Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Identification of latent classes in mood and anxiety disorders and their transitions over time: a follow-up study in the adult general population.","authors":"Margreet Ten Have, Marlous Tuithof, Saskia van Dorsselaer, Neeltje M Batelaan, Brenda W J H Penninx, Annemarie I Luik, Jeroen K Vermunt","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724001740","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724001740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mood and anxiety disorders are heterogeneous conditions with variable course. Knowledge on latent classes and transitions between these classes over time based on longitudinal disorder status information provides insight into clustering of meaningful groups with different disease prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of all four waves of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 were used, a representative population-based study of adults (mean duration between two successive waves = 3 years; N at T0 = 6646; T1 = 5303; T2 = 4618; T3 = 4007; this results in a total number of data points: 20 574). Presence of eight mood and anxiety DSM-IV disorders was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Latent class analysis and latent Markov modelling were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best fitting model identified four classes: a healthy class (prevalence: 94.1%), depressed-worried class (3.6%; moderate-to-high proportions of mood disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)), fear class (1.8%; moderate-to-high proportions of panic and phobia disorders) and high comorbidity class (0.6%). In longitudinal analyses over a three-year period, the minority of those in the depressed-worried and high comorbidity class persisted in their class over time (36.5% and 38.4%, respectively), whereas the majority in the fear class did (67.3%). Suggestive of recovery is switching to the healthy class, this was 39.7% in the depressed-worried class, 12.5% in the fear class and 7.0% in the high comorbidity class.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People with panic or phobia disorders have a considerably more persistent and chronic disease course than those with depressive disorders including GAD. Consequently, they could especially benefit from longer-term monitoring and disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11496236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprogression happens.","authors":"Eduard Vieta","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002149","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the duration of untreated psychosis worldwide?","authors":"Nnamdi Nkire, Anthony Kinsella, Vincent Russell, John L Waddington","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002125","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disappearance and dissemination of sleep symptoms: the importance of sleep medicine expertise for psychiatry. A comment on Forbes <i>et al</i>.","authors":"Vincent P Martin, Régis Lopez, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi, Christophe Gauld","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724001831","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724001831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commentary of 'Elemental psychopathology: distilling constituent symptoms and patterns of repetition in the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5' Vincent P. Martin 1, Régis Lopez 2,3, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi 4,5, Christophe Gauld 4,6,.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11496210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need estimates of psychiatric beds: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Adrian P Mundt, Enzo Rozas-Serri, Francesco D Fritz, Sabine Delhey, Mathias Siebenförcher, Stefan Priebe","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291724002307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to review and synthesize the need estimates for psychiatric beds, explore how they changed over time and compare them against the prevalence of actually existing beds. We searched PubMed, Embase classic and Embase, PsycINFO and PsycIndex, Open Grey, Google Scholar, Global Health EBSCO and Proquest Dissertations, from inception to September 13, 2022. Publications providing estimates for the required number of psychiatric inpatient beds were included. Need estimates, length of stay, and year of the estimate were extracted. Need estimates were synthesized using medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs). We also computed prevalence ratios of the need estimates and the existing bed capacities at the same time and place. Sixty-five publications with 98 estimates were identified. Estimates for bed needs were trending lower until 2000, after which they stabilized. The twenty-six most recent estimates after 2000 were submitted to data synthesis (<i>n</i> = 15 for beds with unspecified length of stay, <i>n</i> = 7 for short-stay, and <i>n</i> = 4 for long-stay beds). Median estimates per 100 000 population were 47 (IQR: 39 to 50) beds with unspecified length of stay, 28 (IQR: 23 to 31) beds for short-stay, and 10 (IQR: 8 to 11) for long-stay beds. The median prevalence ratio of need estimates and the actual bed prevalence was 1.8 (IQR: 1.3 to 2.3) from 2000 onwards. Historically, the need estimates for psychiatric beds have decreased until about 2000. In the past two decades, they were stable over time and consistently higher than the actual bed numbers provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When wrong is assumed right: a response to vieta.","authors":"Cecilia Samamé","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002101","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11496209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A psychospiritual approach to the integration of Rohingya refugees in Aceh: overcoming stigma and building solidarity.","authors":"Rizky Andana Pohan","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291724002150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undetected suicide attempts among U.S. soldiers: results from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS).","authors":"James A