Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第3页

EXPRESS: Font size and valence judgment: effect of font sizes in competition.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251328365

Thibaut Brouillet, Vincent Dru, Denis Brouillet

{"title":"EXPRESS: Font size and valence judgment: effect of font sizes in competition.","authors":"Thibaut Brouillet, Vincent Dru, Denis Brouillet","doi":"10.1177/17470218251328365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218251328365","url":null,"abstract":"The \"font size effect\" has been rarely studied in the context of valence judgments. In this paper, we aimed to determine whether the font size of neutral words could influence their perceived positivity. We conducted four experiments. In the first two experiments, the words appeared in the participants' peripersonal space (i.e., area immediately surrounding the body, where one can easily act). The first experiment showed that words in size 36 were judged more positively than words in size 18. The second experiment showed that words in size 18 were judged more positively than words in size 9 and more positively than they were in Experiment 1.In the third and fourth experiments, the words appeared in the participants' extrapersonal space (i.e., space beyond the reach of the body). The results of the third experiment showed that words in size 36 were judged more positively than those in size 18. The fourth experiment revealed that words in size 72 were judged more positively than those in size 36. However, words in size 36 in this experiment were judged less positively than those in size 36 in Experiment 3. Finally, neutral words in sizes 18 and 36 in Experiment 1 (peripersonal space) were judged more positively than in Experiment 3 (extrapersonal space). Taken together, these results support the idea that valence is influenced by the relative contrast between competing sizes rather than by an inherent size-related valence and the space in which they appear.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218251328365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does oral breathing disrupt memory consolidation during waking rest? A registered report.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251328994

Bethanie Richards, Henning Holle, Shane Lindsay

{"title":"Does oral breathing disrupt memory consolidation during waking rest? A registered report.","authors":"Bethanie Richards, Henning Holle, Shane Lindsay","doi":"10.1177/17470218251328994","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218251328994","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of waking rest, whereby passive rest is compared with an active task, have shown a benefit for declarative memory during short waking rest periods, which has been argued to result from the active task disrupting slow oscillations that occur during rest. Arshamian et al. (2018) found that nasal breathing while resting for an hour led to an advantage for olfactory memory consolidation compared with oral breathing, which has also been argued to result from the disruption of slow oscillations during oral breathing. In the present pre-registered research, we looked to see whether this oral breathing disruption extended to impair declarative memory consolidation, and if it is modulated by the presence of an active task. We used a 2 × 2 within-participants counterbalanced design of two sessions separated by a week where participants breathed either orally (induced by a nose clip) or nasally (induced through tape over the mouth). Each session involved learning two sets of pseudowords followed by either waking rest or an active task (N-back) for 15 min during the breathing manipulation. Memory performance was assessed by a recognition task. Our results show that the nasal advantage did not generalise to pseudowords, nor were we able to replicate the waking rest advantage or show an interaction between these factors. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence that challenges the consistency of the waking rest advantage and highlights the need for further exploration of the influence of breathing pathway on memory processes.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218251328994"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individuals with developmental prosopagnosia tend to focus more evenly on facial features.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251327141

Rui Zhang, Bo Yang, Yongxin Li, Jialin Ma

{"title":"Individuals with developmental prosopagnosia tend to focus more evenly on facial features.","authors":"Rui Zhang, Bo Yang, Yongxin Li, Jialin Ma","doi":"10.1177/17470218251327141","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218251327141","url":null,"abstract":"The facial processing characteristics of developmental prosopagnosia (DP) have long been a focus of research. In this study, we used behavioral and eye movement techniques to explore the facial fixation characteristics of DP by comparing the fixation patterns during facial recognition between people with DP and control individuals. A mixed 2 (group: control, DP) × 3 (area of interest [AOI]: eyes, nose, mouth) experimental design was adopted, dividing faces into 3 AOIs: eyes, nose, and mouth. The behavioral results showed that facial recognition scores were lower in the DP group than in the control group. The eye movement results showed that the duration and number of eye and nose fixations were greater than those on the mouth in the control group; however, the duration and number of fixations on the eyes, nose, and mouth did not differ in the DP group. These results confirmed that the control group focused more on the eyes and nose when recognizing faces, whereas the DP group adopted a more even browsing pattern to focus on various facial features. Overall, the differences between the fixation patterns of the control group and the DP group were explored with the help of eye-tracking technology, which revealed that the fixation patterns of the DP group were more evenly spread across multiple facial features than those of the control group were, providing a new perspective for researchers to further explore the causes of DP and formulate effective intervention programs.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218251327141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: 'Some like it cold'. On the association between the physical and affective notion of warmth.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251329230

