SAGE Open Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Food taboos among indigenous pregnant women of Khagrachari District, Bangladesh.","authors":"Labanya Tripura, Shahrin Emdad Rayna, Anirban Chakma, Khan Mohammad Thouhidur Rahman, Md Syed Shariful Islam, Md Khalequzzaman","doi":"10.1177/20503121251342979","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251342979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore food taboos among indigenous pregnant women in Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-method study was conducted among the Tripura, Chakma, and Marma communities in Khagrachari district of Bangladesh. To identify the list of existing tabooed foods, six focus group discussions were conducted with 36 women aged 15 years and above. For the quantitative part, 75 indigenous pregnant women were interviewed face-to-face to identify the commonly avoided food items during their current pregnancy. All the interviews were conducted in the participant's native language.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 different items were identified as tabooed food during pregnancy. Among the current pregnant, 46.6% were adhering to food taboos. The most commonly avoided fruits were pineapple (33.3%) and papaya (20.0%). For vegetables, organic sweet potato (4.0%) and pumpkin (2.6%) were the most common. For animal products, 8.0% of participants avoided fish of any kind, and 2.6% restricted duck meat. Cold food (4.0%) was the most avoided beverages and snacks. Betel leaf and nut (2.6%) were also in the list of tabooed food. Distinct locally grown Ghut Ghutte, Chinese yam, and wild yam were also refrained. The health and well-being of the baby were the main concerns behind the food taboos.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a high prevalence of food taboo practices among the indigenous pregnant women of Bangladesh. Tailored intervention programs to address misunderstandings, dispel myths, and encourage healthier food choices during pregnancy among the indigenous communities of Bangladesh can be beneficial for both pregnant and babies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251342979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144161823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of hematological indices in severe septic acute kidney injury to predict hospital mortality and need for renal replacement therapy at discharge.","authors":"Diana Carolina Vargas Ángel, Camilo Andrés Chaparro, Oscar Mauricio Muñoz, Kateir Contreras-Villamizar, Camilo Alberto González, Daniel Augusto Martín, Laura Viviana Galindo","doi":"10.1177/20503121251333691","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121251333691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recent studies have identified the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil/lymphocyte × platelet ratio as promising prognostic markers in patients with sepsis. This study aims to evaluate the discriminatory ability of these ratios to predict mortality and requirement for renal replacement therapy at discharge, in patients with septic acute kidney injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diagnostic test study based on a multicenter retrospective cohort of adult patients with septic acute kidney injury requiring renal support. Hematologic ratios were calculated for three disease moments (admission, diagnosis of acute kidney injury, initiation of renal replacement therapy). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyze the discriminative ability of the different hematological ratios at each disease moment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 152 patients were included. In-hospital mortality occurred in 61.8%, and 24.2% of survivors required renal replacement therapy at discharge. Measurements taken at the initiation of renal replacement therapy had the best discriminatory ability to predict adverse outcomes. For neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio the area under the curve to predict mortality was 0.596; (95% CI: 0.500-0.692), and to predict the requirement of renal replacement therapy 0.592 (95% CI: 0.286-0.898). In all proposed scenarios, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil/lymphocyte × platelet ratio demonstrated superior performance in comparison to the platelet/lymphocyte ratio. All three ratios exhibited comparable poor discriminatory ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hematological ratios have poor discriminatory capacity for predicting adverse outcomes in cases of septic acute kidney injury. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio taken at the initiation of renal replacement therapy is a potentially useful, economical, and easily applicable tool to be included in predictive models of mortality and dialysis dependence.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251333691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing academic impact through a bibliometrics analysis: Gastroesophageal reflux disease in the context of obesity treatment and bariatric surgery.","authors":"Akbayan Imanbayeva, Bazylbek Zhakiev, Asset Yelemessov, Kairat Adaibayev, Kymbat Tussupkaliyeva, Dulat Turebayev, Saltanat Urazova, Laura Mamesheva, Alireza Afshar","doi":"10.1177/20503121251336304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251336304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The global rise in obesity rates has led to increased use of bariatric surgery, which can potentially exacerbate or induce gastroesophageal reflux disease. This study aimed to assess the academic impact and trends in research on gastroesophageal reflux disease in the context of obesity treatment and bariatric surgery through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A bibliometric analysis was conducted using data from Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering publications from 1993 to 2024. The study utilized the Bibliometrix R package to analyze publication trends, collaborative networks, and research topics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis encompassed 257 documents from 82 sources, with 6192 total citations and an 8.2% annual growth rate in publications. The United States emerged as the leading contributor with 90 publications. Key research topics included