SAGE Open Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Functional analysis of 6 variations in <i>FOXL2</i>.","authors":"Yuan Wang, Qian Wu, Yunyu Zhou, Wen Liu, Wenhong Cao, Yunwei Fan, Ningdong Li","doi":"10.1177/20503121251329287","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251329287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate the functional alterations caused by pathogenic variants in the <i>FOXL2</i> gene, a forkhead transcriptional factor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is an experimental research with a duration from January to September 2022. We selected six variants for analysis, including a double missense variant, c.150C>G (p. Asp50Glu) and c.326A>T (p. Asn109Ile); three deletions, c.411_412del (p. Met137Ilefs101), c.533_542del (p. Val178Alafs90), and c.684delA (p. Ala229Leufs43); a nonsense variant, c.214G>T (p. Glu72); and a duplication, c.663_692dup (p. Ala225_Ala234dup). We constructed expression vectors containing these variants and transfected them into HeLa cells. Confocal microscopy was used to observe the subcellular localization of the expressed proteins. We evaluated gene expression using dual luciferase reporter assays and quantitative PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proteins expressed by vectors with deletion variants were predominantly localized to the nucleus, while those with the double missense variant exhibited diffuse expression throughout the cell. Proteins from nonsense and duplication variants localized to the cytoplasm. Luciferase activity assays revealed that proteins encoded by the p. Ala229Leufs43, p. Glu72, and p. Ala225_Ala234dup variants significantly diminished the inhibitory effects on the transcription of the <i>StAR</i> gene. Additionally, all proteins encoded by indel and nonsense variants, except for the double missense variant, demonstrated a marked reduction in their inhibitory effects on <i>CCDN2</i> and <i>INHBB</i> gene expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The double missense variant does not exert a superimposed inhibitory effect on gene expression. Despite differences in subcellular localization, all mutant proteins produced by these variants likely interfere with downstream gene expression through a shared pathway. Furthermore, mutant <i>FOXL2</i> proteins may disrupt ovarian development via multiple pathways, extending beyond their impact on <i>StAR</i> gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251329287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enablers and barriers to the use of portable ultrasound devices for antenatal care in rural health centers in the Philippines.","authors":"Jacob Anthony Batuhan, Reynan Hernandez, Florentina Villanueva, Airen Sigue, Kevyn Yu, Kate Wad-Asen, Beatriz Carandang, Jeremie Bartelheimer","doi":"10.1177/20503121251330991","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251330991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This qualitative study aims to examine the enablers and barriers to portable ultrasound device utilization for antenatal care in rural Philippine health centers, with the goal of improving maternal outcomes and reducing maternal mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted focus group discussions with 18 healthcare workers (midwives, a nurse, and a radiologic technician) and 20 pregnant women across 5 rural health centers. We used inductive thematic analysis to identify system-related, provider-related, and client-related enablers and barriers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enablers included free ultrasound services, hospital policies requiring prenatal scans, provider training, awareness creation, patient interest and acceptance, and confidence in HCWs' capabilities. Barriers comprised resource limitations, distance to facilities, insufficient HCW skills, time constraints, emotional fears, traditional beliefs, misconceptions, and lack of trust in providers' competence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addressing resource gaps, ongoing provider training, and patient education may enhance portable ultrasound device uptake and significantly improve maternal health outcomes in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251330991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemin as a protective agent in an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury.","authors":"Zuoyan Wang, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1177/20503121251329163","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251329163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ischemia-reperfusion injury exacerbates myocardial damage and affects the prognosis of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. This study investigates the potential cytoprotective effects of hemin in an in vitro cardiomyocyte model subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation, a simulation of ischemia-reperfusion injury, building upon previous evidence of hemin's efficacy in modulating ischemia-reperfusion injuries in various biological tissues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to a simulated hypoxia/reoxygenation environment. The experimental setup included pretreatment with hemin at varying concentrations, with subsequent assessment in the presence and absence of a heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor (Zinc-Protoporphyrin IX (heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pretreatment with 5 μM hemin notably attenuated the oxidative stress and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes following hypoxia/reoxygenation exposure, while simultaneously upregulating heme oxygenase-1 expression. This protective effect was found to be heme oxygenase-1 dependent, as evidenced by its attenuation upon the introduction of Zinc-Protoporphyrin IX (heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor), a heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that low-dose, short-term hemin pretreatment can effectively reduce hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cellular