Radiation and Environmental Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"Transfer of sediment-derived carbon into aquatic plants for ¹⁴C biosphere assessment.","authors":"Soroush Majlesi, Safi Ullah, Zahra Shirani, Jukka Pumpanen, Susanna Salminen-Paatero, Jarkko Akkanen, Ari T K Ikonen","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01199-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01199-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the released radionuclides from nuclear power plants and radioactive waste repositories, ¹⁴C is of great importance. Continuous discharges of ¹⁴C from nuclear industries, the risk of uncontrolled releases, and possible leaking from facilities may cause a threat to the biosphere. Because of high mobility and a long half-life of ¹⁴C, it has great potential to be released into aquatic ecosystems and to be assimilated by aquatic plants. However, the amount of ¹⁴C incorporated into organic matter and hydrophytes is largely unknown. In this study, the uptake of carbon from sediment into aquatic plants was investigated in a microcosm experiment. The study was carried out based on the natural difference in the isotopic signature of ¹⁴C between the 8000-year-old peat and more enriched sources (water and atmosphere). The two-pool isotope mixing model was applied to determine the relative contribution of each source (sediment vs. air/water) to the hydrophytes. The results indicated the highest contribution of sediment-derived carbon to the free-floating Lemna minor (up to 60%), followed by submerged Littorella uniflora (15-17%) and the emergent species, Stachys palustris and Lysimachia nummularia (up to 10%). Despite the contribution of sediment-derived C to their C source, the hydrophytes incorporated less than 2% of their total C from sediment. The results also indicated the importance of floating plants in more efficient uptake of sediment-derived C available in water column or the air. Furthermore, no significant difference was found in the transfer of sediment-derived C between the roots and the leaves within the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"561-575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing pelvic and lumbar treatment metastases using multiple isocenters with VMAT on the halcyon 2.0.","authors":"Kaoutar El Bouchti, Morad Erraoudi, Oussama Nhila, Mohammed El Ghalmi, Mohammed Talbi, Fadwa Fathi, El Mahjoub Chakir","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01188-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01188-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone metastases are a major clinical problem, mainly in breast and prostate cancers, which comprise the majority of cancer cases. With technological advances that improve precision and efficacy, radiotherapy is an essential palliative solution. In this study, two radiotherapy planning techniques were evaluated, the longitudinal isocenter (LONI), and the three-isocenters (3ISO) that combine the lateral isocenters for pelvis and longitudinal isocenters for lumbar metastases, using the Halcyon^TM2.0 machine with the volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique. Dosimetric parameters such as conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), (dose coverage (D_95%), dose max (D_MAX), monitor units (MUs), and conformation number (CN) were analyzed. No significant difference in dose conformity between the two studied techniques was observed. However, remarkable results in terms of dose homogeneity were achieved in the application of the 3ISO modality, with an improvement of 42.8%. Additionally, D_95% for 3ISO was 96.26% against 92.71% for LONI. Regarding CN, which considers both dose coverage and healthy tissue optimization, 3ISO technique resulted in an improvement of 12.3%. It is noted, however, that 3ISO requires more time and accurate patient positioning to guarantee optimal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"449-459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicenter quantitative evaluation of Organ-specific radiation doses in head and neck CT: A dosimetric assessment using the Alderson Rando phantom.","authors":"Fahrettin Fatih Kesmezacar, Osman Günay, Duygu Tunçman Kayaokay, Nami Yeyin, Ali Demirci, Songül Çavdar Karaçam, Didem Çolpan Öksüz, Mustafa Demir, Ghada ALMisned, Teoman Karadağ, Bashar Issa, H O Tekin","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01176-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01176-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This multicentre phantom-based study aimed to quantitatively assess organ-specific radiation doses during head and neck CT imaging using four CT scanner models: Siemens Somatom Definition AS+, Philips Ingenuity, and two Philips Incisive CT units. Thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) were placed at 16 anatomically significant locations within an Alderson Rando® phantom to simulate realistic patient exposures. The highest absorbed dose was consistently measured in the superficial thyroid gland, reaching up to 30.41 ± 2.7 mSv, followed by the parotid glands, corneas, and spinal cord (C1-C2). Notable differences were found among scanners, with the Philips Incisive units generally delivering higher doses to superficial structures, despite harmonized scanning protocols. CTDIw values reported by the scanners deviated by less than 10% from TLD-based measurements, confirming system calibration accuracy. It can be concluded that device-specific optimization and ongoing dose audits are essential to ensure consistent patient safety and minimize radiation exposure during head and neck CT procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"411-421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145638013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memantine mitigates radiation-induced cognitive impairment by modulating AKT/GSK3β signaling.","authors":"Hao Fu, Jundong Feng, Xiaohong Zhang, Liuxin Tian, Simin Sun, Hongyu Bo, Chengyu