bariatric surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, with increasing focus on complications and revisional bariatric surgery in recent years. Two main research clusters were identified: one focusing on general health aspects and demographics, and another on specialized bariatric procedures and outcomes. However, the analysis is constrained by its reliance on data from only two bibliographic databases, which may not encompass all pertinent studies, and by a geographic bias toward high-income countries. Moreover, our deep literature reviews highlighted that obesity is a known risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease, and while Roux-en-Y gastric bypass often reduces gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms, sleeve gastrectomy may exacerbate or cause de novo gastroesophageal reflux disease postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This bibliometric study reveals a significant increase in research activity on gastroesophageal reflux disease in relation to obesity treatment and bariatric surgery, particularly since 2017. The findings highlight the growing importance of this field and the need for continued international research efforts to optimize surgical protocols and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251336304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12064900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke-related restless leg syndrome in hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients.","authors":"Do Xuan Tinh, Dinh Viet Hung, Do Duc Thuan, Dang Phuc Duc, Dang Minh Duc, Nguyen Dang Cuong, Phan The Ha, Nguyen Dang Hai, Nguyen Duc Thuan, Tran Minh Tuan, Huynh Ngoc Lang, Nguyen Trong Nghia, Pham Ngoc Thao","doi":"10.1177/20503121251336900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251336900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The incidence of stroke-related restless legs syndrome (RLS) has been reported to be high but varies regionally. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and some of the factors related to restless legs syndrome after stroke onset in patients in Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from a total of 423 patients who had stroke, including 283 ischemic and 140 hemorrhagic strokes, which were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging within 7 days after the onset of symptoms, at the Department of Stroke, Military Hospital 103 from September 2023 to April 2024. Restless legs syndrome was diagnosed 1 month after the stroke onset according to the criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Restless legs syndrome was diagnosed in 59 patients (11.6%), including 37 (13.1%) who had ischemic stroke and 12 (8.6%) who had hemorrhagic stroke. An increased rate of restless legs syndrome was observed in stroke patients with brain lesions in the thalamus and lentiform nucleus; those who smoked; and those with a family history of restless legs syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found that the incidence of restless legs syndrome after stroke was 11.6% overall and 13.1% and 8.6% after ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, respectively. Lesion in the thalamus and lentiform nucleus, smoking history, and family history of restless legs syndrome were the predictors of restless legs syndrome after stroke onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251336900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of a new long peripheral catheter in hospitalized patients - a retrospective observational study.","authors":"Yoav Weber, Doron Cohn-Schwartz, Shadi Khamis, Ami Neuberger, Gidon Berger","doi":"10.1177/20503121251337197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251337197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Venous access is a vital component of medical care for hospitalized patients, especially patients who present with difficult intravenous access and require long-term hospitalization. A promising solution for these challenges is the use of long peripheral catheters. This report highlights our experience with an innovative, easily inserted, over-the-needle-long peripheral catheter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, observational study included patients admitted to internal medicine departments and underwent a new long peripheral catheter insertion. We provide data on patient characteristics, indications for long peripheral catheter insertion, insertion success rates, dwell times, and complications rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 109 patients with a total of 128 long peripheral catheters. The leading indications for long peripheral catheter insertion were IV administration of antibiotics and vasopressors. A first-time user inserted 65% of long peripheral catheters on the first attempt, with an average insertion time of 131 ± 11 s. Success rates increased in parallel with experience gained (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The average dwell time was 8.8 ± 0.63 days. The long peripheral catheter was removed as the therapy was completed in 33.5% of the patients. The complication rate was 13/1000 catheter days, including dislodgement, occlusion, phlebitis and infiltration. In addition, 23 individuals were successfully discharged with the long peripheral catheter to complete therapy at home. The long peripheral catheters was used to draw blood in 28 patients and for vasopressor administration in 22 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The new long peripheral catheter provides a safe, rapid, and effective means of venous access. Its straightforward insertion technique, convenience, and suitability for \"point of care\" use make it a valuable option for patients requiring continuous intravenous therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251337197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological adverse events associated with baclofen: A disproportionality analysis based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.","authors":"Ni Zhang, Tingting Jiang, Yanping Li, Pei Guo, Yumeng Liu, Yu Zhang, Yao Liu","doi":"10.1177/20503121251331812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251331812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Baclofen is a muscle relaxant that could carry the risk for neurological adverse events (nAEs). We aim to analyze the nAE profile of frequently used baclofen for its clinical application.