Naifeh, Robert J Ursano, Rachel Shor, Holly B Herberman Mash, Pablo A Aliaga, Carol S Fullerton, Matthew K Nock, Tzu-Cheg Kao, Nancy A Sampson, Ronald C Kessler, Murray B Stein","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724001028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291724001028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While previous studies have reported high rates of documented suicide attempts (SAs) in the U.S. Army, the extent to which soldiers make SAs that are not identified in the healthcare system is unknown. Understanding undetected suicidal behavior is important in broadening prevention and intervention efforts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Representative survey of U.S. Regular Army enlisted soldiers (<i>n</i> = 24 475). Reported SAs during service were compared with SAs documented in administrative medical records. Logistic regression analyses examined sociodemographic characteristics differentiating soldiers with an undetected SA v. documented SA. Among those with an undetected SA, chi-square tests examined characteristics associated with receiving a mental health diagnosis (MH-Dx) prior to SA. Discrete-time survival analysis estimated risk of undetected SA by time in service.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of undetected SA (unweighted <i>n</i> = 259) was 1.3%. Annual incidence was 255.6 per 100 000 soldiers, suggesting one in three SAs are undetected. In multivariable analysis, rank ⩾E5 (OR = 3.1[95%CI 1.6-5.7]) was associated with increased odds of undetected v. documented SA. Females were more likely to have a MH-Dx prior to their undetected SA (Rao-Scott <i>χ</i>²₁ = 6.1, <i>p</i> = .01). Over one-fifth of undetected SAs resulted in at least moderate injury. Risk of undetected SA was greater during the first four years of service.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that substantially more soldiers make SAs than indicated by estimates based on documented attempts. A sizable minority of undetected SAs result in significant injury. Soldiers reporting an undetected SA tend to be higher ranking than those with documented SAs. Undetected SAs require additional approaches to identifying individuals at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent class analysis of depressive symptoms and associations with suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts among a large national sample.","authors":"Annabelle M Mournet, Evan M Kleiman","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002009","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is strongly associated with risk for suicidal behaviors. However, depression is a highly heterogeneous condition (i.e. there are more than 200 combinations of DSM-5-TR depressive symptoms to correspond to a depression diagnosis). Limited research to date has taken an empirical approach to see how people cluster together based on their classification of depressive symptoms and whether people in certain classes are more likely to report suicide outcomes than other classes. This analysis leverages the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and examines classes of depressive symptoms to explore differences in suicide-related outcomes by class among adults endorsing depressive symptoms (<i>n</i> = 41 969).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify classes of individuals' DSM-5 depressive symptoms presentation and then explored differences in suicide-related outcomes (i.e. suicide plans, suicide attempts) by the resulting classes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A four-class model was determined to optimize the fit criteria. Class 3 (high depressive symptoms) had significantly greater rates of suicide-related outcomes, followed by class 1 (high depressed mood and moderate worthlessness), with classes 4 and 2 having significantly lower rates of suicide-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of LCA provided valuable findings on the importance of leveraging both a multi-faceted assessment of depressive symptoms to identify cases where a high number of depressive symptoms are endorsed, and review of the specific symptoms endorsed. Worthlessness, in particular, may be of particular value to focus on within the context of suicide prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11496219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosis risk for lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jean-Paul Selten, Hussam Alrashed, Hans Oh, Gabriëlla A M Blokland","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002253","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The social defeat hypothesis posits that low status and repeated humiliation increase the risk for psychotic disorders (PDs) and psychotic experiences (PEs). The purpose of this paper was to provide a systematic review of studies on risk of PDs and PEs among lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) people and a quantitative synthesis of any difference in risk. PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from database inception until January 30, 2024. Two independent reviewers assessed the eligibility and quality of studies, extracted effect sizes, and noted the results of mediation analyses. Using a random effects model we computed pooled odds ratios (ORs). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The search identified seven studies of PDs and six of PEs. As for PDs, the unadjusted (2.13; 95% confidence interval 0.72-6.34) and covariate-adjusted pooled OR (2.24; 1.72-3.53) were not significantly increased for LGB individuals. After exclusion of a study of limited quality, both the unadjusted pooled OR (2.77; 1.21-6.32) and the covariate-adjusted pooled OR (2.67; 1.53-4.66) were significantly increased. The pooled ORs were increased for PEs: unadjusted, pooled OR = 1.97 (1.47-2.63), covariate-adjusted, pooled OR = 1.85 (1.50-2.28). Studies of PE that examined the mediating role of several variables reported that the contribution of drug abuse was small compared to that of psychosocial stressors. The results of a study in adolescents suggested a protective effect of parental support. These findings suggest an increased psychosis risk for LGB people and support the social defeat hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}