Radiation and Environmental Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"Internal dose rate due to intake of uranium and thorium by fish from a dam reservoir associated with a uranium mine in Brazil.","authors":"Wagner de Souza Pereira, Alphonse Kelecom, José Marques Lopes, Maxime Charles-Pierre, Alessander Sá do Carmo, Alexandre Kuster Paiva, Samuel Queiros Pelegrinelli, Wilson Seraine Silva Filho, Lucas Faria Silva, Ademir Xavier da Silva","doi":"10.1007/s00411-023-01051-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-023-01051-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uranium mining can cause environmental impacts on non-human biota around mine sites. Because of this, the reduction in non-human biota exposure becomes an important issue. Environmental radioprotection results from the evolution of human radioprotection; it is based on dose rate to non-human biota and uses, as a biological target, and has harmful effects on populations. In the present study, a flooded impoundment created following dam construction in a uranium mine plant undergoing decommissioning was investigated. Internal dose rates due to activity concentration of natural uranium (U_nat) and ²³²Th in omnivorous, phytophagous, and carnivorous fish species were estimated. Radionuclide activity concentrations were obtained by spectrophotometry with arsenazo III in the visible range. The dose rate contribution of ²³²Th was lower than that of U_nat. There were no differences between the internal dose rates to studied fish species due to ²³²Th, but there were differences for U_nat. A dose rate of 2.30·10^-2 µGy∙d^-1 was found due to the two studied radionuclides. Although this value falls below the benchmark for harmful effects, it is important to acknowledge that the assessment did not account for other critical radionuclides from uranium mining, which also contribute to the internal dose. Moreover, the study did not assess external doses. As a result, the possibility cannot be excluded that dose rates at the study area overcome the established benchmarks for harmful effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"97-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The European intercomparison of in-vivo monitoring laboratories: the EIVIC-2020 project.","authors":"D Franck, O Meisenberg, T Beaumont, W Buchholz, M A López, J F Navarro, B Pérez, K Hürkamp, B Breustedt, F Vanhavere","doi":"10.1007/s00411-024-01060-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-024-01060-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The EIVIC project was launched in 2020, and the main goal was the organisation of a European intercomparison of in-vivo monitoring laboratories dealing with direct measurements of gamma-emitting radionuclides incorporated into the body of exposed workers. This project was organised jointly by members of EURADOS Working Group 7 on internal dosimetry (WG7), the Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS, Germany) and the Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety Institute (IRSN, France). The objective was to assess the implementation of individual-monitoring requirements in EU Member States on the basis of in-vivo measurements and to gain insight into the performance of in-vivo measurements using whole-body counters. In this context, a total of 41 in-vivo monitoring laboratories from 21 countries, together with JRC (EC) and IAEA participated. The results were submitted in terms of activity (Bq) of the radionuclides identified inside phantoms that were circulated to all participants. The measured data were compared with reference activity values to evaluate the corresponding bias according to the standards ISO 28218 and ISO 13528. In general, the results of the different exercises are good, and most facilities are in conformity with the criteria for the bias and z-scores in the ISO standards. Furthermore, information about technical and organisational characteristics of the participating laboratories was collected to test if they had a significant influence on the reported results.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"165-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10920490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb radioactivity levels in local and imported tobacco used in Palestine and Jordan.","authors":"Lilia A Mashal, Fida M Buss, Khalil M Thabayneh","doi":"10.1007/s00411-024-01062-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-024-01062-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the concentrations of ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb in various tobacco samples from Palestine and Jordan. Cigarette smoking is recognized as a significant contributor to the radiation dose received by individuals, primarily due to the elevated levels of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po found in tobacco. The analysis revealed that the average concentrations of ²¹⁰Po in locally sourced tobacco and cigarette samples in Palestine are 16.8 ± 2.3 mBq/g and 18.5 ± 2.0 mBq/g, with a total average of 17.8 ± 7.4 mBq/g (15.5 mBq/cigarette). Similarly, the