He, Xu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01200-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01200-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Memantine hydrochloride (MH), primarily employed in the clinical treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has been reported to exert beneficial effects on radiation-induced cognitive impairment; however, its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, a mouse model of radiation-induced injury was established. ICR(Institute of Cancer Research) mice were divided into six groups: control, 8 Gy irradiation, prophylactic 20 mg/kg + 8 Gy, prophylactic 40 mg/kg + 8 Gy, post-irradiation 8 Gy + 20 mg/kg, and post-irradiation 8 Gy + 40 mg/kg. Behavioral assessments indicated that ionizing radiation induced spatial cognitive deficits, which were ameliorated by MH administration. Morphological analyses revealed neuronal damage, synaptic injury, and demyelination in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) region, which were markedly attenuated following MH treatment. Western blot analysis demonstrated that radiation upregulated dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and β-arrestin 2 expression, suppressed PP2A expression, promoted AKT dephosphorylation, and led to GSK3β overactivation, along with increased expression of MBP and PLP1—potential mechanisms underlying radiation-induced cognitive impairment. MH administration downregulated D2R and β-arrestin 2, enhanced PP2A-AKT interaction, reduced GSK3β activity, and upregulated MBP and PLP1 expression. Notably, prophylactic administration conferred greater neuroprotection than post-irradiation treatment. These findings provide preliminary insight into the protective mechanisms of MH against radiation-induced cognitive impairment and offer a basis for future studies in radiation neuroprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"257-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Southern ural studies and their input to the work of ICRP.","authors":"A Ulanowski, D Laurier, O German","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01202-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01202-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the late 1940s, the Southern Urals region in the Russian Federation hosts nuclear facilities, which operations provided substantial amount of information on impact of occupational and public exposures to ionising radiation. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recognises the joint Russia-USA radiation studies in the Southern Urals as globally significant contributions to the science of radiological protection and systematically uses their outcomes in the work of the ICRP Committees 1 and 2. For the ICRP Committee 1, results of the studies contribute to improved understanding of biological mechanisms of radiation effects and help modelling radiation-attributed health risks. For the ICRP Committee 2, the studies provide valuable data for development and validation of dose assessment methods and reference data. Together, the Southern Urals radiation studies help to develop and validate evidence-based scientific recommendations, thus supporting the continuing advancement of the radiological protection practice worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards harmonized global approaches to NORM regulation: review of practices and policy perspectives.","authors":"Gopal P Verma, Aditi C Patra, K A Dubey, S K Jha, D K Aswal","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01209-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01209-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to natural radioactive sources, particularly those involving Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM), poses a significant concern for policymakers, the public, industry, and researchers worldwide. As human dependence on NORM-related mineral industries grows, achieving a harmonized approach to managing NORM exposure becomes increasingly crucial, especially given the large-scale international trade of minerals and raw materials. A unified international approach (like IAEA guidance or HERCA’s, 2021 recommendations) would not only enhance safety but also support smoother global trade and resource sustainability. This paper addresses the inconsistencies in current global regulations governing radiological risks to the public and the environment. It examines the various approaches adopted by national and international regulatory bodies and identifies the inconsistencies that hinder progress toward global harmonization. These regulatory discrepancies create uncertainty for industries and disrupt the free trade of NORM-related minerals. The paper also discusses how the development of standards and regulations heavily relies on dose modelling assessments, particularly where facility-specific data is lacking for NORM industries outside the nuclear sector. This analysis highlights the current regulatory landscape in the mineral processing industry and its impact on public exposure to NORM.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal regulatory frameworks of radon spas in central Europe.","authors":"Peter Mihók, Katarína Liptáková","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01203-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01203-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study synthesises publicly available information on legal regulatory frameworks that explicitly or implicitly govern radon spa designation and/or identification in six Central European countries: Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. Employing analytical and comparative methods in Social Sciences and Humanities research, this study examines official documents, legal norms, and academic literature to address gaps in understanding radon spa regulation within, and partially beyond, the context of the RadoNorm project. Findings reveal substantial disparities in legally established thresholds distinguishing medicinal and non-medicinal bathing waters based on radon concentrations, ranging from as little as 74 Bq/L in Poland (and potentially only 37 Bq/L in Hungary) to as high