Przeglad lekarski最新文献

{"title":"[Induced sputum supernatant prostaglandin E2 during oral aspirin challenge of asthmatic patients with and without aspirin hypersensitivity and healthy controls--pilot study].","authors":"Maria Ignacak,&nbsp;Natalia Celejewska-Wójcik,&nbsp;Krzysztof Wójcik,&nbsp;Kinga Sałapa,&nbsp;Ewa Konduracka,&nbsp;Marek Sanak,&nbsp;Katarzyna Tyrak,&nbsp;Krzysztof Sładek,&nbsp;Jacek Musiał,&nbsp;Lucyna Mastalerz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in the concentration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in induced sputum supernatant in 3 groups: sub- jects with NSAID-exacerbated respira- tory disease (NERD), aspirin tolerant asthma (ATA) and healthy controls (HC), before and after oral aspirin chal- lenge test. The study was conducted in the years 2014-2015 at the Clinical Department of the Pulmonology Clinic at the University Hospital in Cracow. 43 patients were enrolled in the study (NERD - n = 15, ATA - n = 15 and HC - n = 13). All of them underwent a placebo-controlled oral aspirin challenge. Sputum was induced 24 hours before the challenge and immediately after the test. Induced sputum was processed in order to obtain cystospin slides to depict inflammatory cell patterns and supernatants, in which PGE2 was measured. The concentration of PGE2 was determined using mass spectrometry coupled with gas chromatography (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry - GC/MS). After aspirin challenge, the concentration of PGE2 in induced sputum supernatant decreased in both asthmatics hypersensitive to aspirin (p = 0.01) and those who tolerated aspirin well (p = 0.17). The change in the healthy control group was not statistically significant. These results support the cyclooxygenase theory of PGE2 inhibition by aspirin. However, the mechanism of bronchoconstriction after aspirin administration alone in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease remains unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34498651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Neurophysiological parameters in myasthena gravis in children in diagnostic and therapeutic view].","authors":"Sławomir Kroczka,&nbsp;Katarzyna Stasiak,&nbsp;Marek Kaciński","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmunologic disorder. It is characterized by various clinical symptoms and their dependency upon the exertion and the rest as well.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Between 2002-20014 in the Neurophysiology Laboratory at the Chair of Pediatric and Adolescent Neurology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, the electrophysiological repetitive nerve stimulation study were performed in 44 children. The clinical picture and positive electrophysiological test were the ground to diagnose MG in 19 of them (12 girls and 7 boys). The mean age at onset of MG in the examined group was 12.8 years. In 5 patients the diagnosis was completed using edrophonium test. In 14patients the titer of AchRAb was also tested. In 18 patients with MG the radiological examinations of the chest were performed. In 14/19 patients with MG the control electrophysiological testing was performed 2 to 8 months after the first one.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The gen-ralized MG was diagnosed in 14 patients, and ocular in 2 of them. The amplitude of electro-physiological testing was normal during the first response in all patients, but the decrement of amplitude 4:1 in patients with MG was 26% to 88%. In 3 patients with MG the persisted thymus, while in 7 hypertrophy of thymus, in 2 thymoma nad inl thyinflammation of the thymus was detected. In 5 children the result of chest examination was normal. Among 5/8 patients (62.5%) with positive AChRAb, in one ocular MG was diagnosed, in the other 7 generalized MG. The titer of AChRAb was between 0.4 and 30.8 nmol/l (mean 9.44 nmol/l), and the decrement of amplitude 4:1 was 22% to 58%.. In the treatment pirydostygmine bromide (Mestinon) was used in all children, however in 4 of them together with azathioprine, and in 7 with steroids. In the treatment of myasthenic crisis in 5 patients plasmapheresis was performed. In 42% of patients thymectomy was performed during the first year after diagnosis. The clinical remission was succeed in 90,9% patients. The electrophysiological control examination detected the decrement of amplitude 4:1 in 1% to 80% (mean 36%). The electrophysiological remission, correlating with clinical remission was achieved in 2 patients. In 6/10 patients with clinical remission, the decrement of amplitude 4:1 in electrophysiological examination continued to be at the level similar to initial examination. In 1 patient remission was complete allowing significant reduction of doses of Mestinon, even though in the electrophysiological test the decrement was 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>(1) Among hospitalized children, the generalized myasthenia was the most common. (2) Neurophysiological studies plays still fundamental role in diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis in children. (3) The correlation of the clinical state and electrophysiological results was not established.