Reproductive Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Carvacrol Shows Potential as a Treatment for Endometriosis with Inflammatory Reaction and Antioxidant Properties, Demonstrated in both In Vivo and In Vitro Studies.","authors":"Hyewon Jang, Wonhyoung Park, Hee Seung Kim, Gwonhwa Song, Whasun Lim, Sunwoo Park","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01866-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01866-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carvacrol is a phenolic monoterpenoid found in essential oils of oregano, thyme, and other plants. It possesses pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, against several diseases. However, research on the treatment effect of endometriosis has not yet been conducted. Endometriosis is a condition characterized by tissues resembling the endometrium beyond the confines of the uterus, leading to intense pelvic pain and heightened risks of infertility. This study aimed to confirm the effectiveness of carvacrol as a treatment strategy for endometriosis with inflammatory regulation and antioxidant property. In the in vivo study, C57BL/6 J mice were orally administered 100 mg/kg carvacrol for 4 weeks and confirmed a decreased size of endometriosis lesions in the carvacrol-treated group, increased number of T cells in the spleen, and increased expression of cytokine-related genes in both tissues. Immortalized human ovarian endometriotic stromal cells (ihOESCs), derived from endometriotic lesions in patients, were used as an in vitro model for studying endometriosis pathophysiology. The findings of the in vitro study confirmed that carvacrol regulates calcium homeostasis, induces antioxidant effects, increases inflammatory response, deactivates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, and ultimately induces autophagy. Therefore, we determined that carvacrol is suitable as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant treatment strategy for endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Tocolytic Potency: Variability and Accuracy of AUC Versus Amplitude-Based Assessment of Pregnant Human Myometrial Contractions Ex Vivo.","authors":"Md Reduanul Hossain, Marina Paul, Jorge M Tolosa, Roger Smith, Jonathan W Paul","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01864-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01864-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The methodological approaches used to evaluate the inhibitory effects (potency determination) of tocolytic agents on human uterine contractions in ex vivo systems vary, and none of the methodologies has been subjected to scrutiny in terms of objectivity, variability, and reliability. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and compare the reliability of using area under the curve (AUC) versus amplitude alone-based assessment of contraction traces to generate concentration-response curves, which were then used to calculate the tocolytic concentrations that inhibited 25% (IC&lt;sub&gt;25&lt;/sub&gt;) and 50% (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of baseline contractility. The accuracy of the determined inhibitory concentrations (IC) was then scrutinized while taking into consideration the contraction parameters (amplitude, frequency, duration) affected by the different tocolytics. To do this, pregnant human myometrial strips (term, not-in-labor) were treated with cumulative concentrations of the contraction-blocking agents, nifedipine (NIF), indomethacin (IND), 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), glycyl-h-1152 (GH), aminophylline (AMP), or rolipram (ROL)). Concentration-response curves were generated using either AUC or amplitude alone as the index of contraction inhibition, from which tocolytic IC&lt;sub&gt;25&lt;/sub&gt; and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations were calculated and compared (i.e. IC&lt;sub&gt;25(AUC)&lt;/sub&gt; vs. IC&lt;sub&gt;25(Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt;). The effects of each tocolytic on contraction frequency were also quantified. To assess accuracy, each tocolytic was applied to contracting strips as a single treatment at their respective IC&lt;sub&gt;25(AUC/Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt; and IC&lt;sub&gt;50(AUC/Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt;, and then the inhibitory effect re-quantified against both contraction AUC and amplitude alone. Significant differences between IC&lt;sub&gt;50(AUC)&lt;/sub&gt; and IC&lt;sub&gt;50(Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt; were detected for AMP (318.5 vs. 450 µM), ROL (4.3 vs. 55 µM), and IND (59.5 vs. 75 µM), whereas AUC versus amplitude-based IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations were comparable for NIF (10 vs. 10 nM), GH (18.2 vs. 15 µM), and 2-APB (53 vs. 57 µM). Similarly, the determined IC&lt;sub&gt;25(AUC)&lt;/sub&gt; and IC&lt;sub&gt;25(Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt; were again significantly different for AMP (175 vs. 277 µM), ROL (515 nM vs. 15 µM), and IND (28 vs. 42 µM), but also for 2-APB (27 vs. 40 µM). The confirmation studies revealed that a single dose of the tocolytics at their determined IC&lt;sub&gt;25(AUC)&lt;/sub&gt; and IC&lt;sub&gt;50(AUC)&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations consistently reduced contraction AUC