Radiation and Environmental Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"CFD modeling of indoor radon distribution in a laboratory with granite countertops.","authors":"Bahareh Azarvand-Hassanfard, Mojtaba Gholami","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01131-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01131-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radon gas, a significant source of indoor radiation exposure, poses serious health risks, particularly lung cancer. This study employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using the ANSYS Fluent software to model the behaviour and distribution of radon gas in a laboratory space equipped with granite countertops. A three-dimensional model of the laboratory, including its geometry, ventilation rates, and radon exhalation sources, was developed to simulate radon concentrations, particularly at breathing height. Radon exhalation rate from the granite and other surfaces in the room was measured experimentally. Numerical results, validated by experimental measurements, revealed a 30% increase in average radon concentration following the installation of granite countertops with an exhalation rate of 6.5 Bq m^-2 h^-1. The spatial distribution of radon, particularly near the countertops, indicated regions where radon accumulated at concentrations exceeding the action threshold of the US Environmental Protection Agency of 148 Bq/m³. Additionally, while natural ventilation effectively reduced overall radon levels, its efficiency was diminished near the countertops due to complex airflow patterns, leading to radon accumulation in breathing zones. This study demonstrates the ability of numerical methods to identify centers of radon gas accumulation by predicting airflow patterns and behaviours at various ventilation rates, emphasizing the need for effective ventilation strategies, such as localized exhaust systems, to reduce radon exposure in critical areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the dose calculation from urine measurements in routine internal monitoring of ¹³¹I and other radionuclides.","authors":"Oliver Meisenberg, Ayesha Mohsin","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01129-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01129-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The measurement of 24-hour urine samples is one of the methods of routine monitoring of intakes of radionuclides. It is briefly mentioned in relevant documents by the International Commission on Radiological Protection that for ¹³¹I the strong decrease of the excretion within the first days after an intake makes the dose calculation from urine measurements unreliable when the time pattern of the intake is unknown. This can result in a major overestimation of the committed effective dose. For quantifying the influence of the time pattern of an intake on the dose, the results of the dose calculation for an acute intake at the midpoint of a monitoring interval (standard assumption) were compared with those for a chronic intake with varying daily activity. For ¹³¹I, aerosols type F, the standard assumption of an acute intake can lead to an overestimation of the calculated dose by a factor of 140 on average as compared to a chronic intake. Among other investigated radionuclides, the strongest overestimation was found for ¹⁴C, gas/vapour type F, when measured every 180 days (factor of 330), although this method complies with current criteria from the international standard ISO 20553. It is recommended that ISO 20553 is supplemented with a criterion that describes the reliability of a monitoring method under different time patterns of an intake additional to the existing criteria. This criterion should set an upper limit for the ratio of the dose calculations under the described assumptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of lead borosilicate waste glass on the mechanical and radiation shielding properties of cement-bitumen composites.","authors":"Abeer Maher, Elsayed Salama, Ramadan A Mohamed, Hosam M Saleh","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01130-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01130-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the radiation shielding performance of lead borosilicate waste glass when incorporated as an additive into cement-bitumen composites. The utilization of lead borosilicate glass, a byproduct of industrial processes, offers a dual advantage: it enhances the gamma-ray attenuation capacity of the composite achieving a mass attenuation coefficient of 7.85 × 10⁻² cm²/g and simultaneously contributes to the sustainable management of radioactive waste by improving the compressive strength to 32.9 MPa. Cement-bitumen mixtures were prepared with varying concentrations of the waste glass and evaluated through both experimental measurements and theoretical modeling. The linear attenuation coefficients demonstrated a marked improvement in shielding efficiency with increasing lead content. Computational tools, including XCOM and Geant4, were employed to simulate photon interactions and validate the experimental findings. The simulation results were in strong agreement with experimental data, confirming the enhanced attenuation properties at higher glass concentrations. These findings suggest that lead borosilicate waste glass is a promising additive for improving the gamma radiation shielding properties of cement-bitumen