Reproductive Medicine and Biology最新文献

Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case-control study in infertile patients.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-27 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12644

Yanping Liu, Guihong Cheng, Hong Li, Qingxia Meng

{"title":"Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case-control study in infertile patients.","authors":"Yanping Liu, Guihong Cheng, Hong Li, Qingxia Meng","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12644","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12644","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Endometriosis is a prevalent gynecological disorder, yet data on the role of trace metal elements in its risk remain limited. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) levels, and the Cu/Zn ratio with the risk of endometriosis.Methods: This study involved 568 infertile patients diagnosed with endometriosis, compared to 819 infertile patients without endometriosis (Control group). Basic characteristics, hormonal parameters, and essential trace elements of the patients were measured and analyzed.Results: The findings indicated a notable decrease in serum Zn levels in the endometriosis group compared to controls, alongside a significant increase in the Cu/Zn ratio (p < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed a linear relationship between Zn levels and the Cu/Zn ratio and endometriosis risk. Moreover, Zn levels exhibited a negative correlation with endometriosis risk (p trend = 0.005), while the Cu/Zn ratio displayed a positive correlation with endometriosis risk, even after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and baseline hormones (p trend < 0.001). Compared to the first quartile of Cu/Zn ratio after adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the second and fourth quartiles were 1.97 (1.37, 2.83) and 2.63 (1.80, 3.84), respectively.Conclusions: This study provided evidence of decreased serum Zn levels and an increased Cu/Zn ratio being associated with an elevated risk of endometriosis among infertile patients. These findings offer valuable real-world data, enriching our understanding of endometriosis.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of heparin-aspirin therapy in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss characterized by thrombophilia resistant to low-dose aspirin therapy: A retrospective study.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12643

Tomoko Ichikawa, Takami Watanabe, Yumene Kubota, Shigeru Matsuda, Daisuke Shigemi, Sayuri Kasano, Ryoko Yokote, Mirei Yonezawa, Nozomi Ouchi, Yasuyuki Negishi, Yoshimitsu Kuwabara, Toshiyuki Takeshita, Shunji Suzuki

{"title":"Impact of heparin-aspirin therapy in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss characterized by thrombophilia resistant to low-dose aspirin therapy: A retrospective study.","authors":"Tomoko Ichikawa, Takami Watanabe, Yumene Kubota, Shigeru Matsuda, Daisuke Shigemi, Sayuri Kasano, Ryoko Yokote, Mirei Yonezawa, Nozomi Ouchi, Yasuyuki Negishi, Yoshimitsu Kuwabara, Toshiyuki Takeshita, Shunji Suzuki","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12643","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12643","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Heparin and aspirin (HA) therapy is used for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)-associated recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Low-dose aspirin (LDA) is recommended for thrombophilic predispositions, such as antiphospholipid antibodies that do not completely meet the Sydney classification criteria for APS, protein S deficiency, factor XII deficiency and increased platelet aggregation. However, no established strategy exists for cases where LDA is ineffective. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the characteristics of RPL cases unresponsive to LDA and to determine whether HA is more effective than LDA in such cases.Methods: A total of 913 LDA-treated pregnancies were categorized into live births and miscarriages, and their characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The live birth rates following one, two, or three or more LDA therapies were 78.5%, 61.5% and 16.7%, respectively. Live birth rates were significantly lower when lupus anticoagulant (LAC) aPTT was positive but did not qualify as obstetric APS following LDA therapy (birth rates: 33.3%, p = 0.048). Three or more LDA therapies decreased the live birth rate, whereas HA therapy significantly increased the live birth rate (p = 0.0019).Conclusions: HA therapy is recommended over repeated LDA treatment, particularly when LAC aPTT is positive but does not qualify as obstetric APS.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined targeting of TCF7L1/2, PTEN, CDK6, and BCCIP by microRNA miR-29c-3p is associated with reduced invasion and proliferation of endometriotic cells.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12645

