Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第9页

An ion-imaging detector for high count rates. 用于高计数率的离子成像探测器。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0259895

Kai Golibrzuch, Florian Nitz, Stefan Hörandl, Mark E Bernard, Alice Bremer, Daniel J Auerbach, Theofanis N Kitsopoulos, Alec M Wodtke

{"title":"An ion-imaging detector for high count rates.","authors":"Kai Golibrzuch, Florian Nitz, Stefan Hörandl, Mark E Bernard, Alice Bremer, Daniel J Auerbach, Theofanis N Kitsopoulos, Alec M Wodtke","doi":"10.1063/5.0259895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0259895","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of high-power ionizing light sources with repetition rates greater than 100 kHz promises vastly improved data acquisition times for electron and ion imaging experiments; however, optimal means to record ion images at high average ion flux are challenging. A popular ion imaging detector uses a double (chevron) microchannel plate (MCP) stack operating at high gain (∼106) and a phosphor screen floated to 4 kV while images are recorded using a CCD or CMOS camera. Such imaging detectors tend to exhibit severe inhomogeneity at high incidence ion flux due to saturation effects in the MCP, even when the amplified current is far below the strip-current limit. This inhomogeneity arises from a local loss of gain in channels experiencing a high frequency of ion-amplification events, even when most channels are behaving normally. Here, we describe an alternative ion imaging scheme using a detector based on a single microchannel plate, a phosphor screen that can be floated to 20 kV, and a Timepix3 based event camera and demonstrate its performance in an ion-imaging experiment performed at a repetition rate of 100 kHz. The reduced gain of the single MCP avoids gain inhomogeneity up to higher count-rates, while the high-voltage phosphor helps maintain high single ion detection efficiency. The detector performs well at an ion flux of 107 ions cm-2 s-1.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Full duty cycle laser ablation plasma spectrometry (LAPS) combining a hollow-core toroidal coil with artificial intelligence classification. 全占空比激光烧蚀等离子光谱法（LAPS）将空心环形线圈与人工智能分类相结合。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0240493

Janosch von Ballmoos, Sharath Rameshbabu, Davide Bleiner

引用次数: 0

Multiplexed photonic Doppler velocimetry enabled by multichannel optical switching: An optimization methodology for crosstalk suppression. 多通道光交换实现的多路光子多普勒测速：串扰抑制的优化方法。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0260251

Jianzhong Li, Shouxian Liu, Jing Wang, Jiangbo Lei, Jun Liu, Qixian Peng

{"title":"Multiplexed photonic Doppler velocimetry enabled by multichannel optical switching: An optimization methodology for crosstalk suppression.","authors":"Jianzhong Li, Shouxian Liu, Jing Wang, Jiangbo Lei, Jun Liu, Qixian Peng","doi":"10.1063/5.0260251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0260251","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in velocity measurement, leveraging the benefits of photonic Doppler velocimetry in the domains of shock and detonation physics, explosive safety, and materials physics, have led to the development of array or area velocity measurements for high-fidelity research. However, the direct superimposition of multiple PDVs can result in significant increases in volume, cost, and complexity. In recent years, multiplexed photonic Doppler velocimetry (MPDV) has emerged as an effective solution for measuring velocities at numerous points. While time-division multiplexed MPDV systems have gained attention for circumventing the bandwidth constraints inherent in frequency-division multiplexed approaches, the critical issue of optical crosstalk induced by optical switching components remains insufficiently addressed. Current commercial optical switches with limited isolation performance may introduce channel interference that compromises measurement accuracy in precision experiments. This study presents a novel time-division multiplexed MPDV architecture employing multichannel optical switching modules. Through precise timing control, eight distinct velocity signals with different delay times can be obtained from a single channel, enabling simultaneous recording of 64 velocity signals using two conventional four-channel digitizers. Furthermore, the crosstalk issue can be significantly mitigated through optimized optical switch configurations and probe design modifications. The method's validity has been experimentally verified through an experiment involving explosive-driven metal flyers. This method holds significant potential for further expanding the number of measurement points in MPDV applications.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement of heat transfer and mixing enhancement by chaotic advection: Experimental methods. 混沌平流传热和增强混合的测量：实验方法。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0254063

Nouhaila El Hani, Tom Lacassagne, Souria Hamidouche, S Amir Bahrani

{"title":"Measurement of heat transfer and mixing enhancement by chaotic advection: Experimental methods.","authors":"Nouhaila El Hani, Tom Lacassagne, Souria Hamidouche, S Amir Bahrani","doi":"10.1063/5.0254063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0254063","url":null,"abstract":"The enhancement of heat and mass transfer is key to designing energy-efficient industrial devices with the lowest environment impact, a challenge for sustainable development and energy transition. Several approaches can be used, either by extending the transfer surface and/or by acting on the fluid flow to increase the heat transfer rate, in passive or active manners. In this Review, the focus is placed on one type of passive technique, known as chaotic advection, which generates unsteady and irregular fluid motion at relatively low flow rates, with negligible additional energy input, thus enhancing mixing and mass transfer. Chaotic advection is used in a wide range of applications and fields, including fluid mixing, heat exchangers, and microfluidics. In this context, experimental methods offer a direct means of observing, quantifying, and unraveling the complexity of fluid dynamics coupled with heat transfer and ultimately finding effective strategies for intensifying exchanges. The main purpose of this review paper is to summarize experimental techniques used in the literature, both local and global, enabling an in-depth examination of the interplay between chaotic advection, heat transfer, and mixing efficiency. To this end, a compilation of methods for visualizing and quantifying transfer mechanisms is detailed in this Review. They give access to local velocity and scalar fields and help depict chaotic transfer mechanisms. Several global parameters and performance coefficients are also defined, providing valuable information on overall thermohydraulic efficiency. The advantages and drawbacks of the different experimental techniques presented are discussed. Finally, this Review also discusses some promising experimental techniques that have not yet been used in the literature, in the context of chaotic exchangers, but hold the potential to deepen our understanding of both external and internal mixing and thermal behavior of such systems.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-performance frequency reference based on cryogenic sapphire oscillator. 基于低温蓝宝石振荡器的高性能频率基准。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0268903

