Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第3页

EXPRESS: ALTERCENTRISM IN PERSPECTIVE-TAKING: THE ROLE OF HUMANIZATION IN EMBODYING THE AGENT'S POINT OF VIEW. 表达：透视中的改变中心主义：人性化在体现代理人观点中的作用。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241300252

Massimiliano Conson, Isa Zappullo, Gennaro Cordasco, Luigi Trojano, Gennaro Raimo, Roberta Cecere, Chiara Baiano, Anna Lauro, Anna Esposito

{"title":"EXPRESS: ALTERCENTRISM IN PERSPECTIVE-TAKING: THE ROLE OF HUMANIZATION IN EMBODYING THE AGENT'S POINT OF VIEW.","authors":"Massimiliano Conson, Isa Zappullo, Gennaro Cordasco, Luigi Trojano, Gennaro Raimo, Roberta Cecere, Chiara Baiano, Anna Lauro, Anna Esposito","doi":"10.1177/17470218241300252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241300252","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the role of humanization in Visual Perspective-Taking (VPT) by testing whether and how agent's human-likeness and attractiveness ('hedonic quality') interact with social cues (action and eye gaze) in influencing the participants' disposition to embody another's perspective. In a VPT task, participants viewed scenes displaying an actor (human or robotic) grasping, gazing (or both) a target object, or adopting a still posture, and were required to judge the left/right location of the target, without receiving any instruction on the perspective to be assumed. Across two studies we selected human and robotic agents to use as actors in the VPT task. Results consistently demonstrated that participants could be effectively clustered by a data-driven method into two perspective-taking styles, depending on the presence of a systematic tendency to locate the target object in the VPT scenarios from own (egocentric) or the actor's (altercentric) point of view. The human vs. non-human nature of the agent seemed able to affect the participants' egocentric or altercentric tendency whereas both the agent's hedonic quality and social cues were not able to influence this propensity. Identifying the factors influencing altercentrism during human-robot interactions can be essential for developing artificial agents favouring user's acceptance and willingness to interact. In this respect, considering differences among individuals in their propensity to take another's point of view may be of central importance. Clustering approaches can represent a useful means to capture interindividual differences in this central aspect of human social cognition.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241300252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Enhanced auditory serial recall of recently presented auditory digits following auditory distractor presentation in blind individuals. 表达：盲人在听觉分心物出现后，对最近出现的听觉数字的听觉连续回忆能力增强。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241300115

Julia Föcker, Leyu Huang, Alliza Caling, Marieke Fischer, Andreas Ihle, Tim Hodgson, Florian Kattner

{"title":"EXPRESS: Enhanced auditory serial recall of recently presented auditory digits following auditory distractor presentation in blind individuals.","authors":"Julia Föcker, Leyu Huang, Alliza Caling, Marieke Fischer, Andreas Ihle, Tim Hodgson, Florian Kattner","doi":"10.1177/17470218241300115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241300115","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to focus on task-relevant information while ignoring distractors is essential in many everyday life situations. The question of how profound and moderate visual deprivation impacts the engagement with a demanding memory task (top-down control) while ignoring task-irrelevant perceptual information (bottom-up) is not thoroughly understood. In this experiment, 17 blind individuals, 17 visually impaired individuals and 17 sighted controls were asked to recall the sequence of eight auditorily presented digits. Following digit presentation, two auditory distractor streams including a repetitive presentation of the same syllables (steady state sounds) or different syllables (changing state sounds) occurred spoken in different emotional prosodies (happy, fearful, angry, and neutral). Blind individuals not only showed overall superior serial recall performance, but also displayed sustained memory retention for items presented more recently in the sequence (specifically at the fifth to the eighth digit positions) compared to sighted and visually impaired individuals. Furthermore, blind individuals showed a weaker serial position effect compared to visually impaired and sighted individuals. Emotional prosody also impacted serial recall differently in blind, visually impaired and sighted controls: Sighted and visually impaired participants exhibited improved serial recall when steady state sounds carried a fearful or angry prosody. By contrast, in the steady state condition, emotional prosody had no effect on serial recall performance in blind individuals.These findings may be linked to the enhanced ability of blind individuals to flexibly apply a combination of strategies, such as Association and Grouping.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241300115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: On the interchangeability of presentation order for cause and effect: Experimental tests of cue and outcome density effects. 快讯：关于因果呈现顺序的互换性：线索和结果密度效应的实验测试。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241299407

