Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Harsh parenting, amygdala functional connectivity changes across childhood, and behavioral problems.","authors":"Yuna Koyama, Henning Tiemeier, Pei Huang, Shi Yu Chan, Mioko Sudo, Yena Kyeong, Michael Meaney, Peipei Setoh, Ai Peng Tan","doi":"10.1017/S003329172400196X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S003329172400196X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Harsh parenting in early childhood is related to offspring's adverse behavioral outcomes. Due to the scarcity of longitudinal neuroimaging data, few studies have explored the neurobiological underpinnings of this association, focusing on within-person variability. This study examined the temporal associations among harsh parenting, later behavioral problems, and the developmental trajectories of amygdala volume and amygdala resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) profiles, using longitudinal neuroimaging data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was embedded in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort. T1-weighted (296 children, 642 scans) and resting-state functional scans (256 children, 509 scans) were collected at ages 4.5, 6, 7.5, and 10.5 years. Amygdala volume and RSFC between the amygdala and six brain regions that have leading roles in emotional regulation were extracted. Harsh parenting at 4.5 years and child behavioral problems at 10.5 years were assessed via parent-report questionnaires. Linear regression and linear mixed models were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Harsh parenting was associated with more severe externalizing problems in girls (<i>β</i> = 0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0.40) but not boys (<i>p</i>_int = 0.07). In the overall sample, harsh parenting was associated with the developmental trajectories of amygdala-ACC, amygdala-OFC, and amygdala-DLPFC RSFC. In addition, the developmental trajectory of amygdala-ACC RSFC mediated the harsh parenting-externalizing problems association in girls (indirect effect = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01-0.14).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Harsh parenting in early childhood was associated with amygdala neurocircuitry development and behavioral problems. The developmental trajectory of amygdala-ACC RSFC is a potential neural mechanism linking harsh parenting and externalizing problems in girls.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delirium risk and mortality in people with pre-existing severe mental illness: a retrospective cohort study using linked datasets in England.","authors":"Yehudit Bauernfreund, Naomi Launders, Graziella Favarato, Joseph F Hayes, David Osborn, Elizabeth L Sampson","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002484","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirium is a severe neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by physical illness, associated with high mortality. Understanding risk factors for delirium is key to targeting prevention and screening. Whether severe mental illness (SMI) predisposes people to delirium is not known. We aimed to establish whether pre-existing SMI diagnosis is associated with higher risk of delirium diagnosis and mortality following delirium diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort and nested case-control study using linked primary and secondary healthcare databases from 2000-2017. We identified people diagnosed with SMI, matched to non-SMI comparators. We compared incidence of delirium diagnoses between people with SMI diagnoses and comparators, and between SMI subtypes; schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and 'other psychosis'. We compared 30-day mortality following a hospitalisation involving delirium between people with SMI diagnoses and comparators, and between SMI subtypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 20 566 people with SMI diagnoses, matched to 71 374 comparators. Risk of delirium diagnosis was higher for all SMI subtypes, with a higher risk conferred by SMI in the under 65-year group, (aHR:7.65, 95% CI 5.45-10.7, ⩾65-year group: aHR:3.35, 95% CI 2.77-4.05). Compared to people without SMI, people with an SMI diagnosis overall had no difference in 30-day mortality following a hospitalisation involving delirium (OR:0.66, 95% CI 0.38-1.14).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found an association between SMI and delirium diagnoses. People with SMI may be more vulnerable to delirium when in hospital than people without SMI. There are limitations to using electronic healthcare records and further prospective study is needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affective disorders: eliminate WArning signs And REstore functioning: AWARE. Results from a randomized controlled multimodular intervention study targeting functioning in patients with affective disorders.","authors":"Rasmus Schwarz, Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak, Mie Skovmand Christensen, Lars Vedel Kessing, Maj Vinberg","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002526","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a compelling need for innovative intervention strategies for patients with affective disorders, given their increasing global prevalence and significant associated disability and impaired functioning. This study aimed to investigate whether a comprehensive multimodule individualized intervention (AWARE), targeting known mediators of functioning, improves functioning in affective disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AWARE was a randomized, controlled, rater-blind clinical trial conducted at two centers in the Capital Region of Denmark (Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04701827). Participants were adults with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder and impaired functioning. Participants were randomized to the six-month AWARE intervention or treatment as usual (TAU). The AWARE intervention is based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Brief Core Set for Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder.The primary outcome was observation-based functioning using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Secondary outcomes were functioning, QoL, stress, and cognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between February 2021 and January 2023, 103 patients were enrolled; 50 allocated to AWARE treatment and 53 to TAU (96 included in the full analysis set). There was no statistically significant differential change over time between groups in the primary outcome (AMPS), however, both groups showed a statistically significant improvement at endpoint. The AWARE intervention had a statistically significant effect compared with TAU on secondary outcomes of patient-reported functioning, stress and cognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with TAU, the AWARE intervention was ineffective at improving overall functioning on the primary outcome, presumably due to the short duration of the intervention. Further development of effective treatments targeting functioning is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and molecular correlates of cortical thickness alterations in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a transcription-neuroimaging association analysis - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Da Zhang, Changjun Teng, Yinhao Xu, Lei Tian, Ping Cao, Xiao Wang, Zonghong Li, Chengbin Guan, Xiao Hu","doi":"10.1017/S003329172400271X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S003329172400271X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality changes during adolescence predict young adult psychosis proneness and mediate gene-environment interplays of schizophrenia risk.","authors":"Linda A Antonucci, Alessandra Raio, Gianluca Christos Kikidis, Alessandro Bertolino, Antonio Rampino, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L W Bokde, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Andreas Heinz, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Juliane H Fröhner, Michael N Smolka, Nilakshi Vaidya, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Catharina A Hartman, Giulio Pergola","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002198","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychotic symptoms in adolescence are associated with social adversity and genetic risk for schizophrenia. This gene-environment interplay may be mediated by personality, which also develops during adolescence. We hypothesized that (i) personality development predicts later Psychosis Proneness Signs (PPS), and (ii) personality traits mediate the association between genetic risk for schizophrenia, social adversities, and psychosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 784 individuals were selected within the IMAGEN cohort (Discovery Sample-DS: 526; Validation Sample-VS: 258); personality was assessed at baseline (13-15 years), follow-up-1 (FU1, 16-17 years), and FU2 (18-20 years). Latent growth curve models served to compute coefficients of individual change across 14 personality variables. A support vector machine algorithm employed these coefficients to predict PPS at FU3 (21-24 years). We computed mediation analyses, including personality-based predictions and self-reported bullying victimization as serial mediators along the pathway between polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia and FU3 PPS. We replicated the main findings also on 1132 adolescents recruited within the TRAILS cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Growth scores in neuroticism and openness predicted PPS with 65.6% balanced accuracy in the DS, and 69.5% in the <i>VS</i> Mediations revealed a significant positive direct effect of PRS on PPS (confidence interval [CI] 0.01-0.15), and an indirect effect, serially mediated by personality-based predictions and victimization (CI 0.006-0.01), replicated in the TRAILS cohort (CI 0.0004-0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescent personality changes may predate future experiences associated with psychosis susceptibility. PPS personality-based predictions mediate the relationship between PRS and victimization toward adult PPS, suggesting that gene-environment correlations proposed for psychosis are partly mediated by personality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood neglect is associated with alterations in neural prediction error signaling and the response to novelty.","authors":"Joseph Aloi, Kathleen I Crum, Karina S Blair, Ru Zhang, Johannah Bashford-Largo, Sahil Bajaj, Soonjo Hwang, Bruno B Averbeck, Nim Tottenham, Matthew Dobbertin, R James R Blair","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002411","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One in eight children experience early life stress (ELS), which increases risk for psychopathology. ELS, particularly neglect, has been associated with reduced responsivity to reward. However, little work has investigated the computational specifics of this disrupted reward response - particularly with respect to the neural response to Reward Prediction Errors (RPE) - a critical signal for successful instrumental learning - and the extent to which they are augmented to novel stimuli. The goal of the current study was to investigate the associations of abuse and neglect, and neural representation of RPE to novel and non-novel stimuli.