average concentrations of ²¹⁰Pb in these samples are 18.5 ± 2.6 mBq/g and 20.3 ± 2.2 mBq/g, with a total average of 19.6 ± 8.1 mBq/g (17.0 mBq/cigarette). In Jordan, the average concentrations of ²¹⁰Po in cigarette samples and narghile tobacco are 20.1 ± 2.4 mBq/g and 18.3 ± 4.1 mBq/g, with a total average value of 19.6 ± 9.9 mBq/g (18.0 mBq/cigarette), while the average concentrations of ²¹⁰Pb are 22.2 ± 2.6 mBq/g and 20.2 ± 4.5 mBq/g, with a total average value of 21.6 ± 10.8 mBq/g (19.9 mBq/cigarette). The annual effective doses resulting from inhalation were calculated for smokers of these samples. The findings revealed that the levels of ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb radioactivity in certain investigated samples exceeded the results of studies in many countries of the world. The associated effective doses per year from smoking for all brands products in Palestine range from 34.7 μSv/y to 186.5 μSv/y with an average of 109.5 μSv/y, while in Jordan 54.5 μSv/y to 289.1 μSv/y with an average of 130.9 μSv/y.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"133-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of CBCT radiation doses with conventional radiographs in TMJ imaging using Monte Carlo simulations.","authors":"Yeşim Deniz, Hakan Eren, Rüya Sessiz, Gamze Coşan Ata","doi":"10.1007/s00411-023-01057-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-023-01057-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-dimensional imaging methods are widely used for evaluation of bony changes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Besides, lateral and posterio-anterior TMJ projections in both closed- and open-jaw positions for each temporomandibular joint are used as two-dimensional diagnostic tools. The purpose of the present study was to compare effective and mean organ absorbed doses of plain radiography techniques with those of different modalities of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning of an adult's temporomandibular joint. PCXMC 2.0 software was used to calculate mean organ and effective doses. A NewTom CBCT device (Newtom 5G XL; QR systems; Verona, Italy) was simulated at 360° rotation using a 6 × 6 cm² FOV in standard and high-resolution modes. Lateral and posterio-anterior TMJ plain projections were simulated according to recommendations of the manufacturer of the Planmeca ProMax^® 2D S3 device. Doses for both projections were simulated with Monte Carlo methods and the International Commission on radiological protection adult reference computational phantoms. The highest mean organ absorbed doses occurred in bone surfaces, salivary glands, and skull for posterio-anterior TMJ and lateral TMJ, and for CBCT scanning in all examinations. The effective doses of posterio-anterior and lateral TMJ plain radiographs were found to be higher than those of the Standard Mode-Eco Scan CBCT. Therefore, the lowest effective dose was calculated in Standard Mode-Eco Scan CBCT. It is concluded that NewTom 5G XL Standard Mode-Eco Scan CBCT can be used instead of plain radiographs (lateral and posterio-anterior TMJ) in temporomandibular joint imaging as it allows visualizing the three-dimensional structure of the temporomandibular joint as an advantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139106541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of conventional IMRT and VMAT strategies for postmastectomy radiation therapy after immediate implant-based reconstruction using the new ESTRO-ACROP contouring guidelines.","authors":"Andreyson S Araujo, Rogério M V Silva, Divanizia N Souza","doi":"10.1007/s00411-024-01059-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-024-01059-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the usability of conventional templates based on the new contour guidelines of the European Society of Radiation and Oncology and Advisory Committee in Radiation Oncology Practice (ESTRO-ACROP) for treatment plans of postmastectomy radiotherapy after immediate implant-based reconstruction. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans generated with two different treatment planning systems (TPSs, Eclipse and Monaco) were examined. Six computed tomography scans of patients aged 35-54 years were retrospectively analysed who had undergone mastectomy and breast reconstruction using silicone implants after being diagnosed with left breast cancer. Six radiation oncologists participated in this study, and each of them contoured the target volume of one left breast using conventional contour (CTV-CONV) and new contour (CTV-ESTRO) methods. This study showed that compared with CTV-CONV, using CTV-ESTRO with objectives and cost functions similar to those of TPSs worsened the target volume coverage and increased the total number of monitor units. Considering the organs at risk, CTV-ESTRO tended to increase the mean dose delivered to the contralateral lung. It is concluded that the approach used for the new ESTRO-ACROP contour method cannot be applied in a manner similar to that for the conventional breast contour method, implying that the new ESTRO-ACROP contour method may require