Review of Scientific Instruments最新文献_第8页

Design and application of a high-precision counterweighted self-calibrating surface thermometer. 高精度配重自校准表面温度计的设计与应用。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0225510

Daidong Chen, Sijun Huang, Xianjie Liu, Qiuquan Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Li Feng

{"title":"Design and application of a high-precision counterweighted self-calibrating surface thermometer.","authors":"Daidong Chen, Sijun Huang, Xianjie Liu, Qiuquan Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Li Feng","doi":"10.1063/5.0225510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0225510","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a high-precision counterweight self-calibrating surface thermometer is designed to reduce human and environmental influences on a thermocouple surface thermometer during measuring. A self-weighted spring structure based on a copper substrate is designed to ensure perfect contact between the surface thermometer and the temperature source. In conjunction, a wind guard is coupled with insulating materials to optimize the thermal exchange of the surface thermometer. Subsequently, the maximum error is reduced to ±1.5 °C by system hardware optimization. However, hardware calibration alone is insufficient. Furthermore, a back propagation neural network is employed to calibrate the surface thermometer. Temperature sensor data are collected under various surface source temperatures and airflow velocities to train the neural network. Hence, the effectiveness of the proposed Gaussian function in enhancing the measurement accuracy of the surface temperature sensor is demonstrated. The results show higher stability and repeatability in temperature measurement than thermocouple-based surface thermometers. The proposed thermometer exhibits robustness against environmental and operational variability with a maximum indication error of -0.2 °C. In contrast, the maximum error of the surface thermometer is between -2.8 and -6.8 °C. Regarding repeatability, the standard deviation with the proposed device is 0.2%, highlighting its accuracy and consistency of performance. These results can mostly be attributed to the synergistic effect of clever mechanical design and software optimization, resulting in a surface thermometer with outstanding accuracy and repeatability.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristic investigation of digital control four quadrant electro-hydrostatic actuator with separated hydraulic motor. 带分离式液压马达的数字控制四象限静电执行器的特性研究。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0214168

Xiaoming Chen, Yuchuan Zhu, Jie Ling, Mingming Zhang

{"title":"Characteristic investigation of digital control four quadrant electro-hydrostatic actuator with separated hydraulic motor.","authors":"Xiaoming Chen, Yuchuan Zhu, Jie Ling, Mingming Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0214168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0214168","url":null,"abstract":"The asymmetric electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is a promising distributed hydraulic actuation solution for the more-electric aircraft (MEA). However, the flow asymmetry is a common problem causing the poor position control accuracy and dynamics of EHA. To achieve good flow control in all quadrants and save energy in the assistive quadrants, a digital control four quadrant electro-hydrostatic actuator with a separated hydraulic motor using a novel four-quadrant division principle was proposed in this article. The theoretical model of the proposed EHA has been developed in MATLAB/Simulink and validated in the experiments. The theoretical results indicated that the increased external force allows the proposed EHA to have a constantly and partly linearly and varied motion velocity of the cylinder piston in the resistive and assistive quadrants, and the latter is determined by the specific external forces of 0.5 and 2.8 kN, respectively, in the extension and retraction quadrants. Compared with EHA without SHM, in the second and fourth quadrants, the energy dissipation is reduced by 104% and 36.7%, respectively, while the motion velocity of the cylinder piston is reduced by 12.9% and 25.6%, respectively. The theoretical and experimental results indicated that the proposed four quadrants division method effectively corrects the misjudgment of quadrants by using the existing four quadrants division method under the lower external force.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An automatic variable laser power attenuator for continuous-wave quantum cascade lasers in cryogenic ion vibrational predissociation spectroscopy. 用于低温离子振动前解离光谱连续波量子级联激光器的自动可变激光功率衰减器。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189140

Vladimir Gorbachev, Larisa Miloglyadova, Peter Chen

{"title":"An automatic variable laser power attenuator for continuous-wave quantum cascade lasers in cryogenic ion vibrational predissociation spectroscopy.","authors":"Vladimir Gorbachev, Larisa Miloglyadova, Peter Chen","doi":"10.1063/5.0189140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0189140","url":null,"abstract":"Cryogenic ion vibrational predissociation (CIVP) spectroscopy is an established and valuable technique for molecular elucidation in the gas phase. CIVP relies on tunable lasers, wherein among typical laser schemes, the application of mid-infrared continuous-wave quantum cascade laser (cw-QCL) is the most robust and elegant solution, as we have recently demonstrated. However, potential challenges arise from an inhomogeneous character across laser power tuning curves. A large laser power output could have undesired consequences, such as multiphoton absorption or saturation effects. Significant variations in laser power tuning curves could potentially alter the shape of the investigated band, particularly for diffuse bands. In this study, we have developed and introduced an automatic variable laser power attenuator designed to keep the laser power output uniform at a user-defined value across the entire available spectral range. We demonstrated the application of this attenuator in obtaining CIVP spectra of a model compound with a diffuse N-H-N band. This approach enhances the reliability of measuring diffuse bands and overall applicability of cw-QCL.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement of Thomson-scattering spectra with continuous angular resolution (invited). 以连续角度分辨率测量汤姆逊散射光谱（特邀）。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219182