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34613772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Brief measure to assess patient perception of self-influence on the disease course-version for hemodialysis].","authors":"Wojciech M Orzechowski,&nbsp;Bartosz Fiderkiewicz,&nbsp;Paweł Żebrowski,&nbsp;Andrzej Rydzewski,&nbsp;Andrzej Kokoszka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Self-influence on the disease course has a significant impact on coping with disease and adherence to medical recommendations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Elaboration of a brief scale for screening of patient perception of self-influence on the course of disease among hemodialysis, which could be used during usual medical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the first stage of the study, based on a group focus interview with 6 hemodialysis (mean age 65.2 ± 14.8 year)--5 women (83%) and 1 men (17%), mean time of dialysis 43.8 ± 38 months, a list of 51 characteristics of patients with low (LP) and high perception (HP) of self-influence on the curse of disease, was constructed. In the second stage 99 patients (mean age 66.1 ± 14.7 year)--51 men (52%) and 48 women (48%), mean time of dialysis 48.7 ± 48.1 months, assessed scale reliability. They were selected by their nephrologists to groups with LP and HP. Based on the results 11 items had the strongest power of discrimination of those two groups. 15 (13.2%) hemodialysis refused to participate at this part of study. In a third step 70 (mean age 68 ± 13.3 year) patients--40 men (57.1%) and 30 women (42.9%), mean time of dialysis 48.1 ± 45.6 months, assessed validity of the tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reliability alfa-Cronbach = 0.9 and validity tau-Kendall = 0.6.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Scale has a very high reliability and satisfactory validity. It can be used for those of hemodialysis who have problems with adherence to medical recommendations or have difficulty in contact with the medical staff or other patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34436201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[P300 potential in chldren with psychogenic nonepileptic events and tension headache].","authors":"Małgorzata Steczkowska,&nbsp;Urszula Stolarska-Weryńska,&nbsp;Krystyna Fiederer,&nbsp;Marek Kaciński","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Psychotherapy is being used as the primary treatment in nonepileptic psychogenic seizures and tension headaches in children. Children's intelectual functioning is related to certain endogenous neurophysiological parameters.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The goal of this study was to establish whether the endogenous potential P300 is different in children with nonepileptic psychogenic events and with tension headaches, and whether it changes under the influence of the cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included a group of 47 children: 20 with nonepileptic psychogenic seizures (18 girls and 2 boys), aged 11.09-17.11 years, and 27 children with tension headache (25 girls and 2 boys), aged 10.11-17.11 years. The P300 potential was induced using an auditory stimulus. The reaction time, the amount of mistakes and the percentage of attention focus was measured in all children. All children attended 8-10 psychotherapy sessions. The P300 potential was registered before and after the course of therapy, and additionally in both cycles also after a 3 minutes hyperventilation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Medium P300 parameters were closer to normal in the group of children with tension headaches rather than in the group with nonepileptic seizures. The shorter was the reaction time in the first measurement, the higher the attention score and the shorter the reaction time in the second measurement - this was visible in the results of children with nonepileptic seizures, in contrast to children with tension headaches. The use of hyperventilation caused a noticeable extension of the reaction time in the P300 measurement, with other components unchanged (mistake count and percentage of attention focus).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The endogenous potential P300 does vary, although on a statistically insignificant level, in groups of children with tension headaches and nonepileptic seizures.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34615354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Changes in mental condition of women with heart failure].","authors":"Alicja Nasiłowska-Barud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart Failure (HF) is one of the\u0000most serious diseases of cardiovascular\u0000system. Epidemiological studies\u0000conducted in the first decade of 2000s\u0000in industrialised countries show that\u0000heart failure occurs in approx. 1-2 %\u0000of the population and significantly\u0000increases up to 10 % in people over\u0000the age of 70. Because of the increase\u0000in incidence and high mortality heart\u0000failure is one of the most important\u0000challenges for modern medicine.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study\u0000was to isolate and characterise emotional\u0000and adaptive changes observed\u0000in women treated for heart failure.\u0000Heart failure may be caused by\u0000myocardial infarction, myocarditis,\u0000cardiomyopathy, untreated hypertension,\u0000valvular heart disease, abuse of\u0000alcohol and other toxic substances.\u0000Its most serious symptoms and\u0000therefore most exhausting for patients\u0000are: shortness of breath, forced vertical\u0000position while breathing, paroxysmal\u0000nocturnal dyspnea, weakness,\u0000fatigue and generalized edema.