Radiation and Environmental Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"A Monte Carlo study on the impact of a transverse magnetic field on microscopic dose enhancement of nanoparticles in therapeutic proton beams.","authors":"Jafar Alamgir, Seyed Abolfazl Hosseini, Ehsan Salimi","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01153-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01153-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid evolution of cancer treatment modalities has positioned proton therapy as a highly effective approach for targeting specific tumours. Proton therapy takes advantage of the Bragg peak phenomenon to deliver a concentrated dose to the tumour while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues. This feature has spurred interest in further enhancing proton therapy through the integration of advanced technologies, such as image-guided proton therapy and nanoparticle (NP) application. The incorporation of NPs into tumour tissues has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the delivered dose in radiation therapy. This study investigates the dose enhancement factor (DEF) resulting from the presence of various NPs, when irradiated by a spread-out Bragg peak of a 120 MeV proton beam. Additionally, the magnetic dose enhancement factor (MDEF) under transverse magnetic fields of 3 T and 7 T is examined using the Geant4 simulation toolkit. The findings clarify the NP-mediated dose enhancement in proton therapy, particularly in the context of MRI-guided treatments. The highest DEF occurs within NPs (e.g., 1,341% for Ir), while the surrounding tissue exhibits negligible enhancement (< 10% up to a radial distance of 500 nm). The results indicate that magnetic fields up to 7 T do not significantly alter dose distributions around NPs. While validating the compatibility of NP-enhanced proton therapy with MRI guidance, this work provides a comparison of metallic (Au, Ir, Gd, and SPION) and non-metallic (B, C) NPs, establishing a foundation for clinical NP selection and future radiobiology studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-scale Monte Carlo simulation on nanoparticle dose enhancement for a lung tumour treated with low-energy brachytherapy.","authors":"Elahe Movahedizade, Zahra Sajjadi","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01152-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01152-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-energy brachytherapy using ¹²⁵I and ¹⁰³Pd seeds offers an effective treatment strategy for lung tumours by maximizing tumour dose delivery while sparing adjacent healthy tissues. It has been shown that the addition of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in the tumour can improve the treatment outcomes in radiotherapy. This study investigates the dose enhancement potential of gold (Au), platinum (Pt), and bismuth (Bi) NPs at concentrations of 3 and 7 mg/g through multi-scale Monte Carlo simulations using Geant4 (macroscopic) and Geant4-DNA (microscopic) toolkits. Results demonstrate consistent dose enhancement ratios (DERs) of up to 2.6 across both scales, with Bi NPs showing superior performance than Au and Pt NPs, due to their higher atomic number. DNA damage increased proportionally with NP concentration, confirming their radio-sensitizing potential. Furthermore, indirect free radical-mediated DNA damage accounted for ~ 90% of total damage, demonstrating the critical role of chemical-stage effects in NP radio-sensitization. The strong correlation between macroscopic and microscopic findings validates Bi NPs as optimal enhancers for low-energy lung brachytherapy, particularly when combined with ¹²⁵I seeds. These results provide a robust foundation for clinical translation of NP-augmented brachytherapy protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding stakeholder uncertainties in environmental remediation: lessons from Belgium's industrial legacy of mixed radioactive-chemical contamination.","authors":"Tanja Perko, Bieke Abelshausen, Catrinel Turcanu","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01147-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01147-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental remediation projects imply a process fraught with uncertainties. While this is a truism, uncertainties faced by different stakeholders before, during, and after a remediation process have not been systematically and empirically investigated. Hence, the goal of this study is to identify how stakeholders, including affected populations (residents), remediation experts, authorities, industry, and the mass media, perceive and experience uncertainties encountered during long-term environmental remediation processes at mixed chemical-radiological contaminated sites caused by industrial practices. For this purpose, the study employs a mixed methods approach at two sites in Flanders, Belgium contaminated by radioactive materials from radium production and the phosphate industry: this includes media content analysis (N = 164 articles published over three decades), semi-structured interviews with residents from affected areas (N = 24), and exploratory questionnaire followed by a panel discussion with experts, industry representatives, remediation experts, and authorities (N = 10). The study reveals that uncertainties vary widely among stakeholder groups and over time. Stakeholders emphasize different aspects of uncertainty, from management and legal issues to public health concerns. Residents show higher trust in authorities and operators to solve the uncertainties, contrasting with experts' focus uncertainties related to remediation techniques, societal challenges like conflicting needs and expectations and future land use. Each contaminated site's uncertainties are shaped by historical, socio-political, and economic contexts. This study is valuable for those interested in stakeholder involvement in decision-making