Teresa Helene Wentges, Heba M El-Shorafa, Janine Beckmann, Michael Gabriel, Matti Poutanen, Burkhard Greve, Ludwig Kiesel, Sebastian D Schäfer, Martin Götte

{"title":"Combined targeting of TCF7L1/2, PTEN, CDK6, and BCCIP by microRNA miR-29c-3p is associated with reduced invasion and proliferation of endometriotic cells.","authors":"Teresa Helene Wentges, Heba M El-Shorafa, Janine Beckmann, Michael Gabriel, Matti Poutanen, Burkhard Greve, Ludwig Kiesel, Sebastian D Schäfer, Martin Götte","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12645","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12645","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder associated with pain symptoms and infertility. The expression of microRNA miR-29c-3p is dysregulated in endometriosis. We aimed to identify novel molecular targets of miR-29c-3p functionally linked to proliferation and invasive growth in endometriosis.Methods: The epithelial endometriotic cell line 12Z and primary endometriotic stromal cells (PESC) were transfected with control miRNA or pre-miR-29c-3p, and subjected to cell cycle analysis, cell viability, wound healing, and Matrigel invasion assays. Expression of bioinformatically predicted miR-29c-3p targets was analyzed by qPCR and western blot. Target gene expression in endometriotic lesions and healthy endometrium was studied in the EndometDB endometriosis database.Results: miR-29c-3p decreased 12Z and PESC cell viability and the proportion of PESC in the S-phase. 12Z cell invasion, but not migration, was decreased after miR-29c-3p upregulation. miR-29c-3p decreased the mRNA expression of CDK6, BCCIP, TCF7L1, TCF7L2, PTEN, COL4A1, E-Cadherin, and N-Cadherin. A decrease of CDK6 and PTEN and an increase of p21 were confirmed at the protein level. EndometDB database analysis demonstrated dysregulated expression of the selected targets in both deep endometriosis and ovarian endometriosis.Conclusions: miR-29c-3p effectively curbs endometriotic cell proliferation and invasion by combined inhibition of cell cycle regulators and transcription factors, unveiling a promising therapeutic strategy.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of ionizing radiation on testicular interstitial stromal cells.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-19 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12639

Esraa Tamam, Chen Yan, Reiko Sekiya, Tao-Sheng Li

{"title":"The effect of ionizing radiation on testicular interstitial stromal cells.","authors":"Esraa Tamam, Chen Yan, Reiko Sekiya, Tao-Sheng Li","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12639","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12639","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Testis is one of the most radiosensitive tissues. Interstitial stromal cells play a supportive role in male fertility, but radiation-induced damage to those cells has not yet been well understood. We aimed to investigate radiation-induced changes in interstitial stromal cells in the testis.Methods: Adult male C57BL/6N mice (8 weeks) received a single pelvic exposure to a relatively high dose (1 Gy) or a very high dose (8 Gy) X-ray. We collected the testicular tissues for evaluation at 1, 9, and 60 days after irradiation.Results: We detected a recoverable moderate degeneration of seminiferous tubules after 1 Gy exposure but an irreversible severe damage to the testis after 8 Gy exposure. Immunostaining results revealed that 1 Gy exposure induced DNA damage at day 1, upregulated intratubular GDNF at days 1 and 9, upregulated FGF at all time points, and upregulated CSF-1R at day 9. In contrast, 8 Gy exposure induced DNA damage at days 1 and 9, upregulated intratubular GDNF at days 1 and 9, downregulated CD105 at day 60, and upregulated FGF at all time points.Conclusion: Radiation-induced dynamic changes to interstitial stromal cells in the testis. Upregulated interstitial CSF-1R and FGF2 may support spermatogenesis recovery after high-dose radiation.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to "Age, sexual abstinence duration, sperm morphology, and motility are predictors of sperm DNA fragmentation".