matrices, with potential applications in nuclear waste immobilization and radiation protection. Furthermore, the approach promotes sustainable recycling of industrial waste, aligning with environmental conservation goals. Further research is recommended to optimize glass loading and assess the long-term durability and structural performance under diverse environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monte carlo analysis of in low-energy ¹²⁵I brachytherapy: implications for clinical dosimetry.","authors":"Jie Liu, Zhao Wen Quan, Omar Medhat Mostafa, M E Medhat","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01128-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01128-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the primary limitations of the recommendations of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group is that it does not consider attenuation effects from individual sources in multi-source brachytherapy implants. To address this issue, the inter-source effect (ISE) parameter has been introduced. In the present study the ISE is evaluated and compared for several ¹²⁵I brachytherapy sources simulating three different ¹²⁵I source models with the Geant4 code. The validity of these models was confirmed by comparing their dosimetric parameters - such as the radial dose and anisotropy functions - with those reported in previous work. The ISE parameters and corresponding attenuation factors (µ_f) were determined for each source at various distances in a three-source implant configuration. The results emphasize the importance of accounting for inter-source attenuation in clinical dosimetry to prevent dose overestimation, as ISE and µ_f are highly dependent on factors like source spacing, orientation, and implant geometry, necessitating case-specific calculations for optimal treatment planning. The present study provides critical insights for improving accuracy in dose delivery in brachytherapy, particularly for low-energy ¹²⁵I sources, and underscores the need for careful consideration of source design and configuration in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Avrami-Dobrzyński model for mammary tumorigenesis in irradiated rats indicates new candidates for parametric cancer risk assessment.","authors":"Julianna Krasowska, Tatsuhiko Imaoka, Krzysztof W Fornalski","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01125-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01125-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The two-parametric Avrami-Dobrzyński model, originally based on the condensed matter physics for phase transitions, was applied to the cumulative populational mammary cancer data of laboratory rats. The joint effect of parity, irradiation and BRCA1 mutation on breast cancer incidence was analysed. The study showed that the proposed model fits well with the data points, however, the values of parameters differ regarding the investigated group of animals. It was concluded that both model's parameters, which relate to the dimension of carcinogenesis dynamics and the age distribution, are good candidates for cancer risk assessment regarding different risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative dosimetric assessment of combined treatment modalities in cervical cancer radiotherapy for optimal organ protection.","authors":"Iozsef Gazsi, Loredana G Marcu","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01113-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01113-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>External radiotherapy combined with internal radiotherapy in cervical cancer can provide a boost to the target volume to increase tumour control. At the same time internal radiotherapy protects neighboring organs. The aim of the present study was to dosimetrically compare three external beam radiotherapy techniques each combined with internal radiotherapy to evaluate the combination that offers the best organ protection. Treatment plans of 20 cervical cancer patients were created for external (including three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT)) as well as brachytherapy. The prescribed dose was 50 Gy in 25 fractions for external and 21 Gy in three fractions for internal radiotherapy. The following organs at risk (OARs) were evaluated: bladder, rectum, sigmoid and bowel bag. The study analyzed the results of different treatment combinations in terms of dosimetric values for various parameters. The D₉₀ for the clinical target volume was around 120 Gy, with the highest value seen in 3D-CRT + BT (brachytherapy) combination at 120.59 Gy. For the bladder, the D_2cc remained below the recommended threshold of 90 Gy, with the lowest value obtained for the BT + IMRT combination at 79.2 Gy. For the rectum, both D_2cc and D_1cc remained below the recommended threshold of 75 Gy for both parameters. All techniques fell below the recommended dose of 75 Gy for the sigmoid. For the intestine, there were statistically significant differences between BT + IMRT and BT + 3D-CRT. The VMAT technique showed superiority over IMRT in tumour volume coverage and several organ-at-risk parameters. Generally, intensity-modulated techniques showed dosimetric advantage over the traditional 3D technique in cervical cancer. In addition to providing better compliance and homogeneity, they provided superior protection for organs at risk, especially for bowel bag. It is concluded that the BT + IMRT technique provided the best protection for organs at risk based on the lowest OAR dosimetric values, especially for the intestine.