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and seventy-eight participants (aged 10-18, <i>M</i> = 14.9, s.d. = 2.38) engaged in the Novelty task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. In this task, participants learn to choose novel or non-novel stimuli to win monetary rewards varying from $0 to $0.30 per trial. Levels of abuse and neglect were measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents exposed to high levels of neglect showed reduced RPE-modulated blood oxygenation level dependent response within medial and lateral frontal cortices particularly when exploring novel stimuli (<i>p</i> < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons) relative to adolescents exposed to lower levels of neglect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data expand on previous work by indicating that neglect, but not abuse, is associated with impairments in neural RPE representation within medial and lateral frontal cortices. However, there was no association between neglect and behavioral impairments on the Novelty task, suggesting that these neural differences do not necessarily translate into behavioral differences within the context of the Novelty task.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between polygenic scores for cognitive and non-cognitive factors of educational attainment and measures of behavior, psychopathology, and neuroimaging in the adolescent brain cognitive development study.","authors":"Aaron J Gorelik, Sarah E Paul, Alex P Miller, David A A Baranger, Shuyu Lin, Wei Zhang, Nourhan M Elsayed, Hailey Modi, Pooja Addala, Janine Bijsterbosch, Deanna M Barch, Nicole R Karcher, Alexander S Hatoum, Arpana Agrawal, Ryan Bogdan, Emma C Johnson","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002174","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Educational attainment (EduA) is correlated with life outcomes, and EduA itself is influenced by both cognitive and non-cognitive factors. A recent study performed a 'genome-wide association study (GWAS) by subtraction,' subtracting genetic effects for cognitive performance from an educational attainment GWAS to create orthogonal 'cognitive' and 'non-cognitive' factors. These cognitive and non-cognitive factors showed associations with behavioral health outcomes in adults; however, whether these correlations are present during childhood is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from up to 5517 youth (ages 9-11) of European ancestry from the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development^SM Study, we examined associations between polygenic scores (PGS) for cognitive and non-cognitive factors and cognition, risk tolerance, decision-making & personality, substance initiation, psychopathology, and brain structure (e.g. volume, fractional anisotropy [FA]). Within-sibling analyses estimated whether observed genetic associations may be consistent with direct genetic effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both PGSs were associated with greater cognition and lower impulsivity, drive, and severity of psychotic-like experiences. The cognitive PGS was also associated with greater risk tolerance, increased odds of choosing delayed reward, and decreased likelihood of ADHD and bipolar disorder; the non-cognitive PGS was associated with lack of perseverance and reward responsiveness. Cognitive PGS were more strongly associated with larger regional cortical volumes; non-cognitive PGS were more strongly associated with higher FA. All associations were characterized by small effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the small sizes of these associations suggest that they are not effective for prediction within individuals, cognitive and non-cognitive PGS show unique associations with phenotypes in childhood at the population level.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anorexia nervosa polygenic risk, beyond diagnoses: relationship with adolescent disordered eating and behaviors in an Australian female twin population.","authors":"Madeleine Curtis, Lucia Colodro-Conde, Sarah E Medland, Scott Gordon, Nicholas G Martin, Tracey D Wade, Sarah Cohen-Woods","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724001727","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724001727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is well established that there is a substantial genetic component to eating disorders (EDs). Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can be used to quantify cumulative genetic risk for a trait at an individual level. Recent studies suggest PRSs for anorexia nervosa (AN) may also predict risk for other disordered eating behaviors, but no study has examined if PRS for AN can predict disordered eating as a global continuous measure. This study aimed to investigate whether PRS for AN predicted overall levels of disordered eating, or specific lifetime disordered eating behaviors, in an Australian adolescent female population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PRSs were calculated based on summary statistics from the largest Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN genome-wide association study to date. Analyses were performed using genome-wide complex trait analysis to test the associations between AN PRS and disordered eating global scores, avoidance of eating, objective bulimic episodes, self-induced vomiting, and driven exercise in a sample of Australian adolescent female twins recruited from the Australian Twin Registry (<i>N</i> = 383).