SAGE Open Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Recommender systems for obesity prevention: Scoping review of reviews.","authors":"Karina Karolina De Santis, Lisa Stiens, Lara Christianson, Sarah Forberger","doi":"10.1177/20503121251348374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251348374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recommender systems are technology-based systems that generate recommendations or guide users to relevant information. This study is a scoping review aiming to describe what is known about the recommender systems for obesity prevention according to systematic reviews on this topic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA ScR) guideline. Out of 148 records labeled as reviews in the database and online searches until October 2023, 10 reviews fulfilled the inclusion criteria according to the Population, Concept, and Context framework: Population (human), Concept (recommender systems), and Context (obesity prevention). Bibliographic, population, concept, and context characteristics, and topics addressed in reviews were charted and synthesized using relative frequencies or described narratively. An overlap that occurs when the same primary studies are included in multiple reviews was assessed as the overall Corrected Covered Area (CCA: 0%-5% low overlap to ⩾15% very high overlap).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reviews were published between 2017 and 2023 and included 308 primary studies. The overlap in primary studies among the 10 reviews was low (CCA = 1.29%). The reviews described the recommender system properties (<i>n</i> = 8) or their implementation (<i>n</i> = 2) in any (<i>n</i> = 6) or specific populations (e.g., elderly; <i>n</i> = 4) and focused on nutrition (<i>n</i> = 9) and physical activity (<i>n</i> = 4) within obesity prevention context. The topics addressed in reviews were recommendation generation (i.e., technical system properties; <i>n</i> = 9), health content (e.g., nutritional advice; <i>n</i> = 7), and implementation (i.e., system evaluation and user application; <i>n</i> = 5). The evidence gaps included the need for new system development and evaluation (<i>n</i> = 8) and a focus on diverse health contexts (<i>n</i> = 4).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evidence from past reviews suggests that despite the existence of several technical solutions, there is yet no consensus on how to generate the most accurate nutrition recommendations in the obesity prevention context. Future studies addressing system and user outcome evaluation are needed to identify the optimal parameters for any long-term behavior change in recommender system users.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251348374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation of the Youth Attitude to Noise Scale and evaluation of Samoan university student attitudes towards recreational and environmental noise: A cross-sectional study to support the development of noise health promotion strategies.","authors":"Annette Kaspar, Rossana Tofaeono-Pifeleti, Galumalemana Hunkin, Lineta Tamanikaiyaroi, Carlie Driscoll, Sione Pifeleti","doi":"10.1177/20503121251333980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251333980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>According to the World Health Organisation, nearly 50% of people aged 12-35 years worldwide are at risk of permanent hearing loss due to excessive and prolonged recreational and environmental noise exposure. There is no research literature on noise-induced hearing loss in the Pacific Islands. This study was conducted in order to support the development of public health policies and health promotion campaigns aimed at addressing preventable hearing loss among youth and young adults in Samoa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Youth Attitude to Noise Scale is a validated 19-item questionnaire requiring a response on the 5-point Likert scale. The Youth Attitude to Noise Scale was formally translated into Samoan, and a bilingual version (English/Samoan) was administered to university students in Samoa to assess their attitudes towards recreational and environmental noise. Participants (<i>N</i> = 129, 39.5% male, 38% female, 22.5% missing data) represented the School of Medicine (<i>N</i> = 24), the Center for Samoan Studies (<i>N</i> = 29), and the Faculty of Technical Education (<i>N</i> = 76). Age range was 15-30 years (mean = 19.54, median = 19.00, SD = 2.9).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 61.2% of participants agreed that there should be more rules/regulations for the sound levels in society, with more female students agreeing with this statement than male; 46.6% felt entertainment venues were too loud, with more medical students supporting this statement than either technical education or Samoan Studies students. A total of 72.9% agreed it should be quiet in classrooms; 60.5% were prepared to help make the educational environments quieter; 58.9% responded that listening to music helps them concentrate when doing homework; and 45.7% responded that it was difficult to concentrate when surrounded by many different sounds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results indicated that there was a readiness among young adults to participate in the co-design of noise health policies, including the development of noise health promotion campaigns.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251333980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intratympanic steroid injection adjunct to myringotomy with ventilation tube insertion for otitis media with effusion in children with cleft palate - a matched pair randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Patorn Piromchai, Jutarat Anutragulchai, Kwanchanok Yimtae, Somchai Srirompotong, Panida Thanawirattananit","doi":"10.1177/20503121251348026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251348026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive intratympanic dexamethasone therapy in improving outcomes of myringotomy with ventilation tube insertion for bilateral otitis media with effusion in children with cleft palate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children with cleft palate aged 2-12 years were recruited. Dexamethasone or placebo was administered intratympanically based on randomized allocation, with contralateral ear receiving the alternate treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three children with cleft palate (mean age: 33.04 ± 27.80 months) were enrolled. Baseline demographics were comparable between groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Both dexamethasone and placebo groups demonstrated significant hearing level improvements at 1-month follow-up (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Patients with otitis media with effusion duration ⩽ 3 months exhibited superior outcomes in the dexamethasone group (mean difference: -3.18 dB HL, 95% CI: -4.88 to -1.49, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Patients with cleft palate without other anomalies demonstrated a significant improvement in the dexamethasone group (mean difference: -3.24 dB HL, 95% CI: -5.04 to -1.43, <i>p</i> = 0.002). No significant differences in adverse events were observed between groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early intratympanic dexamethasone injection adjunct to myringotomy with ventilation tube insertion is recommended for otitis media with effusion in children with cleft palate.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251348026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicians' degree of awareness regarding the risks, clinical practices, and management challenges of nosocomial legionnaires' disease: A cross-sectional study from two Ethiopian hospitals.","authors":"Etsub Brhanesilassie Hailemichael, Adey Feleke Desta, Girma Taye, Sirak Robele Gari, Sibhatu Biadgilign, Wondwossen Amogne","doi":"10.1177/20503121251344144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251344144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong><i>Legionella pneumophila</i> is a waterborne bacterium known to cause Legionnaires' disease, a severe form of pneumonia particularly affecting older and immune compromised individuals. This study evaluates the level of risk awareness, clinical practices, and barriers to optimal management of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in Ethiopia's two largest hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a cross-sectional survey design, utilizing a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from 374 practicing physicians at two specialized hospitals in Addis Ababa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 324 questionnaires were returned, yielding a response rate of 86.6%. Eighty percent (<i>n</i> = 270) reported some level of awareness of Legionnaires' disease as a clinical condition. However, 43% of the physicians were unaware of the association between hospital water systems and the risk of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease. Fifty-seven percent of the respondents indicated the absence of technical guidelines to inform the diagnosis and management of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease. Most physicians relied on clinical assessment (57%, <i>n</i> = 51) for diagnosing the disease, citing diagnostic barriers (68%, <i>n</i> = 140) and perceived low reliability of existing laboratory tests as key challenges. Notably, physicians with limited knowledge about Legionnaires' disease were associated with a 79% reduction in accurate diagnosis of cases. Additionally, poor hospital water quality (43%) and inadequate infection prevention and control measures were identified as significant contributors to the persistence of waterborne hospital-acquired pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights physicians' limited awareness of the risks posed by hospital water systems in the transmission of Legionnaires' disease. Additionally, the diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease is impeded by the lack of clinical guidelines and specific diagnostic testing capabilities. These findings underscore the urgent need to revise hospital-acquired pneumonia protocols, strengthen infection prevention and control guidelines, and enhance hospital water management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251344144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The xylazine-fentanyl nexus: A public health emergency.","authors":"Kanwarpreet Singh Sandhu, Siddarth Kumar, Keshav Garg, Kanishk Aggarwal, Mayank Tiwwary, Griffin Perry, Vasu Bansal, Rohit Jain","doi":"10.1177/20503121251348068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251348068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The US opioid crisis has rapidly escalated over the past 4 decades, with a shifting profile of available substances contributing to rising fatalities. Leading this crisis is illicitly manufactured fentanyl, now increasingly adulterated with xylazine, a veterinary sedative not approved for human use. Despite a greater awareness in recent years regarding the vital role of naloxone in preventing fatal cases of overdose, xylazine has been associated with a sharp increase in overdose-related deaths due to its potent central nervous system effects. Recent data suggest a significant spread of xylazine, underscoring the importance of strategies to counteract fentanyl and implement aggressive supportive care for xylazine-fentanyl toxicity. This combination, often undetectable by standard drug tests, presents challenges in diagnosis and treatment of overdoses. These challenges have become relevant among young adults, a demographic particularly affected, underscoring the need for harm reduction measures and further research into the shifting patterns of fentanyl-related intoxication across the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251348068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of metabolism-associated molecular classification for effect and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma based on multidatabases including the cancer genome atlas and gene expression omnibus.","authors":"Lilin Que, Zhibing Liu, Yinghui Wu, Lan Luo, Leifeng Liang","doi":"10.1177/20503121251341114","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251341114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma is a highly heterogeneous group of diseases with distinct molecular genetic features, pathological characteristics, metabolic profiles, and clinical behaviors. However, the clinical relevance of metabolic characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear. This study aimed to describe the molecular characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The gene expression profiles