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Observations\u0000and psychological examination\u0000were conducted in 64 women treated\u0000for heart failure. Women with HF were\u0000provided with help and individual supportive\u0000therapy. In conducting individual\u0000therapy the role and importance of\u0000family support was taken into account.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of conducted\u0000observations and psychological\u0000therapy showed that women with\u0000HF revealed many negative emotional\u0000states: fear, anxiety, insecurity,\u0000depressed mood, depression,\u0000impatience, anger and a sense of loss.\u0000Progressive heart failure contributed\u0000to the increase of negative emotions\u0000and lead to the development of mental\u0000crisis. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory\u0000(STAAI) by C.D. Spielberger and\u0000The Hospital Anxiety and Depression\u0000Scale (HADS) A.S. Zigmond and R.P.\u0000Snaith were used in psychological\u0000examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Conducted research\u0000and psychological observations allow\u0000to conclude that patients with heart\u0000failure require professional help and\u0000psychological intervention. Psychological\u0000therapy should be provided to\u0000patients at different stages of disease\u0000development. Techniques of psychological therapy must\u0000be focused on strengthening psychological resilience and\u0000providing help to survive mental health crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36022174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Position of diuretics in the treatment of heart failure in light of current guidelines].","authors":"Krzysztof Bury,&nbsp;Jadwiga Nessler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diuretics are the longest-used\u0000drugs in heart failure after digoxin.\u0000This is due to their effect on the retention\u0000of sodium and an increase in the\u0000volume of fluid in the extracellular\u0000space secondary to neurohormonal\u0000and hemodynamic disorders occurs\u0000in heart failure, and their effectiveness\u0000in the treatment of symptomatic\u0000heart failure. Discontinuation of treatment\u0000with diuretics or use them in too\u0000small doses is one of the causes of\u0000exacerbation or acute heart failure.The\u0000effectiveness of most of diuretics does\u0000not confirm in the clinical trials, and\u0000the indications for their use are often\u0000based only on expert opinion. The effect\u0000of these drugs on morbidity and\u0000mortality in patients with HF was not\u0000examined. Diuretics reduce shortness\u0000of breath and swelling. For this reasons\u0000it is recom-mended to use them\u0000in patients with signs and symptoms\u0000of fluid retention regardless of the left\u0000ventricular ejection fraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36022596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Myocardial infarction in the course of digoxin and\u0000theophylline poisoning].","authors":"Kamil Zaleski,&nbsp;Agnieszka Górska,&nbsp;Malgorzata Kołodziej,&nbsp;Agnieszka Witkowska,&nbsp;Anna Kujawa,&nbsp;Zuzanna Przykaza,&nbsp;Jaroslaw Szponar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper is to present\u0000a case of the patient who was hospitalized\u0000in the Toxicology and Cardiology\u0000Department because of suicidal digoxin\u0000and theophylline intoxication. Both\u0000drugs have complicated mechanism\u0000of action and affect cardiovascular\u0000system differently, but both predispose\u0000to ventricular and supraventricular\u0000arrhythmias. In the presented patient\u0000conduction disorders, cardiac muscle\u0000repolarization disorders and ventricular\u0000arrhythmias typical to digoxin\u0000poisoning were observed. During hospitalization\u0000the patient experienced the\u0000ECG and biochemical abnormalities\u0000resulting from myocardial infarction.\u0000In our paper we have analyzed digoxin\u0000and theophylline mechanisms of action\u0000and possible impact of each of\u0000these drugs on the clinical symptoms\u0000that our patient presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36027650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Methemoglobinemia as a result of acute accidental “poppres” poisoning – a case report].","authors":"Daria Schetz,&nbsp;Wojciech Waldman,&nbsp;Jacek Sein Anand","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently we observe an increase in\u0000the number of intoxications due to xenobiotics\u0000that may induce acute methemoglobinemia.\u0000Our study showed a\u0000case of acute methemoglobinemia\u0000(MetHb 55..2%) in 25 – year old man.\u0000Clinical symptoms were caused by ingestion\u0000of “poppers” which was used\u0000by patient as “aphrodisiac”. Summary:\u0000Conclusions: 1. Oral intake of alkyl nitrites,\u0000including isobutyl nitrite, is burdened\u0000with the risk of life-threatening\u0000methemoglobinemia . 2. In the case of\u0000poisonings running with normal pO2,\u0000reduced level of oxygen saturation,\u0000clinical signs of cyanosis does not react\u0000to oxygen therapy, and “chocolate”\u0000tinge of blood methemoglobinemia\u0000should be suspected. 3. In every case\u0000of MetHb the use of antidote, which is\u0000methylene blue, should be considered.\u00004. The severity of cyanosis correlates\u0000with the level of methemoglobin.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36027706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparison of the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients of the Emergency Department of the Regional Hospital in Kielce based on GFR estimation according abbreviated MDRD formula or CKD-EPI equation].","authors":"Pawel Wróbel,&nbsp;Władysław Sułowicz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Glomerular filtration\u0000rate plays a key role in the diagnosis of\u0000chronic kidney disease (CKD). In everyday\u0000practice GFR is estimated using\u0000equations based on serum creatinine.