Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献

Development of an integrated cryogenic diamond anvil cell for photoluminescence of CrSBr. 用于CrSBr光致发光的集成低温金刚石砧细胞的研制。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0337421

Luther J Langston, Jacob Hause, Carla Boix-Constant, Samuel Mañas-Valero, Eugenio Coronado, Janice L Musfeldt

{"title":"Development of an integrated cryogenic diamond anvil cell for photoluminescence of CrSBr.","authors":"Luther J Langston, Jacob Hause, Carla Boix-Constant, Samuel Mañas-Valero, Eugenio Coronado, Janice L Musfeldt","doi":"10.1063/5.0337421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0337421","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design and calibration of a cryogenic adapter for a diamond anvil cell (DAC) that enables optical spectroscopy under simultaneous low temperature and high pressure conditions. What differentiates our design from prior efforts is the straightforward construction and opportunity for rapid implementation using common cryogenic hardware. The motivation for this development work arose from room temperature photoluminescence measurements of CrSBr, a chalco-halide that exhibits strong quenching of the emission intensity on approach to the pressure-induced transition near 7.6 GPa. Normalized spectra reveal reversible red and blue shifts of the broad emission band with compression and decompression, consistent with pressure-tuned changes in the inter-layer interactions. To host such measurements, the cryo-DAC adapter provides thermally stable cryogenic operation (with either liquid nitrogen or helium) while maintaining optical access and precise pressure calibration. These measurements demonstrate that compression suppresses exciton-phonon coupling in CrSBr. Construction details, required instrumentation, pressure calibration using ruby fluorescence and temperature control are described. Typical cryogen consumption is 4-5 liters per run.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refinement of an experimental technique for measuring birefringence by the polarization-dependent transmission method. 偏振相关透射法测量双折射实验技术的改进。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0340266

A Karandikar, S Wats, P Kumar

引用次数: 0

Magnetic encoder error compensation based on a neural network-Kalman filtering hybrid framework. 基于神经网络卡尔曼滤波混合框架的磁编码器误差补偿。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0332662

Song Jin, Yuliang Wang

{"title":"Magnetic encoder error compensation based on a neural network-Kalman filtering hybrid framework.","authors":"Song Jin, Yuliang Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0332662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0332662","url":null,"abstract":"In industrial settings, magnetic encoders suffer from structural errors and random noise, making conventional angle demodulation methods that assume ideal sine-cosine signals hard to be both accurate and robust under complex conditions. Moreover, standard filters often fail in these scenarios because their static observation models and fixed noise parameters cannot adapt to structural distortions. To address this, this paper proposes a hybrid error compensation framework that integrates a neural network with an extended Kalman filter (NN-EKF). The neural network reconstructs signals that satisfy the quadrature relationship from noisy sine-cosine sequences sampled by the ADC and predicts the uncertainty parameters required by Kalman filtering. This provides the EKF with observation inputs and noise priors that are more consistent with its physical assumptions. Meanwhile, within an uncertainty-weighted multi-task learning framework, signal reconstruction and phase estimation are optimized jointly. Simulation results under mixed error conditions show that NN-EKF reduces the mean absolute error (MAE) by about 98% compared with arctangent demodulation and achieves lower MAE, RMSE, and maximum error than EKF, phase-locked loop, Kalman-Gradient Descent, and KalmanNet. On a hardware test platform, the proposed method achieves a maximum angle error of 0.0349°. Without target-sensor fine-tuning, NN-EKF reduces the RMSE by 84.2% and 83.1% on unseen tunneling magnetoresistance and Hall sensors. Furthermore, a lightweight lookup-table scheme constructed based on the NN-EKF output satisfies the real-time deployment requirements of embedded systems with only an additional error of ∼0.0022°, validating the engineering feasibility and practical potential of the proposed hybrid framework.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recurrent neural network encoder-decoder surrogate models for replacing computational beam simulations in beamline optimization. 在波束线优化中替代计算波束模拟的递归神经网络编码器-解码器代理模型。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0325617

Xi Cheng, Ke-Dong Wang, Kai Wang, Xu Zhang, Jie Li, Fei-Yu Wu, Jinlong Li, Xue-Qing Yan, Kun Zhu

引用次数: 0

Characterizing low dI/dt X-pinch bright spots through charge-based analysis of saturated soft x-ray photodiode signals. 通过饱和软x射线光电二极管信号的电荷分析表征低dI/dt x捏点亮点。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0311577

