zoë Bugnaski,James Boyko

{"title":"Automated extraction of leaf mass per area from digitized herbarium specimens.","authors":"Thais Vasconcelos,William N Weaver,Aly Baumgartner,Zoë Bugnaski,James Boyko","doi":"10.1111/nph.70292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70292","url":null,"abstract":"The digitization of vast herbarium collections has made millions of plant specimen images freely available online, which can now be used to generate phenotypic datasets of unprecedented scope. Here, we assess the potential of computer vision tools to automate the extraction of predicted leaf mass per area (LMApred) from digitized herbarium specimens. We use an automated pipeline to extract leaf area and petiole width from 22 680 leaves, representing a phylogenetic informed sample of 1580 species of woody angiosperms. LMApred is estimated using a proxy equation that models the scaling relationship between petiole width and leaf mass. We assess potential sources of error in LMApred estimates and evaluate whether documented LMA-climate patterns are recovered using this dataset and phylogenetic comparative methods. Our LMApred dataset responds mainly to temperature and solar radiation and presents a positive correlation with latitude. The proxy equation, not the automated pipeline, is responsible for most of the error in LMApred estimates. Our pipeline underscores the power of combining herbarium digitization with new techniques for automated trait scoring. The increased size of datasets generated using this tool allows investigation of potential LMA-climate relationships with a geographically balanced sample while also utilizing comprehensive phylogenetic information.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Degradation of AtSRC2 by SKP1/BTB/POZ domain effectors in Heterodera schachtii inhibits RBOHF via ROS and enhances infection schachtii异虫SKP1/BTB/POZ结构域效应物降解AtSRC2通过ROS抑制RBOHF并增强感染

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70281

Ke Yao, Xin Zhang, Jinzhuo Jian, Yuese Ning, Chunhui Zhang, Jingwu Zheng, Duqing Wu, Lingan Kong, Wenkun Huang, Shiming Liu, Deliang Peng, Huan Peng

{"title":"Degradation of AtSRC2 by SKP1/BTB/POZ domain effectors in Heterodera schachtii inhibits RBOHF via ROS and enhances infection","authors":"Ke Yao, Xin Zhang, Jinzhuo Jian, Yuese Ning, Chunhui Zhang, Jingwu Zheng, Duqing Wu, Lingan Kong, Wenkun Huang, Shiming Liu, Deliang Peng, Huan Peng","doi":"10.1111/nph.70281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70281","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000<ul>\u0000<li>Upon pathogen infection, plants trigger a reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst to activate immunity. Although some effectors secreted by plant–parasitic nematodes are known to suppress ROS-mediated immunity, there are limited studies examining the regulation of respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOH)-dependent ROS pathways by these nematodes.</li>\u0000<li>Using developmental expression analysis, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical tests, we found that both Hs28B03 and Hs8H07 were expressed and secreted during the early parasitism by Heterodera schachii. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants were used to assess the role of Hs28B03 and Hs8H07 in H. schachii parasitism. Yeast two-hybrid was used to identify host targets in Arabidopsis.</li>\u0000<li>We identified Hs28B03 and Hs8H07 from H. schachtii, which play a crucial role in promoting nematode infection and parasitism, as well as inhibiting host immune responses. Hs28B03 and Hs8H07 harbor the SKP1/BTB/POZ domain and exhibit the capacity to mimic the host's SKP1 proteins, allowing them to regulate the ubiquitin pathway within the plant. Hs28B03 and Hs8H07 specifically target and degrade the host's AtSRC2 protein, inhibiting the Ca2+-dependent production of ROS mediated by RBOHF, enhancing Arabidopsis susceptibility to H. schachtii.</li>\u0000<li>In conclusion, nematodes can secrete effectors that mimic plant ubiquitination pathway components, suppressing ROS bursts via the RBOHF pathway, thereby facilitating parasitism.</li>\u0000</ul>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TIR innovations in plant immunity TIR在植物免疫方面的创新

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70314

Zhongshou Wu

引用次数: 0

Arabidopsis PRMT5 buffers pre‐mRNA splicing and development against genetic variation in donor splice sites 拟南芥PRMT5缓冲前mRNA剪接和发育对供体剪接位点遗传变异的影响

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70293

Maximiliano S. Beckel, Abril San Martín, Sabrina E. Sánchez, Danelle K. Seymour, María José de Leone, Daniel A. Careno, Santiago Mora‐García, Detlef Weigel, Marcelo J. Yanovsky, Ariel Chernomoretz