Sahana Shankar, Nicola Byrom, Wijnand Adriaan Pieter Van Tilburg, Tim Rakow

{"title":"EXPRESS: On the interchangeability of presentation order for cause and effect: Experimental tests of cue and outcome density effects.","authors":"Sahana Shankar, Nicola Byrom, Wijnand Adriaan Pieter Van Tilburg, Tim Rakow","doi":"10.1177/17470218241299407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241299407","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of cue-outcome contingency learning demonstrate outcome-density effects: participants typically overestimate contingencies when the outcome event is relatively frequent. Equivalent cue-density effects occur, though these have been examined less often. Few studies have simultaneously examined both those event density effects or have manipulated the presentation order of the events,limiting knowledge of whether these phenomena share underlying principles-. We report three well-powered experiments to address those gaps. Participants judged the effectiveness of a medical treatment after viewing a series of pairings for two events, a cause (treatment given vs. not) and an effect (patient recovered vs. not). Experiment 1 manipulated both event densities independently. We then manipulated the presentation order for the cause and the effect, alongside a manipulation of effect density (Experiment 2a) or cause density (Experiment 2b). Experiment 1 found a large main effect of event-density (η_p^2 =.55), which was qualified by a significant interaction between event type and density level (η_p^2 =.10) whereby effect density had greater impact than cause density. Experiments 2a and 2b found effects for effect-density (η_p^2=.60) and cause-density (η_p^2=.31). The effects of cause-effect presentation order were always small and non-significant. We conclude that effect-density manipulations had substantial impact on contingency judgments, and cause-density manipulations less so. Moreover, it matters little which event (cause or effect) is seen first. These findings have implications for contingency, associative, probabilistic, and causal models of contingency judgment; primarily, that people may be more sensitive to the causal status of events than to their temporal order of presentation.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241299407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: What are the benefits of directed attention within verbal working memory? 表达：语言工作记忆中的定向注意有什么好处？

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241299918

Stephanie Jeanneret, Evie Vergauwe, Caro Hautekiet, Naomi Langerock

{"title":"EXPRESS: What are the benefits of directed attention within verbal working memory?","authors":"Stephanie Jeanneret, Evie Vergauwe, Caro Hautekiet, Naomi Langerock","doi":"10.1177/17470218241299918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241299918","url":null,"abstract":"Information that is particularly relevant for upcoming behavior can be prioritized within working memory, by directing attention to it. Receiving focused attention during retention is assumed to be associated with specific benefits, such as increased memory performance and reduced vulnerability to perceptual distractions. This has been demonstrated in visuospatial working memory. Given the domain-general nature of the focus of attention, these benefits should extend to verbal working memory as well. This was tested in the current study. In particular, we examined and compared the effects of cue-based and reward-based prioritization in verbal working memory across a series of five preregistered experiments. These experiments varied in their memory materials, set size, interference, and memory task. Our results collectively revealed several key findings. Firstly, both cue-based and reward-based prioritization led to a clear and consistent memory boost for prioritized information in verbal working memory. Secondly, the memory boost induced by cue-based prioritization was mostly comparable to that induced by reward-based prioritization. Thirdly, memory for verbal information did not drastically suffer when exposed to perceptual interference. And lastly, the effect of perceptual interference on verbal information was not drastically influenced by whether the information was prioritized or not. Overall, this series of experiments contributes to understanding the consequences of directed attention in verbal working memory and highlights similarities and differences from findings in visuospatial working memory.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241299918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contextual diversity and anchoring: Null effects on learning word forms and opposing effects on learning word meanings. 语境多样性与锚定:对词形学习无效，对词义学习相反。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231218990

Jiayin Li, Louise Wong, Catarina Rodrigues, Rachael C Hulme, Holly Joseph, Fiona E Kyle, J S H Taylor

{"title":"Contextual diversity and anchoring: Null effects on learning word forms and opposing effects on learning word meanings.","authors":"Jiayin Li, Louise Wong, Catarina Rodrigues, Rachael C Hulme, Holly Joseph, Fiona E Kyle, J S H Taylor","doi":"10.1177/17470218231218990","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231218990","url":null,"abstract":"Words that appear in many contexts/topics are recognised faster than those occurring in fewer contexts. However, contextual diversity benefits are less clear in word learning studies. Mak et al. proposed that diversity benefits might be enhanced if new word meanings are anchored before introducing diversity. In our study, adults (N = 288) learned meanings for eight pseudowords, four experienced in six topics (high diversity) and four in one topic (low diversity). All items were first experienced five times in one topic (anchoring phase), and results were compared to Norman et al. which used a similar paradigm without an anchoring phase. An old-new decision post-test (did you learn this word?) showed null effects of contextual diversity on written form recognition accuracy and response time, mirroring Norman et al. A cloze task involved choosing which pseudoword completed a sentence. For sentences situated in a previously experienced context, accuracy was significantly higher for pseudowords learned in the low diversity condition, whereas for sentences situated in a new context, accuracy was non-significantly higher for pseudowords learned in the high diversity condition. Anchoring modulated these effects. Low diversity item accuracy was unaffected by anchoring. However, for high-diversity items, accuracy in familiar contexts was better in the current experiment (anchoring) than in Norman et al. (non-anchoring), but accuracy in new contexts did not differ between the two experiments. These results suggest that anchoring facilitates meaning use in familiar contexts, but not generalisation to new contexts, nor word recognition in isolation.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2180-2198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing time-based prospective memory online: A comparison study between laboratory-based and web-based testing. EXPRESS：在线评估基于时间的前瞻性记忆：实验室测试与网络测试的比较研究。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231220578

