Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献

High-sensitivity measurement of Zeeman effect using hydrogen Paschen-α emission line in fusion-divertor-relevant plasma.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0252647

Minato Murakumo, Taiichi Shikama, Shinichiro Kado, Akihiro Iwata, Tsunehiro Morita, Shinsuke Oshima, Takuto Suzuki, Atsuki Mori, Gen Motojima, Takashi Minami, Shinji Kobayashi, Fumiyoshi Kin, Akihiro Ishizawa, Yuji Nakamura, Shigeru Konoshima, Tohru Mizuuchi, Shigeru Inagaki, Kazunobu Nagasaki, Masahiro Hasuo

引用次数: 0

The soft-membrane surface forces apparatus.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0253527

Ilyes Jalisse, Aditya Jha, Lionel Buisson, Frédéric Nallet, Yacine Amarouchene, Thomas Salez, Carlos Drummond

引用次数: 0

Foam copper adsorber facilitates the collimation of rubidium atomic beam.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0239646

Gehui Zhang, Bingquan Zhao, Xiangxiang Lu, Qianyun Zhao, Jieying Wang, Jian Liu, Weiren Liu, Junxin Wei, Dianliang Wang, Shanshan Chen

引用次数: 0

Development of a control method for micro-gyroscopes using self-excitation and frequency measurement techniques.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0245317

Xin Liu, Peng Sun, Yinyu Liu, Zhaoli Wei, Quanfeng Zhou

{"title":"Development of a control method for micro-gyroscopes using self-excitation and frequency measurement techniques.","authors":"Xin Liu, Peng Sun, Yinyu Liu, Zhaoli Wei, Quanfeng Zhou","doi":"10.1063/5.0245317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245317","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscopes (MHRGs) serve as essential components in inertial navigation systems. This research introduces a novel digital closed-loop control system for the application of the force-to-rebalance mode. The proposed methodology utilizes a self-excitation technique to initiate oscillation. First, the amplitude of the oscillatory signal detected by the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) is calculated. This amplitude is subsequently amplified by a predetermined factor and multiplied with the ADC-detected signal. The resultant product serves as the input for the digital-to-analog converter, facilitating the generation of a drive signal for the MRHG. Upon the oscillation amplitude attaining a specified threshold, the control system transitions the drive control to the Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) module. Concurrently, we employ a high-frequency clock to measure the frequency of the ADC sampling signal. The measured frequency is then used to establish a reference frequency range for the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, with the aim of expediting the convergence speed. Finally, a PID block based on the standard IEEE-754 floating-point format is implemented to perform fine-grained adjustment of the DDS frequency control word. Experimental results demonstrate that the amplitude control shows a variation of ±1% with respect to the reference value. For MHRGs with different Q factors and resonant frequencies, the phase error between the drive and detection signals is maintained within ±0.5°.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automated polarization rotation for multi-axis rotational-anisotropy second harmonic generation experiments. 用于多轴旋转各向异性二次谐波发生实验的自动偏振旋转。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0233827

Karna A Morey, Bryan T Fichera, Baiqing Lv, Zonqi Shen, Nuh Gedik

{"title":"Automated polarization rotation for multi-axis rotational-anisotropy second harmonic generation experiments.","authors":"Karna A Morey, Bryan T Fichera, Baiqing Lv, Zonqi Shen, Nuh Gedik","doi":"10.1063/5.0233827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0233827","url":null,"abstract":"Rotational anisotropy second harmonic generation (RA-SHG) is a nonlinear optical technique used to probe the symmetry of condensed matter systems. Measuring the dependence of the SHG susceptibility on one or more external parameters, notably strain, field, temperature, or time delay, is an extremely powerful way to probe complex phases of quantum materials. Experimentally, extracting maximal information about the SHG susceptibility tensor requires measurements of S and P polarized input and output combinations, which naturally involves the rotation of the polarizers during data collection. For multi-axis experiments, this has proved challenging since polarization rotation is typically done manually. Automating this process eliminates labor constraints, reduces uncertainty due to low-frequency noise, and expands the type of multi-axis datasets that can be collected; however, it is difficult due to geometrical constraints within the setup. In this work, we design and implement low-cost, high-fidelity automated polarization rotators for use in multi-axis RA-SHG. These polarization rotators utilize an electrical slip ring to transfer power to the rotating RA-SHG optical setup as well as a miniature stepper motor to perform the polarization rotation. We demonstrate this automated system in time-resolved RA-SHG measurements in the non-centrosymmetric semiconductor GaAs. For the multi-axis measurements described above, this automated system permits data averaging over longer periods, vastly expedites data collection, and expands the setup measurement capability. This ultimately opens new frontiers in probing quantum materials using multiple tunable external parameters.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct two-dimensional goniometric steering of vacuum electrospray ion beams for angular time-of-flight studies.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0240136