{"title":"Arabidopsis PRMT5 buffers pre‐mRNA splicing and development against genetic variation in donor splice sites","authors":"Maximiliano S. Beckel, Abril San Martín, Sabrina E. Sánchez, Danelle K. Seymour, María José de Leone, Daniel A. Careno, Santiago Mora‐García, Detlef Weigel, Marcelo J. Yanovsky, Ariel Chernomoretz","doi":"10.1111/nph.70293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70293","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Genetic variation at splice site signals significantly influences alternative splicing, leading to transcriptomic and proteomic diversity that enhances phenotypic plasticity and adaptation. However, novel splice variants can negatively impact gene expression and developmental stability. Canalization–the ability of an organism to maintain a consistent phenotype despite genetic or environmental variations–helps balance the effects of genetic variation on development and evolution. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a key splicing regulator in plants and animals. Most splicing changes in prmt5 mutants are linked to weak donor splice sites, suggesting that PRMT5 may buffer splicing against genetic variation. We examined PRMT5′s effects on splicing and development in two genetically divergent Arabidopsis thaliana accessions with different single nucleotide polymorphisms affecting donor splice sites. We found that PRMT5 inactivation significantly increased splicing and phenotypic differences between the accessions. Our findings suggest that PRMT5 contributes to canalization, mitigating the impact of splice site polymorphisms and facilitating the evolution of adaptive splicing patterns. ","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diverging repeatomes in holoparasitic Hydnoraceae uncover a playground of genome evolution 全寄生水螅科中不同的重复原子揭示了基因组进化的游乐场

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70280

Woorin Kim, Nicola Schmidt, Matthias Jost, Elijah Mbandi Mkala, Sylke Winkler, Guangwan Hu, Tony Heitkam, Stefan Wanke

{"title":"Diverging repeatomes in holoparasitic Hydnoraceae uncover a playground of genome evolution","authors":"Woorin Kim, Nicola Schmidt, Matthias Jost, Elijah Mbandi Mkala, Sylke Winkler, Guangwan Hu, Tony Heitkam, Stefan Wanke","doi":"10.1111/nph.70280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70280","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The transition from an autotrophic to a heterotrophic lifestyle is associated with numerous genomic changes. These often involve large genomic alterations, potentially driven by repetitive DNAs. Despite their recognized role in shaping plant genomes, the contribution of repetitive DNAs to parasitic plant genome evolution remains largely unexplored. This study presents the first analysis of repetitive DNAs in Hydnoraceae genomes, a plant family whose members are holoparasitic. Repetitive DNAs were identified and annotated de novo. Abundant transposable elements and 35S ribosomal DNA in the Hydnora visseri genome were reconstructed in silico. Their patterns of abundance and presence–absence were individually and comparatively analyzed. Both Hydnoraceae genera, Hydnora and Prosopanche, exhibit distinct repeatome profiles which challenge our current understanding of repeatome and rDNA evolution. The Hydnora genomes are dominated by long terminal repeat retrotransposons, while the Prosopanche genomes vary greatly in their repeat composition: Prosopanche bonacinae with a highly abundant single DNA transposon and Prosopanche panguanensis with over 15% 5S rDNA, compared to ≤ 0.1% in the Hydnora genomes. The repeat profiles align with the phylogeny, geographical distribution, and host shifts of the Hydnoraceae, indicating a potential role of repetitive DNAs in shaping Hydnoraceae genomes to adapt to the parasitic lifestyle. ","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrical and calcium signaling in plant systemic defense: from local wounds to global responses 植物系统防御中的电和钙信号：从局部损伤到全局反应

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70301

Rui Li, Yongfang Yang, Hao Lou, Weicheng Wang, Jianbin Yan, Daoxin Xie, Xiaoyi Shan

