Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第10页

Research on laser measurement point cloud preprocessing and 3D reconstruction technology for free-form surfaces. 研究自由曲面的激光测量点云预处理和三维重建技术。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0237429

Bin Sun, Junfang Song, Yi Cao, Xiaoqian Zhao

引用次数: 0

A lightweight semi-active ankle exoskeleton utilized NiTiCu-based shape memory alloys for energy storage. 轻型半主动踝关节外骨骼利用镍钛铜形状记忆合金进行能量存储。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0201547

Tiesheng Dong, Jiaqi Zhang, Qilin Shu, Long Xin, Jiao Ge

{"title":"A lightweight semi-active ankle exoskeleton utilized NiTiCu-based shape memory alloys for energy storage.","authors":"Tiesheng Dong, Jiaqi Zhang, Qilin Shu, Long Xin, Jiao Ge","doi":"10.1063/5.0201547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0201547","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, exoskeletons have a place in many fields, such as industrial production, medical rehabilitation, and military. However, there are still many shortcomings in the existing exoskeleton, such as heavyweight and complex structures for active exoskeleton. The driving ability of passive exoskeletons is limited. To reduce the energy consumption of wearers, based on the characteristics of the semi-active ankle exoskeleton, this paper proposes to use NiTiCu-based shape memory alloys (SMA) as the energy storage source to improve the power density. Compared to NiTi-based SMA, the phase transformation process of NiTiCu-based SMA is more rapid, which can solve the response delay problem to a certain extent. The ankle exoskeleton uses SMA deformation to compress the bias spring. When the human ankle joint needs auxiliary torque, the SMA releases the energy stored by the bias spring and transfers the energy to the ankle exoskeleton to achieve the effect of assisting the human ankle joint. During the assistance process, a control system based on the SMA mathematical model is constructed. The above-mentioned ideas provide a new approach for further expanding power density and can be widely applied in the field of robotics. During characterization, this semi-active ankle exoskeleton can effectively complete the movement state of upstairs and walking, achieve an effective power of 180 N, and store maximum energy up to 5 J for the human ankle.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"95 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An atomic beam of titanium for ultracold atom experiments. 用于超冷原子实验的钛原子束。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223352

Jackson Schrott, Diego Novoa, Scott Eustice, Dan M Stamper-Kurn

引用次数: 0

MKIDGen3: Energy-resolving, single-photon-counting microwave kinetic inductance detector readout on a radio frequency system-on-chip. MKIDGen3：在射频片上系统上读出能量分辨、单光子计数微波动感探测器。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0225768

Jennifer Pearl Smith, John I Bailey, Aled Cuda, Nicholas Zobrist, Benjamin A Mazin

{"title":"MKIDGen3: Energy-resolving, single-photon-counting microwave kinetic inductance detector readout on a radio frequency system-on-chip.","authors":"Jennifer Pearl Smith, John I Bailey, Aled Cuda, Nicholas Zobrist, Benjamin A Mazin","doi":"10.1063/5.0225768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0225768","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) are superconducting detectors capable of single-photon counting with energy resolution across the ultraviolet, optical, and infrared (UVOIR) spectrum with microsecond timing precision. MKIDs are also multiplexable, providing a feasible way to create large-format, cryogenic arrays for sensitive imaging applications in biology, astronomy, and quantum information. Building large, cryogenic MKID arrays requires processing highly multiplexed, wideband readout signals in real time; this task has previously required large, heavy, and power-intensive custom electronics. In this work, we present the third-generation UVOIR MKID readout system (Gen3), which is capable of reading out twice as many detectors with an order of magnitude lower power, weight, volume, and cost-per-pixel as compared to the previous system. Gen3 leverages the Xilinx RFSoC4x2 platform to read out 2048, 1 MHz MKID channels per board. The system takes a modern approach to FPGA design using Vitis High-Level Synthesis to specify signal processing blocks in C/C++, Vivado ML intelligent design runs to inform implementation strategy and close timing, and Python productivity for Zynq to simplify interacting with and programming the FPGA using Python. This design suite and tool flow allows general users to contribute to and maintain the design and positions Gen3 to rapidly migrate to future platforms as they become available. In this work, we describe the system requirements, design, and implementation. We also provide performance characterization details and show that the system achieves detector-limited resolving power in the case of few readout tones and minimal degradation with all 2048 tones. Planned upgrades and future work are also discussed. The Gen3 MKID readout system is fully open-source and is expected to facilitate future array scaling to megapixel-sized formats and increase the feasibility of deploying UVOIR MKIDs in space.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"95 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Redifining RADEN's high-resolution neutron imaging capabilities. 重新定义 RADEN 的高分辨率中子成像能力。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0235243

