Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第3页

EXPRESS: Context and semantic object properties interact to support recognition memory. 表达：语境和语义对象属性相互作用，支持识别记忆。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241283028

Shirley Pandya, Victoria I Nicholls, Alexandra Krugliak, Simon Davis, Alex Clarke

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Navigating the Mind's Eye: Understanding Gaze Shifts in Visuospatial Bootstrapping. 快讯导航心灵之眼：理解视觉空间引导中的目光转移。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241282426

Teodor Y Nikolov, Richard John Allen, Stephen Darling, Jelena Havelka, Baz Van de Vegte, Candice Morey

{"title":"EXPRESS: Navigating the Mind's Eye: Understanding Gaze Shifts in Visuospatial Bootstrapping.","authors":"Teodor Y Nikolov, Richard John Allen, Stephen Darling, Jelena Havelka, Baz Van de Vegte, Candice Morey","doi":"10.1177/17470218241282426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241282426","url":null,"abstract":"Visuo-spatial bootstrapping refers to the well-replicated phenomena in which serial recall in a purely verbal task is boosted by presenting digits within the familiar spatial layout of a typical telephone keypad. The visuo-spatial bootstrapping phenomena indicates that additional support comes from long-term knowledge of a fixed spatial pattern, and prior experimentation supports the idea that access to this benefit depends on the availability of the visuo-spatial motor system (e.g., Allen et al., 2015). We investigate this by tracking participants' eye movements during encoding and retention of verbal lists to learn whether gaze patterns support verbal memory differently when verbal information is presented in the familiar visual layout. Participants' gaze was recorded during attempts to recall lists of seven digits in three formats: centre of the screen, typical telephone keypad, or a spatially identical layout with randomized number placement. Performance was better with the typical than with the novel layout. Our data show that eye movements differ when encoding and retaining verbal information that has a familiar layout compared with the same verbal information presented in a novel layout, suggesting recruitment of different spatial rehearsal strategies. However, no clear link between gaze pattern and recall accuracy was observed, which suggests that gazes play a limited role in retention, at best.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: The Working Memory Model and the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall. 表达：工作记忆模型和即时串行回忆与即时自由回忆之间的关系。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241282093

Geoff Ward, Philip Beaman

{"title":"EXPRESS: The Working Memory Model and the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall.","authors":"Geoff Ward, Philip Beaman","doi":"10.1177/17470218241282093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241282093","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of speech-based variables on the immediate serial recall (ISR) task constitute fundamental evidence underpinning the concept of the Phonological Loop component of Working Memory. Somewhat surprisingly, the Phonological Loop has yet to be applied to the immediate free recall (IFR) task even though both tasks share similar memoranda and presentation methods. We believe that the separation of theories of ISR and IFR has contributed to the historical divergence between the Working Memory and Episodic Memory literatures. We review more recent evidence showing that the two tasks are approached by participants in similar ways, with similar encoding and rehearsal strategies, and are similarly affected by manipulations of word length, phonological similarity, articulatory suppression/concurrent articulation, and irrelevant speech/sound. We present new analyses showing that the outputs of the two tasks share similar runs of successive items that include the first and last items- which we term start- and end-sequences, respectively - that the remaining residual items exhibit strong recency effects, and that start- and end-sequences impose constraints on output order that help account for error transposition gradients in ISR. Such analyses suggest that similar mechanisms might convey serial order information in the two tasks. We believe that recency effects are often under-appreciated in theories of ISR, and IFR mechanisms could generate error transpositions. We hope that our review and new analyses encourage greater theoretical integration between ISR and IFR, and between the Working Memory and Episodic Memory literatures.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: When feedback backfires - Knowledge of results can impair cognitive strategy choice. 快讯：当反馈起反作用时--对结果的了解会影响认知策略的选择。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241282659

Patrick P Weis, Wilfried Kunde

{"title":"EXPRESS: When feedback backfires - Knowledge of results can impair cognitive strategy choice.","authors":"Patrick P Weis, Wilfried Kunde","doi":"10.1177/17470218241282659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241282659","url":null,"abstract":"Frequently, problems can be solved in more than one way. In modern computerized environments, more ways than ever exist. Naturally, human problem solvers do not always decide for the best-performing strategy available. One underlying reason might be the inability to continuously and correctly monitor each strategy's performance. Here, we supported some of our participants' monitoring ability by providing written feedback regarding their speed and accuracy. Specifically, participants engaged in an object comparison task, which they were asked to solve with one of two strategies: an internal strategy (mental rotation) or an extended strategy (manual rotation). After receiving no feedback (30 participants), trialwise feedback (30 participants), or blockwise feedback (30 participants) in these no choice trials, all participants were asked to estimate their performance with both strategies and were then allowed to freely choose between strategies in choice trials. Results indicated that written feedback improves explicit performance estimates. However, results also indicated that such increased awareness does not guarantee improved strategy choice and that attending to written feedback might tamper with more adaptive ways inform the choice. Thus, we advise against prematurely implementing written feedback. While it might support adaptive strategy choice in certain environments, it did not in the present setup. We encourage further research that improves the understanding of how we monitor the performance of different cognitive strategies. Such understanding will help create interventions that support human problem solvers in making better choices in the future.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Implicit learning in children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders: Exploring the effects of individual differences. 表达：患有和未患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和青少年的内隐学习：探索个体差异的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241281639

