Restorative neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of hippocampus in rats with acute brain ischemia-reperfusion injury treated with leuprolide acetate, an agonist of GnRH.","authors":"Rosario Montoya-García, Valeria Fernández-Vargas, Karla Nalini Albor-Martínez, Alicia Martínez-Martínez, Irma Hernández-Jasso, Andrés Quintanar-Stephano, Denisse Calderón-Vallejo, J Luis Quintanar","doi":"10.3233/RNN-221286","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-221286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hippocampus is highly vulnerable to damage in the brain ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Leuprolide acetate has been shown to promote neurological recovery after injury in various regions of the central nervous system.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the histology of the hippocampus and the expression of neuronal recovery markers, specifically the 200 kDa neurofilaments and the myelin basic protein, in rats with brain ischemia-reperfusion injury treated with leuprolide acetate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The rats were divided into three groups: Sham, ischemia-reperfusion with saline solution, and ischemia-reperfusion treated with leuprolide acetate. Coronal brain slices were obtained and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The histological analysis involved quantifying the number of neurons in the hippocampal regions CA1, CA3 and DG. The myelin basic protein and neurofilaments were quantified using western blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of neurons in CA1 and DG was significantly higher in the leuprolide acetate group compared to the untreated group. Additionally, the expression of neurofilament and myelin basic protein markers was significantly increased in rats treated with leuprolide acetate compared to the untreated rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Leuprolide acetate promotes the recovery of hippocampal neurons in an acute brain ischemia-reperfusion injury model. These findings suggest that leuprolide acetate could be a potential therapeutic intervention for reversing damage in hippocampal ischemic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10036978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMG Testing throughout behavioral recovery after rat sciatic nerve crush injury results in exuberant motoneuron dendritic hypertrophy.","authors":"Rena M Meadows, Sarah M E V Richards, Michelle R Kitsis, Todd J Brown, Kathy J Jones, Dale R Sengelaub","doi":"10.3233/RNN-231379","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-231379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is the most common type of nerve trauma yet, while injured motoneurons exhibit a robust capacity for regeneration, behavioral recovery is protracted and typically poor. Neurotherapeutic approaches to PNI and repair have primarily focused on the enhancement of axonal regeneration, in terms of rate, axonal sprouting, and reconnection connectivity. Both electrical stimulation (ES) and treatment with androgens [e.g., testosterone propionate (TP)] have been demonstrated to enhance axonal sprouting, regeneration rate and functional recovery following PNI. To date, very little work has been done to examine the effects of ES and/or TP on dendritic morphology and organization within the spinal cord after PNI.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the current study was to examine the impact of treatment with TP and ES, alone or in combination, on the dendritic arbor of spinal motoneurons after target disconnection via sciatic nerve crush injury in the rat.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats received a crush injury to the sciatic nerve. Following injury, some animals received either (1) no further treatment beyond implantation with empty Silastic capsules, (2) electrical nerve stimulation immediately after injury, (3) implantation with Silastic capsules filled with TP, or (4) electrical nerve stimulation immediately after injury as well as implantation with TP. All of these groups of axotomized animals also received bi-weekly electromyography (EMG) testing. Additional groups of intact untreated animals as well as a group of injured animals who received no further treatment or EMG testing were also included. Eight weeks after injury, motoneurons innervating the anterior tibialis muscle were labeled with cholera toxin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase, and dendritic arbors were reconstructed in three dimensions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After nerve crush and ES and/or TP treatment, motoneurons innervating the anterior tibialis underwent marked dendritic hypertrophy. Surprisingly, this dendritic hypertrophy occurred in all animals receiving repeated bi-weekly EMG testing, regardless of treatment. When the EMG testing was eliminated, the dendritic arbor extent and distribution after nerve crush in the treated groups did not significantly differ from intact untreated animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ability of repeated EMG testing to so dramatically affect central plasticity following a peripheral nerve injury was unexpected. It was also unexpected that gonadal steroid hormones and/or ES, two neurotherapeutic approaches with demonstrated molecular/behavioral changes consistent with peripheral improvements in axonal repair and target reconnection, do not appear to impact central plasticity in a similar manner. The significance of peripheral EMG testing and resulting central plasticity reorganization remains to be determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"41 5-6","pages":"241-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating mind and body: Investigating differential activation of nodes of the default mode network.","authors":"Inbal Linchevski, Amber Maimon, Yulia Golland, Noa Zeharia, Amir Amedi, Nava