Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Impulsive adolescents exhibit inefficient processing and a low decision threshold when decoding facial expressions of emotions.","authors":"Alison M Schreiber, Nathan T Hall, Daniel F Parr, Michael N Hallquist","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000595","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a debilitating psychiatric illness whose symptoms frequently emerge during adolescence. Critically, self-injury and suicide attempts in BPD are often precipitated by interpersonal discord. Initial studies in adults suggest that the interpersonal difficulties common in BPD may emerge from disrupted processing of socioemotional stimuli. Less is known about these processes in adolescents with BPD symptoms, despite substantial changes in socioemotional processing during this developmental period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-six adolescents and young adults with and without BPD symptoms completed an emotional interference task involving the identification of a facial emotion expression in the presence of a conflicting or congruent emotion word. We used hierarchical drift diffusion modeling to index speed of processing and decision boundary. Using Bayesian multilevel regression, we characterized age-related differences in facial emotion processing. We examined whether BPD symptom dimensions were associated with alterations in facial emotion processing. To determine the specificity of our effects, we analyzed behavioral data from a corresponding nonemotional interference task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Emotion-related impulsivity, but not negative affectivity or interpersonal dysfunction, predicted inefficient processing when presented with conflicting negative emotional stimuli. Across both tasks, emotion-related impulsivity in adolescents, but not young adults, was further associated with a lower decision boundary - resulting in fast but inaccurate decisions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Impulsive adolescents with BPD symptoms are prone to making errors when appraising facial emotion expressions, which may potentiate or worsen interpersonal conflicts. Our findings highlight the role of lower-level social cognitive processes in interpersonal difficulties among vulnerable youth during a sensitive developmental window.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e105"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using machine learning to identify features associated with different types of self-injurious behaviors in autistic youth.","authors":"Ligia Antezana, Caitlin M Conner, Safaa Eldeeb, Samuel Turecki, Matthew Siegel, Helmet T Karim, Carla A Mazefsky","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000637","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-injurious behaviors (SIB) are common in autistic people. SIB is mainly studied as a broad category, rather than by specific SIB types. We aimed to determine associations of distinct SIB types with common psychiatric, emotional, medical, and socio-demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included 323 autistic youth (~50% non-/minimally-speaking) with high-confidence autism diagnoses ages 4-21 years. Data were collected by the Autism Inpatient Collection during admission to a specialized psychiatric inpatient unit (www.sfari.org/resource/autism-inpatient-collection/). Caregivers completed questionnaires about their child, including SIB type and severity. The youth completed assessments with clinicians. Elastic net regressions identified associations between SIB types and factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No single factor relates to all SIB types. SIB types have unique sets of associations. Consistent with previous work, more repetitive motor movements and lower adaptive skills are associated with most types of SIB; female sex is associated with hair/skin pulling and self-rubbing/scratching. More attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms are associated with self-rubbing/scratching, skin picking, hair/skin pulling, and inserts finger/object. Inserts finger/object has the most medical condition associations. Self-hitting against surface/object has the most emotion dysregulation associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Specific SIB types have unique sets of associations. Future work can develop clinical likelihood scores for specific SIB types in inpatient settings, which can be tested with large community samples. Current approaches for SIB focus on the behavior functions, but there is an opportunity to further develop interventions by considering the specific SIB type in assessment and treatment. Identifying factors associated with specific SIB types may aid with screening, prevention, and treatment of these often-impairing behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e98"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations of naturalistic psychedelic use with psychotic and manic symptoms.","authors":"Otto Simonsson, Simon B Goldberg, Walter Osika, Cecilia U D Stenfors, Sankalp Chaturvedi, Caroline M Swords, Jayanth Narayanan, Peter S Hendricks","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000716","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Findings from contemporary clinical trials suggest that psychedelics are generally safe and may be effective in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. However, less is known about the risks associated with psychedelic use outside of medically supervised contexts, particularly in populations that are typically excluded from participation in clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a preregistered longitudinal observational research design with a purposive sample of US residents between 18 and 50 years old (<i>N</i>=21,990), we investigated associations between self-reported naturalistic psychedelic use and psychotic and manic symptoms, with emphasis on those with psychiatric histories of schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The follow-up survey was completed by 12,345 participants (56% retention), with 505 participants reporting psychedelic use during the 2-month study period. In covariate-adjusted regression models, psychedelic use during the study period was associated with increases in the severity of psychotic and manic symptoms. However, such increases were only observed for those who reported psychedelic use in an illegal context. While increases in the severity of psychotic symptoms appeared to depend on the frequency of use and the intensity of challenging psychedelic experiences, increases in the severity of manic symptoms appeared to be moderated by a personal history of schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder and the subjective experience of insight during a psychedelic experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that naturalistic psychedelic use specifically in illegal contexts may lead to increases in the severity of psychotic and manic symptoms. Such increases may depend on the frequency of use, the acute subjective psychedelic experience, and psychiatric history.