YeongHwan Choi, MuHyeop Cha, Hakmin Lee, Hyogeon Ki, Seongmin Choi, Seungmin Bong, Seonghun Jeon, Ookjin Choi, Young-Chul Ghim, Yong-Seok Hwang, Kyoung-Jae Chung

{"title":"Characterizing low dI/dt X-pinch bright spots through charge-based analysis of saturated soft x-ray photodiode signals.","authors":"YeongHwan Choi, MuHyeop Cha, Hakmin Lee, Hyogeon Ki, Seongmin Choi, Seungmin Bong, Seonghun Jeon, Ookjin Choi, Young-Chul Ghim, Yong-Seok Hwang, Kyoung-Jae Chung","doi":"10.1063/5.0311577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0311577","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the characteristics of X-pinch plasmas driven under low current rise rate (dI/dt) conditions using soft x-ray spectroscopy combined with the Bennett relation. X-pinch experiments were conducted on the SNU X-pinch device using copper wires at a low dI/dt of 0.2-0.3 kA/ns. The resulting 1-10 keV soft x-ray signals, measured by using an x-ray-filtered AXUV photodiode array, exhibit significant nonlinear effects due to the high intensity of the soft x-ray pulses. This work characterizes the nonlinear behavior of the AXUV-HS5 Si PIN photodiodes under intense pulsed radiation using a pulsed laser. We identified a charge conservation property that the total collected charge remains proportional to the incident pulse energy despite temporal profile distortion. Based on this diagnostic finding, we developed and applied a new framework for plasma parameter estimation. By combining a spherical emission model with the Bennett equilibrium, this approach determines that the soft x-ray source plasma is a \"bright spot,\" characterized by a plasma density ne ∼1021 cm-3, size d ∼30-40 μm, at electron temperature Te ∼1 keV, and an emission duration tB ∼1 ns, rather than an extremely compressed \"hot spot.\"","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wavelength-independent laser polarization rotator. 波长无关的激光偏振旋转器。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0320046

Zhi Zi, Haowen Wang, Yizhi Wen, Zhuowei Hou, Xin Guo, Junrong Zheng, Zhihao Yu

引用次数: 0

Self-sensing and adaptive composite fault-tolerant control strategy for magnetic-liquid double suspension bearings under sensor failures. 传感器故障下磁液双悬浮轴承自感知自适应复合容错控制策略。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0339071

Xv Zhang, Xinwei Wang, Pengfei Zheng, Boxian Yuan, Ruiting Pan, Jianhua Zhao

{"title":"Self-sensing and adaptive composite fault-tolerant control strategy for magnetic-liquid double suspension bearings under sensor failures.","authors":"Xv Zhang, Xinwei Wang, Pengfei Zheng, Boxian Yuan, Ruiting Pan, Jianhua Zhao","doi":"10.1063/5.0339071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0339071","url":null,"abstract":"To address suspension instability and rotor drop caused by displacement sensor faults in the Magnetic-Liquid Double Suspension Bearing (MLDSB), this paper studies anti-drop control under sensor fault conditions. A two-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the radial support unit is established to describe the coupling among electromagnetic suspension force, hydrostatic supporting force, and rotor displacement. Differential displacement sensor fault models are then developed for open-circuit faults, fixed-bias faults, impact faults, and periodic interference faults. For abrupt measurement abnormalities, a self-sensing displacement reconstruction method based on the force-balance principle is proposed to replace faulty feedback through fault detection and signal switching. To suppress the residual oscillation that remains under periodic interference faults, a composite fault-tolerant control strategy combining adaptive back-propagation neural network proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and incremental PI is further introduced. Simulation results show that conventional constant-ratio control is highly sensitive to sensor feedback and cannot maintain stable suspension under the four fault conditions. Self-sensing constant-ratio control effectively suppresses instability caused by open-circuit faults, fixed-bias faults, and impact faults and achieves stable post-fault suspension. Under periodic interference faults, the proposed composite control strategy further reduces sustained oscillation, drives the rotor back to the reference position within a short time, and restores the control voltage, current, and supporting force to normal levels. The results show that the proposed hierarchical composite fault-tolerant control framework improves the anti-drop capability and operational reliability of the MLDSB under displacement sensor faults.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compound fault diagnosis of rolling bearings using adaptive spiral flying sparrow search algorithm-variational mode decomposition-sample entropy (ASFSSA-VMD-SampEn) with a hybrid particle swarm optimization-convolutional neural network (HPSO-CNN). 基于自适应螺旋飞麻雀搜索算法-变分模态分解-样本熵（ASFSSA-VMD-SampEn）和混合粒子群优化-卷积神经网络（HPSO-CNN）的滚动轴承复合故障诊断。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0323922

