New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"Unravelling the different components of nonphotochemical quenching using a novel analytical pipeline","authors":"Lennart A. I. Ramakers, Jeremy Harbinson, Emilie Wientjes, Herbert van Amerongen","doi":"10.1111/nph.20271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20271","url":null,"abstract":"<h2> Introduction</h2>\u0000<p>Photosynthesis is arguably one of the most important biological processes in Nature (Blankenship, <span>2008</span>; Johnson, <span>2016</span>). In this process, the incoming solar radiation is captured by photosynthetic organisms and converted to chemical energy, and so underpins most of the food chains on Earth (Nelson & Yocum, <span>2006</span>; Blankenship, <span>2008</span>; Johnson, <span>2016</span>). However, if oxygenic photosynthetic organisms are exposed to light intensities at which the rate of photon absorption exceeds the rate of photochemical quenching of excitations and thus photosynthetic metabolism, the excess excitations present within the photosystems can cause photodamage. Specifically, high light results in a large portion of the reaction centres (RCs) within the photosystems being in the closed state. With increasing irradiance, it is more likely that an excitation encounters a closed RC leading to triplet states being formed by back reactions within the reaction centre, which in turn can produce singlet oxygen (Vass, <span>2011</span>; Telfer, <span>2014</span>). In order to minimise such photodamage, oxygenic photosynthetic organisms activate photoprotective mechanisms, designed to safely remove excess excitations from the photosystems via nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) (Horton <i>et al</i>., <span>1996</span>; Demmig-Adams & Adams, <span>1996b</span>; De Bianchi <i>et al</i>., <span>2010</span>; Ruban <i>et al</i>., <span>2012</span>). In photosystem II (PSII), NPQ is mediated by several different molecular mechanisms that act together to quench excitations (Demmig-Adams & Adams, <span>1996a</span>,<span>b</span>; D'Haese <i>et al</i>., <span>2004</span>; Li <i>et al</i>., <span>2004</span>, <span>2009</span>; Johnson <i>et al</i>., <span>2009</span>; Jahns & Holzwarth, <span>2012</span>; Ruban <i>et al</i>., <span>2012</span>; Sylak-Glassman <i>et al</i>., <span>2014</span>; Goldschmidt-Clermont & Bassi, <span>2015</span>; Armbruster <i>et al</i>., <span>2016</span>; Ruban, <span>2016</span>, <span>2019</span>; Farooq <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>; Townsend <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>; Van Amerongen & Chmeliov, <span>2020</span>; Ruban & Wilson, <span>2021</span>; Long <i>et al</i>., <span>2022</span>). The fastest of these mechanisms are triggered by the accumulation of protons in the lumenal space, and these processes have been studied for several decades (Demmig-Adams & Adams, <span>1996a</span>,<span>b</span>; D'Haese <i>et al</i>., <span>2004</span>; Li <i>et al</i>., <span>2004</span>, <span>2009</span>; Johnson <i>et al</i>., <span>2009</span>; Jahns & Holzwarth, <span>2012</span>; Ruban <i>et al</i>., <span>2012</span>; Sylak-Glassman <i>et al</i>., <span>2014</span>; Goldschmidt-Clermont & Bassi, <span>2015</span>; Armbruster <i>et al</i>., <span>2016</span>; Ruban, <span>2016</span>, <span>2019</span>; Townsend <i>et al</i>., <span>20","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centromeres are hotspots for chromosomal inversions and breeding traits in mango","authors":"Melanie J. Wilkinson, Kathleen McLay, David Kainer, Cassandra Elphinstone, Natalie L. Dillon, Matthew Webb, Upendra K. Wijesundara, Asjad Ali, Ian S. E. Bally, Norman Munyengwa, Agnelo Furtado, Robert J. Henry, Craig M. Hardner, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos","doi":"10.1111/nph.20252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20252","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Chromosomal inversions can preserve combinations of favorable alleles by suppressing recombination. Simultaneously, they reduce the effectiveness of purifying selection enabling deleterious alleles to accumulate.</li>\u0000<li>This study explores how areas of low recombination, including centromeric regions and chromosomal inversions, contribute to the accumulation of deleterious and favorable loci in 225 <i>Mangifera indica</i> genomes from the Australian Mango Breeding Program.</li>\u0000<li>Here, we identify 17 chromosomal inversions that cover 7.7% (29.7 Mb) of the <i>M. indica</i> genome: eight pericentric (inversion includes the centromere) and nine paracentric (inversion is on one arm of the chromosome). Our results show that these large pericentric inversions are accumulating deleterious loci, while the paracentric inversions show deleterious levels above and below the genome wide average. We find that despite their deleterious load, chromosomal inversions contain small effect loci linked to variation in crucial breeding traits.</li>\u0000<li>These results indicate that chromosomal inversions have likely facilitated the evolution of key mango breeding traits. Our study has important implications for selective breeding of favorable combinations of alleles in regions of low recombination.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant organic nitrogen nutrition: costs, benefits, and carbon use efficiency","authors":"Laura Tünnermann, Camila Aguetoni Cambui, Oskar Franklin, Patrizia Merkel, Torgny Näsholm, Regina Gratz","doi":"10.1111/nph.20285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20285","url":null,"abstract":"Summary<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>Differences in soil mobility and assimilation costs between organic and inorganic nitrogen (N) compounds would hypothetically induce plant phenotypic plasticity to optimize acquisition of, and performance on, the different N forms. Here we evaluated this hypothesis experimentally and theoretically.