Adamantia Ziva, Eleni Ziori

{"title":"EXPRESS: Implicit learning in children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders: Exploring the effects of individual differences.","authors":"Adamantia Ziva, Eleni Ziori","doi":"10.1177/17470218241281639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241281639","url":null,"abstract":"Implicit learning plays an important role in the acquisition of various skills that are often deficient in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study examines the implicit learning ability of children and adolescents with ASD, by comparing it to that of a typical group of peers, using the Artificial Grammar Learning (AGL) task. Additionally, this study investigates whether the above ability is associated with individual characteristics, namely, intelligence quotient (IQ), ASD symptoms severity, and individual perception style (global/holistic or local/focused). The sample consisted of 20 individuals with mild to relatively severe ASD symptoms and 20 age- and gender-matched typically developing individuals (TD). The unconscious (implicit) nature of learning was assessed via a subjective measure, the \"no loss gambling\" method, which allows an unbiased evaluation of the confidence accompanying each judgement. The results provided evidence of implicit learning, which was preserved in the ASD group, although reduced relative to the typical group. Multiple linear regressions with interaction terms between Group and participants' scores on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and performance on a Navon-type task examined whether the possible relationships between each of the above scores and AGL and implicit learning differ in the two groups. Implicit learning was not significantly associated with IQ, ASD symptoms severity or individual perception style (except for perception style in terms of RTs for the TD group). These results confirm and extend earlier findings supporting the resilience of implicit learning to individual differences.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: The assessment of attentional bias to cleanliness stimuli in different versions of the dot-probe task: Evidence for a motivational account. EXPRESS：在不同版本的点探测任务中评估对清洁刺激的注意偏差：动机解释的证据。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241281694

Merve Boga, Dirk Wentura

{"title":"EXPRESS: The assessment of attentional bias to cleanliness stimuli in different versions of the dot-probe task: Evidence for a motivational account.","authors":"Merve Boga, Dirk Wentura","doi":"10.1177/17470218241281694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241281694","url":null,"abstract":"Vogt et al. (2011) investigated the role of goal-relevance in attention. Specifically, they induced the emotional state of disgust and showed an attentional bias (AB) to goal-related stimuli (i.e., cleanliness pictures) using the dot-probe task. In two experiments, we tested (a) an alternative interpretation and (b) the role of an important methodological feature of the dot-probe task. Since the effect can be interpreted alternatively as affective counter-regulation (i.e., cleanliness-related pictures attracted attention because they are positive in the negative disgust state), we added positive stimuli to test whether the AB in the disgust state extends to these stimuli. In Experiment 1, we used the location dot-probe task. That is, participants had to categorize the location of the target. It can be argued that this task confounds attentional processes with response priming processes. In Experiment 2, we used a discrimination dot-probe task, i.e., participants had to categorize a target feature that varied orthogonally to location, thus eliminating the confound. In Experiment 1, we did not replicate the effect of emotional state on AB for cleanliness stimuli, whereas in Experiment 2 we did. Mean AB scores for positive stimuli were not affected by emotional state. Two conclusions were drawn: First, the result of Experiment 2 supports the motivational account of Vogt and colleagues. Second, the results support the use of the discrimination task for both theoretical reasons (i.e., effects can be more clearly interpreted as based on attentional processes) and empirical reasons (i.e., the location task did not replicate the expected pattern).","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Word length and frequency effects in natural Chinese reading: Evidence for character representations in lexical identification. 表达：自然中文阅读中的词长和词频效应：词汇识别中的字符表征证据。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241281798

Ying Fu, Simon Liversedge, Xuejun Bai, Maleeha Moosa, Chuanli Zang

{"title":"EXPRESS: Word length and frequency effects in natural Chinese reading: Evidence for character representations in lexical identification.","authors":"Ying Fu, Simon Liversedge, Xuejun Bai, Maleeha Moosa, Chuanli Zang","doi":"10.1177/17470218241281798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241281798","url":null,"abstract":"Word length and frequency are two of the \"big three\" factors that affect eye movements in natural reading (Clifton et al., 2016). Whilst these factors have been extensively investigated, all previous studies manipulating word length have been confounded with changes in visual complexity (longer words have more letters and are more visually complex). We controlled stroke complexity across one-character (short) and two-character (long) high- and low-frequency Chinese words (to avoid complexity confounds) and recorded readers' eye movements during sentence reading. Both word length and frequency yielded strong main effects for fixation time measures. For saccadic targeting and skipping probability, word length effects, but not word frequency effects, occurred. Critically, the interaction was not significant regardless of stroke complexity, indicating that word length and frequency independently influence lexical identification and saccade target selection during Chinese reading. The results provide evidence for character level representations during Chinese word recognition in natural reading.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: The role of animacy in language production: evidence from bare noun naming. 表达：灵性在语言生成中的作用：来自裸名词命名的证据。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241281868