more time for improving plans for a given treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"59-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of neutron cross-section resonances on organ/tissue equivalent and effective dose coefficients for the ICRP voxel phantoms.","authors":"Mauritius M Hiller, Ken G Veinot, Nolan E Hertel","doi":"10.1007/s00411-023-01058-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-023-01058-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The materials which compose the ICRP Voxel phantoms used in the computation of conversion coefficients involve neutron interaction cross-sections that have resonances at specific energies. Depending on the energy bin structure used in the computations, these cross-section resonances may occur at energies that fall between energies at which dose coefficients are computed, thus their effects may not be completely accounted for in the reported coefficients. In the present study, a highly refined energy grid that closely follows the resonance structure in the phantom material cross-sections was identified and used to calculate dose coefficients. Both the equivalent organ/tissue doses for male and female voxel phantoms were computed as well as their summation to obtain the effective dose coefficients. The used refined energy grid tracks very closely the cross-sections in the vicinity of the resonances. The resulting refined energy grid coefficients are compared to coefficients for the coarser energy grid used in ICRP Publication 116. Additionally, reference spectra have been folded with both the fine and coarse sets of conversion coefficients. The resulting total effective doses for these reference spectra are used to assess the adequacy of the dose coefficients calculated on the original ICRP 116 energy grid. The dose coefficients were similarly computed for the local skin dose on the trunk of the body using the ICRU Report 95 phantom. The overall impact of the resonances on the organ/tissue equivalent dose, the effective dose, and the local skin dose are presented and discussed. In general, it was found that resonances can impact neutron dose coefficients, but in most cases the wide range of neutron energies encountered minimized this effect. The impact of resonances was further limited when computing effective dose due to organ/tissue summing and sex-averaging. For the neutron fields studied here, the impact was below 5%.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"143-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term retention and distribution of highly enriched uranium in an occupationally exposed female.","authors":"Sergey Y Tolmachev, Maia Avtandilashvili","doi":"10.1007/s00411-023-01053-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-023-01053-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries' (USTUR) female whole body tissue donor studied here was occupationally exposed to highly enriched uranium for 17 years. One hundred and twenty-nine tissue samples were collected at the time of death, 31 years post-exposure. These samples were radiochemically analyzed for uranium. The highest uranium concentration of 16.5 ± 2.0 µg kg^-1 was measured in the lungs, and the lowest concentration of 0.11 ± 0.01 µg kg^-1 in the liver. The thyroid had the highest concentration of 6.3 ± 2.9 µg kg^-1 among systemic tissues. Mass-weighted average concentration in the entire skeleton was estimated to be 1.60 ± 0.19 µg kg^-1. In the skeleton, uranium was non-uniformly distributed among different bones. Thirty-one years after the intake, approximately 40% of occupational uranium was still retained in the skeleton, followed by the kidneys (~ 30%), and the brain and liver (~ 10%). Systemic uranium was equally distributed between the skeleton and soft tissues. Uranium content in systemic organs followed the pattern: skeleton >  > brain ≈ kidneys > heart ≈ liver > thyroid ≈ spleen. Uranium distribution in this female was compared to previously published USTUR data for male tissue donors. It is concluded that no difference in uranium systemic distribution was observed between female and male individuals. It is demonstrated that dose assessment based on the current ICRP biokinetic model overestimated the dose to the brain by 20%.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"109-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of central nervous system tumour incidence in a cohort of workers chronically exposed to ionising radiation.","authors":"Maria B Moseeva, Tamara V Azizova, Maria V Bannikova","doi":"10.1007/s00411-023-01054-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-023-01054-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to assess the risk of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumour incidence in a cohort of 22,377 Mayak Production Association workers chronically exposed to ionising radiation. There were 96 primary CNS tumours, including 42 cases of glioma and 44 cases of meningioma, registered during the whole follow-up period (1948-2018). The study demonstrated that the risk of primary CNS tumour incidence was associated with