Zach Ulibarri, Elaine Petro

{"title":"Direct two-dimensional goniometric steering of vacuum electrospray ion beams for angular time-of-flight studies.","authors":"Zach Ulibarri, Elaine Petro","doi":"10.1063/5.0240136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0240136","url":null,"abstract":"Vacuum electrospray ionization (ESI) thrusters are an emerging electric propulsion (EP) technology that operate by firing ions from vacuum stable ionic liquids at high velocity. These ESI systems have the potential to be among the most efficient propulsion sources available while also providing a level of precise thrust control that is difficult or impossible to achieve with other EP sources. However, the angular properties of the ESI ejecta plumes are not well understood, particularly with respect to off-axis firing, molecular composition across the plume, and droplet accumulation, which can cause electrical shorts that disable the thruster. Here, we present a novel method for two-dimensional steering of vacuum electrospray ionization beams to better understand their angular properties. Utilizing an externally wetted tungsten needle with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI-BF4), we employ a dual-axis goniometer to achieve in vacuo beam steering in both pitch and yaw. This setup enables detailed angular-dependent time-of-flight measurements of molecular species within the ESI plume as a function of plume angle. Our findings reveal significant variations in the relative abundance of monomers, dimers, trimers, and heavy species across different beam angles, with monomers being at a relative minimum and fragments, trimers, and heavy species being at a relative maximum at the beam center. The ability to accurately aim the ion beam dramatically enhances the signal-to-noise ratio for various diagnostic tools, underscoring the utility of this system for both scientific studies and practical laboratory applications. This two-dimensional steering capability offers a robust framework for future investigations into ESI plume dynamics and composition, enabling more precise characterizations that are critical for optimizing ESI-based propulsion systems and other applications.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MIRACLES, the backscattering spectrometer of the European Spallation Source: Meeting scientific requirements with design.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0241954

Félix J Villacorta, Heloisa N Bordallo, Alexander Conde, José E M Pereira, Roberto Martínez, Idoia Mazkiaran, Iván Aranda, Octavio G Del Moral, Aitor Zugazaga, Giles Harper, Masatoshi Arai

{"title":"MIRACLES, the backscattering spectrometer of the European Spallation Source: Meeting scientific requirements with design.","authors":"Félix J Villacorta, Heloisa N Bordallo, Alexander Conde, José E M Pereira, Roberto Martínez, Idoia Mazkiaran, Iván Aranda, Octavio G Del Moral, Aitor Zugazaga, Giles Harper, Masatoshi Arai","doi":"10.1063/5.0241954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0241954","url":null,"abstract":"MIRACLES, the neutron time-of-flight backscattering instrument of the European Spallation Source (ESS), will be the spectrometer with the highest energy resolution at the start of the ESS user program. The long pulse provided by the ESS source allows tuning the energy resolution of the instrument, with the concomitant capability of probing a wide range of molecular and atomic timescales, unfolding new opportunities in neutron spectroscopy to disentangle complex dynamics faster in a single experiment and allowing the use of smaller and more diluted samples. This work will report on a detailed description of the design efforts to bring MIRACLES from the scientific requirements to the construction and commissioning phases. This includes the provision of high and tailored energy resolution, optimization of the signal-to-background ratio, and the ability for integration of new equipment and scientific capabilities that will make MIRACLES a paramount asset for the ESS neutron scientific instrument suite.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An improved technique based on discrete Fourier transform for demodulating the plasma-induced phase shift in a dispersion interferometer.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0242252

A D Khilchenko, A N Kvashnin, E I Soldatkina, V V Prikhodko, S V Ivanenko, V B Minaev