J Katz, R Boni, A L Milder, D Nelson, K Daub, D H Froula

{"title":"Measurement of Thomson-scattering spectra with continuous angular resolution (invited).","authors":"J Katz, R Boni, A L Milder, D Nelson, K Daub, D H Froula","doi":"10.1063/5.0219182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219182","url":null,"abstract":"A novel Thomson-scattering diagnostic with continuous angular resolution over a span of 120° was developed for the characterization of plasmas produced at the Omega Laser Facility. Spectrally resolving light scattered from electron plasma wave features as a function of emission angle provides a means to efficiently probe a large range of plasma frequencies and k vectors. Together, these spectra contain critical constraints on the plasma-physics models used to interpret the data and enable experimental measurements of the electron-velocity distribution function over several orders of magnitude without assumptions about its mathematical form. Major components of the instrument include (1) a reflective collection objective that gathers light over a range of 120° × 12°; (2) a spatial-filter image relay for measurement localization; (3) cylindrical optics for producing a line image of the collection aperture; (4) a transmission grating spectrometer; and (5) a time-gated, image-intensified camera. Thomson-scattered light collected from an ∼50 - μm3 volume of plasma is recorded with 0.8-nm spectral and 1° angular resolution. Initial experiments examined the properties of the electron-velocity distribution in gas-jet-produced plasmas in the presence of heating via inverse bremsstrahlung absorption.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SPARC x-ray diagnostics: Technical and functional overview. SPARC X 射线诊断仪：技术和功能概览

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219486

D Vezinet, C J Perks, E Panontin, S Normile, R A Tinguely, J Rice, M Reinke, M Cario, J Raimond, A Hoffmann, E Dubas, A Saltos, R Kennedy

引用次数: 0

A customizable data management framework for high-repetition-rate high-energy-density science. 用于高重复率高能量密度科学的可定制数据管理框架。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218721

M J-E Manuel, A Keller, E Linsenmayer, G W Collins, B Sammuli, M Margo

引用次数: 0

Compact metal nano-powder generator of 273 MW average power and synthesis of copper nano-powder. 平均功率为 273 兆瓦的紧凑型金属纳米粉体发生器和铜纳米粉体的合成。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223103

A K Dubey, R Shukla, K Sagar, P Dey, A Sharma

{"title":"Compact metal nano-powder generator of 273 MW average power and synthesis of copper nano-powder.","authors":"A K Dubey, R Shukla, K Sagar, P Dey, A Sharma","doi":"10.1063/5.0223103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223103","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of metal nanoparticles holds significant promise for various applications ranging from electronics to catalysis. Their high specific surface area makes them more applicable in the form of lubricant and sorbent. Some of the metal nano-powders, such as silver, copper, and zinc, possess anti-microbial properties; hence, they are very useful in medical sciences. This paper presents a novel approach to the design and implementation of a compact metal nano-powder generator of 273 MW average power through the electrical explosion of wire method. The design focuses on achieving the automatic and repetitive operation of a compact metal nano-powder generator and minimizing its geometric inductance to achieve a fast rise time current across the exploding wire load. Copper nano-powder is produced with a copper wire of 450 μm thickness and 30 mm length at charging voltages of 8.5, 9.0, and 9.5 kV and achieving a superheat of 1.75, 1.92, and 2.06, respectively. The synthesis process is characterized by a detailed analysis of the copper nano-powder's structural, morphological, and chemical composition using techniques such as x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The particle size distribution studies are performed by adopting the log-normal probability distribution. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed compact nano-powder generator in producing copper nano-powder with tailored properties suitable for diverse applications.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optically multiplexed neutron time-of-flight technique for inertial confinement fusion. 用于惯性约束聚变的光学复用中子飞行时间技术。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219572

L Tafoya, C Wilde, B Cata, M Freeman, V Geppert-Kleinrath, S Ivancic, J Katz, R McBride, A Sorce, B Stanley, C Danly