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our research is a disproportional analysis based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. We obtained adverse event reports of baclofen from January 2004 to June 2023 from the FAERS database. Reporting odds ratio (ROR) and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) were performed to find nAE associated with baclofen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We extracted a total of 9305 nAE cases with baclofen as the primary suspect. The patients were mostly under 18 years old (45.49%), with markedly more males (43.72%) than females (36.52%). In all, 7275 (78.18%) reports were from the United States. There were 2023 of 9305 (21.74%) reports that occurred serious adverse events (SAE). The median onset time of reports with baclofen-related nAE was 10 days (interquartile range (IQR) 1-112). Intrathecal injection (75.78%) was more than oral (23.06%). We detected 119 significant signals, among which the higher frequencies were somnolence (ROR: 4.69, 95% CI (4.37, 5.03); IC: 2.17, IC025 (2.06)), tremor (ROR: 2.76, 95% CI (2.50, 3.04); IC: 1.43, IC025 (1.29)), lethargy (ROR: 6.37, 95% CI (5.71, 7.10); IC: 2.61, IC025 (2.45)), status epilepticus (ROR: 8.71, 95% CI (7.07, 10.73); IC: 2.98, IC025 (2.69)), generalized tonic-clonic seizure (ROR: 3.17, 95% CI (2.54,3.95); IC: 1.62, IC025 (1.30)], and cerebrospinal fluid leakage (ROR: 229.56, 95% CI (197.76, 266.47); IC: 6.61, IC025 (6.43)]. Unexpected significant nAE might also occur, such as intracranial hypotension (ROR: 428.52, 95% CI (355.18, 517.00); IC: 6.75, IC025 (6.56)], cognitive disorder (ROR: 2.65, 95% CI (2.21, 3.19); IC: 1.38, IC025 (1.11)], anterograde amnesia (ROR: 7.35, 95% CI (2.74, 19.72); IC: 1.69, IC025 (0.90)], metabolic encephalopathy (ROR: 14.77, 95% CI (10.40, 21.00); IC: 3.55, IC025 (2.93)], and myoclonus (ROR: 5.98, 95% CI (4.70, 7.59); IC: 2.46, IC025 (2.13)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the wide use of baclofen, clinicians should be well-informed about important potential nAE. Although disproportional analysis is a refinement approach, it is still necessary to be vigilant about the nAE of baclofen. It is extremely crucial to early monitoring, especially in minors and the initial stage following the commencement of use.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251331812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' perceptions and understanding of preoperative informed consent: A qualitative thematic analysis from Tanzania.","authors":"Steven Michael, Willbroad Kyejo, Allyzain Ismail, Sunil Samji, Eric Aghan, Columba Mbekenga, Athar Ali","doi":"10.1177/20503121251331122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251331122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Informed consent, grounded in the ethical principle of autonomy, represents a patient's agreement to undergo a procedure. Given its critical role in protecting human rights and autonomy, obtaining informed consent before any surgery or procedure is now a mandatory practice. However, many studies question whether informed consent is conducted genuinely, ensuring proper understanding of the information disclosed, or merely serves as a medicolegal formality. This has led to increased malpractice, misunderstanding, anxiety, and overall postoperative dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore patients' perceptions and experiences regarding the informed consent process for elective surgeries, identifying key challenges and areas for improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive qualitative study was conducted at Aga Khan Hospital using individual in-depth interviews. Fourteen patients who had undergone elective surgery were recruited. Baseline data were presented in tables, and inductive thematic analysis was used to interpret the qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven themes emerged from the data: Consent as a legal formality, autonomy, and decision-making, insufficient information, time constraints and lack of opportunities for questions, use of medical jargon, patients' desired information, and overall satisfaction with care. Despite patients' higher levels of education and the hospital's patient-centered care approach, many felt the information provided was insufficient, superficial, and difficult to understand.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found a significant gap between the information patients desired and what was provided. Insufficient information, coupled with the use of medical jargon and time constraints, adversely affected the informed consent process. Enhancing clarity in communication and allowing adequate time for discussions could improve patient understanding and satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251331122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marginal B-cell lymphoma: A 10-year retrospective study at national institute of hematology and blood transfusion, Vietnam.","authors":"Binh Duc Vu, Hung Quang Nguyen, Chiem Quang Le, Cuong Ba Nguyen, Tuong Quang Le, Anh Vu-Bao Nguyen, Thanh Hoang Nguyen, Tai Phu Le, Hieu Van Nguyen","doi":"10.1177/20503121251334508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251334508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The prognostic factors of patients diagnosed with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion between January 2014 and January 2024 were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional descriptive study included 86 newly diagnosed and treated marginal zone B-cell lymphoma patients. Myelogram, histopathology, and immunohistochemical staining were performed for all patients. Diagnosis and classification were conducted according to the WHO 2008 criteria, while disease staging was determined using the Ann Arbor staging system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three subtypes of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma were identified: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (73.3%), nodal marginal zone lymphoma (20.9%), and splenic marginal zone lymphoma (5.8%). The most frequently affected extranodal sites