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12642

引用次数: 0

Influence of lifestyle and the circadian clock on reproduction.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12641

Masanori Ono, Yidan Dai, Tomoko Fujiwara, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Takiko Daikoku, Hitoshi Ando, Naoaki Kuji, Hirotaka Nishi

{"title":"Influence of lifestyle and the circadian clock on reproduction.","authors":"Masanori Ono, Yidan Dai, Tomoko Fujiwara, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Takiko Daikoku, Hitoshi Ando, Naoaki Kuji, Hirotaka Nishi","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12641","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12641","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The biological reproductive process requires the precise coordination of annual and daily signals to adapt to environmental shifts. Humans and animals have developed shared neuroendocrine systems that have adapted to process daily and seasonal light signals within the hypothalamic-pituitary -gonadal axis. However, the stability of circadian and seasonal biological processes is at risk due to industrialization and contemporary round-the-clock lifestyles. These threats include skipping breakfast, excessive artificial illumination during inappropriate hours because of irregular work schedules, nighttime urban lighting, and widespread environmental pollution from endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This review aimed to explore the interplay between lifestyle factors, circadian rhythms, and reproductive functions.Methods: This review examined the reciprocal influences of circadian clocks on reproductive hormones, exploring the underlying mechanisms and their implications for fertility and reproductive health. We emphasized key findings regarding molecular clock components, endocrine pathways, and the critical importance of synchronizing circadian rhythms with hormonal cycles.Main findings: The intersection of reproductive endocrinology and circadian biology reveals complex interactions between hormonal regulation and circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythm misalignments due to environmental factors, including late-night work and skipping breakfast, negatively impact endocrine and reproductive functions.Conclusions: More strategies are needed to mitigate the effects of circadian disruption on reproductive functions.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human oocyte capacitation culture: Essential step toward hormone-free assisted reproductive technology.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12640

Johan Smitz, Flor Sánchez, Sergio Romero, Heidi Van Ranst, Ellen Anckaert, Robert B Gilchrist, Tuong M Ho, Lan N Vuong, Yoshiharu Morimoto

{"title":"Human oocyte capacitation culture: Essential step toward hormone-free assisted reproductive technology.","authors":"Johan Smitz, Flor Sánchez, Sergio Romero, Heidi Van Ranst, Ellen Anckaert, Robert B Gilchrist, Tuong M Ho, Lan N Vuong, Yoshiharu Morimoto","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12640","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12640","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) is not a novel concept; however, its wide-scale practice has been limited because of the lower clinical outcomes compared to conventional assisted reproductive technologies.Methods: This comprehensive review addresses the significant advances made in oocyte in vitro maturation with the biphasic capacitation (CAPA)-IVM strategy applied to small ovarian antral follicles in humans over the last 10 years. CAPA-IVM consists of a prematuration phase wherein immature oocytes are temporarily meiotically arrested to gain competence before undergoing meiotic resumption.Main findings: The integration of knowledge from basic research in animal models into clinical practice has led to a reevaluation of IVM for policystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and onco-fertility patients. The introduction of meticulously conceived growth factors, hormonal supplements, and culture conditions led to an integrated biphasic CAPA-IVM system that promotes oocyte competence. A series of prospective randomized controlled studies validated the reproducible improvements in clinical outcomes and the safety of CAPA-IVM. So far, nearly 1000 babies have been born using this approach.Conclusion: The use of CAPA-IVM in clinical studies has set the tone for major progress in the field and is achieving a safer, less expensive, and less emotionally loaded IVF experience, currently validated for PCOS patients.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activation of motility and chemotaxis in the spermatozoa.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-05 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12638

