Reproductive Medicine and Biology最新文献_第2页

The physiological role of macrophages in reproductive organs.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12637

Osamu Yoshino, Yosuke Ono

{"title":"The physiological role of macrophages in reproductive organs.","authors":"Osamu Yoshino, Yosuke Ono","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12637","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12637","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Macrophages are essential immune cells critical to reproductive physiology. They regulate key processes such as follicular development, ovulation, and luteinization in the ovaries. Macrophages are also involved in endometrial remodeling, immune tolerance, and placentation in the uterus.Methods: This review examined the biological characteristics of macrophages and their role in ovarian, uterine, and fallopian tube physiology. It focused on findings from both animal and human studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of macrophage functions.Main findings: In the ovaries, M1 macrophages play a role in folliculogenesis and ovulation through the inflammatory and angiogenic pathways. Macrophages also maintain the corpus luteum and vascular integrity. In the uterus, macrophages regulate tissue repair and remodeling during the menstrual cycle and play a critical role in implantation by maintaining immune tolerance and supporting decidualization. Dysregulation of the M1/M2 balance can cause implantation failure. In the fallopian tubes, macrophages mediate tissue repair and immune responses. Macrophage polarization dynamically adapts to physiological and pathological conditions in all reproductive organs highlighting the functional plasticity of these cells.Conclusion: Macrophage polarization and functions are pivotal in maintaining reproductive health. Hence, understanding the role of macrophages in various reproductive organs provides a foundation for developing new therapies.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uterus transplantation: A clinical breakthrough after systematic preclinical research.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-11 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12636

Mats Brännström, Milan Milenkovic, Elias Tsakos

{"title":"Uterus transplantation: A clinical breakthrough after systematic preclinical research.","authors":"Mats Brännström, Milan Milenkovic, Elias Tsakos","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12636","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12636","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Uterus transplantation is a groundbreaking solution for absolute uterine factor infertility, offering women the potential for full biological motherhood. Since the first human trial in 2012 and the birth of the first baby in 2014, over 140 procedures have been performed globally, resulting in more than 70 live births.Methods: This review synthesizes data from foundational animal research, patient eligibility criteria, and advancements in surgical techniques for uterus transplantation. It examines live and deceased donor grafts, the role of assisted reproductive technologies, and obstetrical outcomes.Main findings: Animal studies have been pivotal in transitioning uterus transplantation into clinical practice. Surgical advancements, including robotic-assisted live donor hysterectomy, have improved precision. Protocols for in vitro fertilization have evolved, optimizing treatment before and after transplantation and reducing the time between transplantation and embryo transfer. Obstetrical outcomes show increased risks, such as hypertensive disorders and preterm births, underscoring the importance of thorough monitoring during pregnancy.Conclusion: Despite its complexities, uterus transplantation represents a transformative advance in reproductive medicine. It provides a viable path to biological motherhood for women with uterine infertility and marks significant progress in both transplantation and fertility treatments, paving the way for further refinement and broader application.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11811759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting non-obstructive azoospermia: Is there a best way to retrieve testicular sperm?

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-06 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12632

Satoru Kanto, Kentaro Ichioka, Yuri Sato, Yoshihiko Uchino, Takayuki Tanaka, Mareyuki Endo

{"title":"Revisiting non-obstructive azoospermia: Is there a best way to retrieve testicular sperm?","authors":"Satoru Kanto, Kentaro Ichioka, Yuri Sato, Yoshihiko Uchino, Takayuki Tanaka, Mareyuki Endo","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12632","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12632","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Microdissection TESE has been considered the \"gold standard\" for retrieving testicular sperm in cases of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) despite limited scientific support. Here we compare all aspects of microdissection TESE with testis fine needle aspiration mapping (FNA Mapping) and directed TESE procedures for men with NOA.Methods: We examine the history of testicular sperm extraction techniques and the rise of advanced technologies with a focus on microdissection TESE and FNA mapping. We summarize the published literature regarding the success rates, complications, and limitations of these two methods.Main findings: As there are no randomized controlled trials, the best data come from the Cochrane Reviews, which include meta-analyses concluding that the simplest and safest methods of sperm retrieval should be chosen. Although microdissection TESE is popular, recent reports have questioned its value due to the significant hypogonadal consequences. Among alternative procedures, FNA Mapping is a viable and less invasive alternative to microdissection TESE in finding testicular sperm in NOA patients.Conclusion: Alternatives to microdissection TESE procedures such as FNA Mapping offer several advantages that include similar sperm retrieval success rates, but also less invasiveness and improved understanding of the pathophysiology of NOA.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11799768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Shortening time to pregnancy in infertile women by personalizing treatment of microbial imbalance through Emma & Alice: A multicenter prospective study".