{"title":"An improved technique based on discrete Fourier transform for demodulating the plasma-induced phase shift in a dispersion interferometer.","authors":"A D Khilchenko, A N Kvashnin, E I Soldatkina, V V Prikhodko, S V Ivanenko, V B Minaev","doi":"10.1063/5.0242252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0242252","url":null,"abstract":"This article announces a technique for detecting plasma-induced phase shifts in a dispersion interferometer (DI) with artificial modulation of probing radiation, based on the use of a sliding discrete Fourier transform with periodic correction of the results of calculations and procedures for suppressing leaks in the frequency domain by window functions. Within the framework of this technology, the results of measurements of CO2 laser-based DI are formed with a maximum differential deviation of <2° at a rate of phase shift variation on 45° (about 1019 m-2) during the period of the modulating signal. As the rate of phase shift decreases, the magnitude of the differential deviation decreases proportionally, at a level commensurate with the measurement error caused by the noise component of the photodetector signal (∼1016 m-2). The feature of the considered technique is the improved accuracy at the cost of twice reduced the time resolution. The hardware implementation of the phase shift calculation with ADC sampling rate instead of modulating frequency is proposed.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-temperature UHV scanning tunneling microscope double sample holder for in situ exchangeable clean room processed samples.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0228294

Umamahesh Thupakula, We-Hyo Soe, Jimmy Faria, Piyush Kanti Sarkar, A Omura Okano, Makoto Sakurai, Christian Joachim

{"title":"Low-temperature UHV scanning tunneling microscope double sample holder for in situ exchangeable clean room processed samples.","authors":"Umamahesh Thupakula, We-Hyo Soe, Jimmy Faria, Piyush Kanti Sarkar, A Omura Okano, Makoto Sakurai, Christian Joachim","doi":"10.1063/5.0228294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0228294","url":null,"abstract":"A generalization of the double sample holder (DSH) concept is presented for an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) low-temperature (LT) multi-probe scanning tunneling microscope (STM). In UHV, the DSH is carrying, side-by-side, a reference metal sample [Au(111) single crystal for STM tip apex preparation] and an ancillary stand-alone small sample holder (for samples originating from a clean room) that can be mounted in situ in/out of the DSH plate. STM tip navigation on both sample surfaces is performed using a UHV scanning electron microscope positioned above the STM stage. For demonstration, clean room nanofabricated graphene nano-gears (diameter down to 25 nm) on a sapphire sample are characterized using STM. The STM tip apices are cleaned on the atomically precise and UHV cleaned Au(111) reference sample surface. Using our new DSH plate and in situ STM tip apex re-preparation on the reference metallic sample, we demonstrate how a clean room originating sample can be imaged at the atomic resolution using our LT-UHV 4-STM.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Particle displacement refinement based on hybrid cross-correlation optical flow method with gradient constancy assumption.

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0238355

Hu Li, Guanyu Yan, Haidong Zhu, Yan Feng, Jingjing He

{"title":"Particle displacement refinement based on hybrid cross-correlation optical flow method with gradient constancy assumption.","authors":"Hu Li, Guanyu Yan, Haidong Zhu, Yan Feng, Jingjing He","doi":"10.1063/5.0238355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0238355","url":null,"abstract":"In particle image velocimetry (PIV), the brightness of a particle image sequence may change due to uneven laser intensity distribution and fluctuations in laser output. Consequently, the optical flow method (OFM), which relies on the brightness constancy assumption, becomes unsuitable. The traditional variational OFM is only accurate for small displacement fields but lacks robustness and accuracy when applied to PIV images with intensity variations. In this study, to address these issues, we improve the traditional cross-correlation OFM to establish a high-resolution hybrid cross-correlation optical flow method (CC-OFM) for particle images with large displacement and intensity variations. The data term, which combines the brightness constancy assumption with the gradient constancy assumption, compensates for the intensity changes between the particle image pairs. The proposed CC-OFM is quantitatively evaluated using both synthetic particle images and experimental particle images under various conditions, comparing the displacement results with those obtained using other methods. The results reveal that the proposed CC-OFM provides high accuracy and robustness for particle images with large displacement and intensity variations. Furthermore, its high spatial resolution allows it to capture flow details more effectively than the other methods.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0