Manabu Yoshida, Kaoru Yoshida

{"title":"Activation of motility and chemotaxis in the spermatozoa.","authors":"Manabu Yoshida, Kaoru Yoshida","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12638","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12638","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sperm motility and chemotaxis are important early steps in the interaction between sperm and oocytes during fertilization. Understanding these processes is essential for their basic biological and clinical applications. This review outlines advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of sperm activation and chemotaxis over the past two decades.Methods: The review focuses on the molecular pathways of Ca2+ signaling and the role of the CatSper channel involved in this signaling, and examines the comprehensive mechanisms that regulate sperm motility in aquatic invertebrates, fish, and mammals.Main findings: Sperm are activated by environmental changes (e.g., pH and osmolality) and egg-derived factors. CatSper channels mediate Ca2+ influx and regulate cell motility and chemotaxis. In addition to Ca2+, cAMP and membrane potential are also involved in the regulation of sperm motility. Alternative pathways exist in species lacking CatSper, highlighting the diversity of sperm activation mechanisms.Conclusion: There has been significant progress in understanding sperm motility regulation mediated by Ca2+, notably with CatSper, but the molecular mechanisms of other factors remain unclear. Future research should focus on species lacking CatSper to uncover commonalities and diversity in sperm motility regulation using genome editing and transcriptomic analyses.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NR5A1 and cell population heterogeneity: Insights into developmental and functional disparities and regulatory mechanisms.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12621

Miki Inoue, Kanako Miyabayashi, Yuichi Shima

{"title":"NR5A1 and cell population heterogeneity: Insights into developmental and functional disparities and regulatory mechanisms.","authors":"Miki Inoue, Kanako Miyabayashi, Yuichi Shima","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12621","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12621","url":null,"abstract":"Background: NR5A1 plays essential roles in the development of various tissues, including the ventromedial hypothalamus, pituitary gonadotrope, adrenal cortex, spleen, testis, and ovary. Additionally, NR5A1-positive cells in these tissues exhibit developmental and functional heterogeneity.Methods: This review summarizes recent knowledge on the relationships between physiological functions and gene cascades regulated by NR5A1 in each tissue. In addition, we also present several intriguing examples of disparities in Nr5a1 gene regulation within the same tissues, which are relevant to developmentally and functionally heterogeneous cell populations.Main findings: The adrenal cortex and testicular Leydig cells exhibit clear biphasic developmental processes, resulting in functionally distinct fetal and adult cell populations in which Nr5a1 is regulated by distinct enhancers. Similar heterogeneity of cell populations has been suggested in other tissues. However, functional differences in each cell population remain unclear, and Nr5a1 gene regulation disparities have not been reported.Conclusion: Some steroidogenic tissues demonstrate biphasic development, with fetal and adult cell populations playing distinct and crucial physiological roles. Nr5a1 regulation varies across cell populations, and analyses of gene cascades centered on NR5A1 will aid in understanding the mechanisms underlying the development and maturation of reproductive capabilities.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The physiological role of macrophages in reproductive organs.

IF 2.7 3区医学

Reproductive Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12637

Osamu Yoshino, Yosuke Ono

{"title":"The physiological role of macrophages in reproductive organs.","authors":"Osamu Yoshino, Yosuke Ono","doi":"10.1002/rmb2.12637","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmb2.12637","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Macrophages are essential immune cells critical to reproductive physiology. They regulate key processes such as follicular development, ovulation, and luteinization in the ovaries. Macrophages are also involved in endometrial remodeling, immune tolerance, and placentation in the uterus.Methods: This review examined the biological characteristics of macrophages and their role in ovarian, uterine, and fallopian tube physiology. It focused on findings from both animal and human studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of macrophage functions.Main findings: In the ovaries, M1 macrophages play a role in folliculogenesis and ovulation through the inflammatory and angiogenic pathways. Macrophages also maintain the corpus luteum and vascular integrity. In the uterus, macrophages regulate tissue repair and remodeling during the menstrual cycle and play a critical role in implantation by maintaining immune tolerance and supporting decidualization. Dysregulation of the M1/M2 balance can cause implantation failure. In the fallopian tubes, macrophages mediate tissue repair and immune responses. Macrophage polarization dynamically adapts to physiological and pathological conditions in all reproductive organs highlighting the functional plasticity of these cells.Conclusion: Macrophage polarization and functions are pivotal in maintaining reproductive health. Hence, understanding the role of macrophages in various reproductive organs provides a foundation for developing new therapies.","PeriodicalId":21116,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology","volume":"24 1","pages":"e12637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0