Oriol Sans-Planell, Takenao Shinohara, Francesco Grazzi, Francesco Cantini, Yuhua Su, Yoshihiro Matsumoto, Joseph D Parker, Ingo Manke

引用次数: 0

Impact of mechanical disturbances to the placement of reference light in Fourier transform interferometers. 机械干扰对傅立叶变换干涉仪中参考光位置的影响。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0235081

Muqian Wen

引用次数: 0

Spectral in situ ellipsometer for thin layer measurements in thermonuclear fusion applications. 用于热核聚变应用中薄层测量的光谱原位椭偏仪。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220315

Maciej Krychowiak

{"title":"Spectral in situ ellipsometer for thin layer measurements in thermonuclear fusion applications.","authors":"Maciej Krychowiak","doi":"10.1063/5.0220315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0220315","url":null,"abstract":"Ellipsometry is widely used to characterize the thickness and optical parameters of thin films deposited, for example, in industrial processes. It is based on the measurement of polarization change upon reflection of, for example, visible light at a material sample. Commercially available devices are designed for stationary applications and often rely on precise geometric adjustment of the optical setup to maximize the measurement precision. In this work, a simplified spectral ellipsometer is proposed and tested with the aim of flexible implementation in space-limited applications in thermonuclear fusion research: on the one hand, as a hand-held device for large thickness scans of coatings deposited on first-wall components inside the vacuum vessel of fusion experiments and, on the other hand, for in situ monitoring of plasma deposited coatings on diagnostic vacuum windows, reducing their transmission in the optical spectral range, which hampers spectroscopic diagnostics in long-pulse plasma experiments. The simplicity of the hardware setup is partially compensated by complex Bayesian inference of the coating parameters, which incorporates all uncertainties of the measurement and the model and provides a quantitative assessment of the final uncertainties of inferred coating parameters. The Bayesian inference based on synthetic observations is also used to optimize the diagnostic design, identifying the limiting parameters and quantifying their impact on final accuracy. For real-time analysis of layer thickness on first-wall components in fusion devices measured with the hand-held device, a neural network based analysis has been implemented, and promising test results are presented.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"95 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

X-ray phase-contrast imaging of strong shocks on OMEGA EP. OMEGA EP 上强冲击的 X 射线相位对比成像。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168059

L Antonelli, W Theobald, F Barbato, S Atzeni, D Batani, R Betti, V Bouffetier, A Casner, L Ceurvorst, D Cao, J J Ruby, K Glize, T Goudal, A Kar, M Khan, A Dearling, M Koenig, P M Nilson, R H H Scott, O Turianska, M Wei, N C Woolsey

{"title":"X-ray phase-contrast imaging of strong shocks on OMEGA EP.","authors":"L Antonelli, W Theobald, F Barbato, S Atzeni, D Batani, R Betti, V Bouffetier, A Casner, L Ceurvorst, D Cao, J J Ruby, K Glize, T Goudal, A Kar, M Khan, A Dearling, M Koenig, P M Nilson, R H H Scott, O Turianska, M Wei, N C Woolsey","doi":"10.1063/5.0168059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0168059","url":null,"abstract":"The ongoing improvement in laser technology and target fabrication is opening new possibilities for diagnostic development. An example is x-ray phase-contrast imaging (XPCI), which serves as an advanced x-ray imaging diagnostic in laser-driven experiments. In this work, we present the results of the XPCI platform that was developed at the OMEGA EP Laser-Facility to study multi-Mbar single and double shocks produced using a kilojoule laser driver. Two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations agree well with the shock progression and the spherical curvature of the shock fronts. It is demonstrated that XPCI is an excellent method to determine with high accuracy the front position of a trailing shock wave propagating through an expanding CH plasma that was heated by a precursor Mbar shock wave. The interaction between the rarefaction wave and the shock wave results in a clear signature in the radiograph that is well reproduced by radiation-hydrodynamic simulations.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"95 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integration of fixed-frequency and FM-CW (frequency-modulated continuous-wave) reflectometers for coincident turbulence measurements on LTX-β (Lithium Tokamak eXperiment-β). 整合固定频率和调频连续波反射仪，用于 LTX-β（锂托卡马克 eXperiment-β）上的重合湍流测量。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219837

