Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第8页

Development and characterization of a laser-gated, high resolution x-ray radiography platform for high energy density experiments using toroidally bent crystals. 利用环形弯曲晶体进行高能量密度实验的激光门控、高分辨率x射线成像平台的开发与表征。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0252071

T Ebert, G N Hall, A Do, N Izumi, J Chopra, G N Mellos, S R Nagel, D Bradley, S Prisbrey

{"title":"Development and characterization of a laser-gated, high resolution x-ray radiography platform for high energy density experiments using toroidally bent crystals.","authors":"T Ebert, G N Hall, A Do, N Izumi, J Chopra, G N Mellos, S R Nagel, D Bradley, S Prisbrey","doi":"10.1063/5.0252071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252071","url":null,"abstract":"Bent crystal x-ray imagers are a well-established diagnostic tool to study high energy density (HED) objects by acquiring two-dimensional x-ray radiographs. Often, studying these HED objects requires very high spatial resolution, which is limited by astigmatism when using spherically bent crystals. By using toroidal-shaped crystals instead, astigmatism can be reduced and the overall spatial resolution of the instrument improved. Here, the development and characterization of a laser-gated x-ray radiography platform at the National Ignition Facility using a toroidal crystal is presented. This includes measurements of the spatial and temporal profile, which is determined by the x-ray source. To properly validate the reduced astigmatism, a new multi-plane grid approach was implemented, which, for the first time, allows a depth of field measurement, alignment verification and x-ray source size estimate in a single shot, demonstrating the current platform's capability to provide sub-10 μm resolution over a 0.9 mm depth of field with a temporal resolution of 110 ps.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal tapering in gas jets for increased efficiency of 10-GeV class laser plasma accelerators. 用于提高10-GeV级激光等离子体加速器效率的气体射流纵向变细。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0250698

R Li, A Picksley, C Benedetti, F Filippi, J Stackhouse, L Fan-Chiang, H E Tsai, K Nakamura, C B Schroeder, J van Tilborg, E Esarey, C G R Geddes, A J Gonsalves

引用次数: 0

Calibration-free, high-sensitivity CO2 sensor based on cavity ringdown spectroscopy for real-time seed respiration monitoring. 基于腔衰荡光谱的免校准高灵敏度CO2传感器，用于实时监测种子呼吸。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0248875

Haokai Li, Kangjie Yuan, Yueting Zhou, Ting Gong, Yali Tian, Xiaocong Sun, Guqing Guo, Xuanbing Qiu, Chuanliang Li

引用次数: 0

Controlled partial gravity platform for milligravity in drop tower experiments. 失重塔式实验中可控部分重力平台。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0233405

Kolja Joeris, Matthias Keulen, Jonathan E Kollmer

{"title":"Controlled partial gravity platform for milligravity in drop tower experiments.","authors":"Kolja Joeris, Matthias Keulen, Jonathan E Kollmer","doi":"10.1063/5.0233405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0233405","url":null,"abstract":"We detail a platform for partial gravity environment and an experiment for simulated impacts on asteroid surfaces based on it. The partial gravity environment is created by a two stage approach: First, we place the experiment in the microgravity of a free-falling drop tower capsule in the ZARM (German acronym for Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity) Bremen drop tower. Second, we convert microgravity to partial gravity by steady acceleration of the experiment volume on a linear drive inside the microgravity environment. The experiment that we conducted on this platform simulates low-velocity impacts into a simulated asteroid surface. To recreate the asteroid environment, in addition to the partial gravity, a vacuum chamber is used. The motivation behind those experiments is to examine granular interactions in the cohesion dominated regime. For example, we show with this new experiment platform that in low velocity impacts, the interparticle cohesion increases the surface elasticity. This increased elasticity in turn constrains the size sorting mechanism suggested by Shinbrot et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 111101 (2017)]. We explain requirements, setup, and operation of the partial gravity platform and experiment and discuss its performance. Finally, we are open for requests for external experiments, which might benefit from our platform with 9.3 s of controlled partial gravity down to the mm/s2 range with low g-jitter.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High spatial resolution infrared measurement method for transient temperature field based on 3D-SwinIR super-resolutions. 基于3D-SwinIR超分辨率的瞬态温度场高空间分辨率红外测量方法。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0248652

Zihao Huang, Yirui Shen, Mingxuan Zhou, Manxi Chen, Heng Yang, Shuang Li, Hao-Sen Chen