of 1037 lung adenocarcinoma samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. This study is based on sample data from 2006 to 2020. The long-time span and sufficient sample size ensure the robustness of the research findings. Using unsupervised transcriptome analysis, we identified three distinct subtypes (C1, C2, and C3). We then compared the prognostic traits, transcriptome characteristics, metabolic signatures, immune infiltration, clinical features, and drug sensitivity of the lung adenocarcinoma subclasses. A classifier was generated to determine lung adenocarcinoma classification, and we verified the clinical value of this classifier in other tumors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicated that C1 possessed the most abundant metabolic pathways. Compared with C2 and C3, C1 possessed 35 metabolic pathways that exhibited significant differences. The immune score, matrix score, and immune infiltration for subtype C1 were significantly lower than those for subtypes C2 and C3, suggesting that C1 is a metabolically active subtype. Five metabolic pathways were observed in C2. Subtype C2 was associated with the best prognosis and exhibited the lowest tumor mutation burden and copy number variation. Subtype C3 comprised five metabolic pathways. Immune checkpoint analysis revealed that C3 cells may potentially benefit from immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study deepens the understanding of the metabolic characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma and may provide valuable information for immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251341114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of Mental Health Literacy Assessment Scale among community health workers in Nepal.","authors":"Shishir Paudel, Anisha Chalise, Prashabdhi Shakya, Tulsi Ram Bhandari","doi":"10.1177/20503121251341423","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251341423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and validate the Mental Health Literacy Assessment Scale for assessing mental health literacy among community health workers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 24 items were initially generated and refined through cognitive interviews and expert evaluation. The final scale consisted of 20 items. Face validity was ensured through cognitive interviews conducted in two phases with community health workers and volunteers. Content validity was assured based on the ratings of six experts. Cross-sectional survey was performed among 233 community health workers. Exploratory factor analysis using Varimax rotation was performed to identify latent variables with factor loadings > 0.4. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to validate the model, using root mean square error of approximation < 0.05, standardized root mean square residual < 0.08, comparative fit index ⩾ 0.90, and Tucker-Lewis index ⩾ 0.90. Reliability was assessed through Cronbach's alpha where alpha coefficient > 0.70 indicated internal consistency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory factor analysis identified four factors explaining 50.75% of variance explained by positive mental health behaviors (21.44%), misconceptions about mental health (14.24%), symptoms of mental distress (8.70%), and mental health stigma (6.37%). The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated excellent model fit, with indices such as the normed Chi-square (1.31), comparative fit index (0.95), Tucker-Lewis index (0.94), and root mean square error of approximation (0.03). The scale displayed strong convergent and discriminant validity, with an average variance extracted > 0.43 and composite reliability > 0.70 for all factors. Internal consistency was confirmed, with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.78 for the overall scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Mental Health Literacy Assessment Scale has demonstrated robust psychometric properties and comprehensive coverage of mental health literacy components, making it a valuable tool for both research and practical applications among Community health workers in Nepal. While these findings support its utility in this context, further validation is needed to establish its applicability across other low- and middle-income countries to assess its effectiveness in diverse cultural and geographic settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251341423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-life utilization of sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer: Patterns of practice in unmapped patients and effect on treatment and outcomes.","authors":"Danielle Glassman, Raadhika Kher, Cande V Ananth, Eugenia Girda","doi":"10.1177/20503121251342047","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251342047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the real-life utilization of sentinel lymph node mapping for surgical staging of patients with endometrial cancer. We evaluated patterns of surgical staging in unmapped patients and studied how this practice affected adjuvant therapies and survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer who underwent minimally invasive surgical staging, including sentinel lymph node mapping with cervical injection of indocyanine green from January 2019 to December 2021. Patient demographics, surgical findings, sentinel lymph node mapping, adjuvant therapy, and recurrence rates were collected. Sentinel lymph node detection rates were calculated, and reasons for omitting lymphadenectomy in unmapped patients were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 121 patients, 80 (66%) had successful sentinel lymph node mapping and 41 (34%) failed mapping. Our yearly detection rate was 63%, 68%, and 70% for 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. In patients with successful sentinel lymph node mapping, 73.8% were low-grade and 26.2% were high-grade histology. For patients with failed mapping, 75.6% were low-grade and 24.4% were high-grade histology. For the failed mapping cohort, 23 patients (56.1%) had a complete lymphadenectomy performed, of which 3 (13.0%) had positive lymph nodes. Reasons for omitting lymphadenectomy were documented as: (1) intraoperative pathologic evaluation; (2) inability to tolerate Trendelenburg; (3) difficulty with anatomical dissection/visualization; and (4) evidence of locally advanced disease. There were 18 