Encai Zhong, Yan Zheng, Jinxu Hong, Mingming Liu, Yijun Luo, Hongli Liu, Ke Deng, Jie Zhang, Zehuang Lu

引用次数: 0

Temporal characterization of femtosecond electron pulses inside ultrafast scanning electron microscope. 飞秒电子脉冲在超快扫描电镜内的时间表征。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0258415

Kamila Moriová, Petr Koutenský, Marius-Constantin Chirita-Mihaila, Martin Kozák

引用次数: 0

Design of an advanced plasma chamber for third generation ECRIS. 第三代ECRIS先进等离子体室的设计。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0260096

J Cruz-Duran, J Y Benitez, J P Garcia, M Handemagnon, C M Lyneis, L Phair, D S Todd, D Z Xie

引用次数: 0

Compensation for motion-coupled error in a superconducting gravity gradiometer. 超导重力梯度仪运动耦合误差补偿。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0248177

Yaqin Chen, Kaiyuan Song, Yaqiong Li, Ning Zhang, Yuntao Qiu, Xiangdong Liu

{"title":"Compensation for motion-coupled error in a superconducting gravity gradiometer.","authors":"Yaqin Chen, Kaiyuan Song, Yaqiong Li, Ning Zhang, Yuntao Qiu, Xiangdong Liu","doi":"10.1063/5.0248177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248177","url":null,"abstract":"The superconducting gravity gradiometer (SGG) is composed of a pair of separated accelerometers, the outputs of which are differenced to yield the gravity gradient. Due to misalignment between the sensitive axes of the accelerometer and imperfect balance between its parameters, the motion of the platform is coupled to the gradiometer output. The motion of the platform is more violent in an aviation environment than in the laboratory by four to six orders of magnitude, and the motion-coupled error emerges as the dominant factor, limiting the resolution of the gradiometer. Therefore, a method of error compensation is needed to subtract the motion-coupled error from the gradiometer output. In this article, we propose a method of error compensation for the SGG. We establish an error model of the Γzz SGG, the recursive least-squares algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters involved in the model, and the estimated motion-coupled error is subsequently generated based on the error model and monitored motion data of the platform. The results of simulations showed that the accuracy of the accelerometers should not exceed 10-6 m/s2/√Hz, while that of angular accelerometers should not exceed 10-6 rad/s2/√Hz in order to compensate output error of SGG to 1 E. We conducted experiments on the SGG to verify the proposed method of error compensation, and the results showed that the residual noise of the gradiometer after error compensation was reduced by one order of magnitude in the range of 0.01-0.1 Hz.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fiber-optic bolometers with high-temperature tolerance and reduced time constants for fusion plasma diagnostics. 用于聚变等离子体诊断的耐高温和降低时间常数的光纤热辐射计。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0273302

Qiwen Sheng, Xiaoli Wang, Musaddeque Syed, Hasanur R Chowdhury, Seungsup Lee, Andrew Dvorak, Morgan W Shafer, Ming Han

{"title":"Fiber-optic bolometers with high-temperature tolerance and reduced time constants for fusion plasma diagnostics.","authors":"Qiwen Sheng, Xiaoli Wang, Musaddeque Syed, Hasanur R Chowdhury, Seungsup Lee, Andrew Dvorak, Morgan W Shafer, Ming Han","doi":"10.1063/5.0273302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273302","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber-optic bolometers (FOBs) designed for plasma radiation measurement in magnetically confined fusion environments have been previously developed and tested at the DIII-D tokamak. These FOBs utilize a silicon Fabry-Perot interferometer at the fiber tip for temperature measurement and a gold disk as a radiation absorber. This paper presents recent advancements in the development of FOBs with reduced cooling time constants and enhanced temperature tolerance. We also demonstrate high-temperature operation and report findings from irradiation tests. By incorporating a copper sensor holder as a thermal sink and integrating two closely packed sensor heads into a compact design, the cooling time constants were reduced to ∼100 ms in vacuum, while minimizing uncertainties caused by temperature gradients. The FOBs were subjected to heating at 400 °C for five hours, with no observed degradation in noise performance post-heating. High-temperature operation tests were conducted at ∼220 °C using a 404 nm square-wave modulated laser to simulate the plasma radiation. In addition, four FOBs constructed from copper-coated pure-silica fibers were fabricated and underwent irradiation testing, enduring a total γ-radiation dose of 15.2 MGy and a neutron fluence of 1.6 × 1018 n/cm2. The FOBs maintained their physical integrity and the optical signal shows high visibility throughout the test.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A simple magnetic field stabilization technique for atomic Bose-Einstein condensate experiments. 原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚实验中一种简单的磁场稳定技术。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0258855

S Tiengo, R Eid, M Apfel, G Brulin, T Bourdel

引用次数: 0