as 1,500 Bq/L in the Czech Republic, with intermediate values of 370 Bq/L in Austria and 666 Bq/L in Germany and Slovakia. These pronounced differences present significant challenges for cross-national comparative research and broader conceptualisation efforts concerning radon spa academic definitions. As an incidental finding, this study also identifies varying approaches to workplace safety regulations for spa employees, with Austria and Germany following one approach and the Czech Republic another. Overall, the study contributes to the dissemination of RadoNorm project findings concerning the complexity of the so-called ‘radon spa controversy’, in which radon is framed negatively in public health discourse regarding indoor exposure, yet positively in spa treatment contexts. The findings emphasise the need for interdisciplinary research covering comprehensive medical evidence to understand the rationale behind the divergent regulatory frameworks identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"147-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect and results of glutamine and partially hydrolyzed Guar gum on rats with experimental radiation enteritis.","authors":"Erdi Aydın, Levent Bolat, Murat Aba, Burak Yavuz, Özlem Görüroğlu Öztürk, Kıvılcım Eren Erdoğan, Fundagül Andiç, Ahmet Rencüzoğulları, İsmail Cem Eray","doi":"10.1007/s00411-026-01201-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-026-01201-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of glutamine, partially hydrolyzed guar gum and combined glutamine and partially hydrolyzed guar gum form in rats with experimental radiation enteritis by histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical measurements. 64 Wistar albino rats with an average weight of 220-280 g were used in the study. 1st group only took water, 2nd group only took glutamine, 3rd group only took partially hydrolyzed guar gum, 4th group took partially hydrolyzed guar gum with glutamine, 5th group took only radiotherapy, 6th group took radiotherapy with glutamine, 7th group took radiotherapy with partially hydrolyzed guar gum and 8th group took radiotherapy, glutamine and guar gum. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum was given with radiotherapy, and glutamine and guar gum were given together with radiotherapy in the 8th group. All rats were weighed on the first, seventh and tenth days. On the tenth day, the rats were sacrificed and their clinical status, biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters in the terminal ileum were evaluated. Differences between groups were compared statistically. All groups were compared in terms of crypt length, villus height, crypt abscess, congestion, intraepithelial lymphoid infiltration, stool consistency, myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, caspase-3% and tumor necrosis factor alpha mean, and statistical significance was observed (p < 0.05). Weight% difference in rats was statistically significant between groups (p < 0.05). Interleukin-10 values were not statistically significant between groups (p > 0.05). In paired comparisons, there was a statistically significant difference between the control group and the group with radiation enteritis in terms of biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical and clinical parameters (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the 5th group and 6th group, 7th group and 8th groups in terms of biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical and clinical parameters (p > 0,05). The result suggest that glutamine, partially hydrolyzed guar gum and combination therapy may not have a protective effect on radiation enteritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"271-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Radiosensitization with metallic nanoparticles under MeV proton beams: local dose enhancement\" by Mansouri et al.","authors":"Mikhail L Shmatov","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01149-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01149-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"749-750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of phantom material on the depth-dose profile and radiation quality factor of 126 MeV antiprotons - a FLUKA Monte Carlo study.","authors":"Arghya Chattaraj, T Palani Selvam","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01154-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01154-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antiprotons hold significant potential for radiotherapy due to their unique annihilation mechanism, which could offer dosimetric advantages. The objective of the present study was to assess how different phantom compositions affect the position of the Bragg peak and the biological effectiveness of antiproton beams in terms of the quality factor. This study investigated on-axis depth-dose profiles and the LET-based quality factor (Q_LET) for a 126 MeV antiproton beam in various phantom materials such as Water, Polystyrene, PMMA, RW1, WE210, Solid Water, and A150 using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. The study also investigated the influence of elemental compositions of phantom materials on the relative contribution of antiprotons and secondary radiations to the total on-axis depth-dose profile. Additionally, the study discusses the variation in the in-flight annihilation cross-section across different phantom materials. The results show that depending on the phantom material, the position of the Bragg peak ranges from 11.49 to 11.82 g/cm². Furthermore, depending on the phantom material, Q_LET ranged from about 1.78 to 1.91 in the entrance region, from about 2.0 to 2.8 in the dose fall-off region, and from about 6.28 to 7.0 near the Bragg peak position. It is concluded that the study provides the theoretical basis of the understanding of depth dose profiles of antiprotons in various solid phantoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"711-718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12701000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}