SAGE Open Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection among Kurdish people, Iran.","authors":"Bahram Nikkhoo, Soma Mahmoodian, Pourya Bahrami, Arshia Daraee, Farzad Soleimani, Fatemeh Zamani, Sherko Nasseri, Khaled Rahmani","doi":"10.1177/20503121251320522","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251320522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Human papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection and a health concern, being the major cause of cervical cancer and genital warts. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus in the Kurdish population.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>A total of 2650 samples from individuals attending central laboratories in Sanandaj, the center of Kurdistan Province in north-west Iran, were tested for human papillomavirus infection. Cervical samples were collected from women using a cervical brush, while semen samples were collected from men. Cervical samples were stored in a vial with cell preservation solution, while semen samples were stored at room temperature until complete liquefaction of the semen. Human papillomavirus DNA from positive samples was extracted using a high-purity viral nucleic acid kit, and human papillomavirus genotyping was performed using the ZYTOVISION human papillomavirus Chip1.0 genotyping system according to the manufacturer's instructions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2610 samples screened, 655 were found positive for human papillomavirus and included in the human papillomavirus molecular typing analysis. The overall prevalence of human papillomavirus in the study samples was 25.1%. Of the 655 positive samples, 645 (98.5%) were women and 10 (1.5%) were men. The mean age was 35.95 years (women: 36.06 years and men: 28.81 years). The most common genotypes identified were types 6 (30.1%), 16(14.4%), and 54(9.0%). Of those affected, 387 (59.1%) had a single human papillomavirus infection and 268 (40.9%) had multiple infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that the prevalence of human papillomavirus among Kurdish women is relatively high. The findings highlight the importance of targeted human papillomavirus vaccination programs and screening strategies, particularly in younger age groups, to reduce the burden of human papillomavirus-related disease in this setting. Future studies should investigate the impact of cultural and behavioral factors on human papillomavirus transmission and associated health outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251320522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcome of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in children: A tertiary care perspective.","authors":"Phanthila Sitthikarnkha, Apichaya Anekvorakul, Sirapoom Niamsanit, Leelawadee Techasatian, Suchaorn Saengnipanthkul, Rattapon Uppala","doi":"10.1177/20503121251320849","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251320849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease caused by various respiratory and systemic conditions. It is now considered a potentially reversible disease, particularly when diagnosed early and managed with appropriate respiratory care strategies. Although rare in children, it typically develops in patients with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. The etiology of bronchiectasis in children differs from that in adults. This study aims to identify the clinical features, causes, and outcomes of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in children at a tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted among children with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis who attended a university-affiliated hospital between January 2007 and December 2021. Clinical outcomes were assessed based on pulmonary function tests, exacerbation, and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 35 children with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. The median age at diagnosis was 36 months (IQR: 24-170 months). Bronchiectasis was linked to underlying conditions in 22 cases (62.9%), such as primary immunodeficiency, chronic aspiration, and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Thirteen children had infectious-associated bronchiectasis (37.1%), with four cases related to pulmonary tuberculosis. At diagnosis, cystic bronchiectasis was most common (<i>n</i> = 17, 48.6%), followed by varicose (<i>n</i> = 13, 37.1%) and cylindrical bronchiectasis (<i>n</i> = 5, 14.3%). Pulmonary exacerbation occurred in 28 (80%) children, with a higher rate in noninfectious bronchiectasis than postinfectious bronchiectasis (90.9% vs 61.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.036). Hospitalization was required for 26 (77.1%) children, with a higher rate of noninfectious bronchiectasis than postinfectious bronchiectasis (86.3% vs 53.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Primary immune deficiency and chronic aspiration are the most common non-infective causes of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Noninfectious bronchiectasis leads to higher exacerbation and hospitalization rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251320849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling and its predictors among students in University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023: Using modified unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model.","authors":"Deje Sendek Anteneh, Jenberu Mekurianew Kelkay, Henok Dessie Wubneh, Miftah Abdella Beshir, Kassahun Dessie Gashu","doi":"10.1177/20503121241307136","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121241307136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychosocial problems are widely affecting the population around the world and worsening in university students. Timely access to psychosocial counseling and support remained challenging. Hence, implementing a digital-based approach to psychosocial counseling services could potentially improve access and efficiency for students in need. However, limited evidence on the intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling and its predictors among university students in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling and its predictors among students at the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 759 students from 28 March until 28 April 2023 at the University of Gondar, Northwest, Ethiopia. Proportional allocation was done, and the participants were selected using stratified random sampling. The median score was used as a cutoff point. The student who scores median and above on intention to use construct was considered as intended to use digital-based psychosocial counseling otherwise unintended. The interviewer-administered questionnaire, adapted from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model