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We grew Arabidopsis in split‐root setups combined with stable isotope labelling to study uptake and distribution of carbon (C) and N from <jats:sc>l</jats:sc>‐glutamine (<jats:sc>l</jats:sc>‐gln) and NO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub><jats:sup>−</jats:sup> and assessed the effect of the N source on biomass partitioning and carbon use efficiency (CUE).</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Analyses of stable isotopes showed that 40–48% of C acquired from <jats:sc>l</jats:sc>‐gln resided in plants, contributing 7–8% to total C of both shoots and roots. Plants grown on <jats:sc>l</jats:sc>‐gln exhibited increased root mass fraction and root hair length and a significantly lower N uptake rate per unit root biomass but displayed significantly enhanced CUE.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our data suggests that organic N nutrition is linked to a particular phenotype with extensive growth of roots and root hairs that optimizes for uptake of less mobile N forms. Increased CUE and lower N uptake per unit root growth may be key facets linked to the organic N phenotype.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small, but mitey: investigating the molecular genetic basis for mite domatia development and intraspecific variation in Vitis riparia using transcriptomics","authors":"Eleanore Jeanne Ritter, Carolyn D. K. Graham, Chad Niederhuth, Marjorie Gail Weber","doi":"10.1111/nph.20226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20226","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h2&gt; Introduction&lt;/h2&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Mutualisms between plants and arthropods have evolved repeatedly across evolutionary time (Blattner &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;; Bronstein &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2006&lt;/span&gt;), promoting the evolution of unique, heritable structures in plants that attract, reward, or protect mutualists (Romero &amp; Benson, &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;; Bronstein &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2006&lt;/span&gt;). Investigating the genetic basis of mutualistic structures provides critical insights into how mutualisms evolved. Mite domatia (hereafter ‘domatia’) are tiny plant structures produced by many woody plant species on the underside of leaves that provide shelter for beneficial mites. Domatia facilitate a bodyguard mutualism between plants and mites: Mites benefit from the refuge provided by the domatia, which protects them from predators (Grostal &amp; O'Dowd, &lt;span&gt;1994&lt;/span&gt;; Norton &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;; Faraji &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2002a&lt;/span&gt;,&lt;span&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;; Romero &amp; Benson, &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;), and in return, plants receive protection from pathogenic fungi and/or herbivory via fungivorous and/or predacious mites (Agrawal &amp; Karban, &lt;span&gt;1997&lt;/span&gt;; Norton &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;; Romero &amp; Benson, &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;). Domatia are common defenses in natural systems: They are present in over 5000 plant species and make up a large proportion of woody plant species in temperate deciduous forests (e.g. &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt;. 50% of woody plant species in forests in Korea (O'Dowd &amp; Pemberton, &lt;span&gt;1998&lt;/span&gt;) and Eastern North America (Willson, &lt;span&gt;1991&lt;/span&gt;)). They are present in several crop plants and have been studied as a pest control strategy in agriculture (Romero &amp; Benson, &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;; Barba &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Yet, despite their agricultural and ecological importance, we know relatively little about the genetic underpinnings of mite domatia in plants.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;The genus &lt;i&gt;Vitis&lt;/i&gt; is a powerful group for studying the genetics of domatia due to their heritable variation in domatia presence and size (English-Loeb &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2002&lt;/span&gt;; Graham &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;) and the genetic and germplasm resources available. In &lt;i&gt;Vitis&lt;/i&gt;, domatia are constitutive structures comprised of small, dense tufts of trichomes covering a depression/pit in the leaf surface in the abaxial vein axils, termed ‘tuft’ domatia. Norton &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. (&lt;span&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;) demonstrated that domatia in &lt;i&gt;Vitis riparia&lt;/i&gt;, a wild grapevine species with relatively large domatia, led to a 48% reduction in powdery mildew in comparison with &lt;i&gt;V. riparia&lt;/i&gt; plants with blocked domatia, which were inaccessible to mites. Given how effective domatia are as biological control agents in this system, there is interest in understanding domatia in domesticated grapevine (&lt;i&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/i&gt;) and related species. The species &lt;i&gt;V. riparia&lt;/i&gt; has been utilized for studies investigating domatia in &lt;i&gt;Vitis&lt;/i&gt; due","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"R-loops act as regulatory switches modulating transcription of COLD-responsive genes in rice","authors":"Zexue He,&nbsp;Mengqi Li,&nbsp;Xiucai Pan,&nbsp;Yulian Peng,&nbsp;Yining Shi,&nbsp;Qi Han,&nbsp;Manli Shi,&nbsp;Linwei She,&nbsp;Gennadii Borovskii,&nbsp;Xiaojun Chen,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Gu,&nbsp;Xuejiao Cheng,&nbsp;Wenli Zhang","doi":"10.1111/nph.19315","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.19315","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>COLD is a major naturally occurring stress that usually causes complex symptoms and severe yield loss in crops. R-loops function in various cellular processes, including development and stress responses, in plants. However, how R-loops function in COLD responses is largely unknown in COLD susceptible crops like rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.).</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>We conducted DRIP-Seq along with other omics data (RNA-Seq, DNase-Seq and ChIP-Seq) in rice with or without COLD treatment.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>COLD treatment caused R-loop reprogramming across the genome. COLD-biased R-loops had higher GC content and novel motifs for the binding of distinct transcription factors (TFs). Moreover, R-loops can directly/indirectly modulate the transcription of a subset of COLD-responsive genes, which can be mediated by R-loop overlapping TF-centered or <i>cis</i>-regulatory element-related regulatory networks and lncRNAs, accounting for <i>c.</i> 60% of COLD-induced expression of differential genes in rice, which is different from the findings in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. We validated two R-loop loci with contrasting (negative/positive) roles in the regulation of two individual COLD-responsive gene expression, as potential targets for enhanced COLD resistance.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Our study provides detailed evidence showing functions of R-loop reprogramming during COLD responses and provides some potential R-loop loci for genetic and epigenetic manipulation toward breeding of rice varieties with enhanced COLD tolerance.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"241 1","pages":"267-282"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The absence of bumblebees on an oceanic island blurs the species boundary of two closely related orchids","authors":"Kenji Suetsugu,&nbsp;Shun K. Hirota,&nbsp;Takuto Shitara,&nbsp;Kenya Ishida,&nbsp;Narumi Nakato,&nbsp;Hiroshi Hayakawa,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Suyama","doi":"10.1111/nph.19325","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.19325","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Oceanic islands offer valuable natural laboratories for studying evolution. The Izu Islands, with their recent geological origin, provide an exceptional opportunity to explore the initial evolution on oceanic islands. Another noteworthy aspect is the absence of bumblebee species on most Izu Islands.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>We used ecological, morphological, and molecular data to investigate the impact of bumblebee absence on the evolution of two closely related orchid species, <i>Goodyera henryi</i> and <i>Goodyera similis</i>, focusing on Kozu Island, the Izu Islands.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Our investigation revealed that while <i>G. henryi</i> exclusively relies on a bumblebee species for pollination on the mainland, <i>G. similis</i> is pollinated by scoliid wasps on both the mainland and the island. Intriguingly, all specimens initially categorized as <i>G. henryi</i> on Kozu Island are hybrids of <i>G. henryi</i> and <i>G. similis</i>, leading to the absence of pure <i>G. henryi</i> distribution on the island. These hybrids are pollinated by the scoliid wasp species that also pollinates <i>G. similis</i> on the island.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The absence of bumblebees might result in sporadic and inefficient pollination of <i>G. henryi</i> by scoliid wasps, consequently promoting hybrid proliferation on the island. Our findings suggest that the absence of bumblebees can blur plant species boundaries.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"241 3","pages":"1321-1333"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-resolved systems analysis of the induction of high photosynthetic capacity in Arabidopsis during acclimation to high light","authors":"Christopher R. Baker,&nbsp;Jean Christophe Cocuron,&nbsp;Ana Paula Alonso,&nbsp;Krishna K. Niyogi","doi":"10.1111/nph.19324","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.19324","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"240 6","pages":"2335-2352"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nph.19324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The OsNLP3/4-OsRFL module regulates nitrogen-promoted panicle architecture in rice","authors":"Jie Wu,&nbsp;Liang-Qi Sun,&nbsp;Ying Song,&nbsp;Yu Bai,&nbsp;Guang-Yu Wan,&nbsp;Jing-Xian Wang,&nbsp;Jin-Qiu Xia,&nbsp;Zheng-Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Zi-Sheng Zhang,&nbsp;Zhong Zhao,&nbsp;Cheng-Bin Xiang","doi":"10.1111/nph.19318","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.19318","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Rice panicles, a major component of yield, are regulated by phytohormones and nutrients. How mineral nutrients promote panicle architecture remains largely unknown.