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After applying the false-discovery rate correction, the AN PRS was significantly associated with all disordered eating outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest shared genetic etiology across disordered eating presentations and provide insight into the utility of AN PRS for predicting disordered eating behaviors in the general population. In the future, PRSs for EDs may have clinical utility in early disordered eating risk identification, prevention, and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preconception and prenatal vitamin D associations with positive behavioral health in Black children.","authors":"Alison E Hipwell, Kate Keenan, Irene Tung, Allysa Quick, Hyagriv Simhan, Lisa Bodnar, Nia Buckner","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002472","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low levels of vitamin D during pregnancy are associated with offspring behavioral problems but little is known about pre-pregnancy influences. Additionally, Black American individuals are underrepresented in studies, limiting translational impact. We tested independent and interactive effects of preconception and prenatal vitamin D in Black women in relation to positive behavioral and emotional outcomes in early childhood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Black-identifying participants (<i>N</i> = 156) enrolled in the longitudinal Pittsburgh Girls Study (PGS) provided venous blood samples before and during pregnancy to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels. Participants completed questionnaires assessing sociodemographic factors, depression severity and life stress, and later reported on child behavioral and emotional problems and prosocial behavior between 2 and 4 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 15.5 ng/ml (s.d. = 7.7) before pregnancy and 18.0 ng/ml (s.d. = 9.2) during pregnancy; below the sufficiency threshold according to commonly used dietary guidelines. After adjusting for covariates, prenatal 25(OH)D was negatively related to behavior problems and positively related to prosocial behavior in children, although the association attenuated for behavior problems after accounting for preconception 25(OH)D, which may reflect patterns of stability. Maternal 25(OH)D was unrelated to child emotional problems, and no synergistic effects of 25(OH)D timing were observed for any child outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings have relevance for Black women living in the northeast U.S. Results suggest specific associations between maternal vitamin D and positive behaviors in early childhood, regardless of sufficiency levels and suggest potential opportunities for early interventions to support healthy child development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain resilience dimensions and regional gray matter volume as risk factors for poor outcomes of chronic pain: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Beibei You, Hongwei Wen, Todd Jackson","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724001703","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724001703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pain resilience and regional gray matter volume (rGMV) are established correlates of adaptation to chronic pain within cross-sectional studies. Extending such work, this prospective cohort study tested the status of baseline pain resilience dimension scores and rGMV as risk factors for subsequent exacerbations in chronic pain disability and intensity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>142 adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain completed an initial assessment comprising a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan and self-report measures of cognitive/affective positivity and behavioral perseverance pain resilience dimensions, disability, pain intensity, and demographics. Disability and pain intensity were outcomes re-assessed at a 6-month follow-up. The impact of pain resilience dimension scores and identified rGMV sites on follow-up outcomes was examined after controlling for other baseline correlates of outcomes. Mediating effects of identified rGMV sites on pain resilience dimension-follow-up outcome relations were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aside from the significant multivariate effect of lower behavioral perseverance and cognitive/affective positivity scores, augmented left precuneus, temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus (STG), and precentral gyrus rGMV combined to predict higher follow-up disability levels, independent of covariates. Higher left fusiform gyrus rGMV levels predicted follow-up exacerbations in pain intensity, but pain resilience dimension scores did not. Finally, left precuneus and left temporal pole STG rGMV partially mediated cognitive/affective positivity-follow-up disability relations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings underscore deficits in pain resilience and increased rGMV as potential risk factors for poorer subsequent outcomes of chronic musculoskeletal pain and provide foundations for further prospective extensions as well as targeted intervention research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}