on environmental issues, as well as for those examining the societal aspects of decision-making in radiation protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A response to the Vancouver call for action: addressing the needs of early career scientists in radiation protection.","authors":"Ämilie L Degenhardt, Patrizia Kunert, Viktoria Herzner, Sehajpreet Gill, Nazanin Love, Jad Abuhamed, Giorgia Stendardo, Kim Lea Sennhenn, Warren A John, Prabal Subedi","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01145-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01145-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early career researchers, professionals, and scientists (ECRs) are essential to the future of radiation protection, a field that increasingly relies on interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation. In line with the principles outlined in the Vancouver Call for Action for Radiation Protection Researchers, an ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) initiative, this article explores the current landscape for ECRs through the lens of survey data, initiative outcomes, and the establishment of the Early Career in Radiation Protection Network (ECRad). Drawing on a Europe-wide survey of 47 ECRs, the study identifies key areas of concern: while there is strong intrinsic motivation to remain in the field, perceived feasibility is often hampered by job insecurity, fragmented institutional support, and lack of structured mentorship. Although most respondents participate in existing networks such as ICRP, EURADOS, and IRPA, many reported unmet expectations, particularly in mentorship, sustained peer interaction, and accessible professional development. The formation of the RadoNorm Early Career Researcher Council (ECRC) responded directly to these gaps, demonstrating that self-organized, ECR-led initiatives can significantly enhance a sense of belonging and interdisciplinary engagement. However, structural barriers - such as time, funding, and short-term project support - persist, echoing the Vancouver Call for Action's call for improved education, training, and retention. In conclusion, while considerable progress has been made in addressing the needs of ECRs in radiation protection, gaps that threaten the long-term vitality of the field remain. The findings affirm the urgency of coordinated action among institutions, networks, and funding bodies to invest in and empower the next generation of radiation protection professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) in mineral processing industries and consideration of ionising radiation in life cycle assessment - Part I. NORM inventory.","authors":"Alla Dvorzhak, Raffaella Ugolini, Gennaro Venoso, Federica Leonardi, Boguslaw Michalik, Almudena Real, Alicia Escribano, Danyl Pérez-Sánchez, Nathalie Vanhoudt, Antti Kallio, Cristina Nuccetteli, Flavio Trotti, Rosabianca Trevisi, Laureline Fevrier, Jelena Mrdakovic Popic","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01144-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01144-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A systematic overview of NORM related issues in mineral processing industries as production of phosphoric acid, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) pigment, phosphate fertilizers, cement and zircon and zirconium industry in different European countries is provided in this work. The current study tracks composition, content of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides (NOR) and their changes throughout the entire production cycle in these common and important industries: from raw materials, different production processes, end products, residues and wastes, and releases, with analysis of possible subsequent use of some by-products and residues in the concept of the circular economy.Such work improves the radiation protection knowledge in mineral processing industries, assists in the management of generated residues and wastes, and supports the regulatory decision-making process. A significant novelty is ensured through comprehensive comparison of the given mineral industries and respective NORM issues in various aspects - from legislative frameworks applied, NORM matrices with different NOR activity concentration and possible challenges with respect to recovery or disposal when they are above exemption or clearance levels of 1 kBq kg^-1. This type of a systematic and comprehensive overview is especially important for European countries regarding the framework of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the circular economy, where resources are maximally used, the involvement of new ones is reduced, waste is avoided, and the life cycle of products is extended. Additionally, here presented inventory work is expected to be useful for many countries worldwide that are at the beginning of their NORM-involving practice mapping.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Radiosensitization with metallic nanoparticles under MeV proton beams: local dose enhancement\" by Mansouri et al.","authors":"Mikhail L Shmatov","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01149-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01149-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculating the annual excess probability of cancer-related mortality: a case study of ionizing radiation and chemical exposure.","authors":"Tatsuki Kimura, Michiya Sasaki","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01151-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01151-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Risk factors for cancer, such as ionizing radiation or chemical exposure, can be managed using risk-based approaches when clearly defined thresholds are absent. When considering different magnitudes of risk, it is crucial to use the same indices and calculations to conduct proper comparisons. This study quantified the annual excess