Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第7页

Introducing new resonant soft x-ray scattering capability in SSRL. 介绍了SSRL中新的软x射线共振散射能力。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0257317

Cheng-Tai Kuo, Makoto Hashimoto, Heemin Lee, Tan Thanh Huynh, Abraham Maciel, Zina Zhang, Dehong Zhang, Benjamin Edwards, Farzan Kazemifar, Chi-Chang Kao, Donghui Lu, Jun-Sik Lee

引用次数: 0

Coded-mask-based wavefront sensing technique for APS nanofocusing beamline diagnostics. 基于编码掩模的APS纳米聚焦波束线诊断波前传感技术。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0256447

Xianbo Shi, Zhi Qiao, Matthew J Highland, Matthew G Frith, Luca Rebuffi, Michael J Wojcik, Lahsen Assoufid

引用次数: 0

Estimating the neutron yield in a deuterium-tritium plasma with the JET neutron camera. 用JET中子照相机估计氘-氚等离子体中的中子产率。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0231639

Linus Hägg, Sean Conroy, Göran Ericsson, Zamir Ghani, Luca Giacomelli, Daniele Marocco, Alberto Milocco, Marco Riva, Benjamin Vingren, Gustav Robertson, Jacob Eriksson, Erik Andersson Sundén

{"title":"Estimating the neutron yield in a deuterium-tritium plasma with the JET neutron camera.","authors":"Linus Hägg, Sean Conroy, Göran Ericsson, Zamir Ghani, Luca Giacomelli, Daniele Marocco, Alberto Milocco, Marco Riva, Benjamin Vingren, Gustav Robertson, Jacob Eriksson, Erik Andersson Sundén","doi":"10.1063/5.0231639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0231639","url":null,"abstract":"The JET neutron camera is used to monitor a 2D profile of the neutron emission from the plasma, using 19 sightlines with plastic scintillators suited for measuring neutrons from the D + T → n + 4He (DT) reaction. This paper describes an independent, first-principles physics method for estimating the volume integrated DT neutron yield with the neutron camera. This is performed for a selection of shots from the two recent DT campaigns at JET, the DTE2 and DTE3 JET campaigns. It covers the data reduction methods from a light yield calibration of the scintillators to treatment of pile-up, which is prevalent during high yield DT experiments. Several models of the camera geometry are used to account for scattering and transmission effects in the neutron transport. The neutron yield is estimated using models of the neutron emission profile, which are fitted to measurement data. The neutron yield estimates from this method are compared to corresponding estimates from the JET fission chambers. Our estimates with the neutron camera are on average 34% and 41% higher than the fission chamber estimates for DTE2 and DTE3, respectively. The reasons for the discrepancies between the two systems are presently unknown and prompt further investigation. In this paper, we detail the methods used to reach the neutron yield estimate from the neutron camera, along with their strengths, weaknesses, and potential points of failure. This method is an evolution of an earlier work that estimated the deuterium-deuterium neutron yield using similar methods.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical effects in the VIS-IR of ionizing gamma radiations on indium fluoride optical fibers. 电离伽马辐射对氟化铟光纤的可见光-红外物理效应。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0265568

E La Francesca, A Cemmi, M C De Sanctis, S De Angelis, I Di Sarcina, J Scifo, A Verna, E Ammannito, M Ferrari, A Raponi

{"title":"Physical effects in the VIS-IR of ionizing gamma radiations on indium fluoride optical fibers.","authors":"E La Francesca, A Cemmi, M C De Sanctis, S De Angelis, I Di Sarcina, J Scifo, A Verna, E Ammannito, M Ferrari, A Raponi","doi":"10.1063/5.0265568","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0265568","url":null,"abstract":"The use of fiber optic technologies in space exploration offers significant advantages due to their low weight, high sensitivity, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, their performance under ionizing radiation remains a critical challenge. This study investigates the effects of gamma irradiation on multimode indium fluoride optical fibers (IFG-InF3), with the aim of evaluating their suitability for infrared spectrometers in harsh environments, such as planetary exploration missions. The fibers were exposed to 1.25 MeV gamma rays at the ENEA Casaccia Calliope facility at three total doses: 125, 250, and 375 Gy. Comprehensive analysis of transmission spectra in both the VIS-NIR and MIR ranges was conducted before and after irradiation, over a time span of eight months. The results demonstrate a significant degradation of transmittance in the visible range, particularly below 0.5 μm, with a partial recovery observed over time. Minimal impact was noted in the MIR range. These findings support the viability of IFG-InF3 fibers for applications above 1 μm in radiation-exposed environments and contribute to the advancement of radiation-resistant fiber-optic technologies for space instrumentation. This work is part of the ASI-INAF TRIS (Transmission and Illumination System) research and development program, which has the goal of increasing the TRL (Technology Readiness Level) of current transmission and illumination systems operating in the visible and near-infrared ranges by using new fiber optics technologies.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrothermal bidirectional coupling for pulsed thyristors with inductive load under repetitive pulses. 重复脉冲下电感负载脉冲晶闸管的电热双向耦合。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0261034