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12634

Nanako Iwami, Shinnosuke Komiya, Yoshimasa Asada, Kenichi Tatsumi, Toshihiro Habara, Takeshi Kuramoto, Moritoshi Seki, Hiroaki Yoshida, Kazuhiro Takeuchi, Masahide Shiotani, Tetsunori Mukaida, Yasushi Odawara, Yasuyuki Mio, Hirobumi Kamiya

{"title":"\"Shortening time to pregnancy in infertile women by personalizing treatment of microbial imbalance through Emma & Alice: A multicenter prospective study\".","authors":"Nanako Iwami, Shinnosuke Komiya, Yoshimasa Asada, Kenichi Tatsumi, Toshihiro Habara, Takeshi Kuramoto, Moritoshi Seki, Hiroaki Yoshida, Kazuhiro Takeuchi, Masahide Shiotani, Tetsunori Mukaida, Yasushi Odawara, Yasuyuki Mio, Hirobumi Kamiya","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12634","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12634","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the impact of Endometrial Microbiome Metagenomic Analysis and Analysis of Infectious Chronic Endometritis (EMMA & ALICE) on pregnancy outcomes following recommended treatments in women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) or recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).Methods: This prospective, multicenter cohort study included 527 women under 42 years old with RIF or RPL across 14 IVF centers in Japan. Endometrial samples were analyzed using EMMA & ALICE, and patients received antibiotics, probiotics, or no treatment based on test results. Pregnancy outcomes were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate generalized linear models.Results: Amongst participants, 43.4% had a normal Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota, 20.9% had dysbiosis, and 35.7% had mild dysbiosis or ultralow biomass. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly higher ongoing pregnancy rates in the dysbiosis group treated with antibiotics and probiotics compared to other groups (p = 0.031). Post-treatment, ongoing pregnancy rates in the dysbiosis and mild dysbiosis groups were comparable to the normal group.Conclusions: EMMA & ALICE-guided antimicrobial and probiotic treatments improved pregnancy outcomes, enabling the dysbiosis group to achieve pregnancy earlier than the normal group. Addressing uterine dysbiosis may reduce the time to pregnancy in patients with RIF and RPL.Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN), UMIN000036917.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Homozygous FIGLA missense variant in two Japanese sisters with primary ovarian insufficiency: Case reports and literature review.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12635

Wataru Tanikawa, Hirotomo Saitsu, Yasuhiko Nakamura, Yuichiro Shirafuta, Yasuko Fujisawa, Maki Fukami, Norihiro Sugino, Tsutomu Ogata

{"title":"Homozygous FIGLA missense variant in two Japanese sisters with primary ovarian insufficiency: Case reports and literature review.","authors":"Wataru Tanikawa, Hirotomo Saitsu, Yasuhiko Nakamura, Yuichiro Shirafuta, Yasuko Fujisawa, Maki Fukami, Norihiro Sugino, Tsutomu Ogata","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12635","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12635","url":null,"abstract":"Background: FIGLA is a transcription factor gene which plays a critical role in folliculogenesis. Consistent with this, FIGLA variants have been identified in females with non-syndromic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in both autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive forms.Case description: We encountered two Japanese sisters who had secondary or primary amenorrhea at 15 years of age. They were diagnosed as having non-syndromic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) with hypergonadotropic hypoestrogenism and markedly low serum anti-Müllerian hormone values.Outcome: Whole genome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous missense variant, NM_001004311.3:c.338A>G:p.(Tyr113Cys), in FIGLA essential for folliculogenesis in the two sisters. The parents were heterozygous for this variant, and the heterozygous mother had regular menses at 51 years of age. This variant was extremely rare in public databases, and was invariably assessed as deleterious by six prediction tools. Furthermore, the p.(Tyr113Cys)-FIGLA protein was assessed as \"pathogenic\" or \"likely pathogenic\" by protein structural predictions, and was evaluated as \"destabilizing\" or \"decrease stability\" by protein stability predictions.Conclusion: The results, in conjunction with the data reported in the literature, imply that FIGLA variants account for a small but certain fraction of non-syndromic POI, and pose a question as to the relevance of FIGLA variants to an autosomal dominant form of POI, although FIGLA variants have been identified in both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms of non-syndromic POI.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Melatonin improves the in vitro growth of bovine oocytes collected from early antral follicles by maintaining oocyte-cumulus cell communication.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-28 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12629