sex, attained age, calendar period, tall body height, age at the beginning of exposure, and facility type. There was no association found between risk of CNS tumour incidence and body mass index, smoking (males) and alcohol consumption status. The study did not find an effect of the total external gamma radiation dose absorbed in the brain on risk of CNS tumour incidence irrespective of whether an adjustment for the total external neutron dose absorbed in the brain was included or not. Excess relative risk per 1 Gy of external gamma brain dose was 0.05 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.30; 0.70) for all CNS tumours, -0.18 (95% CI -; 0.44) for gliomas, and 0.38 (95% CI -0.32; 2.08) for meningiomas without adjustment for total neutron brain dose. There was no effect modification by sex, attained age, age at hire or facility.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139425336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Putting radioactive materials on the sustainability agenda: a report from a workshop on the sustainability of human-made radioactive materials held at the safeND Research Symposium 2023","authors":"Fanny Böse, Alexander Wimmers, Julia Neugebauer, Theresa Lösel, Timo Hermes, Jasmin Beppler, Marie-Sophie Nickel, Pauline Morawe, Maximilian Weber, Christian von Hirschhausen","doi":"10.1007/s00411-024-01061-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-024-01061-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This report summarizes the findings of a workshop held at the safeND Research Symposium and hosted by the German Federal Office for the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management (BASE) in Berlin in September 2023. The workshop aimed to channel perspectives from various fields of expertise to discuss key sustainability concepts in terms of radioactive waste management. Therefore, the report highlights that current sustainability concepts, such as the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) as well as the concept of Planetary Boundaries, neglect challenges arising from the production and storage of human-made radioactive materials. The workshop consisted of three group tasks. The first attempted at identifying the interrelations between “sustainability” and radioactive waste management. The second was to map the global nature of the challenges. The third took first steps to determine a human-made radioactive material as a potential planetary sub-boundary for “novel entities”. All three groups identified valuable knowledge gaps that should be addressed by future research and concluded that radioactive waste management is underrepresented in these sustainability concepts.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139760504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forty-eight-year follow-up of a female worker exposed to highly enriched uranium via chronic and acute inhalation","authors":"Maia Avtandilashvili, Sergey Y. Tolmachev","doi":"10.1007/s00411-023-01055-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-023-01055-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries (USTUR) is a unique resource of data and materials for studying biokinetics of uranium in the human body. In this study, bioassay data and post-mortem organ activities from a female whole-body USTUR donor who was exposed to highly enriched uranium were analyzed using the IMBA Professional Plus® software to derive the best estimate of the total intake. The resulting radiation doses delivered to this individual’s whole body and major target organs were calculated from estimated intake based on case-specific dose coefficients derived using the AIDE® software. Both intake and dose calculations were carried out using the biokinetic and dosimetric models recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in its Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides publication series. Different exposure scenarios including chronic and acute inhalation intakes were tested. A combination of a chronic inhalation intake and two acute inhalation intakes appears to best describe the bioassay data. To fit this female individual’s autopsy data, the transfer rate from the liver to the blood was increased by a factor of 8 and the transfer rate from the kidneys to the blood was decreased by a factor of 2.2. This resulted in the best fit to all data (<i>p</i> = 0.519). The total intake was estimated to be 44.1 kBq, and the committed effective dose was 211 mSv with 96.8% contributed by ²³⁴U. 96.6% of the committed effective dose was contributed by the lungs. The remaining 3.4% of the committed effective dose was contributed by all systemic tissues and organs with the highest contribution (0.40%) from the red bone marrow. It is concluded that the current ICRP models, with the adjustment for smoking status, adequately describe uranium biokinetics for this individual except retention in the liver and kidneys. However, this study was based on a single case and may not be sufficient to identify any apparent sex-specific differences in uranium biokinetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}