Restorative neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Paretic Hand Beta Band Intermuscular Coherence Increases Following non-Paretic Hand Exercise to Task-Failure in Chronic Stroke.","authors":"Qian Ding, Theresa E McGuirk, Elliott S Perry, Carolynn Patten","doi":"10.1177/09226028261425436","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028261425436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intermuscular coherence (IMC), especially in the beta band, has been widely used as a non-invasive approach to estimate the strength of corticospinal connectivity. The corticospinal tract is frequently damaged as a result of stroke, which may impair the strength of corticospinal connectivity, particularly that contributing to manual dexterity. Here we investigated acute adaptations in IMC and manual dexterity in fifteen chronic stroke survivors and seven age-matched healthy controls who performed exercise to task-failure with their non-paretic hand (or dominant hand for healthy controls). Dexterity (measured by Box-and-Blocks Test, BBT) and IMC were tested at baseline, following exercise to task-failure, and every 45 min until 4 h after task-failure (7 times in total). At baseline, paretic hand beta and gamma band IMC were significantly reduced in stroke survivors (<i>P</i>'s = 0.006). Additionally, at baseline paretic hand (or non-dominant hand for healthy controls) BBT performance and gamma band IMC revealed significant positive correlations in both stroke survivors (R² = 0.40, <i>P</i> = 0.010) and the whole sample (R² = 0.33, <i>P</i> = 0.005). Paretic hand BBT performance increased immediately and at 225 min after task-failure compared with baseline (<i>P</i>'s = 0.017 and 0.014, respectively). Paretic hand beta band IMC increased immediately and remained significantly elevated at 45 min after task-failure (<i>P</i> = 0.045 and 0.005, respectively) while paretic hand gamma band IMC was increased at 135 min after task-failure (<i>P</i> = 0.051)<b>.</b> Taken together<b>,</b> our results suggest increased strength of corticospinal connectivity to the paretic hand as an acute adaptation to non-paretic hand exercise to task-failure. Concurrent facilitation of paretic hand manual dexterity and strengthened ipsilesional corticospinal connectivity suggests this approach should be explored as a strategy to promote recovery of corticospinal connectivity and paretic hand motor function in neurorehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"156-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homosynaptic Depression of the Soleus Predicts Post-Stroke Gait Speed.","authors":"J Sebastián Correa, Ricardo Siu, Dana Lorenz, Kristine Hansen, David A Cunningham, James S Sulzer","doi":"10.1177/09226028251413958","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028251413958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Homosynaptic depression (HD) refers to the reduction in the magnitude of the monosynaptic spinal reflex resulting from prior activation of the circuit, often evoked with the H-reflex. Previous literature has reported HD of the soleus H-reflex is reduced post-stroke. However, it remains unclear if HD plays a role in functional impairments. The goal of this study was to characterize HD of the soleus H-reflex in individuals with post-stroke gait impairments and examine the relationship with functional measures of gait. Our results revealed that individuals after stroke experienced reduced depression at longer (8s) interstimulus intervals compared to age-matched neurologically intact individuals. However, we did not observe a difference in the change in HD across interstimulus intervals between groups, contrary to previous reports. This finding could not be explained by age of participants. In addition, we found a strong correlation between faster gait speed and reduced change in depression in individuals after stroke. While the underlying mechanisms linking HD with gait are unclear, this finding represents the first piece of evidence of the potential role of HD in function. Further research is needed to understand the parameters that guide HD and clarify how useful the mechanism is for improving the assessment and treatment of post-stroke impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"131-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13237658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146012145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinician's Guide to Computer Vision in the Motion Capture Galaxy.","authors":"Theresa E McGuirk, Carolynn Patten","doi":"10.1177/09226028261425437","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028261425437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In keeping with the topic of this special issue, \"Breakthroughs in Stroke Rehabilitation: Bridging Engineering, Neuroscience, and Motor Control,\" this commentary addresses the recent emergence of computer vision motion capture (CVMC, aka markerless motion capture) with a realistic check-in on its current measurement performance and future utility as a clinical assessment tool. These are heady times. It would be understandable to misinterpret early demonstrations of CVMC in clinical research as a suggestion that this innovative tool is ready for clinical deployment. In reality, benchmarks for CVMC measurements are still being established, and cultivation of targeted clinical practice approaches informed by motion analysis remains aspirational. In this commentary, we reframe the CVMC conversation by first acknowledging the current state of CVMC as a technology still in development. We then consider the path to a long-term goal: targeted stroke rehabilitation in clinical practice informed by the quantification of movement function. In lighthearted spirit, we channel Douglas Adams' book series, \"The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy\" (HG2G; Adams, 1979-1992), providing clinician hitchhikers some recommendations to deftly navigate the CVMC landscape on their intergalactic motion capture travels between lab and clinic. And so, just as Ford Prefect, the friendly alien researcher in the HG2G book series would say to reassure new hitchhikers:\"You just come along with me and have a good time. The Motion Capture Galaxy's a fun place. You'll need to have a fish in your ear.