Md Nuronnabi Islam, Fumio Ebara, Toshihiro Konno, Hideki Tatemoto, Ken-Ichi Yamanaka

{"title":"Melatonin improves the in vitro growth of bovine oocytes collected from early antral follicles by maintaining oocyte-cumulus cell communication.","authors":"Md Nuronnabi Islam, Fumio Ebara, Toshihiro Konno, Hideki Tatemoto, Ken-Ichi Yamanaka","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12629","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12629","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In vitro, oocyte development is susceptible to oxidative stress, which leads to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This study investigated whether the antioxidant melatonin attenuates ER stress and maintains oocyte-cumulus cell communication during the in vitro growth (IVG) of bovine oocytes.Methods: Oocyte-granulosa cell complexes (OGCs) were harvested from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries and grown in vitro for 5 d at 38.5°C in 5% CO2 humidified air. Melatonin (10-7, 10-9, or 10-11 M) was added to the culture medium.Results: Oocyte diameter increased on day 5 from its initial value in all groups. The antrum formation rate was significantly higher in the 10-9 M melatonin-treated group than in the control. The melatonin-treated group showed reduced oxidative stress and increased gap junction communication compared with the control. ER stress-related genes in OGCs were significantly downregulated in the 10-9 M melatonin-treated group compared with those in the control. No significant changes were found in subsequent maturation among groups; however, 10-9 M melatonin treatment during IVG and IVM increased the maturation rate compared with that in the control.Conclusions: Melatonin reduces oxidative stress, which attenuates ER stress in OGCs during IVG of bovine oocytes and may improve IVG efficiency in assisted reproductive technology.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular and cellular regulators of embryo implantation and their application in improving the implantation potential of IVF-derived blastocysts. 胚胎植入的分子和细胞调控因子及其在提高体外受精囊胚植入潜力中的应用。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-24 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12633

Chunyan Liu, Emiko Fukui, Hiromichi Matsumoto

{"title":"Molecular and cellular regulators of embryo implantation and their application in improving the implantation potential of IVF-derived blastocysts.","authors":"Chunyan Liu, Emiko Fukui, Hiromichi Matsumoto","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12633","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12633","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) are widely used in reproductive biology. Despite the transfer of high-quality blastocysts, the implantation rate of IVF-derived blastocysts remains low after ET.Methods: This article provides a comprehensive review of current research on embryo implantation regulators and their application to improve the implantation potential of IVF-derived blastocysts.Main findings: The in vivo mouse model revealed selective proteolysis immediately after expression in activated blastocysts, that is, degradation of ERα expression in activated blastocysts regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, followed by completion of blastocyst implantation. Treatment of blastocysts to induce appropriate protein expression during in vitro culture prior to ET is a useful approach for improving implantation rates. This approach showed that combined treatment with PRL, EGF, and 4-OH-E2 (PEC) improved the blastocyst implantation rates. Furthermore, arginine and leucine drive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated integrin α5β1 expression and promote blastocyst implantation.Conclusion: Findings based on analysis of molecular and cellular regulators are useful for improving the implantation potential of IVF-derived blastocysts. These approaches may help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the completion of the blastocyst implantation, although further investigation is required to improve the success of implantation and pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risks of neonatal anomalies and obstetric complications in 7378 singleton births after frozen-thawed and fresh embryo transfers in Japan: An analysis using doubly robust estimation.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12623

Sanae Terada, Toshihiro Habara, Ryo Terada, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Ryuhei So, Nanako Yoshioka, Yumi Masumoto, Yukiko Kosaka, Rei Hirata, Nobuyoshi Hayashi