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"291-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-nanoparticle-based composite for diagnostic X-ray shielding in computed tomography applications: a Monte Carlo study.","authors":"Sofiene Mansouri","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01116-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01116-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While numerous studies have investigated the impact of various nanoparticles (NPs) in polymer matrices for radiation shielding, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding a comprehensive examination of both individual and combined selected NPs with functional polymers. This study aims to address this gap by systematically evaluating the synergistic potential of multiple high-Z NPs and specialized polymer matrices in radiation shielding design, particularly for computed tomography (CT) applications. A single and mixture range of NPs, including Gd₂O₃, Sm₂O₃, CeO₂, HfO₂, IrO₂, Bi₂O₃, and WO₃, were combined with polymers such as chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), polychlorostyrene (PCS), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PTFCE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) which served as matrices. By means of Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations, the study assessed the shielding effectiveness of these nanocomposites at various X-ray energies (80, 100, 120, and 140 kVp). The results revealed that nanocomposites containing Sm₂O₃ and Gd₂O₃ exhibited superior X-ray attenuation at 80 and 100 kVp, while the HfO₂ nanocomposite demonstrated enhanced shielding at 120 and 140 kVp. Additionally, multi-filler nanocomposites with 30 wt% of Sm₂O₃ + HfO₂ (SmHf) and Gd₂O₃ + Bi₂O₃ (GdBi) exhibited improved performance at 80 and 140 kVp, respectively. Notably, the 30 wt% Gd₂O₃ + IrO₂ (GdIr) multi-filler nanocomposite outperformed others at 100 and 120 kVp. It is concluded that a combination of NPs with K-edge values close to the mean energy of the investigated X-ray spectra provide better shielding capabilities than single NPs, highlighting their potential for applications in radiation protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"263-274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Assessing the correlation between Gamma passing rate and clinical dosimetric variations in breast cancer IMRT plans with multi-leaf collimator errors: perspectives from the ArcCHECK QA system.","authors":"Xiuquan Li, Jia Deng, Xiangyang Wu, Hang Yang, Dengdian Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01107-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01107-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Relationships between protection and operational dosimetric quantities for external exposure to natural background radiation.","authors":"A Ulanowski, T Sato, N Petoussi-Henss, M Balonov","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01118-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01118-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal radiation dose to the herring gull embryo due to ⁹⁰Sr in the egg.","authors":"E A Shishkina, E Khramova, N Mogilnikova, G A Tryapitsina, E A Pryakhin","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01119-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00411-025-01119-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Birds are bioindicators of anthropogenic environmental stress, including the changes caused by radioactive contamination of ecosystems. Any radiation-induced biological effects can be the consequence of exposure both after hatching and during the embryonic period. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify radiation doses to the embryo when interpreting observed radiobiological effects in birds. This is especially true for areas contaminated with Ca-like ⁹⁰Sr. The levels of radionuclide accumulation in the eggshell can be extremely high, which leads to chronic embryo exposure. Consequently, the objective of the present study was to develop a method to calculate the dose to a herring gull embryo exposed to ⁹⁰Sr distributed in egg compartments (shell, embryo body, albumen and yolk). To achieve this, the time-dependent Sr distribution in the egg compartments was modeled. Additionally, dosimetric modeling was carried out to obtain dose factors that convert the radionuclide activity in different compartments of an egg to embryo dose at various stages of embryogenesis. It has been shown that the accumulated dose to the herring gull embryo can be calculated based on ⁹⁰Sr total activity in the egg using a dose conversion factor of 0.44 μGy Bq^-1. Since the eggshell contains more than 90% of total ⁹⁰Sr activity, the conversion from eggshell activity to embryo dose would be practically the same as that from the total egg activity - 0.46 μGy Bq^-1. The main dose fraction (~ 99%) accumulates at the last stage of embryogenesis (from 13 to 26 days). The proposed method allows for an estimation of individual radiation doses to embryos based on eggshell radiometry. This creates a new opportunity to study how dangerous any radiation exposure of birds could be during the embryonic period.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":"311-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}