Yufang Wang, Jurriaan Witteman, Niels Olaf Schiller

{"title":"EXPRESS: The role of animacy in language production: evidence from bare noun naming.","authors":"Yufang Wang, Jurriaan Witteman, Niels Olaf Schiller","doi":"10.1177/17470218241281868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241281868","url":null,"abstract":"According to Levelt's language production model, in order to name an object, speakers must first conceptualize and lexicalize the object before its name can be articulated. Conceptualization is conducted through the semantic network that exists at the conceptual level, with the highly activated concept(s) activating lexical items at the lemma-level, i.e., lexicalization. So far, research focused mostly on semantic categories (i.e., semantic interference) but less so on animacy - a concept that is correlated with semantic categories. To investigate the role of this semantic feature in language production, we conducted a picture-word interference study in Mandarin Chinese varying animacy congruency and controlling for classifier congruency while recording behavioral and electrophysiological responses. We observed an animacy interference effect together with a larger N400 component for animacy-incongruent vs. congruent picture-word pairs, suggesting animacy-congruent concepts may be in closer proximity and hence lead to a stronger spreading of activation relative to animacy-incongruent concepts. Furthermore, a larger P600 component was observed for classifier-incongruent vs. congruent picture-word pairs, suggesting syntactically-driven processing of classifiers at the lemma level.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal distortion for angry faces: Testing visual attention and action preparation accounts. 愤怒面孔的时间扭曲：测试视觉注意力和行动准备的说法。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231172856

Jason Tipples, Michael Lupton, David George

{"title":"Temporal distortion for angry faces: Testing visual attention and action preparation accounts.","authors":"Jason Tipples, Michael Lupton, David George","doi":"10.1177/17470218231172856","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231172856","url":null,"abstract":"When asked to judge the duration of a face people typically overestimate the duration of angry compared with neutral faces. A novel feature of the current research was the inclusion of secondary manipulations designed to distort timing performance namely the effects of visual cues (Experiment 1) and action preparedness (Experiment 2). Furthermore, to establish whether the effects are multiplicative with duration, the effects were examined across two duration ranges (200-800 and 400-1,600 ms). Visual cues and instructions to prepare to act increased the tendency to judge faces as lasting longer. Experiment 1 revealed an unexpected underestimation effect for angry faces presented for short durations (200-800 ms). However, the effect was not replicated in Experiment 2 where the results were generally consistent with either an increase the speed of a pacemaker mechanism that resides within an internal clock or the widening of an attentional gate-the temporal overestimation effect for angry faces grew in magnitude from the short to long duration. Experiment 2 also showed that the temporal overestimation for angry faces was reduced in magnitude when participants were asked to prepare to either push or pull a joystick.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9547950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When 2 become 1: Autistic simultaneity judgements about asynchronous audiovisual speech. 当2变为1时：关于异步视听语音的自闭症同时性判断。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231197518

Daniel Poole, Emma Gowen, Ellen Poliakoff, Anna Lambrechts, Luke A Jones

{"title":"When 2 become 1: Autistic simultaneity judgements about asynchronous audiovisual speech.","authors":"Daniel Poole, Emma Gowen, Ellen Poliakoff, Anna Lambrechts, Luke A Jones","doi":"10.1177/17470218231197518","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218231197518","url":null,"abstract":"It has been proposed that autistic people experience a temporal distortion whereby the temporal binding window of multisensory integration is extended. Research to date has focused on autistic children so whether these differences persist into adulthood remains unknown. In addition, the possibility that the previous observations have arisen from between-group differences in response bias, rather than perceptual differences, has not been addressed. Participants completed simultaneity judgements of audiovisual speech stimuli across a range of stimulus-onset asynchronies. Response times and accuracy data were fitted to a drift-diffusion model so that the drift rate (a measure of processing efficiency) and starting point (response bias) could be estimated. In Experiment 1, we tested a sample of non-autistic adults who completed the Autism Quotient questionnaire. Autism Quotient score was not correlated with either drift rate or response bias, nor were there between-group differences when splitting based on the first and third quantiles of scores. In Experiment 2, we compared the performance of autistic with a group of non-autistic adults. There were no between-group differences in either drift rate or starting point. The results of this study do not support the previous suggestion that autistic people have an extended temporal binding window for audiovisual speech. In addition, exploratory analysis revealed that operationalising the temporal binding window in different ways influenced whether a group difference was observed, which is an important consideration for future work.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10019196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0