Yijie Sun, Jingming Gao, Xibiao Yang, Hanwen Zhang, Rong Chen, Diangeng Li, Xinbing Cheng, Jinliang Liu

{"title":"Electrothermal bidirectional coupling for pulsed thyristors with inductive load under repetitive pulses.","authors":"Yijie Sun, Jingming Gao, Xibiao Yang, Hanwen Zhang, Rong Chen, Diangeng Li, Xinbing Cheng, Jinliang Liu","doi":"10.1063/5.0261034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0261034","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal runaway and electrical instability in pulsed thyristors under repetitive pulses critically limit the reliability of solid-state and compact high-power pulse generators. However, the bidirectional electrothermal effects of pulsed thyristors under repetitive pulses have not been studied. In this paper, they were explored based on mixed semiconductor device and circuit simulations and scaling experiments. The results show that within a ten-microsecond pulse, the maximum temperature rise occurs in the P2 region between the amplifying gate and the cathode under diode protection, whereas that occurs in the J1 junction near the anode without diode protection. The global maximum temperature decreases, and the heating region gradually expands with increasing pulse width. As the repetition rate increases, the temperature of the thyristor case is higher within the same testing time. Affected by higher temperature, the voltage drop and peak power dissipation increase and the anode current decreases. The residual temperature in the previous pulse further increases the heat generation in the next pulse. The electrothermal bidirectional coupling relationship under repetitive pulses was established theoretically, which can guide the application of high-power pulse generators in repetition rate mode.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-repetition-rate photoelectron spectroscopic diagnostics for SHINE XFEL using time-of-flight spectrometers. 利用飞行时间光谱仪对SHINE XFEL进行高重复率光电子能谱诊断。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0267436

Jinlin Xiao, Junqin Li, Zhi Guo, Huaidong Jiang, Yong Wang

{"title":"High-repetition-rate photoelectron spectroscopic diagnostics for SHINE XFEL using time-of-flight spectrometers.","authors":"Jinlin Xiao, Junqin Li, Zhi Guo, Huaidong Jiang, Yong Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0267436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0267436","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their ultrashort pulse duration and high peak brightness, x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have emerged as one of the most powerful tools at the forefront of scientific research. Non-invasive spectral diagnostics of XFEL pulses is an emerging necessity to enhance their operational capability. This paper introduces a time-of-flight photoelectron spectrometer designed for high-repetition-rate XFELs. The instrument is primarily employed to provide high-resolution spectral measurements within the 400-3000 eV range. The energy resolution of the spectrometer itself can reach 0.06 eV. Detailed descriptions of its design principles, structural components, and data acquisition systems are provided, and simulations are conducted to assess the influence of factors such as spot size on energy resolution, ensuring the instrument's reliability and stability in practical applications. Taking the above influencing factors into account, the energy resolution of the photoelectron spectrometer in the final energy spectrum measurement can theoretically reach 0.5 eV. This research will offer significant technical support for the optimization of free-electron lasers and the execution of ultrafast scientific experiments.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous two-dimensional measurement of plasma density and electron temperature evolution via multi-color gas puff imaging on the HL-3 tokamak. 在HL-3托卡马克上用多色气泡成像同时测量等离子体密度和电子温度演变。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0270106

Y Yu, J B Yuan, J R Wen, W C Wang, Z J Yang, C Lei, B D Yuan, S B Gong, C Y Xiao, T Long, R Ke, T Lan, L Nie, S Y Fan, Q F Liang, Z H Huang, K Y Yi, Z B Shi, W L Zhong, M Xu