and kobo collect app, was employed to collect the data. Data were exported to SPSS 20 for descriptive analysis and Analysis of Moment and Structure version 23 for structural equation modeling analysis to assess the significance of relationships between variables using a path coefficient and a <i>p</i>-value of <0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 750 (98.8%) responded to complete all the questionnaires. The proportion of intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling was 54.9%, (95% CI: 51.3%-58.5%). A structural equation modeling shows that performance expectancy (β = 0.510, <i>p</i>-value < 0.001), effort expectancy (β = 0.082, <i>p</i>-value = 0.003), and social influence (β = 0.307, <i>p</i>-value < 0.001) had a direct relationship with intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling. Gender (β = 0.545, <i>p</i>-value < 0.001) was moderate performance expectancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendation: </strong>The study has shown a promising intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling among university students. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence had a positive effect on the intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling. Thus, the implementers need to give priority to enhancing and creating awareness for students related to how to use digital-based counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121241307136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11826864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral treatment in achieving an undetectable HIV-1 viral load among women attending prevention of mother-to-child transmission clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Belete Woldesemayat, Yimam Getaneh, Sisay Adane, Ajanaw Yizengaw, Amelework Yilma, Shambel Araya Haile, Kidist Zealiyas","doi":"10.1177/20503121251320460","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251320460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of detectable HIV-1 viral load and associated factors among pregnant and lactating women on Dolutegravir-based and non-Dolutegravir-based regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women enrolled in a cross-sectional study design incorporating Dolutegravir versus non-Dolutegravir group for comparison purposes, and the study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023. In total, 684 women receiving antiretroviral treatment (456 on Dolutegravir-based and 228 on non-Dolutegravir-based regimens) were enrolled across 16 prevention of mother-to-child transmission clinics. An undetectable viral load was defined as <20 RNA copies/mL. Univariable and multivariable regression models were used to determine the associations of the detectable viral load with factors such as sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, and laboratory parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of detectable viral load on a non-Dolutegravir-based regimen was 32.9% and on a Dolutegravir-based regimen group was 19.7%. The overall prevalence was 24.1% (95% CI: 20.9-27.6). Compared with non-Dolutegravir-based regimens, Dolutegravir-based regimens were associated with 69% (AOR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.16-0.61) lower risk of having a detectable viral load. The median viral load was significantly lower in women on a Dolutegravir-based regimen (1.66 log copies/mL) compared to those on a non-Dolutegravir-based regimen (2.11 log copies/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001). A lower level of adherence was associated with 2.33 times (AOR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.06-5.12) higher odds of having a detectable viral load and women who had a WHO clinical stage II and above were 2.71 times (AOR: 2.71: 95% CI: 1.30-5.64) more vulnerable to developing a detectable viremia than their counterparts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the scale-up of Dolutegravir-based regimens, the overall prevalence of detectable viremia was 24.1%, with a higher prevalence of 32.9% among women on non-Dolutegravir-based regimens indicating a programmatic challenge that could affect mother-to-child transmission outcomes. Strengthening adherence monitoring and maintaining World Health Organization clinical stage I is crucial for achieving undetectable viral load levels in pregnant and breastfeeding women.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251320460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with in-hospital mortality in octogenarians managed by geriatric service in a referral hospital in Colombia.","authors":"Carlos Mario Cortes Bahamon, Jenny Rodríguez Ángel, Jennifer Katherine Ballesteros Tapias, Diego Andrés Chavarro-Carvajal, Oscar Mauricio Muñoz","doi":"10.1177/20503121251317354","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251317354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The demographic transition has significantly increased the number of hospitalizations in octogenarian patients. Previous studies have documented the importance of clinical, functional, and cognitive variables for in-hospital mortality risk, but their frequency and importance in Latin American populations is yet to be described. It is important because Colombia has multiple ethnic races, with different types of longevity, and we have a history of social violence that affects our life expectancy. The aim of this study is to define which risk factors are associated with in-hospital mortality in octogenarians, and how frequent they are and quantify the weight of each of these factors in the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We present an analytical observational retrospective cohort study in adult patients over 80 years of age hospitalized and followed by the geriatrics service at Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (Bogotá, Colombia). The association between in-hospital mortality and multiple clinical, functional, and cognitive variables was evaluated by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1235 hospitalizations were analyzed (age 85.5 ± 4.4 years, 58.62% women). Malnutrition was documented in 22.4%, dependency for basic activities (Barthel ⩽ 95) in 75.9%, and positive screening for frailty (FRAIL ⩾ 3) in 55.3%. Mortality was 5.67%. Factors independently associated with mortality were history of cancer (Odds ratio (OR): 2.31; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.34-3.98, <i>p</i> < 0.003), delirium (OR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.44-4.28, <i>p</i> < 0.001), malnutrition (OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.46-4.28; <i>p</i> = 0.001), frailty (OR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.13-4.45, <i>p</i> = 0.019), tachypnea on admission (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03-1.14, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and