{"title":"High spatial resolution infrared measurement method for transient temperature field based on 3D-SwinIR super-resolutions.","authors":"Zihao Huang, Yirui Shen, Mingxuan Zhou, Manxi Chen, Heng Yang, Shuang Li, Hao-Sen Chen","doi":"10.1063/5.0248652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248652","url":null,"abstract":"It is crucial to study the dynamic failure of materials because such failures occur widely in the fields of mechanics and earthquakes. However, capturing high-speed, high-resolution measurements of adiabatic shear bands temperature field during dynamic failure presents significant challenges. In this study, the spatial resolution of transient temperature field measurement was improved based on the self-developed high-speed infrared detector system combined with a novel multi-frame super-resolution method (3D-SwinIR). The super-resolution method employs 3D convolutional blocks and the Swin Transformer to effectively extract both shallow and deep features from multi-frame images, achieving high-quality super-resolution of high-speed infrared images. The effectiveness of the multi-frame super-resolution method was evaluated by a single structure measurement experiment, which indicated that spatial resolution has increased by 37%. An experiment was conducted on hat-shaped specimens using 3D-SwinIR for dynamic loading temperature measurement. The measurement errors for the peak and width of the temperature field were reduced by 51% and 33%, respectively. 3D-SwinIR provided a high spatial resolution measurement method for studying the dynamic thermal response of materials.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reverse-fly computer simulations of the new ion-electron spectrometer (NIES). 新型离子电子能谱仪（NIES）的反飞计算机模拟。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0248945

Roman G Gomez, David T Young

{"title":"Reverse-fly computer simulations of the new ion-electron spectrometer (NIES).","authors":"Roman G Gomez, David T Young","doi":"10.1063/5.0248945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248945","url":null,"abstract":"We present the transmission characteristics of the New Ion Electron Sensor (NIES) based on a computer simulation technique that influenced the design and testing of two instruments: the Space Weather Follow-on at L1 Solar Wind Plasma Sensor (SWFO-L1 SWiPS) and the Lunar Vertex Magnetic Anomaly Plasma Spectrometer. The instrument described here builds on the ion-electron spectrometer flown on the Rosetta mission. NIES uses electrostatic deflection to increase its angular look direction on a three-axis stabilized spacecraft. Electrostatic elements used to deflect charged particles into the instrument radically change their transmission envelope and phase space coverage. This work presents the modeled transmission response and compares it to the laboratory calibration results of the SWiPS instrument. The \"reverse-fly\" technique models instrument response starting at the detector, including post-analyzer acceleration potentials. Simulations conducted in this manner yield improved evaluation of instrument transmission with significantly better performance compared to forward-fly methods, with the reverse-fly almost seven times more efficient in time and transmission. In addition, transmitted particle characteristics collected at one energy can be rapidly scaled to investigate transmission at different energies or due to variations in instrument operation, including deflection and ion species-specific radio frequency attenuation.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupling a gas gun with an X-pinch x-ray source to perform x-ray diffraction under shock loading. 将气枪与x-夹紧x射线源耦合，在冲击载荷下进行x射线衍射。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0245052

C Chauvin, D Palma de Barros, A Delaunay, T De Rességuier

{"title":"Coupling a gas gun with an X-pinch x-ray source to perform x-ray diffraction under shock loading.","authors":"C Chauvin, D Palma de Barros, A Delaunay, T De Rességuier","doi":"10.1063/5.0245052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245052","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray diffraction is an appropriate technique to probe crystalline materials and better understand their response under shock loading, particularly when they experience phase transition. This technique was already used at various large-scale facilities. Here, we present an alternative way to perform x-ray diffraction under shock loading at the laboratory scale by coupling an X-pinch x-ray generator with a single stage gas gun. This x-ray source is capable of generating a single polychromatic x-ray flash shorter than 100 ns. Preliminary static diffraction tests gave promising results, and then, an experimental apparatus was set up to perform in situ x-ray diffraction in a shock-loaded material. X-ray diffraction is performed in reflection at the interface between the studied sample and an anvil window to ensure a homogeneous pressure state within the probed region. A specific target configuration was designed to synchronize the x-ray emission with the temporary shocked state. The synchronization is achieved by the use of a trigger chain whose adjustable delay is chosen prior to the experiment based on the expected travel time of the shock wave throughout the target. The technique was successfully used to investigate the solid-solid phase transition of tin between β and γ phases. Results indicate a satisfying synchronization between the shock wave arrival and the x-ray emission. Diffractograms under shock loading show a disappearance of the static ambient figure (parent phase) and the development of a new diffraction pattern (daughter phase).","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and development of a novel device to identify the individual concentration of NO and NO2 in a gas mixture. 一种新型装置的设计和开发，用于识别气体混合物中NO和NO2的单个浓度。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0245623