S Kubota, R Lantsov, T L Rhodes, S Banerjee, D P Boyle, A Maan, R Majeski

{"title":"Integration of fixed-frequency and FM-CW (frequency-modulated continuous-wave) reflectometers for coincident turbulence measurements on LTX-β (Lithium Tokamak eXperiment-β).","authors":"S Kubota, R Lantsov, T L Rhodes, S Banerjee, D P Boyle, A Maan, R Majeski","doi":"10.1063/5.0219837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219837","url":null,"abstract":"The fixed-frequency and frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FM-CW) reflectometers on LTX-β (Lithium Tokamak eXperiment-β) have been configured to use the same transmission lines and antenna arrays for coincident views of the core and edge plasma. The fixed-frequency channels (13.1-20.5 and 20-40 GHz, tunable between discharges) provide time-resolved measurements of density fluctuations, while the FM-CW channels (13.1-20.2 and 19.5-33.5 GHz) measure the density profile and fluctuations, with high spatial resolution and a sampling rate determined by the frequency sweep interval (5 μs). Data from both reflectometers are synchronously acquired to simultaneously leverage the wide bandwidth and high spatial resolution of the respective systems. Experiments showed that mutual crosstalk interference is momentary and does not diminish the capability of either system. Spectral analysis indicated broad power spectra (several hundreds of kHz) and suggests that the signals from the FM-CW system are consistent with under-sampled fixed-frequency signals. Radial correlations were explored using data from the two reflectometers, as well as from the FM-CW system alone. The core channels showed high levels of agreement between these two comparisons, suggesting that the data from the reflectometers are interchangeable for statistical estimates. For the edge channels, comparisons using data from the FM-CW reflectometer alone showed significant decorrelation due to time lag caused by the finite frequency up-sweep duration. Alternatively, this effect is eliminated when cross-correlating data from the different reflectometers. These results highlight the advantages of operating the fixed-frequency and FM-CW reflectometers in this manner, where the combined system can overcome the limitations of each separate system.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"95 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy technique with simultaneous measurement in electron- and fluorescence-yield modes from high vacuum to ambient pressure for observation of surface adsorbed species. 开发软 X 射线吸收光谱技术，同时测量从高真空到环境压力下的电子和荧光产率模式，用于观察表面吸附物种。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0225539

Kohei Shibuya, Kenta Amemiya

{"title":"Development of soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy technique with simultaneous measurement in electron- and fluorescence-yield modes from high vacuum to ambient pressure for observation of surface adsorbed species.","authors":"Kohei Shibuya, Kenta Amemiya","doi":"10.1063/5.0225539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0225539","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the reactions of heterogeneous catalysts at the solid-gas interface under actual reaction conditions, it is important to develop a method to observe the surface-adsorbed species during the reaction, including the changes before and after the adsorption of light elements involved in the surface reaction. We developed a soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) technique that allows simultaneous measurements in the electron- and fluorescence-yield modes in the pressure range of 10-4-1 × 105 Pa. In the developed system, the reaction gas near the sample surface is separated from the beamline vacuum by a Si3N4 window and confined to a small area to suppress x-ray absorption by the gas. The electron-yield spectra were obtained by measuring the sample current while applying a bias potential to the Si3N4 window. XAS measurements were performed from high vacuum to ambient pressure by setting the bias potential to 600 and 39 V below and above 100 Pa, respectively. An anatase TiO2 nanoparticle-deposited film was prepared by spin coating, and soft XAS was performed to observe the photocatalytic oxidative decomposition reactions of isopropanol in the presence of water and oxygen. The obtained O K-edge spectra showed that it is possible to observe adsorbed oxygen on solid oxides even under ambient pressure conditions containing 0.1% of oxygen gas.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"95 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0