damage in cardiomyocytes through the upregulation of heme oxygenase-1. These results underscore the therapeutic potential of hemin in attenuating myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251329163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and regional mortality trends in dilated cardiomyopathy in the United States; 1999-2020.","authors":"Syed Sarmad Javaid, Syed Usama Ashraf, Anoud Khan, Muntaha Irfan, Muhammad Usman Alamgir, Syed Daniyal Ahmed Jilanee, Hamiz Faisal, Muhammad Salman Peryani, Noor Ul Ain, Ismail Khan","doi":"10.1177/20503121251329806","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251329806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dilated cardiomyopathy significantly impacts mortality and hospitalizations in the U.S., yet trends in dilated cardiomyopathy-related mortality are underreported. This retrospective study examines the trends in dilated cardiomyopathy-related mortality between 1999 and 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database was analyzed to study the trends in dilated cardiomyopathy-related mortality. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 people and annual percent changes with 95% CIs were determined. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess the trends in the overall demographic, geographic, and place-of-death variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 168,702 dilated cardiomyopathy-related deaths reported between 1999 and 2020. The age-adjusted mortality rate declined from 3.40 in 1999 to 1.71 in 2020. Men unfailingly had a higher age-adjusted mortality rate than women. Non-Hispanic Black or African Americans had the highest age-adjusted mortality rate compared to other races, with a recent increase in annual percent change from 2015 to 2020. Hispanics, or Latinos, also showed an alarming rise in annual percent change of 11.10 from 2018 to 2020. Significant geographical variations were noted, with states in the top 90th percentile (Michigan, Washington, and Delaware) having approximately three times the age-adjusted mortality rate compared to states that fell in the lower 10th percentile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite overall declines, racial and regional disparities persist, owing to the growing clinical burden. Targeted research and interventions are key to addressing disparities and reducing dilated cardiomyopathy-related mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251329806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac arrhythmias of BCR-ABL inhibitors with or without triazole antifungal agents: A real-world pharmacovigilance study based on the food and drug administration adverse event reporting system database.","authors":"Peitao Xie, Lishan Lu, Yixuan Tian, Rongrong Jia, Xuemei Tian, Pu Bai","doi":"10.1177/20503121251328762","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251328762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Breakpoint Cluster Region (BCR)-Abelson tyrosine kinase (ABL) inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of blood cancers, particularly chronic myelogenous leukemia and are often combined with triazole antifungal agents to prevent fungal infections. However, the cardiac arrhythmia risks associated with BCR-ABL inhibitors in combination with triazole antifungal agents in real-world settings remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we conducted a pharmacovigilance study to evaluate and compare the cardiac arrhythmia profiles of BCR-ABL inhibitors when used with and without triazole antifungal agents in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A disproportionality analysis was performed using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database (2004Q1-2024Q2). To identify potential signals of cardiac arrhythmias associated with BCR-ABL inhibitors, with or without triazole antifungal agents, we calculated reporting odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Comparisons were made between BCR-ABL inhibitor monotherapy and all other drugs in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database, as well as between BCR-ABL inhibitors combined with triazole antifungal agents and BCR-ABL inhibitor monotherapy. Additionally, the Weibull shape parameter test was also used to evaluate time-to-onset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2004Q1 to 2024Q2, the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database reported 21,433,114 cases, including 2666 and 68 cases of cardiac arrhythmias linked to BCR-ABL inhibitor monotherapy and its combination with triazole antifungal agents, respectively. The reporting odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for BCR-ABL inhibitor monotherapy, asciminib, nilotinib, and ponatinib were 1.31 (1.27-1.36), 2.11 (1.45-3.06), 2.66 (2.53-2.80), and 1.18 (1.05-1.33), respectively. Dasatinib plus triazole antifungal agents (reporting odds ratio: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.93-4.60) and ponatinib plus triazole antifungal agents (reporting odds ratio: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.08-2.16) were associated with a higher disproportionality of cardiac arrhythmias than BCR-ABL inhibitor monotherapy. The median time-to-onset was longer with monotherapy than with BCR-ABL inhibitors plus triazole antifungal agents (2.63 vs. 0.34 months, <i>p</i> < 0.001), both indicating an early failure type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BCR-ABL inhibitors plus triazole antifungal agents increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmia, particularly in the early stages of treatment, with the risk decreasing over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251328762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level and determinants of advanced life support knowledge among nurses in Spain: A national cross-sectional study.","authors":"Rosa Pérez-Ibáñez, Isabel Almodóvar-Fernández, Pasqual Gregori Roig, Paula Sánchez-Thevenet","doi":"10.1177/20503121251326655","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251326655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge of advanced life support among general nurses in Spain, identify knowledge gaps and analyze the demographic, educational, and occupational determinants of their level of knowledge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to February 2021 among general nurses in Spain. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, educational, and professional background, as well as theoretical knowledge questions. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors associated with the outcome of the educational measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 888 general nurses participated in the study, with representation from all 52 Spanish provinces; 80% of whom were female nurses. The 72.3% of the nurses did not attain the 70% correct score on the theoretical questionnaire, a prerequisite for achieving an adequate pass rating. The study revealed inadequate knowledge among the participating nurses with regard to the characteristics of fluid therapy, the conditions for defibrillation and the action algorithm in the event of a defibrillate rhythm, and the recommendations for use of the LUCAS RCP^® device. Nurse gender, possession of at least a Master's degree, practising in high-risk areas for cardiac arrest and having received recent advanced life support training were positively associated with better knowledge of advanced life support among nurses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study shows that Spanish general nurses have insufficient knowledge of advanced life support and that there are evident knowledge gaps in key subject areas relating to best practices for cardiorespiratory arrests. This indicates that they require knowledge building to promote evidence-based patient care. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the significance of ongoing education needed to respond to high-risk events such as a cardiac arrest. The positive and negative factors identified in this study, which influence the attainment of a good level of advanced life support knowledge, should be taken into account.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251326655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of attachment styles in post-traumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth in the Shidu parents of China.","authors":"Zhilei Shang, Na Zhou, Buhang Xu, Han Diao, Suhui Cheng, Yanpu Jia, Lili Wu, Wenjie Yan, Weizhi Liu, Geyu Chen","doi":"10.1177/20503121251324990","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251324990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of Shidu parents in China is significant and expected to continue increasing. The psychological status of Shidu parents deserves more attention.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our objective is to investigate the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder and attachment styles among Shidu parents on post-traumatic growth, with the aim of providing valuable insights for alleviating post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and enhancing levels of post-traumatic growth following trauma.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Demographic data, the Revised Adult Attachment Scale, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, and the post traumatic growth inventory were used to investigated 297 Shidu parents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two samples <i>t</i>-test was employed to evaluate disparities in post-traumatic growth inventory scores based on post-traumatic stress disorder and diverse attachment styles. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 scores and post-traumatic growth inventory scores, as well as the association between different attachment styles and post-traumatic growth inventory scores. We performed multiple mediator analyses to further confirm the influence of post-traumatic stress disorder and attachment styles on post-traumatic growth inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) A total of 35% of the people tested positive for post-traumatic stress disorder; (2) A total of 56.9% of the participants exhibited secure attachment, while 43.1% exhibited insecure attachment; (3) The results unveiled a substantial negative correlation between the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 scores and the post traumatic growth inventory scores; (4) A significant positive correlation was evident in relation to attachment dependence/closeness and post-traumatic growth inventory, while a significant negative correlation was established between attachment anxiety and post-traumatic growth inventory.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that post-traumatic growth inventory is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder and attachment styles in Shidu parents. It might offer new insights into influencing levels of post-traumatic growth through post-traumatic stress disorder intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251324990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of differential gene expression in the brain tissue transcriptome of Jiangkou radish piglets infected with porcine pseudorabies virus.","authors":"Wei Sun, Shan-Shan Liu, Yu Fan, Sheng-Qing Deng, Hua-Qi Zhang, Fengzhao Zhu, Shi-He Long, Tao-Hua Ren, Ling Bai","doi":"10.1177/20503121251326763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251326763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The research focused on the effects of pseudorabies virus on gene expression in piglet brain tissue.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The goal was to understand the changes in gene expression in piglet brains due to pseudorabies virus infection.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study used a comparative approach with infected and control piglet groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve 2-month-old piglets were divided into pseudorabies virus-infected and PBS-treated control groups, with brain tissue analyzed after 7 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infected piglets showed increased oligodendrocyte counts and pseudorabies virus-positive signals. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 269 differentially expressed genes, with 149 up-regulated and 120 down-regulated. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses indicated these genes are involved in signal transduction, transmembrane transport, apoptosis, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Quantitative fluorescent PCR validated these findings, particularly for genes related to neuroactive pathways, ferroptosis, and IL-17 signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study provides valuable insights into the molecular alterations caused by pseudorabies virus in piglet brain tissue, enhancing our understanding of pseudorabies virus's pathogenic mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251326763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of parathyroid hormone in mineral and glucose metabolism disorders among patients with primary aldosteronism.","authors":"Zhilian Sun, Wenxiu Liu","doi":"10.1177/20503121251324797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251324797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the differences in mineral and glucose metabolic disorders among patients with primary aldosteronism, nonfunctional adrenal tumors, and controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 578 patients, including those with primary aldosteronism, nonfunctional adrenal tumors, and control subjects, at our hospital between January 2013 and December 2023. Biochemical indices including parathyroid hormone, serum potassium, serum calcium, urine potassium, urine calcium, plasma renin, plasma aldosterone, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin resistance index, and pancreatic beta cell function index were compared among the three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the nonfunctional adrenal tumors and control groups, primary aldosteronism patients exhibited significantly higher levels of parathyroid hormone, urinary potassium, and aldosterone (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while their serum potassium and serum calcium levels were significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, primary aldosteronism patients had higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels, lower HOMA-IR, and lower HOMA-β levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that serum parathyroid hormone levels were negatively correlated with serum potassium, serum calcium, serum renin activity, and HOMA-β levels, while positively correlated with urinary potassium, urine calcium, blood carbon dioxide combining power, urine pH, serum aldosterone, and HOMA-IR levels. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that HOMA-IR and aldosterone were the main factors influencing parathyroid hormone levels. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value for parathyroid hormone in diagnosing primary aldosteronism was 62.1 pg/ml, with a sensitivity of 94.4% and specificity of 81.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary aldosteronism is often characterized by elevated parathyroid hormone levels, which can exert direct adverse effects on mineral and glucose metabolism. Elevated parathyroid hormone levels serve as a valuable indicator in the screening of primary aldosteronism.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251324797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unpacking beauty norms and body image: Development and validation of the perceptions of beauty standards scale.","authors":"Shishir Paudel, Anisha Chalise, Shaina Tamrakar, Dhurba Khatri","doi":"10.1177/20503121251324085","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251324085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Perceptions of beauty, deeply rooted in societal norms, significantly impact self-esteem, self-concept, and mental well-being. This study aimed to develop and validate the Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale, a tool designed to assess how individuals perceive societal beauty standards.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale was developed and validated following extensive literature review, expert consultation and survey among 313 adolescents in Kathmandu, Nepal. Items in the scale reflect societal standards of beauty, focusing on physical attributes such as weight, skin color, and body imperfections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Content validity was established with a scale-level content validity index of 0.95 and an item-level content validity index above 0.83 for all items. The initial 10-item Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale underwent exploratory factor analysis, which revealed two factors: \"Beauty Perceptions\" (38.67% variance explained) and \"Acceptance of Beauty Diversity\" (10.47% variance explained). However, two items exhibited instability in factor loadings and item-total correlations, prompting their removal from the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-10 two-factor model, the single-factor model, and the revised 8-item version (Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-8). Confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed that the Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-8 exhibited a good fit (CMIN/DF = 2.30, TLI = 0.947, SRMR = 0.040, RMSEA = 0.061), demonstrating strong construct validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The scale showed good psychometric properties, including content validity, construct validity, and reliability. The Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-8 offers a robust measure of societal beauty perceptions, providing valuable insights into body image and mental health, particularly in environments where societal beauty standards strongly influence self-esteem.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251324085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}