Gianvito Laera, Alexandra Hering, Matthias Kliegel

{"title":"Assessing time-based prospective memory online: A comparison study between laboratory-based and web-based testing.","authors":"Gianvito Laera, Alexandra Hering, Matthias Kliegel","doi":"10.1177/17470218231220578","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231220578","url":null,"abstract":"Prospective memory (PM, i.e., the ability to remember and perform future intentions) is assessed mainly within laboratory settings; however, in the last two decades, several studies have started testing PM online. Most part of those studies focused on event-based PM (EBPM), and only a few assessed time-based PM (TBPM), possibly because time keeping is difficult to control or standardise without experimental control. Thus, it is still unclear whether time monitoring patterns in online studies replicate typical patterns obtained in laboratory tasks. In this study, we therefore aimed to investigate whether the behavioural outcome measures obtained from the traditional TBPM paradigm in the laboratory-accuracy and time monitoring-are comparable with an online version in a sample of 101 younger adults. Results showed no significant difference in TBPM performance in the laboratory versus online setting, as well as no difference in time monitoring. However, we found that participants were somewhat faster and more accurate at the ongoing task during the laboratory assessment, but those differences were not related to holding an intention in mind. The findings suggest that, although participants seemed generally more distracted when tested remotely, online assessment yielded similar results in key temporal characteristics and behavioural performance as for the laboratory assessment. The results are discussed in terms of possible conceptual and methodological implications for online testing.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2214-2227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stereotypes bias social class perception from faces: The roles of race, gender, affect, and attractiveness. 快讯：从面孔看陈规定型观念对社会阶层的偏见：种族、性别、情感和吸引力的作用。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241230469

R Thora Bjornsdottir, Elizabeth Beacon

{"title":"Stereotypes bias social class perception from faces: The roles of race, gender, affect, and attractiveness.","authors":"R Thora Bjornsdottir, Elizabeth Beacon","doi":"10.1177/17470218241230469","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241230469","url":null,"abstract":"People quickly form consequential impressions of others' social class standing from nonverbal cues, including facial appearance. Extant research shows that perceivers judge faces that appear more positive, attractive, and healthy as higher-class, in line with stereotypes associating high class standing with happiness, attractiveness, and better wellbeing (which bear a kernel of truth). A wealth of research, moreover, demonstrates strong stereotypical associations between social class and both race and gender. The current work bridged these areas of inquiry to explore (1) intersectional biases in social class impressions from faces and (2) how associations between social class and attractiveness/health and affect can be used to shift social class impressions. Our studies found evidence of race and gender stereotypes impacting British perceivers' social class judgements, with Black (vs. White and Asian) and female (vs. male) faces judged as lower in class. Furthermore, manipulating faces' emotion expression shifted judgements of their social class, with variations in magnitude by faces' race, such that emotion expressions shifted judgements of Black faces more than White faces. Finally, manipulating faces' complexion to appear healthier/more attractive shifted social class judgements, with the magnitude of this varying by faces' and perceivers' race, suggesting a role of perceptual expertise. These findings demonstrate that stereotypes bias social class impressions and can be used to manipulate them.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2339-2353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139521490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Created stepping-stone configurations depend on task constraints. EXPRESS：创建的阶石配置取决于任务限制。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241242420