Elena Daprati, Gaetano Marrocco, Daniele Nico

{"title":"EXPRESS: 'Some like it cold'. On the association between the physical and affective notion of warmth.","authors":"Elena Daprati, Gaetano Marrocco, Daniele Nico","doi":"10.1177/17470218251329230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218251329230","url":null,"abstract":"Various observations suggest a strong mental association between the physical and affective notion of warmth, possibly originating from early experiences with the parental figures. Behaviourally, this link could increase propensity to interact with, and bestow trust on, other individuals when prompted with warm primes. We investigated whether a similar phenomenon may follow the experience of coldness. Indeed, by evoking the idea of a rational, self-controlled person rather than that of an emotional one, the notion of 'cold' may elicit that of reliability, driving some individuals to behave more pro-socially in response to cold primes. To test this possibility, we collected a quantitative measure of the stereotypical 'warm=trustworthy' association from a sample of healthy volunteers (Exp1, N=50) and verified whether variability in this parameter predicts behavioural responses to thermal primes in an Investment Game (Exp2, N=32). An implicit link between qualities denoting trustworthiness and physical coldness (rather than warmth) did emerge in some participants. This variability affected responses at the Investment Game, confirming that intervening factors influence how bodily experiences translate into cognition. To further investigate the role of experience, linguistic and cultural factors, we compared responses to warm/cold primes of a thermally deafferented participant and healthy volunteers (Exp3, N=20). Her behaviour confirmed that incidental sensory information does not affect all individuals in the same way: previous knowledge and individual experience contribute to shaping the mental association between the physical and the affective notion of warmth/coldness. These findings provide novel insight into research on embodied processes relative to social concepts.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218251329230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does information predicting "when" and "what" facilitate target detection interactively?

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251329017

Byungju Kim, Ryoichi Nakashima, Takatsune Kumada

{"title":"Does information predicting \"when\" and \"what\" facilitate target detection interactively?","authors":"Byungju Kim, Ryoichi Nakashima, Takatsune Kumada","doi":"10.1177/17470218251329017","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218251329017","url":null,"abstract":"Human responses to environmental stimuli are essential for adapting to surroundings. Cue informativeness (how accurately a cue provides information about events requiring an action) can be pivotal in guiding behavior. Similarly, timing predictability (the extent to which people can predict when events will occur) influences their responses. However, the interactive effects of these factors on responses remain unclear. This study examined whether cue informativeness and timing predictability jointly influence target detection responses. Participants completed a cued go/no-go task in which we manipulated both factors via an online experiment. We used a constant cue-target delay in the timing predictable condition and variable delays in the timing unpredictable condition. Informative cues indicated a high probability of a go target, whereas non-informative cues signaled equal probabilities for go and no-go targets. In Experiment 1, both informative cues and predictable timing facilitated responses to go targets, with no evidence of interaction. Experiment 2 replicated these findings under more challenging conditions by introducing shorter delays, varying go targets, and adding rev-informative cues, which indicated a low probability of a go target, to mitigate response bias. These findings advance our understanding of cognitive processes in human operators interacting with assistance systems and offer insights for optimizing system design.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218251329017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A generative approach to extrapolate word concreteness ratings.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251320641

Tianqi Wang, Xu Xu

{"title":"A generative approach to extrapolate word concreteness ratings.","authors":"Tianqi Wang, Xu Xu","doi":"10.1177/17470218251320641","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218251320641","url":null,"abstract":"A wealth of psycholinguistic and clinical research is supported by normative ratings of lexicosemantic properties, e.g., word concreteness, word valence, age-of-acquisition, etc. Collecting such ratings for a sufficiently large number of words is, however, notoriously labour-intensive. This study utilised the mixture density network (MDN), a generative approach, to implement a computational expansion of the concreteness ratings for simplified Chinese words. Based on different word embeddings, the MDN was trained to generate the probability density of a word's trial-level ratings, allowing us to predict not only the word's mean concreteness rating (con.mean), but also the potential variability (con.var) in people's perceptions about the word's concreteness. The resulting estimates were shown to largely converge with human ratings in both central tendency and variability, and to precisely reflect the important representational features of the construct. Apart from these internal validations, we also examined the contributions of con.mean to Chinese lexical processing. The results revealed the concreteness effect on event-related potentials associated with visual word recognition. To assist and enhance future research, we released the extrapolated concreteness ratings, along with degrees of variability, for over 78,000 Chinese words in the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/gwr5h/).","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218251320641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Multiple-Choice Testing: Controlled and Automatic Influences of Retrieval Practice in an Educational Context.