\u0000Commonly used abbreviated MDRD\u0000formula is not very precise in patients\u0000with mildly impaired renal function,\u0000underestimating eGFR when greater\u0000than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. CKD-EPI formula,\u0000recommended by KDIGO, might\u0000be a good alternative in this situation.\u0000The aim of the study was to compare\u0000the prevalence of consecutive\u0000stages of CKD in the group of patients\u0000from Emergency Department having\u0000calculated eGFR according MDRD and\u0000CKD-EPI formulas</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The retrospective\u0000study was performed in the\u0000group of 1,452 patients (762 women\u0000and 690 men aged 57.4 years ± 19.8\u0000years). Estimated GFR (eGFR) was calculated\u0000based on MDRD and CKD-EPI\u0000formulas and the obtained results were\u0000analyzed according patients location in\u0000the consecutive group of CKD, used\u0000formulas, sex and age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean values of eGFR\u0000for both formulas were similar and for\u0000MDRD was 68.6 ± 22.3 ml/min/ 1.73 m2\u0000while for CKD-EPI 69.18 ± 24.4 ml/\u0000min/1.73 m2. The highest differences\u0000were observed in the early stages of\u0000CKD where the calculation of eGFR\u0000based on CKD-EPI vs MDRD formula\u0000gives an increase of population in\u0000stage G1 of CKD by 5.7% (342 vs 241\u0000persons) and reduction by 7.8% (625\u0000vs 737) in the stage G2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both formulas have\u0000the similar value in the estimation\u0000of CKD. The differences concerning\u0000mainly G1 and G2 stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36027809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of smoking on the incidence of adverse outcomes and ischemic wounds in peripheral artery disease].","authors":"Ewa Strauss,&nbsp;Marta Stelcer,&nbsp;Pawel Zawadzki,&nbsp;Jolanta Tomczak,&nbsp;Grzegorz Oszkinis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking is a major\u0000risk factor for peripheral artery disease\u0000(PAD), which correlates with\u0000progression of the disease, the prevalence\u0000of chronic wounds, amputation\u0000incidence and mortality. On the\u0000other hand, abstinence from smoking\u0000has a beneficial effect on the bypass\u0000grafts patency after surgical revascularization.\u0000Poland fits in the steady\u0000decline in the percentage of smokers,\u0000but there is a lack of current data,\u0000whether those changes are observed\u0000also in patients with PAD and whether\u0000they lead to the improvement of\u0000health condition.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated\u0000the impact of smoking and other\u0000known risk factors for cardiovascular\u0000disease on the occurrence of PAD,\u0000the risk of adverse outcomes (death,\u0000amputation, tissue necrosis), development\u0000of chronic wounds and their\u0000healing after arterial revascularization.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted in groups of 208 patients\u0000with PAD scheduled for surgical\u0000treatment (28.4% of patients with\u0000adverse outcomes of PAD, 38.5%\u0000of patients with ischemic wounds)\u0000and 190 control subjects. The study\u0000groups were interviewed concerning\u0000smoking, characterized by known\u0000risk factors for cardiovascular disease,\u0000and in the incidence of amputation,\u0000and deaths within 30 days after\u0000surgery. In the group of 48 patients\u0000with ischemic wounds a prospective\u0000assessment of the progress of\u0000wound healing in terms of changes in\u0000the wound advancement and changes\u0000in pain severity associated with\u0000wounds was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 90% of patients with\u0000PAD were smokers: 53.8% former and\u000036.5% past in relation to 27.4% and\u000014.7%, respectively, in the control\u0000group (p <0.0001). Among patients,\u0000a higher proportion of former smokers\u0000was found in those with poorer\u0000health condition: with adverse outcomes of PAD (48.0%\u0000vs 64.1%, p <0.05), and with ischemic wounds (70.7% vs\u000065.1%, p = 0.056). Advanced age, female sex, and the presence\u0000of diabetes were associated with both, the presence\u0000of PAD adverse outcomes, as well as the development of\u0000ischemic wounds. In the prospective study, major factors\u0000prolonging the process of wound healing were advanced\u0000age, diabetes and smoking (evaluated as peaks years of\u0000smoking).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking is still the most common risk\u0000factor for PAD, and smoking cessation is the result of the\u0000deterioration of health condition. Simultaneously this factor,\u0000in addition to diabetes, advanced age and female sex,\u0000affects both the risk of unfavorable course of PAD and decrease\u0000the progress of wound healing. Control of risk factors\u0000for cardiovascular disease should be especially careful\u0000in women in whom, despite the lower PAD incidence,\u0000further prognosis of disease progression seem worse.</p>","PeriodicalId":21148,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad lekarski","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36037237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}