by approximately 25% and 50%, respectively, whereas single doses of the IC&lt;sub&gt;25(Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt; and IC&lt;sub&gt;50(Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations revealed inconsistent results. Of the six tocolytics, four reduced contraction amplitude by &gt; 25% when applied as a single dose at IC&lt;sub&gt;25(Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt;, while three reduced contraction amplitude by &gt; 50% when applied at IC&lt;sub&gt;50(Amplitude)&lt;/sub&gt;. Our experimental data indicate that when determining tocolytic potency, assessment of","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between Lactobacillus of Vaginal Microbiota and the Pregnancy Outcomes for Patients Experiencing Recurrent Miscarriage.","authors":"Jifan Tan, Ruyun Chen, Dehai Gan, Miaoxian Ou, Yue Wu, Huiying Jie, Yanwen Xu, Jia Huang","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01869-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01869-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The etiology of recurrent miscarriage (RM) is complex, with the vaginal microbiota (VM) being an important factor associated with RM. We aimed to establish the VM composition in both patients with RM and healthy women and further investigate relationship between the subsequent pregnancy outcomes of patients with RM and VM, to explain the potential mechanism of VM in RM to some extent. A cohort study compared the VM between 34 patients with RM and 15 healthy women using a sequencing technique based on Type IIB restriction enzymes for the microbiome (2bRAD-M). Further comparison was made between 11 patients with clinical miscarriages (CM) and 13 patients with ongoing pregnancies (OP) in the RM group who conceived naturally. To determine the VM composition, the 2bRAD-M library was prepared, and sequence and bioinformatics analyses were conducted. The composition of the VM exhibited notable differences between the non-RM and RM groups, with significant findings for alpha diversity (p < 0.05) and beta diversity (p = 0.01). Further analysis between the RM-OP and RM-CM groups revealed a significant difference in Lactobacillus (97.81% ± 2.71% vs. 53.37% ± 46.42%, p = 0.03). Other uncommon species, such as Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) (p = 0.04) were found significantly increase in the RM-CM group. Functional annotation analysis revealed 47 related signaling pathways between the two groups. The results of this study indicate that Lactobacillus is associated with subsequent miscarriages and that C. acnes is closely related to pregnancy outcomes of patients with RM.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel De Novo KAT6B Mutation Causes Hypospadias in a Chinese Fetus at 29 Weeks Gestation.","authors":"Xue Zhong, Meixin Liu, Qun Gao, Monong Li, Shiguo Liu","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01860-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01860-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>KAT6B mutations are responsible for Say-Barber-Biesecker-Young-Simpson syndrome or Genitopatellar syndrome, with most mutations occurring in its exon 18. A pregnancy with normal early antenatal examination revealed the presence of hypospadias in the fetus but with no abnormal amniotic fluid volume in ultrasonography at 29th^+ 4d weeks' gestation. After amniocentesis, the trios' whole exome sequencing was performed and a novel frameshift mutation (KAT6B: exon10: c.2153_2159del, p. R718Lfs*3) was identified for her fetus, then verified by the parents as a de novo mutation. Following this couple's decision to induce labor, the appearance of the fetus had hypospadias but with a normal face and was able to be palpated for the patella. KAT6B mutations often occur with a variety of symptoms. To our acknowledgment, this is the first report of a novel de novo KAT6B mutation causing only hypospadias for the fetus, which further expands the spectrum of KAT6B variants and the genotype-phenotype relationship for this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Diagnosis and Treatment for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): A Scoping Review.","authors":"Adishree Nayak, Shannon N Wood, Liisa Hantsoo","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01861-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01861-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a significant public health challenge. While research has increased over the past decade, barriers to PMDD diagnosis and treatment persist. This paper explores the global barriers to diagnosis and treatment for PMDD. A scoping review of the literature was performed using the PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL Plus databases to compile existing data on barriers to PMDD diagnosis and treatment. Eligibility criteria for articles included original research published within the last 10 years, written in English, and focused on PMDD with explicit assessment of at least one barrier to diagnosis and/or treatment. Findings were organized into four domains: individual, medical, cultural, and structural barriers. At the individual level, barriers include internalized norms and stigma that deter help-seeking; medical trauma and mistrust; feelings of fear, shame, self-blame, and confusion; and diminished autonomy and increased side