creatinine elevation (OR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.47-4.15, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Factors easily identifiable at hospital admission and amenable to intervention could predict an increased risk of mortality in octogenarian patients, such as the presence of malnutrition, frailty, and delirium. These findings facilitate the estimation of mortality risk and serve as a starting point to investigate the potential benefit of early interventions in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251317354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study integrating genome-wide association studies, expression quantitative trait locus, and methylation quantitative trait locus data revealed causal relationship between heavy cigarette dependence and Barrett's esophagus.","authors":"Zhou An, Meichun Zeng, Xianhua Wang","doi":"10.1177/20503121251316595","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251316595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between smoking dependence and the risk of developing Barrett's esophagus remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether a causal relationship exists between smoking dependence and Barrett's esophagus, using Mendelian randomization analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of smoking and Barrett's esophagus. Additionally, we applied summary data-based Mendelian randomization techniques to combine information from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with expression quantitative trait locus and methylation quantitative trait locus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariable Mendelian randomization showed an association between smoking per day (odds ratio = 1.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.038-1.38, <i>p</i> = 0.014) or current smoking (odds ratio = 2.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-5.5, <i>p</i> = 0.037) and Barrett's esophagus. Inverse variance-weighted methods of bidirectional Mendelian randomization also revealed that smoking per day was significantly associated with elevated risks of Barrett's esophagus (odds ratio = 1.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.092-1.649, <i>p</i> = 0.005), while Barrett's esophagus was also a susceptibility factor for smoking per day (odds ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.017-1.087, <i>p</i> = 0.003). By incorporating consistent summary data-based Mendelian randomization associations between DNA methylation and smoke/Barrett's esophagus, gene expression and smoke/Barrett's esophagus, and DNA methylation and gene expression, we identified that the genetic variant-cg00935895-RBM43 (ENSG00000184898)-smoke/Barrett's esophagus axis exerted an effect on smoke/Barrett's esophagus by altering the DNA methylation level, which regulated the expression level of RBM43.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides evidence of a bidirectional causal association between smoking and Barrett's esophagus from a genetic perspective, which sheds new light on the potential role of RBM43 as a mediator in facilitating the impact of smoking and Barrett's esophagus.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251316595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operation time as a prognostic indicator on postoperative complications following percutaneous nephrolithotomy.","authors":"Alireza Pakdel, Abdolreza Mohammadi, Amirreza Shamshirgaran, Ehsan Zemanati Yar, Leila Zareian Baghdadabad, Farshid Alaeddini, Roghayeh Koohi Ortakand, Leonardo Oliveira Reis, Seyed Reza Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir","doi":"10.1177/20503121251318902","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251318902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to find an optimal cut-off time for percutaneous nephrolithotomy to prevent complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 165 patients aged 18-80 with renal stones ⩾2 cm or ⩾1 cm in lower pole, confirmed via noncontrast computed tomography. Baseline characteristics, stone features, operation time, and anesthesia time were recorded. Logistic regression models were fitted and the ability of the surgery time to predict complications, major complications, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristic curves. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used as a general indicator of quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 165 enrolled patients, 157 were analyzed (8 excluded due to follow-up and surgery data issues). The cohort consisted of 115 males (73.2%) and 42 females (26.7%), with a mean (SD) age of 47.4 (12.65) years. Multivariate analysis indicated that longer operation times and lower body mass index correlated with higher complication rates. A cut-off of 65 min for operation time showed 96.8% specificity for predicting complications. Additionally, 47.8% of patients were systemic inflammatory response syndrome positive postprocedure, and operation times were not shown to be predictive of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Operation time seemed to be a potential risk factor for postpercutaneous nephrolithotomy complications and lowering the operation time could prevent postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251318902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of reported sleep disturbances with objectively assessed mild cognitive impairment among adults in the United States.","authors":"Chan Shen, Hao Wang, Arthur Nguimatsa Djiotsop, R Constance Wiener, Mona Pathak, Sophie Mitra, Patricia A Findley, Usha Sambamoorthi","doi":"10.1177/20503121251317912","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251317912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep is a multifaceted phenomenon influenced by both duration and quality. Various sleep disturbances have been associated with mild cognitive impairment, but the role of specific disturbances in mild cognitive impairment pathophysiology remains unclear. This study investigated the associations between distinct sleep disturbances and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 50 and older using nationally representative data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study were analyzed to explore the association between mild cognitive impairment and three types of sleep disturbances: trouble falling asleep, trouble waking up, and waking up too early. Logistic regression models estimated unadjusted (Model 1) and adjusted associations accounting for sex, race/ethnicity, age, social determinants of health (Model 2), general health (Model 3), depression (Model 4), and pain and physical activity (Model 5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study cohort included 8877 participants aged ⩾50 years in 2018 (baseline) who