{"title":"Simultaneous two-dimensional measurement of plasma density and electron temperature evolution via multi-color gas puff imaging on the HL-3 tokamak.","authors":"Y Yu, J B Yuan, J R Wen, W C Wang, Z J Yang, C Lei, B D Yuan, S B Gong, C Y Xiao, T Long, R Ke, T Lan, L Nie, S Y Fan, Q F Liang, Z H Huang, K Y Yi, Z B Shi, W L Zhong, M Xu","doi":"10.1063/5.0270106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270106","url":null,"abstract":"A Multi-Color Gas Puff Imaging (MC-GPI) diagnostic system has been implemented on the HL-3 tokamak, employing a helium line intensity ratio methodology for simultaneous two-dimensional (2D) measurements of plasma density and electron temperature. The system utilizes four distinct helium emission lines at 587.6, 667.8, 706.6, and 728.1 nm, with an optimized high-transmissivity short-wave-pass dichroic mirror array designed to address the weaker intensity of the 728.1 nm spectral line. Compared to conventional MC-GPI configurations, the redesigned optical path demonstrates a 15.3% enhancement in 728.1 nm line intensity under identical plasma conditions and other optical components. The diagnostic achieves temporal synchronization through simultaneous image acquisition using a single high-speed camera, ensuring precise time alignment across all spectral channels. Absolute calibration was performed through cross-validation with Langmuir probe measurements in linear plasma configurations. Its spatiotemporal resolution is 0.36 mm and 44 μs. This optimized system not only demonstrates superior measurement capabilities for edge plasma characterization in large tokamaks but also shows significant potential for diagnostic applications in various helium plasma environments.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Method for characterization of multilayer substrates with complementary split-ring resonators. 具有互补裂环谐振器的多层衬底的表征方法。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0257918

Diego Alejandro Sarmiento Narvaez, Alonso Corona Chavez, Jose Luis Olvera Cervantes, Juan Mateo Meza Arenas, Tejinder Kaur

{"title":"Method for characterization of multilayer substrates with complementary split-ring resonators.","authors":"Diego Alejandro Sarmiento Narvaez, Alonso Corona Chavez, Jose Luis Olvera Cervantes, Juan Mateo Meza Arenas, Tejinder Kaur","doi":"10.1063/5.0257918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0257918","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology based on the use of multiple complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) in square form to obtain the relative permittivity of individual layers of a multilayer dielectric sample. The sensor uses CSRRs with different maximum penetration depths to analyze various sections of the sample. The methodology uses the resonant frequency change, which depends on the maximum measurable thickness of the resonator and dielectric permittivity of the sample. Various design parameters affecting the maximum measurable thickness, such as slot width and resonator size, were analyzed. Subsequently, a sensor consisting of two resonators at 2.4 and 7.4 GHz with maximum penetration depths of 5.3 and 3.0 mm, respectively, was designed to measure a two-layer sample. Each layer has a thickness of 3.0 mm. The sensor was tested satisfactorily with four commercial dielectric substrates, which were stacked into 16 different combinations. The results show great accuracy in the characterization of dielectric constant with an error smaller than 0.2% for the first layer and smaller than 9.4% for the second layer. The proposed method works correctly for materials that offer constant permittivities in the lower microwave region (<8 GHz).","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suppressing the spacecraft background in neutral mass spectrometers using a velocity filter. 用速度滤波器抑制中性质谱仪中的航天器背景。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0266312

Jared Schroeder, Stefano Livi, Frederic Allegrini, Peter Wurz, Peter Wahlström, Juergen Scheer

{"title":"Suppressing the spacecraft background in neutral mass spectrometers using a velocity filter.","authors":"Jared Schroeder, Stefano Livi, Frederic Allegrini, Peter Wurz, Peter Wahlström, Juergen Scheer","doi":"10.1063/5.0266312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0266312","url":null,"abstract":"When investigating tenuous densities, in situ mass spectrometry is often limited by the background of the spacecraft. Technological advancements continue to improve overall sensitivity and mass resolution, but background gas not associated with the targeted environment continues to be the limiting factor for future exploration. In space-based applications, background gas is generated through outgassing of the spacecraft and instrument and varies depending on conditions such as illumination, temperature, and particle exposure. This is particularly difficult when studying tenuous atmospheres, such as the exosphere of Mercury for example, where the number density of a species of interest can be less than the number density of outgassing constituents from the spacecraft. To mitigate this problem, either a background suppression system is needed or the outgassing rate and its temporal variation need to be documented and, if possible, corrected for in later data analysis. Strofio is a neutral gas mass spectrometer and one of the scientific instruments on the BepiColombo mission to study the exosphere of Mercury, equipped with a velocity filter for background gas suppression. We simulated the velocity filter under Mercury-like conditions, where the spacecraft travels at 3 km/s relative to the exospheric gas, and we verified its performance in the laboratory. Our results demonstrate that a properly optimized configuration can reduce the contribution from background gas by a factor of 40, significantly improving the in situ detection of neutrals. This highlights the effectiveness of velocity-filtering techniques for studying Mercury's exosphere and other tenuous planetary atmospheres.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring regolith strength in reduced gravity environments in the laboratory. 在实验室中测量重力降低环境下的风化层强度。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0249495

C Duffey, M Lea, J Brisset

引用次数: 0