{"title":"Electrical and calcium signaling in plant systemic defense: from local wounds to global responses","authors":"Rui Li, Yongfang Yang, Hao Lou, Weicheng Wang, Jianbin Yan, Daoxin Xie, Xiaoyi Shan","doi":"10.1111/nph.70301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70301","url":null,"abstract":"SummarySessile plants, constrained by their immobile nature in dynamic environments, have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms to ensure survival. When confronted with threats such as insect feeding or mechanical wounding, plants not only activate localized defense responses at the injury site but also quickly transmit danger signals from the wound to the distal undamaged tissues for the activation of systemic defense signaling, which enables the plant to prepare for the upcoming threats effectively. Emerging evidence highlights the pivotal role of vascular‐mediated long‐distance transmission of electrical signals and calcium (Ca2+) waves in coordinating whole‐plant defense programs. Recent advances have significantly expanded our understanding of wound‐induced systemic signaling, with key genes and signaling molecules identified as central components in these cascades. In this review, we first provide an overview of these key findings and then discuss the mechanisms driving the long‐distance transmission of electrical and Ca2+ signals. Furthermore, we explore the roles of wound‐ and mechanically stimulated electrical and Ca2+ signals in other plant species, contributing to a broader understanding of plant defense responses.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transgressive segregation affects essential oil composition in a model mint population 海侵偏析影响模型薄荷种群的精油成分

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70305

B. Markus Lange, Amber N. Parrish, Iris Lange, Yanmei Xiao, Iovanna Pandelova, Haixiao Dong, Zhiwu Zhang, Sümeyye Carkit‐Yilmaz, Thomas M. Davis, Matthias Wüst, Narayanan Srividya, Kelly J. Vining

引用次数: 0

UVRESISTANCE LOCUS 8 signalling enhances photosynthetic resilience to herbicide‐induced damage in Arabidopsis thaliana 抗紫外位点8信号增强拟南芥对除草剂诱导损伤的光合恢复能力

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70303

Christopher L. Groves, Keara A. Franklin

{"title":"UVRESISTANCE LOCUS 8 signalling enhances photosynthetic resilience to herbicide‐induced damage in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Christopher L. Groves, Keara A. Franklin","doi":"10.1111/nph.70303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70303","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Perception of low irradiance ultraviolet B (UV‐B) light (280–315 nm) by the UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) photoreceptor initiates signalling pathways that enhance plant defences to UV‐B damage, mitigating the effects of higher photon irradiances. We therefore questioned whether UVR8 signalling could also prime plants against herbicide‐induced damage, promoting postspray survival. We assessed the effects of a 2 d, low irradiance UV‐B pretreatment on the photosynthetic resilience and survival of Arabidopsis thaliana plants treated with herbicides promoting photosynthetic disruption and oxidative stress. UV‐B acclimation increased leaf carotenoid production, antioxidant activity and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) and delayed herbicide‐induced reductions in electron transport rate (ETR), facilitating postspray regrowth and enhancing plant survival. In the absence of UV‐B, this protection declined within 4 d, suggesting that it is unlikely to result from structural modifications. UV‐B‐mediated enhancement of photosynthetic resilience was abolished in the uvr8‐6 mutant and increased in the UV‐B hyper‐responsive repressor of UV‐B photomorphogenesis1/2 (rup1rup2) mutant, highlighting the involvement of UVR8 signalling. UV‐B filtering during daylight acclimation also increased herbicide efficacy in Chenopodium, suggesting similar responses in agricultural weeds. UV‐B‐induced photoprotection enhances the resilience of plant photosystems to herbicide damage, providing a key target for increasing product efficacy and reducing usage. ","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is it all about timing? Identifying the symbiosis critical points that govern interactions among bacteria, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and land trees 这都是时间的问题吗？确定控制细菌、外生菌根真菌和陆地树木之间相互作用的共生临界点

IF 9.4 1区生物学

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70298

Louis Berrios

{"title":"Is it all about timing? Identifying the symbiosis critical points that govern interactions among bacteria, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and land trees","authors":"Louis Berrios","doi":"10.1111/nph.70298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70298","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryTree health and fitness depend on the interactions among soil microbiota across space and time. Recent evidence, for instance, has shown that understanding the individual and interactive lifestyles of bacteria and ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF)—two of the most dominant and influential soil microbes in tree microbiomes—enhances our predictions of plant responses and ecosystem functions. The spatial features that shape the coexistence and plasticity of bacteria–EcMF interactions have long been a primary research interest and have therefore revealed key insights in the field. The temporal features of these interactions, however, have received considerably less attention, yet emerging evidence suggests that interactions at a particular time in space may have a disproportionate impact on the stability and outcome of relationships. In light of these observations, I outline bacteria–EcMF–tree interactions across the life cycle of EcMF and highlight the importance of ‘symbiosis critical points’ across developmental time, providing testable hypotheses and experimental frameworks that aim to advance the field moving forward. Though this viewpoint article focuses on the symbioses among these three organisms, the concepts, hypotheses, and frameworks presented herein extend to diverse multispecies systems.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0