were followed up in 2020. Overall, 15.4% reported trouble falling asleep, 23.2% reported trouble waking up, and 12.8% reported waking up too early and being unable to fall back asleep most of the time. Among older adults, approximately 13.1% reported experiencing mild cognitive impairment; The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment was even higher in those who experienced sleep disturbances. The unadjusted odds ratio (uOR) for experiencing trouble falling asleep most of the time was 1.69 (95% CI: 1.42-2.03), for trouble waking up most of the time was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.10-1.57), and for waking up early most of the time was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.51-2.35). However, these positive associations attenuated depending on the covariate adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly one in seven adults had mild cognitive impairment. The relationship between sleep disturbances and mild cognitive impairment has been challenging to delineate. Our findings demonstrate a positive association between sleep disturbances and mild cognitive impairment, although these associations were sensitive to covariate adjustments. These findings suggest multifaceted pathways for reducing the risk of mild cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251317912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting knowledge, attitudes, and practices: An experimental controlled study evaluating the effectiveness of m-health training on antimicrobial resistance for hemodialysis nurses.","authors":"Hossam Alhawatmeh, Mohammed Aljarrah, Issa M Hweidi, Nezam Al-Nsair, Mohammad S Alyahya, Sawsan Abuhammad","doi":"10.1177/20503121251318153","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251318153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim/objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of an m-health training program on nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning antimicrobial resistance within hemodialysis units.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemodialysis patients face high infection risks, driving antimicrobial use and resistance. Nurses' antimicrobial resistance knowledge gaps underscore the need for effective training.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A parallel group randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of 64 nurses was cluster-randomized into either an m-health group (<i>n</i> = 32) or a control group (<i>n</i> = 32). The m-health group received antimicrobial resistance education through a WhatsApp Chatbot, while the control group received no information on the study topic. However, they were provided the study intervention after the evaluation was completed. The nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antimicrobial resistance were assessed with self-developed instruments at three time points: Baseline (Time 1), immediately after the intervention (Time 2), and 1 month later (Time 3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (within-subject) tests indicated significant differences in mean scores for antimicrobial resistance knowledge, attitudes, and practices across the three time points in the m-health group. The repeated-measures ANOVA (mixed model) tests revealed significant interaction effects in antimicrobial resistance knowledge, attitudes, and practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>m-Health training program significantly enhanced dialysis nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward antimicrobial resistance. It is recommended to communicate the findings of this study to managers and policymakers to equip them with the information needed to develop and implement effective strategies, policies, and multidisciplinary interventions aimed at reducing antimicrobial resistance in hemodialysis units.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251318153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11815810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143410061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nomogram for predicting mortality risk in geriatric patients with hip fractures complicated by pneumonia: A multicenter study.","authors":"Kaiming Zhang, Xiangwei Li, Yujia Xiao, Cheng Zhou, Yu Liu, Fan Zhen, Hao Zhang, Mao Nie","doi":"10.1177/20503121251319168","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251319168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pneumonia is a common perioperative complication in geriatric patients with hip fractures. This study aimed to analyze demographic characteristics, mortality rates, postoperative outcomes, and perioperative comorbidities, identify risk factors for mortality, and develop a nomogram for predicting the prognosis of these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on patients hospitalized for arthroplasty for hip fractures from 2020 to 2023 at three hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the P group (patients with hip fractures complicated with pneumonia) and the C group (patients with hip fractures without pneumonia) and demographic characteristics, mortality, postoperative outcomes, and perioperative comorbidities of the patients were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression was then used to identify independent risk factors for inpatient mortality in the P group and a nomogram was constructed to predict inpatient mortality. The predictive performance of the nomogram was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves, decision curve analysis, and calibration curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 311 patients participated in the study. Patients in the P group had longer hospitalization (<i>p</i> = 0.001), higher inpatient mortality (<i>p</i> < 0.001), higher mortality (30 days) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and a poorer recovery of hip function (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression showed that age, BMI, total hip arthroplasty, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were independent risk factors for inpatient mortality in the P group; these factors were incorporated in the nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.868 (95% CI: 0.802-0.933), and the C-index of internal bootstrapping validation was 0.851 (95% CI: 0.793-0.908), indicating the effectiveness of the nomogram in predicting patient prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coinfection with pneumonia adversely affected both recovery of hip function and survival in geriatric patients with hip fractures. Age, BMI, total hip arthroplasty, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were found to be independent risk factors for mortality in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251319168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}