effects from prescribed PMDD treatments. Medical barriers include limited provider knowledge, nonadherence to diagnostic and treatment guidelines, and negative patient-provider interactions. Cultural barriers include reproductive and mental health stigma; gender and cultural norms; and cultural preferences for alternative medicine that reduce access to pharmacological treatment. At the structural level, barriers include fragmented healthcare and limited access to health services. These findings highlight the many diagnostic and treatment barriers for individuals living with PMDD, underscoring the need for future research and intersectional approaches to improve health outcomes for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three Novel Mutations in TUBB8 Cause Female Infertility Due to Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Oocyte and Early Embryo.","authors":"Duan Li, Guanghui Yuan, Xiaoxiao Wang, Jiao Zhuang, Lie Wang, Yingxue Liu, Xiaowen Liu, Linfang Han, Huaiqian Dou, Bing Li, Cuifang Hao","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01844-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01844-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent years have seen a global increase in infertility, affecting up to 17.5% of the population. For successful human reproduction, the proper development process of the oocyte, fertilization, and early embryo is required. Assisted reproductive technology (ART), which is the primary treatment for infertility, uses the morphology of oocytes and zygotes as parameters to predict ART outcomes. However, factors such as large perivitelline space (PVS), centrally located granular cytoplasm (CLGC), multi-pronuclei (MPN) formation, and final early embryonic development arrest often lead to repeated failure of ART treatment. Genetic analysis has identified various pathogenic genetic factors contributing to infertility, suggesting that genetic variation plays a significant role in recurrent ART treatment failure. However, maternal genes responsible for large PVS, CLGC, and MPN formation are rarely reported. In this study involving Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing validation, three novel heterozygous missense mutations (p.M403V, p.R306H, p.H190Y) in TUBB8 were identified as being associated with large PVS, CLGC, MPN formation, and early embryonic development arrest. These mutant sites are evolutionarily conserved in different species. Additionally, in silico and in vitro experiments demonstrate that these variants disrupt the conformation, expression, and microtubule structures of the TUBB8 protein. Therefore, these findings contribute significantly to understanding TUBB8-related large PVS, CLGC, and MPN formation in the context of ARTs. This broadens our insight into the genetic connection in human reproduction and emphasizes the importance of comprehensive genetic screening and personalized intervention strategies for PVS, CLGC, and MPN formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin Rescues Hyperacetylation of Liver and Impaired Enzymatic Activities of Mitochondrial in IVF Offspring.","authors":"Yanping Jia, Mingming Ye, Orhan Bukulmez, Robert J Norman, Wenqiang Liu, Miaoxin Chen","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01846-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01846-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increased risks of obesity and abnormal glucose metabolism were observed in IVF offspring. However, the underlying molecular mechanism was still unclear. As an important post-translational modification (PTM), lysine acetylation changed with the changes in the metabolic environment and usually occurred on metabolic enzymes to regulate metabolic pathways and enzyme activities and participated in the regulation of downstream metabolites. In our previous study, we proved that supplementation of melatonin in the culture medium improved obesity and metabolic dysfunction in IVF mice. In this study, we further demonstrated that elevated levels of protein acetylation in hepatic cells might be associated with impaired glucose metabolism in IVF offspring, and melatonin could significantly reduce the acetylation level and improve the adverse phenotype of IVF mice. More importantly, we discovered that the supplementation of melatonin in the culture medium during in vitro fertilization significantly enhanced the activity of enzymes, especially citrate synthase (CS) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) which were involved in tricarboxylic acid recycling and played critical roles in glucose metabolism of liver. Thus, our findings elucidated a new perspective on the mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming of IVF mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum Depression Increases the Risk of Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis.","authors":"Darios Getahun, Michael J Fassett, Nana A Mensah, Nehaa Khadka, Meiyu Yeh, Vicki Y Chiu, Yinka Oyelese, Morgan R Peltier","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01862-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01862-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a common adverse pregnancy outcome, but the extent to which PPD correlates with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the offspring is unclear. Therefore, we examined if children of mothers