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e99"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polygenic overlap of substance use behaviors and disorders with externalizing and internalizing problems independent of genetic correlations.","authors":"Laila Al-Soufi, Guy Hindley, Linn Rødevand, Alexey A Shadrin, Piotr Jaholkowski, Vera Fominykh, Romain Icick, Markos Tesfaye, Javier Costas, Ole A Andreassen","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000108","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Externalizing and internalizing pathways may lead to the development of substance use behaviors (SUBs) and substance use disorders (SUDs), which are all heritable phenotypes. Genetic correlation studies have indicated differences in the genetic susceptibility between SUBs and SUDs. We investigated whether these substance use phenotypes are differently related to externalizing and internalizing problems at a genetic level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of four SUBs and SUDs, five externalizing traits, and five internalizing traits using the bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR) to estimate genetic overlap beyond genetic correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two distinct patterns were found. SUBs demonstrated high genetic overlap but low genetic correlation of shared variants with internalizing traits, suggesting a pattern of mixed effect directions of shared genetic variants. Conversely, SUDs and externalizing traits exhibited considerable genetic overlap with moderate to high positive genetic correlation of shared variants, suggesting concordant effect direction of shared risk variants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight the importance of the externalizing pathway in SUDs as well as the limited role of the internalizing pathway in SUBs. As MiXeR is not intended for the identification of specific genes, further studies are needed to reveal the underlying shared mechanisms of these traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The causal role of male pubertal timing for the development of externalizing and internalizing traits: results from Mendelian randomization studies.","authors":"Lars Dinkelbach, Triinu Peters, Corinna Grasemann, Anke Hinney, Raphael Hirtz","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000352","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preexisting epidemiological studies suggest that early pubertal development in males is associated with externalizing (e.g. conduct problems, risky behavior, and aggression) and internalizing (e.g. depression and anxiety) traits and disorders. However, due to problems inherent to observational studies, especially of residual confounding, it remains unclear whether these associations are causal. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies take advantage of the random allocation of genes at conception and can establish causal relationships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, N = 76 independent genetic variants for male puberty timing (MPT) were derived from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 205,354 participants and used as an instrumental variable in MR studies on 17 externalizing and internalizing traits and psychopathologies utilizing outcome GWAS with 16,400-1,045,957 participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In these MR studies, earlier MPT was significantly associated with higher scores for the overarching phenotype of 'Externalizing Traits' (b = -0.03, 95% CI [-0.06, -0.01]). However, this effect was likely driven by an earlier age at first sexual contact (b = -0.17, 95% CI [-0.21, -0.13]), without evidence for an effect on further externalizing phenotypes. Regarding internalizing phenotypes, earlier MPT was associated with higher levels of the 'Depressed Affect' subdomain of neuroticism (b = -0.04, 95% CI [-0.07, -0.01]). Late MPT was related to higher scores of internalizing traits in early life (b = 0.04, 95% CI [0.01, 0.08]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This comprehensive MR study supports a causal effect of MPT on specific traits and behaviors. However, no evidence for an effect of MPT on long-term clinical outcomes (depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol dependency, cannabis abuse) was found.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medial parietal alpha-frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation for chronic insomnia: a randomized sham-controlled trial.","authors":"Li Wang, Yanlin Chen, Zhixin Piao, Xuecun Gu, Hongzhi Liu, Di Wang, Zilong Yan, Yanru Liu, Guang Shi, Qing Cui, Tiantian Liu, Yang Li, Zhulin Xiao, Wei Meng, Tianyi Yan, Kun Wang","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000625","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with chronic insomnia are characterized by alterations in default mode network and alpha oscillations, for which the medial parietal cortex (MPC) is a key node and thus a potential target for interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-six adults with chronic insomnia were randomly assigned to 2 mA, alpha-frequency (10 Hz), 30 min active or sham transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) applied over the MPC for 10 sessions completed within two weeks, followed by 4- and 6-week visits. The connectivity of the dorsal and ventral posterior cingulate cortex (vPCC) was calculated based on resting functional MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the primary outcome, the active group showed a higher response rate (≥ 50% reduction in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) at week 6 than that of the sham group (71.4% versus 3.6%) (risk ratio 20.0, 95% confidence interval 2.9 to 139.0, p = 0.0025). For the secondary outcomes, the active therapy induced greater and sustained improvements (versus sham) in the PSQI, depression (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), and cognitive deficits (Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression) scores. The response rates in the active group decreased at weeks 8-14 (42.9%-57.1%). Improvement in sleep was associated with connectivity between the vPCC and the superior frontal gyrus and the inferior parietal lobe, whereas vPCC-to-middle frontal gyrus connectivity was associated with cognitive benefits and vPCC-to-ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity was associated with alleviation in rumination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Targeting the MPC with alpha-tACS appears to be an effective treatment for chronic insomnia, and vPCC connectivity represents a prognostic marker of treatment outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical morphometric similarity gradient in schizophrenia and its association with transcriptional profiles and clinical phenotype.","authors":"Yong Han, Xiujuan Wang, Shumin Cheng, Pengyue Yan, Yi Chen, Ning Kang, Zhilu Zhou, Xiaoge Guo, Yanli Lu, Qi Wang, Xue Li, Xi Su, Han Shi, Qing Liu, Wenqiang Li, Yongfeng Yang, Luxian Lv","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000479","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent studies have increasingly utilized gradient metrics to investigate the spatial transitions of brain organization, enabling the conversion of macroscale brain features into low-dimensional manifold representations. However, it remains unclear whether alterations exist in the cortical morphometric similarity (MS) network gradient in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). This study aims to examine potential differences in the principal MS gradient between individuals with SCZ and healthy controls and to explore how these differences relate to transcriptional profiles and clinical phenomenology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MS network was constructed in this study, and its gradient of the network was computed in 203 patients with SCZ and 201 healthy controls, who shared the same demographics in terms of age and gender. To examine irregularities in the MS network gradient, between-group comparisons were carried out, and partial least squares regression analysis was used to study the relationships between the MS network gradient-based variations in SCZ, and gene expression patterns and clinical phenotype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In contrast to healthy controls, the principal MS gradient of patients with SCZ was primarily significantly lower in sensorimotor areas, and higher in more areas. In addition, the aberrant gradient pattern was spatially linked with the genes enriched for neurobiologically significant pathways and preferential expression in various brain regions and cortical layers. Furthermore, there were strong positive connections between the principal MS gradient and the symptomatologic score in SCZ.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings showed changes in the principal MS network gradient in SCZ and offered potential molecular explanations for the structural changes underpinning SCZ.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e97"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental psychiatric disorders and age-specific risk for offspring major depression: Finnish nationwide register-based study.","authors":"Subina Upadhyaya, Dan Sucksdorff, Miina Koskela, Keely Cheslack-Postava, Alan S Brown, Andre Sourander","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000662","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited studies have examined the association between the whole range of parental psychopathology and offspring major depression (MD). No previous study has examined this association by age of onset of offspring MD, or restricting to parental psychiatric diagnoses before offspring birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nested case-control study included 37,677 cases of MD and 145,068 controls, identified from Finnish national registers. Conditional logistic regression models examined the association between parental psychopathology and MD, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased risk of MD, expressed as adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (aOR [95% CI]) were most strongly observed for maternal diagnoses of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (2.51 [2.24-2.82]) and depression (2.19 [2.11-2.28]), and paternal diagnoses of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (2.0 [1.75-2.29]) and conduct disorders (1.90 [1.40-2.59]). The aORs for any psychiatric diagnosis were (2.66 [2.54-2.78]) for mothers, (1.95 [1.86-2.04]) for fathers, and (4.50 [4.24-4.79]) for both parents. When both parents had any psychiatric diagnosis, the highest risk was for MD diagnosed at the age of 5-12 years (7.66 [6.60-8.89]); versus at 13-18 years (4.13 [3.85-4.44]) or 19-25 years (3.37 [2.78-4.07]). A stronger association with parental psychopathology and offspring MD was seen among boys than girls, especially among 13-19 years and 19-25 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parental psychiatric disorders, including those diagnosed before offspring birth, were associated with offspring MD, indicating potential genetic and environmental factors in the development of the disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e96"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive behavioral interventions for depression and anxiety in adults with neurological disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis: reply to Zhou et al.","authors":"Milena Gandy, Thomas Woldhuis, Wendy Wu, Marette Youssef, Madelyne A Bisby, Blake F Dear, Andreea I Heriseanu, Amelia J Scott","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000613","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e94"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimal clinically important differences for treatment of hallucinations in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.","authors":"Suzanne Reeves, Josef Mahdi, Matthew Appleby, Olga Zubko, Teresa Lee, Julie A Barber, Kathy Y Liu, John-Paul Taylor, Emily J Henderson, Anette Schrag, Robert Howard, Rimona S Weil","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000534","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725000534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hallucinations are common and distressing symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Treatment response in clinical trials is measured using validated questionnaires, including the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms-Hallucinations (SAPS-H) and University of Miami PD Hallucinations Questionnaire (UM-PDHQ). The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) has not been determined for either scale. This study aimed to estimate a range of MCIDs for SAPS-H and UM-PDHQ using both consensus-based and statistical approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Delphi survey was used to seek opinions of researchers, clinicians, and people with lived experience. We defined consensus as agreement ≥75%. Statistical approaches used blinded data from the first 100 PD participants in the Trial for Ondansetron as Parkinson's Hallucinations Treatment (TOP HAT, NCT04167813). The distribution-based approach defined the MCID as 0.5 of the standard deviation of change in scores from baseline at 12 weeks. The anchor-based approach defined the MCID as the average change in scores corresponding to a 1-point improvement in clinical global impression-severity scale (CGI-S).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-one researchers and clinicians contributed to three rounds of the Delphi survey and reached consensus that the MCID was 2 points on both scales. Sixteen experts with lived experience reached the same consensus. Distribution-defined MCIDs were 2.6 points for SAPS-H and 1.3 points for UM-PDHQ, whereas anchor-based MCIDs were 2.1 and 1.3 points, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We used triangulation from multiple methodologies to derive the range of MCID estimates for the two rating scales, which was between 2 and 2.7 points for SAPS-H and 1.3 and 2 points for UM-PDHQ.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e93"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}