probability of cancer-related mortality by attained age for continuous occupational exposure to ionizing radiation or inorganic arsenic (during a working period at ages between 18 and 64 years), using a calculation method recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Calculations were conducted as a case study using the occupational exposure limits (OELs) in Japan from the Japanese population data. These calculations provided information regarding the age-dependent probability of excess annual mortality from exposure to inorganic arsenic. Excess lifetime mortality probability was also calculated based on the probability of the excess annual mortality. Notably, previous direct risk comparisons between the cancer-related risks associated with radiation and inorganic arsenic exposure should be interpreted with caution, because uncertainties and differences in risk models and regulatory approaches related to OELs were not considered in many of these comparisons. The present study provides basic information for conducting risk comparisons between radiation and chemicals. The results obtained should support the development of well-balanced regulations for radiation and chemicals, from a holistic point of view.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to comments by Shmatov on \"Radiosensitization with metallic nanoparticles under MeV proton beams: local dose enhancement\".","authors":"Elham Mansouri, Asghar Mesbahi","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01150-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01150-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium orthovanadate alleviates lethal effect of total-body irradiation in mice without impairing recovery of male reproductive function.","authors":"Yuichi Nishiyama, Yuichiro Sonoyama, Bing Wang, Sharmila Ghosh, Sharath Krishnan P V, Megumi Sasatani, Takashi Shimokawa, Shin Aoki, Akinori Morita","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01146-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01146-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium orthovanadate (vanadate), a potent inhibitor of p53, has been shown in earlier work to alleviate total-body irradiation (TBI)-induced hematopoietic syndrome. However, as p53 plays a crucial role in normal spermatogenesis, its suppression may raise concerns about potential adverse effects on male reproductive function. In this study, we investigated whether vanadate exacerbates impairment of male fertility when administered for hematopoietic protection under TBI conditions. Trp53 wild-type male ICR mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of vanadate or vehicle, followed by exposure to 6 Gy-TBI, corresponding to a testicular dose of 4.8 Gy. This radiation dose is sufficient to induce hematopoietic syndrome and temporary infertility. Spermatogenic function was assessed by analyzing testicular haploid cell populations and sperm morphology. Fertility recovery was evaluated through mating tests with virgin females, and transgenerational outcomes were assessed by analyzing litter size, fetal body weight, and implantation numbers. Our findings demonstrate that vanadate effectively rescued survival of irradiated animals under conditions known to induce the hematopoietic syndrome, without adversely affecting spermatogenesis. On the contrary, vanadate appeared to promote recovery from temporary infertility, likely through partial suppression of p53 accumulation and Bbc3 expression. This effect was more pronounced in Trp53 heterozygous mice, particularly in those irradiated at a young age. Importantly, the offspring derived from vanadate treated males with recovered fertility exhibited normal development, at least in terms of morphology. Taken together, vanadate confers hematopoietic protection under TBI without compromising, and possibly even supporting, male reproductive recovery. These findings suggest its potential for clinical use with low risk to male fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of individual characteristics of human subjects on the radiation burden of the bronchial airways from radon progeny.","authors":"Péter Füri, Árpád Farkas, Werner Hofmann, Balázs G Madas","doi":"10.1007/s00411-025-01148-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-025-01148-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variability in radiation-related health risk and genetic susceptibility to radiation effects within a population is a key issue for radiation protection. Besides differences in the health and biological effects of the same radiation dose, individual variability may also affect dose distribution and its consequences for the same exposure. As exposure to radon progeny affects a large population and has a well-established dose-effect relationship, investigating individual variability upon radon exposure may be particularly important. Using the Stochastic Lung Model combined with mucociliary clearance and alpha-particle microdosimetry models, deposition rates and absorbed dose rates were determined for a healthy adult, a 5-year-old child, and an adult with severe asthma. The results show that children receive significantly higher absorbed dose rates in basal and secretory cell nuclei than healthy adults, despite lower deposition rates, due to smaller airways and thinner mucus layers. For individuals with severe asthma, both deposition rates and dose rates are higher due to airway contraction and slower mucus clearance, although increased mucus thickness reduces absorbed dose rates. These findings demonstrate that anatomical and physiological differences significantly influence absorbed doses in the lungs upon radon exposure and highlight the importance of accounting for individual variability in radiation protection and risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21002,"journal":{"name":"Radiation and Environmental Biophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}