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251327158

Aeshah Alamri, Phil Higham

{"title":"EXPRESS: Multiple-Choice Testing: Controlled and Automatic Influences of Retrieval Practice in an Educational Context.","authors":"Aeshah Alamri, Phil Higham","doi":"10.1177/17470218251327158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218251327158","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that taking an initial multiple-choice (MC) test produced both automatic influences (i.e., those that operate quickly, without effort, and requiring few attentional resources) and controlled influences (influences that are slower, applied more deliberately, sometimes oppose automatic processes, and which require more attentional resources) on performance in a subsequent test. In this study, we examined the involvement of automatic and controlled processes on performance with MC questions that are related to earlier practice questions, but which have different correct answers. In Experiment 1, which was conducted online with MTurk, automatic influences tended to dominate responding despite using educational materials (SAT questions). Including repeated items in the final test (Experiment 1, 4) and increasing the time lags between questions (Experiment 2, 4) increased the automatic influence. However, in a genuine educational environment (university classroom), controlled influences tended to dominate responding instead, similar to what has been observed with cued recall (CR) final tests, but only when there are no repeated items. These controlled influences were enhanced by presenting the related questions back-to-back in the testing sequence (Experiment 2) but were unaffected by feedback on the initial test (Experiment 3). We conclude that performance on both MC and CR tests are affected by both automatic and controlled influences of retrieval practice, but that one type of influence will override the other depending on the presence of repeated items, the specific testing format, and examinees' investment in scoring well.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218251327158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial for the special issue entitled: Mechanisms of control in selective attention tasks. EXPRESS：为题为 "选择性注意任务中的控制机制 "的特刊撰写社论。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218251327294

Benjamin A Parris, Eyal Kalanthroff, Maria Augustinova

引用次数: 0

An exploration of the influence of animal and object categories on recall of item location following an incidental learning task. 表达：探索动物和物体类别对偶然学习任务后回忆物品位置的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241238737

Dan Pa Clark, Nick Donnelly

{"title":"An exploration of the influence of animal and object categories on recall of item location following an incidental learning task.","authors":"Dan Pa Clark, Nick Donnelly","doi":"10.1177/17470218241238737","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241238737","url":null,"abstract":"The current study explores the role of attention in location memory for animals and objects. Participants completed an incidental learning task where they rated animals and objects with regard to either their ease of collection to win a scavenger hunt (Experiments 1a and b) or their distance from the centre of the computer screen (Experiment 2). The images of animals and objects were pseudo-randomly positioned on the screen in both experiments. After completing the incidental learning task (and a reverse counting distractor task), participants were then given a surprise location memory recall task. In the location memory recall task, items were shown in the centre of the screen and participants used the mouse to indicate the position the item had been shown during the incidental encoding task. The results of both experiments show that location memory for objects was more accurate than for animals. While we cannot definitively identify the mechanism responsible for the difference in the location memory of objects and animals, we propose that differences in the influence of object-based attention at encoding affect location memory when tested at recall.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"474-489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139997270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting the memorability of scene pictures: Improved accuracy through one's own experience. 快讯预测场景图片的可记忆性：通过自身经验提高准确性。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241239829

Sofia Navarro-Báez, Monika Undorf, Arndt Bröder

{"title":"Predicting the memorability of scene pictures: Improved accuracy through one's own experience.","authors":"Sofia Navarro-Báez, Monika Undorf, Arndt Bröder","doi":"10.1177/17470218241239829","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241239829","url":null,"abstract":"There are conflicting findings regarding the accuracy of metamemory for scene pictures. Judgements of stimulus memorability in general (memorability judgements [MJs]) have been reported to be unpredictive of actual image memorability. However, other studies have found that judgements of learning (JOLs)-predictions of one's own later memory performance for recently studied items-are moderately predictive of people's own actual recognition memory for pictures. The current study directly compared the relative accuracy and cue basis of JOLs and MJs for scene pictures. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants completed an MJ task and a JOL task in counterbalanced order. In the MJ task, they judged the general memorability of each picture. In the JOL task, they studied pictures and made JOLs during a learning phase, followed by a recognition memory test. Results showed that MJs were predictive of general scene memorability and relied on the same cues as JOLs, but MJ accuracy considerably improved after the JOL task. Experiment 3 demonstrated that prior learning experiences drove this increase in MJ accuracy. This work demonstrates that people can predict not only their own future memory performance for scene pictures with moderate accuracy but also the general memorability of scene pictures. In addition, experiences with one's own learning and memory support the ability to assess scene memorability in general. This research contributes to our understanding of the basis and accuracy of different metamemory judgements.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"546-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140028841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0