\"- Ford Prefect (adapted from Adams; Book 1, Chapter 5).</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"68-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten Recommendations for Improving Research on Stroke Motor Rehabilitation: A Unified Perspective.","authors":"Chandramouli Krishnan, Thomas E Augenstein, Rajiv Ranganathan","doi":"10.1177/09226028251392269","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028251392269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke motor rehabilitation research is critical for improving functional recovery and quality of life. However, the success of therapeutic interventions is highly dependent on the theoretical basis and methodological rigor of the studies that evaluate them. This paper outlines ten essential recommendations/guidelines for stroke motor rehabilitation research aimed at enhancing the scientific quality and reliability of findings. Our recommendations span issues related to mechanistic understanding, methodological rigor, and transparency, while providing specific suggestions for implementation in the context of stroke motor rehabilitation research. To improve our mechanistic understanding of <i>how</i> and <i>why</i> an intervention works, these guidelines emphasize the importance of having a clear <i>scientific rationale</i> for the active ingredient in the proposed therapy (<i>e.g.,</i> physical or occupational therapy), ensuring <i>manipulation checks</i> for key therapeutic components, and <i>assessing outcomes at multiple levels</i> using the ICF framework. To improve methodological rigor, the paper also highlights the necessity of <i>adequately dose-matched control groups</i>, minimizing baseline imbalances and biased treatment effects through <i>randomization and blinding</i>, and <i>employing larger sample sizes</i> to minimize the risk of false-positive trials. Finally, to enhance transparency and reproducibility, we advocate for <i>pre-registering</i> outcomes and protocols, performing <i>robustness checks</i>, <i>presenting data in multiple formats</i>, and the publication of <i>open data</i>. We anticipate that following these recommendations will pave the way for more reliable, impactful results that advance the development of effective therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"55-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Kinematic Assessments from a Planar Reaching Task Better Than Standardized Clinical Assessments at Predicting Functional Independence in Chronic Stroke Survivors?","authors":"Beth Albrecht, Zaynab Kassam, Pramisha Thapa, Shanie Al Jayasinghe","doi":"10.1177/09226028251391999","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028251391999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kinematic assessments provide a quantitative evaluation of movement outcomes in chronic stroke survivors. However, it is unclear whether these assessments provide an added benefit to standardized clinical assessments when evaluating functional independence. We hypothesized that kinematic assessments of ipsilesional arm motor and cognitive performance would be better at predicting functional independence compared to their standardized clinical assessment counterparts. We recruited 21 chronic stroke survivors with severe hemiparesis to complete 2 clinical assessments (Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, Grooved Pegboard Test) and 2 kinematic assessments on the Kinereach motion tracking system (a simple reaching task and a cognitively challenging reaching task). We found moderate-to-weak correlations between the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and each of the kinematic outcomes. The clinical assessments had weak correlations with the FIM. Thus, kinematic assessments provided no significant advantage over clinical assessments in predicting functional independence.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"186-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145438897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Stroke Recovery Through Operant Conditioning of Corticomuscular Coherence.","authors":"Jasper I Mark, David Cunningham, Jessica M Cassidy","doi":"10.1177/09226028251379344","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028251379344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As stroke results in deficits spanning multiple functional domains, interventions that promote neuroplasticity-like mechanisms across brain and body systems may optimize recovery. In this perspective, we propose a rehabilitation strategy combining operant conditioning with corticomuscular coherence (CMC), a neurophysiological marker of communication between brain and muscle. CMC reflects the synchrony of descending cortical drive with spinal motor output, serving as a real-time index of volitional control. We assert that reinforcing CMC through operant conditioning can strengthen movement-related neural circuits while simultaneously engaging cognitive systems responsible for motor planning, attention, and error correction. Drawing from motor learning, systems neuroscience, and neuroengineering evidence, we outline the conceptual rationale along with the translational potential and implementation challenges of this CMC-based operant conditioning approach. We posit that this framework offers a biologically plausible strategy to strengthen residual motor capacity and restore functional integration across disrupted circuits connecting brain and body systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"98-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost Devices for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review of Approaches, Designs, and