Levit-Binnun","doi":"10.3233/RNN-231334","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-231334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The default mode network (DMN) is a large-scale brain network tightly correlated with self and self-referential processing, activated by intrinsic tasks and deactivated by externally-directed tasks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aim to investigate the novel approach of default mode activation during progressive muscle relaxation and examine whether differential activation patterns result from the movement of different body parts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed neuroimaging to investigate DMN activity during simple body movements, while performing progressive muscle relaxation. We focused on differentiating the neural response between facial movements and movements of other body parts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results show that the movement of different body parts led to deactivation in several DMN nodes, namely the temporal poles, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and posterior cingulate cortex. However, facial movement induced an inverted and selective positive BOLD pattern in some of these areas precisely. Moreover, areas in the temporal poles selective for face movement showed functional connectivity not only with the hippocampus and mPFC but also with the nucleus accumbens.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that both conceptual and embodied self-related processes, including body movements during progressive muscle relaxation, may be mapped onto shared brain networks. This could enhance our understanding of how practices like PMR influence DMN activity and potentially offer insights to inform therapeutic strategies that rely on mindful body movements.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"115-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10741374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41152665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of rhFGF18 and rhGDF11 treatment in a transient ischemia stroke model.","authors":"Alex Goraltchouk, Svetlana Mankovskaya, Tatjana Kuznetsova, Zhanna Hladkova, Judith M Hollander, Francesco Luppino, Alexey Seregin","doi":"10.3233/RNN-231347","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-231347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmacological treatments for ischemic stroke remain limited to thrombolysis, which is associated with increased risk of potentially fatal hemorrhage. Treatments with Recombinant Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 (rhFGF18) and Growth and Differentiation Factor 11 (rhGDF11) appear promising based on different preclinical models. The goal of this study was to compare the effects of rhFGF18 and rhGDF11 directly on survival, behavioral deficits, and histological fingerprint of cerebral ischemia in the Wistar rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced using a 2-hour transient MCAO. Animals were administered rhFGF18 (infusion), rhGDF11 (multi-injection), or Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) vehicle control and followed for 42 days. Motor-Cognitive deficits were evaluated using the Morris Water Maze at Days 0 (pre-MCAO), 7, 21, and 42. Histopathological assessments were performed on Days 21 and 42.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Day 7 post-ischemia water maze performance times increased 38.3%, 2.1%, and 23.1% for PBS, rhFGF18, and rhGDF11-treated groups, respectively. Fraction of neurons with abnormal morphology (chromatolysis, pyknotic nuclei, somal degeneration) decreased in all groups toward Day 42 and was lowest for rhFGF18. AChE-positive fiber density and activity increased over time in the rhFGF18 group, remained unchanged in the rhGDF11 treatment arm, and declined in the PBS control. Metabolic increases were greatest in rhGDF11 treated animals, with both rhFGF18 and rhGDF11 achieving improvements over PBS, as evidenced by increased succinate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Finally, rhFGF18 treatment exhibited a trend for reduced mortality relative to PBS (5.6%, 95% CI [27.3%, 0.1% ] vs. 22.2%, 95% CI [47.6%, 6.4% ]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>rhFGF18 treatment appears promising in improving survival and promoting motor-cognitive recovery following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"41 5-6","pages":"257-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted neurorehabilitation strategies in post-stroke aphasia.","authors":"Priyanka Shah-Basak, Olga Boukrina, Xin Ran Li, Fatima Jebahi, Aneta Kielar","doi":"10.3233/RNN-231344","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-231344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aphasia is a debilitating language impairment, affecting millions of people worldwide. About 40% of stroke survivors develop chronic aphasia, resulting in life-long disability.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review examines extrinsic and intrinsic neuromodulation techniques, aimed at enhancing the effects of speech and language therapies in stroke survivors with aphasia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We discuss the available evidence supporting the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and functional MRI (fMRI) real-time neurofeedback in aphasia rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review systematically evaluates studies focusing on efficacy and implementation of specialized methods for post-treatment outcome optimization and transfer to functional skills. It considers stimulation target determination and various targeting approaches. The translation of neuromodulation interventions to clinical practice is explored, emphasizing generalization and functional communication. The review also covers real-time fMRI neurofeedback, discussing current evidence for efficacy and essential implementation parameters. Finally, we address future directions for neuromodulation research in aphasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This comprehensive review aims to serve as a resource for a broad audience of researchers and clinicians interested in incorporating neuromodulation for advancing aphasia care.