were the stomach (25.6%) and eyes (24.4%). The likelihood of stages III-IV disease was found to be 14 times higher in patients with B symptoms, 17 times higher in those with elevated lactate dehydrogenase, 34 times higher in those with increased B2-M levels, and 5.7 times higher in those with a Ki67 index > 30%. Bone marrow invasion was observed to be 14.8 times more likely in patients with elevated lactate dehydrogenase, 40 times more likely in those with increased B2-M levels, and 4.4 times more likely in those with a Ki67 index > 30%. A significant correlation was identified among hemoglobin concentration, lactate dehydrogenase, B2-M, and Ki67, indicating their potential as prognostic markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lactate dehydrogenase, B2-M, and Ki67 were found to be significantly associated with the prognosis of patients with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251334508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-energy computed tomography may reduce delayed diagnosis of occult hip fractures: Experiences at a single center.","authors":"Hirotaka Kawakami, Hiromi Sasaki, Junichi Kamizono, Yuki Yasutake, Kana Yamada, Suguru Saho, Takehiro Kawauchi, Noboru Taniguchi","doi":"10.1177/20503121251336301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251336301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Early surgical intervention within 48 h is critical for reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with hip fractures. However, occult hip fractures are often missed, leading to treatment delays. Dual-energy computed tomography allows visualization of bone marrow edema and bone contusions, which are challenging to detect using conventional computed tomography. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dual-energy computed tomography in diagnosing occult hip fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen dual-energy computed tomography scans obtained between May 2018 and March 2024 were analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in all cases. A trained musculoskeletal radiologist interpreted the dual-energy computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans, which were then reviewed by two senior orthopedic surgeons. The confirmed diagnoses included 14 femoral trochanteric fractures and 4 femoral neck fractures. Four junior orthopedic surgeons independently reviewed the dual-energy computed tomography scans only and conducted diagnostic examinations. Patients were subsequently categorized into two groups: those with unanimous diagnostic agreement (unanimity group) and those with discrepancies (objection group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For femoral trochanteric fractures, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Cohen's kappa coefficient were 94%, 81%, 0.91, and 0.75, respectively. For femoral neck fractures, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Cohen's kappa coefficient were 68%, 96%, 0.90, and 0.69, respectively. A significant difference in diagnostic ease was noted (<i>p</i> = 0.04), with agreement achieved for 12 of the 14 femoral trochanteric fractures and one of the four femoral neck fractures. Logistic regression analysis yielded a regression coefficient for femoral trochanteric fractures of 3.05 (<i>p</i> = 0.03), indicating that these fractures were more easily diagnosed than femoral neck fractures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dual-energy computed tomography demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting occult hip fractures, particularly those of the femoral trochanter. However, its sensitivity was lower for femoral neck fractures, indicating limited reliability in their diagnosis. Further investigation and magnetic resonance imaging scans are recommended for suspected femoral neck fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251336301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of fall risk in hospitalized patients and associated factors: A cross-sectional study and path analysis.","authors":"Ye Luo, Yuanfei Liu, Suxian Tan, Tian Xu, Guanjun Bao","doi":"10.1177/20503121251335811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251335811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purposes: </strong>Evidence regarding patients' perception of fall risk is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the current situation and the associated factors of patients' perception of fall risk, explore the mechanisms, and identify the subgroup of patients who may be at greater risk of having an erroneous perception.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited from three wards of two tertiary general hospitals in China. Three-step multiple linear regression analyses were conducted including the demographic characteristics, health status factors, and fall-related factors as independent variables and Fall Risk Perception Questionnaire scores as dependent variable. The interactions of age, gender, and ward with fall-related factors were explored to test the potential moderating effects. We also examined the mediating role of fear of falling in the relationship of previous falls and age and perception of fall risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients who were in their older age, female, from endocrinology ward, had comorbidities, ambulatory aids, and fear of falling demonstrated a higher perception of fall risk which may or may not align with their actual risk of fall. The impact of previous fall injuries on perception of fall risk was significantly higher in older adults. The effects of fall-related training on patients' perception of fall risk varied across wards. The fear of falling is a significant mediator between age and perception of fall risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By understanding the self-perception of fall risk, health professionals would identify the population at higher risk of having an erroneous perception of their fall risk. This study increases health professional's awareness and informs administrators to design and implement effective intervention and strategies that target patients' perception of fall risk to promote patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"20503121251335811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}