Evidence.","authors":"Thomas E Augenstein, Chandramouli Krishnan","doi":"10.1177/09226028261423567","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028261423567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rehabilitation devices are technologies that can automate repetitive features of therapy using force generation elements like motors to render training forces or gamified environments to improve user engagement (<i>e.g.,</i> rehabilitation robots). These devices have received considerable attention from researchers and clinicians over the past several decades as a means to increase dosage of intensive rehabilitation following a stroke. However, the commercial results of these efforts often manifest as highly motorized, expensive, and bulky devices that are unsuitable for the majority of clinical or home environments. Indeed, as access to rehabilitation resources begins to reveal itself as a critical obstacle to recovery for many stroke survivors, it is important for researchers to examine alternative approaches to facilitate device adoption. A handful of researchers have attempted to bridge this gap with increasing success by designing affordable and portable devices for post-stroke rehabilitation. However, the methods employed to lower device cost are quite varied; therefore, a synthesis of these approaches could benefit other researchers. In this review, we discussed the field of rehabilitation robots and provided a review of 37 existing low-cost devices for stroke rehabilitation. These devices engage patients using a variety of actuation methods to produce training forces: Active (controllable actuator that adds or dissipates energy <i>e.g.,</i> motors, stimulators), Passive (uncontrollable actuator that only dissipates energy <i>e.g.,</i> springs, cables), Semi-Passive (controllable actuator that only dissipates energy <i>e.g.,</i> brakes) and Augmented Feedback (no actuator). Following this review, we outline certain unexplored areas of low-cost devices that may be fruitful areas of future exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"198-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147435234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Stroke and Aging on Plantarflexor Strength and Voluntary Activation.","authors":"Danny Shin, Kazandra M Rodriguez, Edward S Claflin, Chandramouli Krishnan","doi":"10.1177/09226028261425424","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028261425424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plantarflexor strength and voluntary activation are key metrics for characterizing lower extremity function in stroke survivors. However, the extent to which stroke and/or aging affects these neuromuscular properties remains unclear. This study addressed this gap by testing plantarflexor strength and voluntary activation in fifty-two (stroke: 19, older: 15, young: 18) participants. Testing was done bilaterally in stroke survivors and on the dominant leg of the control participants using the central activation ratio (CAR) and interpolated twitch technique (ITT) with triplets. Stroke survivors demonstrated significantly reduced raw and mass-normalized plantarflexor strength on both legs compared with controls, and on their more affected leg compared with the less affected leg (all <i>p's</i> ≤ 0.02). Regardless of technique, voluntary activation was significantly lower only in the more affected leg compared with the less affected leg and control leg (all <i>p's</i> ≤ 0.02). Older adults also demonstrated lower plantarflexor strength (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01), but not voluntary activation, compared with young adults. These findings indicate that both stroke and aging affect plantarflexor strength; however, voluntary activation is only affected by stroke. Additionally, quantification technique influenced voluntary activation estimates, with CAR consistently demonstrating higher activation relative to ITT. Collectively, these findings highlight the need for targeting plantarflexor strength and voluntary activation during post-stroke rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"144-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publication Notice.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/09226028261446780","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028261446780","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147932971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue: Breakthroughs in Stroke Rehabilitation: Bridging Engineering, Neuroscience, and Motor Control.","authors":"Chandramouli Krishnan, James Sulzer, Carolynn Patten, Rajiv Ranganathan","doi":"10.1177/09226028261447080","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028261447080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke remains one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide, often resulting in persistent motor impairments that limit independence and quality of life. This special issue highlights recent advances in stroke assessment and rehabilitation driven by the convergence of engineering, neuroscience, and motor control. The contributions are organized around four themes: (1) the importance of rigorous theoretical and methodological foundations to improve reproducibility and clinical translation; (2) the role of neuroplasticity, neuromodulation, and cognition in enhancing recovery; (3) emerging insights into neurophysiological and motor control mechanisms across cortical and spinal levels; and (4) innovations in assessment tools and rehabilitation technologies, including accessible, low-cost, and real-world solutions. Collectively, these studies demonstrate how interdisciplinary approaches are advancing both the science and practice of stroke rehabilitation, with an emphasis on clinically feasible strategies that can improve functional recovery and outcomes for individuals living with stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148144485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}