who experienced PPD are at risk for developing ADHD and how this association may be modified by the child's sex, race/ethnicity, and gestational age at delivery. A retrospective cohort study of singleton-born children aged 3-12 years and delivered in Kaiser Permanente Southern California hospitals between 01/01/2010-12/31/2019 (n = 229,860) was performed using electronic health records. ICD- 9-CM and ICD- 10-CM codes and pharmacy records were used to ascertain exposure and outcomes of interest. Incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were estimated to quantify the association between PPD and childhood ADHD. Children of women with PPD were more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than children of women without PPD (8.85 vs. 5.18/1000 person-years, aHR = 1.76, confidence interval (CI): 1.66-1.86). Among women who delivered at 29-32 and 33-36 weeks of gestation, PPD was associated with 1.61-fold (95% CI: 1.06-2.57) and 1.72-fold (95% CI: 1.44-2.06) increased risk of ADHD, respectively, compared to pregnancies without a history of PPD. PPD was associated with an increased ADHD risk for all racial/ethnic groups and both child sex categories. PPD may help identify at-risk children who could benefit from earlier surveillance and interventions. Additional studies are needed to determine if PPD has a causal relationship with ADHD or if these conditions have a common risk factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Antidepressants on Male Fertility and Seminal Parameters: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Lorena Oliveira de Paula Dos Santos, Paula Rafaela Queiroz da Silva, Nicoly Caixêta Gonçalves, Hugo Felix Perini, Gláucia Eloisa Munhoz de Lion Siervo","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01858-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01858-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depressive disorders affect a significant number of individuals worldwide, including men of reproductive age. The impact of antidepressant treatment on seminal and fertility parameters remains inconclusive, with limited clinical studies available on this topic. This systematic review aimed to compile the existing literature on the influence of various antidepressants on sperm and fertility-related parameters in men. In April 2023, a bibliographic search was conducted using the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Search terms included\"fertility,\"\"sperm,\"and\"semen,\"combined with terms related to various antidepressants and their respective drugs. Clinical studies investigating fertility and/or semen parameters following antidepressant treatment in men were included. Studies outside the scope of this review were excluded. Data collected included details of the intervention and outcomes-such as the class of antidepressant, specific drug, dosage, duration of treatment, and age of subjects-along with data on sperm analysis and fertility-related parameters. This review included 5 articles focused on human studies. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most studied class of antidepressants. Findings on sperm-related impairment are conflicting. The available human studies are limited and often involve short-term treatment regimens, which may not accurately reflect the effects of long-term exposure. This work highlights the significant gap in reliable evidence regarding the effects of antidepressant drugs on seminal and fertility parameters in men of reproductive age.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Thrombophilia Disrupts Fetal Redox Homeostasis.","authors":"Natasa Z Djordjevic, Tanja R Novakovic, Zana C Dolicanin, Nikola D Jovic, Goran M Babic","doi":"10.1007/s43032-025-01863-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01863-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considering that the fetal redox homeostasis is a key factor for normal prenatal development, this study researched the effects of maternal thrombophilia on fetal redox homeostasis by assessing the redox profile of amniotic fluid cells and amniotic fluid during the second trimester of pregnancy. Concentration of redox biomarkers (superoxide anion, O₂.^-; hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂; nitric oxide, NO; peroxynitrite, ONOO^-; lipid peroxides, LPO, micronuclei, reduced glutathione, GSH; oxidized glutathione, GSSG) were assayed in the amniotic fluid cells and amniotic fluid of healthy pregnant women and pregnant women with thrombophilia gestational age from 16 to 18 weeks. Results of this study indicate that pregnant women with thrombophilia have significantly higher concentrations of O₂.^-, NO, ONOO^-, and LPO but lower concentrations of H₂O₂, GSH, and GSSG in the amniotic fluid cells, as well as a higher concentration of GSSG in the amniotic fluid. No difference is shown in concentration of O₂.^-, H₂O₂, NO, ONOO^-, LPO, and GSH in the amniotic fluid, as well as in frequency of micronuclei in the amniotic fluid cells among investigated groups of pregnant women. The present study provides the first evidence that babies born to mothers with thrombophilia in the second trimester of intrauterine life experience intense oxidative stress characterized by overproduction of O₂.^-, NO, ONOO^-, and LPO, as well as GSH depletion.</p>","PeriodicalId":20920,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}