incompletely staged patients, including 8 (44.4%) with low-risk disease, 2 (11.1%) with locally advanced disease, and 1 (5.6%) with serous histology. The remaining 7 (38.9%) unstaged patients were offered and/or received adjuvant radiation based on final pathology. During a short-term follow-up period, no patients in the unmapped or incompletely staged cohorts had a recurrence of the disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rate of sentinel lymph node detection is improving. Low-risk disease identified on intraoperative pathology was the most common reason for omitting lymphadenectomy in unmapped patients, and that practice did not seem to affect adjuvant therapy or recurrence of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251342047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on the knowledge and attitudes of professional football players and coaches.","authors":"Rafael González-Moret, Isabel Almodóvar-Fernández, Sara Simón-Montolio, Héctor Usó-Vicent, Paula Sánchez Thevenet, Antonio Real-Fernández","doi":"10.1177/20503121251341107","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251341107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the change in attitudes and knowledge about basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation in football professionals following a training intervention and to examine its correlation with sociodemographic variables.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study consists of two phases. The first phase involves an observational cross-sectional study to assess the level of attitude and knowledge in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The second phase includes an educational intervention consisting of a training and practical session on basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with a pre-post single-group study. The questionnaire was completed by football professionals from the Spanish first division and their coaches, with <i>N</i> = 206 in the first phase and <i>N</i> = 70, 30 days after the training intervention in the second phase. A possible limitation is that the final sample size is smaller than the initial one; however, it still exceeds the estimated minimum. A two-phase statistical analysis was conducted: a cross-sectional analysis using nonparametric tests (Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman) assessed baseline attitude and knowledge in relation to sociodemographic variables, followed by a pre-post intervention analysis using parametric (<i>t</i>-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson) or nonparametric tests depending on data distribution to evaluate intra- and inter-group changes. Normality was tested with the Shapiro-Wilk test and appropriate tests were applied accordingly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a significant increase (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the average attitude of participants between before (4.25 ± 0.39) and after (4.40 ± 0.41) the intervention. Knowledge also shows a significant increase (<i>p</i> < 0.001) between before (5.66 ± 1.92) and after (7.60 ± 1.84) the intervention. There is no significant correlation with age, gender, professional category, or levels of knowledge and attitudes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation training intervention has proven beneficial, regardless of gender, educational level, or category studied (players/coaches).</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251341107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis and its predictors among children with type 1 diabetes at selected governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; A five-year retrospective follow-up study.","authors":"Shimeles Tefera Mamo, Tigistu Gebreyohannis Gebretensaye, Feven Mulugeta, Gemechu Gelan Bekele","doi":"10.1177/20503121251343175","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251343175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic ketoacidosis, a severe complication of type 1 diabetes, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Ethiopia. Despite its high burden, data on recovery time and predictors of diabetic ketoacidosis in this population are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the time to recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis and its predictors among children with diabetic ketoacidosis at selected governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 5-year retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 391 hospitalized children with diabetic ketoacidosis in selected governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, from January 1, 2018 to December 30, 2022. Participants and hospitals were selected using a simple random sampling method. A structured data collection checklist was adapted from similar studies and modified. The data were checked for completeness and entered into Stata version 16 for analysis. Variables with <i>p</i>-value < 0.05 in the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were considered significant predictors of the time to recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 423 records of children with diabetic ketoacidosis with 391 (92.4%) response rates were included in the final analysis. Out of these, 370 were recovered and discharged. The remaining 21 cases were censored. The overall median time taken to resolution from diabetic ketoacidosis was 27 h, with an interquartile range of 16-38. Diabetic mellitus history (Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.30-0.56), severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (AHR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.34-6.1), presence of comorbidity (AHR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.37-2.26), and blood sugar level (AHR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39-0.96) were all independent predictors of time to recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendation: </strong>The median diabetic ketoacidosis recovery time was 27 h. Key predictors included admission glucose, comorbidities, diabetic ketoacidosis severity, and diabetes history. Early diagnosis, thorough assessment, and optimized management are crucial to reducing risks and improving outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251343175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144161825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}