Tiantian Wei, Fengfeng Bie, Fengxia Lyu, Qianqian Li, Zheng Chao, Han Dong, Xinting Miao

{"title":"Compound fault diagnosis of rolling bearings using adaptive spiral flying sparrow search algorithm-variational mode decomposition-sample entropy (ASFSSA-VMD-SampEn) with a hybrid particle swarm optimization-convolutional neural network (HPSO-CNN).","authors":"Tiantian Wei, Fengfeng Bie, Fengxia Lyu, Qianqian Li, Zheng Chao, Han Dong, Xinting Miao","doi":"10.1063/5.0323922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0323922","url":null,"abstract":"As a key component of rotating machinery, rolling bearing fault characteristic signals are susceptible to multi-source coupling interference, leading to weak fault features easily submerged and difficult to extract. Aiming at the large decomposition error and low computational efficiency of Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) in extracting fault features under single and compound bearing fault modes, as well as the limitations brought by empirical parameter selection, this paper proposes a novel bearing fault diagnosis method. The overall VMD framework is optimized by the Adaptive Spiral Flying Sparrow Search Algorithm (ASFSSA), which is further combined with the Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO)-improved Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). First, the ASFSSA adaptively optimizes VMD's core parameters, including the mode quantity K and penalty factor α, which addresses the issue that traditional VMD parameters rely on empirical assignment and achieve precise decomposition of fault signals. Second, sample entropy (SampEn) is adopted only as the fitness function to quantify the complexity and stationarity of each decomposed intrinsic mode function and provide objective quantitative criteria for parameter optimization. To eliminate circular SampEn self-verification flaws in optimization and evaluation, six external quantitative metrics are added to fully evaluate fault signal decomposition performance. Finally, HPSO optimizes CNN hyperparameters, including learning rate, hidden nodes, and L2 coefficient, to boost the model's fault classification accuracy. Simulations and experiments prove that the method outperforms traditional algorithms for accurate, reliable bearing fault diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to comment on "Development of a 10.8-eV tabletop femtosecond laser with tunable polarization for high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 96, 093004 (2025)]. 对“用于高分辨率角分辨光谱学的10.8 ev可调偏振台式飞秒激光器的研制”评论的回应[Sci.修订版]。仪器学报，96,093004(2025)]。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0336822

Jisong Gao, Qiaoxiao Zhao, Wenbo Liu, Dong Li, Zhicheng Gao, Yudian Zhou, Xuegao Hu, Zhihao Cai, Zhilin Li, Youguo Shi, Peng Cheng, Zhaojun Liu, Lan Chen, Kehui Wu, Zhigang Zhao, Baojie Feng

引用次数: 0

Design and laboratory-accessible manual fabrication of a Bradbury-Nielsen gate for ionic liquid electrospray thruster characterization. 离子液体电喷雾推进器特性的布拉德伯里-尼尔森栅极的设计和实验室可访问的手工制造。

IF 1.6 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0326129

Ying Zhang, Dawei Guo, Xiaokang Li, Xiong Yang, Mousen Cheng

{"title":"Design and laboratory-accessible manual fabrication of a Bradbury-Nielsen gate for ionic liquid electrospray thruster characterization.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Dawei Guo, Xiaokang Li, Xiong Yang, Mousen Cheng","doi":"10.1063/5.0326129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0326129","url":null,"abstract":"Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF) is widely adopted to characterize the charged particles emitted from ionic liquid electrospray thrusters (ILETs). The Bradbury-Nielsen gate (BNG) offers advantages such as high geometric transparency and low control voltage, making it particularly suitable for bipolar beam measurements of ILETs in TOF systems. However, BNG fabrication poses significant challenges, including poor controllability of interwire spacing, non-uniform wire tension, and insufficient mechanical fixation reliability. In this work, an integrated and laboratory-accessible BNG structure and a corresponding manual fabrication method are presented. The completed BNG exhibits an average measured wire spacing of 0.505 mm (standard deviation 0.018 mm), representing a 1% deviation from the design value of 0.5 mm, and a transparency of 76%. Experimental characterization demonstrates that voltage pulse rise time remains below 63 ns with the control voltage in the range of 500-1500 V. The BNG was further evaluated in an ILET-relevant TOF setup. For gate voltages ≥800 V, the beam blocking efficiency exceeded 95% for both positive and negative beam polarities. These results demonstrate that the proposed design achieves competitive gating performance through a fabrication route accessible to common laboratories, making it a practical solution for TOF diagnostics of ILETs.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0