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Here, we report that NIN-LIKE PROTEIN3 and 4 (OsNLP3/4) are crucial positive regulators of rice panicle architecture in response to nitrogen (N). Loss-of-function mutants of either <i>OsNLP3</i> or <i>OsNLP4</i> produced smaller panicles with reduced primary and secondary branches and fewer grains than wild-type, whereas their overexpression plants showed the opposite phenotypes.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The OsNLP3/4-regulated panicle architecture was positively correlated with N availability. OsNLP3/4 directly bind to the promoter of <i>OsRFL</i> and activate its expression to promote inflorescence meristem development. Furthermore, OsRFL activates <i>OsMOC1</i> expression by binding to its promoter.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Our findings reveal the novel N-responsive OsNLP3/4-OsRFL-OsMOC1 module that integrates N availability to regulate panicle architecture, shedding light on how N nutrient signals regulate panicle architecture and providing candidate targets for the improvement of crop yield.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"240 6","pages":"2404-2418"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competition-induced downregulation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation","authors":"Rotem Dagan,&nbsp;Guy Dovrat,&nbsp;Tania Masci,&nbsp;Efrat Sheffer","doi":"10.1111/nph.19322","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.19322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"240 6","pages":"2288-2297"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nph.19322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do roots need a good haircut for water uptake?","authors":"Yann Boursiac,&nbsp;Fabrice Bauget","doi":"10.1111/nph.19336","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nph.19336","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The roots of vascular plants have evolved tubular outgrowths of their epidermal cells called root hairs. These extensions show large variations between species, accessions, and environmental conditions, in both size and density (Rongsawat &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). They originate from an interplay between epidermal cells and underlying tissues, some of the molecular players acting in their development being well known (Cui &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). Three main functions have been identified so far for these structures: anchorage, biotic interactions, and nutrition (Rongsawat &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). For this last function, it has been shown that root hair development is tuned by nutrient deficiencies. It has also been shown that uptake capacities and the expression of some membrane transporters are specific to root hairs. Therefore, it is rather intuitive to think that, as for other nutrients, root hairs will also be beneficial for water uptake. However, this is not yet clear: experts in this field have generated equivocal experimental and modeling evidences about the beneficial role of root hairs for water uptake (Cai &amp; Ahmed, &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). In an article published in this issue of &lt;i&gt;New Phytologist&lt;/i&gt;, Duddek &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. (&lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;, 2484–2497) propose a workflow using an image-based modeling approach to further pursue work on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In their introduction, Duddek &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. clearly and concisely present the current knowledge on the role of root hairs in water uptake. In particular, they refer to experimental results which show, both in laboratory and field studies, as well as in identical or different species, either significant or nonsignificant effects on plant water relations (note that no detrimental effect has been observed). For instance, comparison of water uptake between root hair defective mutants and wild types of barley in water stress condition showed no difference (Dodd &amp; Diatloff, &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;), while another study on the same genotypes suggested that root hairs allow higher transpiration rates to be sustained in drying soil (Carminati &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Indeed, neither the species nor the conditions could clearly explain these different results. This question has also been addressed with a modeling approach. The authors note that 3D image-based modeling of water flow in the soil–root system has been conducted for more than two decades. However, most of the models addressed the difference in hydraulic properties between the bulk soil and the vicinity of the root (the rhizosphere) indirectly. For example, by modifying transport parameters, such as changing the radial conductivity of the root according to the soil water content (Couvreur &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;). None of these models has, thus far, been able to take into account the geometrical complexity of root–soil contact because of the poor resolution of images of this zone. With th","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"240 6","pages":"2173-2175"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nph.19336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}