{"title":"Optically multiplexed neutron time-of-flight technique for inertial confinement fusion.","authors":"L Tafoya, C Wilde, B Cata, M Freeman, V Geppert-Kleinrath, S Ivancic, J Katz, R McBride, A Sorce, B Stanley, C Danly","doi":"10.1063/5.0219572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219572","url":null,"abstract":"Neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors are crucial in diagnosing the performance of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments, which implode targets of deuterium-tritium fuel to achieve thermonuclear conditions. These detectors utilize the fusion neutron energy spectrum to extract key measurements, including the hotspot ion temperature and fuel areal density. Previous work [Danly et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 94, 043502 (2023)] has demonstrated adding 1D spatial resolution to an nTOF-like detector using a neutron aperture and streak camera to measure the ion temperature profile of an ICF implosion. By contrast, the study presented herein explores modifying the 1D detector to use a fast photomultiplier tube (PMT) to validate the design of a 2D spatially resolved instrument based on reconstruction from 1D profiles. The modification would collect time-of-flight traces from separate scintillators in an imaging array with one PMT using optical fibers of varying lengths to time-multiplex the signals. This technique has been demonstrated in ride-along experiments on the OMEGA laser with 20 fiber-coupled scintillator channels connected to a Photek PMT210. Results provide constraints on the fiber lengths and PMT gating requirements to promote pulse fidelity throughout all channels. Calibration of the detector to fixed nTOFs can provide a preliminary estimate of the instrument response function (IRF), although measurement of the IRF is currently under way. These results suggest that nTOF signals can potentially be time-multiplexed with fibers so long as the design is strategic to mitigate signal-to-noise reduction, modal dispersion, and charge build-up in the PMT, which has implications beyond ion temperature imaging.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and application of pneumatic rehabilitation glove system based on brain-computer interface. 基于脑机接口的气动康复手套系统的设计与应用。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0225972

Cheng Chen, Yize Song, Duoyou Chen, Jiahua Zhu, Huansheng Ning, Ruoxiu Xiao

{"title":"Design and application of pneumatic rehabilitation glove system based on brain-computer interface.","authors":"Cheng Chen, Yize Song, Duoyou Chen, Jiahua Zhu, Huansheng Ning, Ruoxiu Xiao","doi":"10.1063/5.0225972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0225972","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke has been the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. With the innovation of therapeutic schedules, its death rate has decreased significantly but still guides chronic movement disorders. Due to the lack of independent activities and minimum exercise standards, the traditional rehabilitation means of occupational therapy and constraint-induced movement therapy pose challenges in stroke patients with severe impairments. Therefore, specific and effective rehabilitation methods seek innovation. To address the overlooked limitation, we design a pneumatic rehabilitation glove system. Specially, we developed a pneumatic glove, which utilizes ElectroEncephaloGram (EEG) acquisition to gain the EEG signals. A proposed EEGTran model is inserted into the system to distinguish the specific motor imagination behavior, thus, the glove can perform specific activities according to the patient's imagination, facilitating the patients with severe movement disorders and promoting the rehabilitation technology. The experimental results show that the proposed EEGTrans reached an accuracy of 87.3% and outperformed that of competitors. It demonstrates that our pneumatic rehabilitation glove system contributes to the rehabilitation training of stroke patients.","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ex situ calibration of the scattered-light time-history diagnostic on the National Ignition Facility. 在国家点火装置上对散射光时间历史诊断进行现场校准。

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Review of Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218987

S Kostick, T Filkins, M J Rosenberg, J Katz, W Theobald, N Lemos, E Tubman, R Sommers, J E Hernandez, G Swadling, J S Ross, P B Radha, F Grullon, J M Heinmiller, J Fornes, P Hillyard, J McCumber, L Ceurvorst, S P Regan

{"title":"Ex situ calibration of the scattered-light time-history diagnostic on the National Ignition Facility.","authors":"S Kostick, T Filkins, M J Rosenberg, J Katz, W Theobald, N Lemos, E Tubman, R Sommers, J E Hernandez, G Swadling, J S Ross, P B Radha, F Grullon, J M Heinmiller, J Fornes, P Hillyard, J McCumber, L Ceurvorst, S P Regan","doi":"10.1063/5.0218987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0218987","url":null,"abstract":"The scattered-light time-history diagnostic (SLTD) suite measures time-resolved scattered light in three wavelength bands: stimulated Brillouin scattering (350-352 nm), stimulated Raman scattering (430-760 nm), and plasma emission at half the laser frequency (695-735 nm), at 15 locations around the National Ignition Facility (NIF) target chamber. The SLTD, along with the full-aperture backscatter station (FABS), collects scattered light from direct- and indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments. The SLTD calibration was revisited after a discrepancy between FABS and SLTD measurements was observed on NIF polar direct-drive [Skupsky et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 2763 (2004)] experiments. An integrated calibration of the SLTD was performed for the first time, and individual components were also calibrated for the wavelengths of 351, 527, and 532 nm. The optical transmission of the instrument was measured to be (1.12 ± 0.04) × 10-7 and (1.96 ± 0.11) × 10-7 for the wavelengths of 351 and 532 nm, respectively. The revised calibration at 351 nm brings the SLTD measured scattered energy in agreement with the FABS measured scattered energy after additionally accounting for the degradation of an optical element in FABS. This decreased the inferred absorption by 7% for a representative experiment. However, discrepancies remain between FABS and SLTD measurements in the SRS band (532 nm).","PeriodicalId":21111,"journal":{"name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0