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"129-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10741339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138047878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of using fNIRS to explore motor-related regional haemodynamic signal changes in patients with sensorimotor impairment and healthy controls: A pilot study.","authors":"Lina Bunketorp Käll, Malin Björnsdotter, Johanna Wangdell, Carina Reinholdt, Robert Cooper, Simon Skau","doi":"10.3233/RNN-221292","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-221292","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;While functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can provide insight into cortical brain activity during motor tasks in healthy and diseased populations, the feasibility of using fNIRS to assess haemoglobin-evoked responses to reanimated upper limb motor function in patients with tetraplegia remains unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary objective of this pilot study is to determine the feasibility of using fNIRS to assess cortical signal intensity changes during upper limb motor tasks in individuals with surgically restored grip functions. The secondary objectives are: 1) to collect pilot data on individuals with tetraplegia to determine any trends in the cortical signal intensity changes as measured by fNIRS and 2) to compare cortical signal intensity changes in affected individuals versus age-appropriate healthy volunteers. Specifically, patients presented with tetraplegia, a type of paralysis resulting from a cervical spinal cord injury causing loss of movement and sensation in both lower and upper limbs. All patients have their grip functions restored by surgical tendon transfer, a procedure which constitutes a unique, focused stimulus for brain plasticity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;fNIRS is used to assess changes in cortical signal intensity during the performance of two motor tasks (isometric elbow and thumb flexion). Six individuals with tetraplegia and six healthy controls participate in the study. A block paradigm is utilized to assess contralateral and ipsilateral haemodynamic responses in the premotor cortex (PMC) and primary motor cortex (M1). We assess the amplitude of the optical signal and spatial features during the paradigms. The accuracy of channel locations is maximized through 3D digitizations of channel locations and co-registering these locations to template atlas brains. A general linear model approach, with short-separation regression, is used to extract haemodynamic response functions at the individual and group levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Peak oxyhaemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes in PMC appear to be particularly bilateral in nature in the tetraplegia group during both pinch and elbow trials whereas for controls, a bilateral PMC response is not especially evident. In M1 / primary sensory cortex (S1), the oxy-Hb responses to the pinch task are mainly contralateral in both groups, while for the elbow flexion task, lateralization is not particularly clear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This pilot study shows that the experimental setup is feasible for assessing brain activation using fNIRS during volitional upper limb motor tasks in individuals with surgically restored grip functions. Cortical signal changes in brain regions associated with upper extremity sensorimotor processing appear to be larger and more bilateral in nature in the tetraplegia group than in the control group. The bilateral hemispheric response in the tetraplegia group may reflect a sign","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"91-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10741372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10157480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts from the 17th World Congress on Controversies in Neurology, March 23-25, 2023, in Dubrovnik, Croatia.","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/RNN-239002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-239002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"41 1-2","pages":"1-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10325323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Oxidative Property of Pennisetum Glaucum (Poaceae) Supplement Contributes To Its Anti- Convulsant Activity In Pentylenetetrazole- Kindled Wistar Rats","authors":"HD Muhammad, F. Dawud, J. Yau, J. Abdulazeez","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1041","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oxidative stress is one of the prime pathogenic factors going on in both human epilepsy and experimental epileptogenic models. PTZ-Seizure has been associated with over production of superoxide anion, reduced GSH levels, increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in the hippocampus. Methodology: Forty male wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (normal saline, 200 mg/kg sodium valporate, 25% PMS, 50 % PMS and 100 % PMS) with each group receiving PTZ (35 mg/kg) on every alternate day for 30 days. Thirty minutes after each PTZ injection rats were observed for seizure behavior using the Racine scale. The hippocampal tissues were isolated, homogenized and used to determine SOD, CAT, GSH and MDA level. Result: This result revealed significant increase in the mean hippocampal SOD activity of PTZ-kindled wistar rats fed with PMS [25% (18.90 ± 1.08), 50% (18.90 ± 1.08, 24.90 ± 1.37) and 100 % (11.06 ± 0.58 IU/ mg protein) when compared to normal saline group (8.84 ± 0.96 IU/ mg protein). PM Supplementation increased mean CAT activity at 25% and 50% [25% (12.68 ± 0.68), 50% (8.74 ± 0.92) and 100% (15.66 ± 1.12 µg/ mg protein)] Vs normal saline treated group (9.60 ± 0.72 µg/ mg protein). A significant increase in mean hippocampal GSH concentration was seen in all the PMS fed wistar rats [25 % (29.52 ± 0.44), 50 % (24.42 ± 1.51) and 100 % (40.32 ± 1.43 µg/ mg protein)] when compared to normal saline (10.88 ± 0.32 µg/ mg protein). PTZ-kindled wistar rats fed with PMS [25% (86.62 ± 2.81), 50% (73.86 ± 3.26) and 100% (73.56 ± 1.82 nmol/ mg protein) showed significant decrease in the mean concentration of hippocampal MDA when compared to normal saline (119.90 ± 2.34 nmol/ mg protein). Conclusion: Supplementation with PG inhibits hippocampal redox imbalance and reinforces it antioxidant system.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75445040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accidents in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy: Clinical, Paraclinical And Prognostic Aspects in The Neurology Department of The University Hospital Center of Conakry","authors":"Barry Souleymane Djigué, Doré Malé Wenceslas Sossa, Diawara Karinka, Condé Mohamed Lamine, Mohamed Lamine Touré, Bognon Victor, F. Cissé","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1040","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ischemic stroke (Stroke) constitute, due to the demographic and epidemiological transition, a real challenge for developing countries and HIV infection, a real public health problem in these countries. The objective of our study was to describe aspects of clinical, paraclinical and prognostic ischemic stroke in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretrovirals (ARVs). Material and methods: This was a prospective study of the descriptive type lasting 6 months from January 1, 2022 to June 31, 2022, relating to ischemic cerebrovascular accidents (DALYs) in HIV patients on ARVs.Were included patients admitted or hospitalized in the service for seropositive ischemic stroke under ARV for an average duration of 35.5 months. Patients recently put on ARVs and those with an obvious cause of DALY such as (diabetes, uncontrolled hypertension, emboligenic heart disease) were excluded. Results: During our study period, 336(94%) patients were listed. Among them, 20 have ischemic stroke associated with HIV on ARVs, i.e. 6%. This study showed that the average age of onset of ischemic stroke in PLHIV on ARV was 49 ± 11.6 years with a sex ratio F/M of 1.22. The risk factors were high blood pressure 13 (65%), diabetes 05 (25%), followed by alcohol 04 (20%). HIV type 1 was represented at 100%, then 16 (80%) of our patients were at WHO stage III with a CD4 count between 200 and 300 cells/µl09 (45%). The therapeutic line of ARVs was dominated by TDF+3TC+EFV at 14 (70%) followed by AZT+3TC+LPV/r at 04 (20%) and the average duration of patients on ARV was 35.5 months. The favorable evolution was marked 13 (65%), followed by a death in (10%) or 02. The location on the cerebral scanner was dominated by the sylvian artery in 12 (60%) of cases followed by the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) 06 (30%) and the posterior cerebral artery ( PCA) 02 (10%). Conclusion: Ischemic stroke in HIV patients on ARVs requires early management and regular monitoring","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88762007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular Retinal Event Secondary to Ocular Ischemic Syndrome, Improved With QIAPI 1: Case Report","authors":"Arturo Solís Herrera, P. E. Solís Arias","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1039","url":null,"abstract":"Ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) is a rare condition, which is caused by ocular hypoperfusion due to stenosis or occlusion of the common or internal carotid arteries. Atherosclerosis is the major cause of changes in the carotid arteries. Since OIS is associated with atherosclerosis, patients usually have other related co-morbidities. Hypertension is found in 73% of the patients and diabetes mellitus in 56%. The first case of OIS was reported in 1963 by Hedges as a case with retinal hemorrhages and venous dilatation in a patient with complete occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA). The only therapy is to treat the neovascular complications. Recent studies suggest that OIS is associated with a significant risk of cerebrovascular, ocular, and systemic morbidity. OIS has a poor visual prognosis. It is imperative that the clinician be aware of the signs and symptoms of carotid disease to facilitate prompt diagnosis and appropriate referral, because OIS may be the presenting sign of serious ischemic cerebrovascular and ischemic heart disease. The 5-year mortality rate in OIS patients is as high as 40%. Most deaths are due to cardiac disease Controversy in the management of OIS arises from the fact that most patients reported in the literature are part of small retrospective series or case reports. Besides the uncertainty about the physio-pathogenic of the disease. Pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) is the accepted treatment for retinal ischemia predisposing to neovascularization due to retinal ischemia supposedly triggers the production of angiogenic growth factors. However, the main stimulus to abnormal angiogenesis is hypoxia more than ischemia, and opposite the best antiangiogenic factor is high levels of oxygen in tissues. Thereby, our discovery about the unexpected capacity of several organic molecules of the human body that can take the oxygen from intracellular water, like in plants, open a new way to treat these difficult cases, improving the prognosis.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77031086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}