Jeffrey B Wagman, Maisha Tahsin Orthy, Amy M Jeschke, Tyler Duffrin

{"title":"Created stepping-stone configurations depend on task constraints.","authors":"Jeffrey B Wagman, Maisha Tahsin Orthy, Amy M Jeschke, Tyler Duffrin","doi":"10.1177/17470218241242420","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241242420","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that choices about how to configure stepping-stones to be used as playground or exercise equipment reflect a person's action capabilities. In two experiments, we investigated whether choices about how to configure stepping-stones to be used as a path for locomotion additionally reflect the goals for which or the constraints under which the path is to be used. In Experiment 1, participants created stepping-stone configurations (with rubber mats) that would allow them to cross a given space quickly, comfortably, or carefully. Configurations in the \"Quickly\" condition consisted of fewer mats, and longer mean (linear) distances between mats, and greater \"challenge\" (relative to maximum stepping distance) than in the other two conditions. In Experiment 2, participants created stepping-stone configurations that would be fun to use or that would be easy to use to cross a given space. Configurations in the \"Fun\" condition consisted of more mats, longer linear distances between mats, and greater \"challenge\" than those in the \"Easy\" condition. Moreover, paths in the \"Fun\" condition were also wider, longer, and exhibited larger changes in distances and angles between consecutive mats than in the \"Easy\" condition. The results are discussed both in terms of implications for understanding affordances and for the design of stepping-stone paths.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2283-2295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associative interference and nonreinforcement in human contingency learning. 表达：人类权变学习中的联想干扰和非强化作用

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231220365

Jérémie Jozefowiez, James E Witnauer, Jovin Huang, Jared W Silverstein, Samuel Woltag, Sarah Chew, Ralph R Miller

{"title":"Associative interference and nonreinforcement in human contingency learning.","authors":"Jérémie Jozefowiez, James E Witnauer, Jovin Huang, Jared W Silverstein, Samuel Woltag, Sarah Chew, Ralph R Miller","doi":"10.1177/17470218231220365","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231220365","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports three experiments comparing the impact on contingency assessment of associative cue interference (proactive, interspersed, and retroactive) and nonreinforcement (latent inhibition, partial reinforcement, and extinction). All three experiments used variants of the rapid trial streaming procedure developed by Allan and collaborators. Participants were exposed to stimulus streams and then asked how likely it was for a target cue to be accompanied (Experiment 1) or to be followed (Experiments 2 and 3) by a target outcome. Experiments 1 and 2 looked at interference and found that when the objective target cue-outcome contingency is positive, interspersed interference is more effective than either proactive or retroactive interference. Experiment 2 additionally showed that this conclusion was a function of the target cue-outcome contingency: when the number of cue-outcome pairings was low, retroactive interference was more efficient than interspersed interference. Experiment 3 examined nonreinforcement and found that the efficacies of latent inhibition, partial reinforcement, and extinction are also a function of the target cue-outcome contingency, but the pattern differed greatly from what was observed in Experiment 2. When the number of cue-outcome pairings was high, there was no difference between latent inhibition, partial reinforcement, and extinction. When the number of cue-outcome pairings was low, extinction did not lower the contingency judgement, whereas latent inhibition and partial reinforcement did.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2228-2243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unravelling the dynamics of response force: Investigating motor restraint and motor cancellation through go/no-go and stop-signal tasks. 解析响应力的动力学:通过Go/No-Go和stop信号任务研究运动约束和运动取消。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231219867

Zijian Wang, Xinyu Liu, Xiangqian Li

{"title":"Unravelling the dynamics of response force: Investigating motor restraint and motor cancellation through go/no-go and stop-signal tasks.","authors":"Zijian Wang, Xinyu Liu, Xiangqian Li","doi":"10.1177/17470218231219867","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231219867","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research has found that the go/no-go (GNG) task primarily reflects participants' motor-restraint process, while the stop-signal task (SST) primarily represents participants' motor-cancellation process. However, traditional binary keyboards used in these experiments are unable to capture the subtleties of sub-threshold response-force dynamics. This has led to the neglect of potential sub-threshold motor-inhibition processes. In two experiments, we explored sub-threshold inhibition by using a custom force-sensitive keyboard to record response force in both GNG and SST. In experiment 1, participants displayed increased response force when correctly rejecting no-go targets in the GNG task compared to the baseline. In addition, they exhibited higher response force in hit trials than in false alarms, revealing engagement of both motor-restraint and motor-cancellation processes in GNG. Initially, participants utilised motor restraint, but if it failed to prevent inappropriate responses, they employed motor cancellation to stop responses before reaching the keypress threshold. In experiment 2, we used participants' average response-force amplitude and response-force latency in SST stop trials to characterise the motor-cancellation process. Average amplitude significantly predicted false-alarm rates in the GNG task, but the relationship between response latency and false-alarm rates was insignificant. We hypothesised that response latency reflects reactive inhibition control in motor cancellation, whereas average amplitude indicates proactive inhibition control. Our findings underscore the complexity of motor inhibition.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2199-2213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0