{"title":"Risks of neonatal anomalies and obstetric complications in 7378 singleton births after frozen-thawed and fresh embryo transfers in Japan: An analysis using doubly robust estimation.","authors":"Sanae Terada, Toshihiro Habara, Ryo Terada, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Ryuhei So, Nanako Yoshioka, Yumi Masumoto, Yukiko Kosaka, Rei Hirata, Nobuyoshi Hayashi","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12623","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12623","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare risks of neonatal anomalies and obstetric complications among frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), fresh embryo transfer (FreshET), and non-assisted reproductive technology (non-ART) treatments in infertile women.Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 7378 singleton births (2643 non-ART, 4219 FET, 516 FreshET) from 2013 to 2022. Outcomes were compared using inverse probability weighting regression adjustment, with adjustment for maternal factors.Results: After adjustment, the risk of neonatal anomalies did not differ significantly between FET and non-ART, or FreshET and non-ART. FET was associated with increased risks of obstetric complications compared with non-ART, including placenta accreta (adjusted risk difference [ARD] 3.61%, 95% CI 2.95-4.28), placenta previa (ARD 0.55%, 95% CI 0.14-0.96), postpartum hemorrhage (ARD 7.08%, 95% CI 6.03-8.13), gestational hypertension (ARD 3.57%, 95% CI 2.47-4.68), gestational diabetes (ARD 0.96%, 95% CI 0.17-1.75), and preterm birth (ARD 2.13%, 95% CI 1.23-3.02). FET also showed higher risk of high birth weight (ARD 0.97%, 95% CI 0.42-1.52). FreshET showed no significant differences in obstetric complications.Conclusions: While the risk of neonatal anomalies did not differ among treatments, FET was associated with increased obstetric complication risks. These findings underscore the need for careful management of FET pregnancies and further research to improve treatment protocols.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polycystic ovary syndrome: Criteria, phenotypes, race and ethnicity.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-22 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12630

Tsuyoshi Baba

{"title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: Criteria, phenotypes, race and ethnicity.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Baba","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12630","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12630","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy, which leads to ovulation dysfunction and infertility, as well as metabolic and mental disorders. Women with PCOS exhibit several characteristic symptoms, with marked heterogeneity across different races and ethnicities.Methods: In this review, the author outlines the phenotypic disparities of PCOS among various racial and ethnic populations. First, the prevalence of major symptoms in different racial and ethnic groups with PCOS is summarized. Next, the effects of four phenotypes, derived from the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS, on metabolic and reproductive features are recapitulated.Main findings: A growing body of evidence suggests that East Asian populations exhibit less hirsutism and adiposity compared with other groups. However, hirsutism is more prevalent in South Asian, Middle Eastern, and Hispanic populations. Hispanic and African American populations have more frequent obesity and insulin resistance. With regard to the association between mental disorders and racial and ethnic differences, limited studies exist; therefore, no conclusions can be drawn.Conclusion: Race and ethnicity-specific factors related to PCOS must be considered in clinical practice. The diagnostic criteria of PCOS should be specific to race and ethnicity to avoid missing treatment opportunities.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possible mechanisms of spermatogenic dysfunction induced by viral infections: Insights from COVID-19.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-22 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12625

Keisuke Okada, Chanhyon Kin, Yosuke Yamashita, Shun Kawamura, Katsuya Sato, Koji Chiba, Hideaki Miyake

{"title":"Possible mechanisms of spermatogenic dysfunction induced by viral infections: Insights from COVID-19.","authors":"Keisuke Okada, Chanhyon Kin, Yosuke Yamashita, Shun Kawamura, Katsuya Sato, Koji Chiba, Hideaki Miyake","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12625","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12625","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic nears resolution in 2024, the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections induce spermatogenic dysfunction remain poorly understood. This review examines the mechanisms by which viral infections, particularly COVID-19, disrupt spermatogenesis and highlights the implications for male reproductive health. While reports suggest that spermatogenic dysfunction caused by COVID-19 is mild and transient, these findings may have broader applications in understanding and treating spermatogenic dysfunction caused by future viral infections.Methods: The PubMed database was searched to identify original and review articles investigating the mechanisms by which viral infections, particularly SARS-CoV-2, contribute to spermatogenic dysfunction.Main findings: SARS-CoV-2 affects the testis through multiple mechanisms, including ACE2 receptor-mediated entry, direct viral damage, inflammatory response, blood-testis barrier disruption, hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress, and impaired spermatogenesis. The combination of these factors can disrupt testicular function and highlights the complexity of the effects of COVID-19 on male reproductive health.Conclusion: COVID-19 may disrupt spermatogenesis through direct testicular infection, systemic inflammation, hormonal disruption, and oxidative stress. Ongoing research, vaccination efforts, and clinical vigilance are essential to address these challenges and develop effective treatment and prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0