Md Abu Sayeed Sujan, Suman Chatterjee

{"title":"Design and development of a novel device to identify the individual concentration of NO and NO2 in a gas mixture.","authors":"Md Abu Sayeed Sujan, Suman Chatterjee","doi":"10.1063/5.0245623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245623","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the performance of advanced potentiometric sensors utilizing yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates coated with lanthanum copper oxide (La2CuO4) or tungsten oxide (WO3) for the selective detection of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2). The sensors were systematically evaluated at operating temperatures of 550, 600, and 650 °C. The results indicate that sensitivity to NO2 significantly increases at higher temperatures, while the response to NO is more pronounced at lower temperatures. This behavior is attributed to the catalytic conversion of NO to NO2 and vice versa, enhanced by a porous platinum (Pt) layer applied to the sensing elements. A robust linear relationship between generated potential and gas concentrations was established, allowing for accurate estimation of unknown concentrations of NO and NO2 in mixed gas environments. In addition, the study highlights the importance of temperature in optimizing sensor performance and demonstrates the potential application of these sensors in environmental monitoring and regulatory compliance. The findings contribute insights into designing efficient gas sensing technologies aimed at improving air quality management strategies globally.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical calculation method for the probability of target damage caused by fragment swarm under random retention time series. 随机滞留时间序列下碎片群造成目标损伤概率的数值计算方法。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0226652

Jingyun Xue, Hanshan Li, Jingxin Chen, Xuebin Liu

{"title":"Numerical calculation method for the probability of target damage caused by fragment swarm under random retention time series.","authors":"Jingyun Xue, Hanshan Li, Jingxin Chen, Xuebin Liu","doi":"10.1063/5.0226652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0226652","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the issue of uncertainty in calculating the damage effectiveness of aerial maneuvering targets due to the random intersection with warhead fragment clusters formed by projectile proximity explosions, this paper puts forward a numerical calculation method of the aerial maneuvering target damage probability under the intersection between the warhead fragment group and the target with random dwell time sequence (RDTS) characteristics. Leveraging the random scattering characteristics of warhead fragment clusters and incorporating the vulnerability characteristics of the aerial maneuvering target, a model for calculating the probability of hitting and damaging an aerial maneuvering target with a warhead fragment cluster from a single projectile's explosive is established. Factors related to the random dwell time of the target possibly falling into the effective damage area of the warhead fragment cluster from the projectile's proximity explosion are introduced, resulting in the development of a model for calculating the damage probability of an aerial maneuvering target under RDTS. In addition, we provide a mathematical description of the statistical characteristics of the probability of damage. Through simulation and example calculation and analysis, the results demonstrate that this method can accurately reflect the actual damage effectiveness of warhead fragment clusters formed by projectile proximity explosion on the aerial maneuvering target in a random scattering state, offering a novel theoretical approach for calculating the damage effectiveness of highly maneuverable targets in the future.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An improved technique based on discrete Fourier transform for demodulating the plasma-induced phase shift in a dispersion interferometer. 基于离散傅里叶变换的色散干涉仪等离子体相移解调改进技术。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0242252

A D Khilchenko, A N Kvashnin, E I Soldatkina, V V Prikhodko, S V Ivanenko, V B Minaev

{"title":"An improved technique based on discrete Fourier transform for demodulating the plasma-induced phase shift in a dispersion interferometer.","authors":"A D Khilchenko, A N Kvashnin, E I Soldatkina, V V Prikhodko, S V Ivanenko, V B Minaev","doi":"10.1063/5.0242252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0242252","url":null,"abstract":"This article announces a technique for detecting plasma-induced phase shifts in a dispersion interferometer (DI) with artificial modulation of probing radiation, based on the use of a sliding discrete Fourier transform with periodic correction of the results of calculations and procedures for suppressing leaks in the frequency domain by window functions. Within the framework of this technology, the results of measurements of CO2 laser-based DI are formed with a maximum differential deviation of <2° at a rate of phase shift variation on 45° (about 1019 m-2) during the period of the modulating signal. As the rate of phase shift decreases, the magnitude of the differential deviation decreases proportionally, at a level commensurate with the measurement error caused by the noise component of the photodetector signal (∼1016 m-2). The feature of the considered technique is the improved accuracy at the cost of twice reduced the time resolution. The hardware implementation of the phase shift calculation with ADC sampling rate instead of modulating frequency is proposed.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":"96 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0