Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第4页

The Working Memory Model and the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall. 表达：工作记忆模型和即时串行回忆与即时自由回忆之间的关系。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241282093

Geoff Ward, Philip C Beaman

{"title":"The Working Memory Model and the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall.","authors":"Geoff Ward, Philip C Beaman","doi":"10.1177/17470218241282093","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241282093","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of speech-based variables on the immediate serial recall (ISR) task constitute fundamental evidence underpinning the concept of the Phonological Loop component of Working Memory. Somewhat surprisingly, the Phonological Loop has yet to be applied to the immediate free recall (IFR) task although both tasks share similar memoranda and presentation methods. We believe that the separation of theories of ISR and IFR has contributed to the historical divergence between the Working Memory and Episodic Memory literature. We review more recent evidence showing that the two tasks are approached by participants in similar ways, with similar encoding and rehearsal strategies, and are similarly affected by manipulations of word length, phonological similarity, articulatory suppression/concurrent articulation, and irrelevant speech/sound. We present new analyses showing that the outputs of the two tasks share similar runs of successive items that include the first and last items- which we term start- and end-sequences, respectively-that the remaining residual items exhibit strong recency effects, and that start- and end-sequences impose constraints on output order that help account for error transposition gradients in ISR. Such analyses suggest that similar mechanisms might convey serial order information in the two tasks. We believe that recency effects are often under-appreciated in theories of ISR, and IFR mechanisms could generate error transpositions. We hope that our review and new analyses encourage greater theoretical integration between ISR and IFR and between the Working Memory and Episodic Memory literature.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"17470218241282093"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Left-handed voices? Examining the perceptual learning of novel person characteristics from the voice. 快递：左撇子的声音？研究从声音中学习新人物特征的感知。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241228849

Nadine Lavan

{"title":"Left-handed voices? Examining the perceptual learning of novel person characteristics from the voice.","authors":"Nadine Lavan","doi":"10.1177/17470218241228849","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241228849","url":null,"abstract":"We regularly form impressions of who a person is from their voice, such that we can readily categorise people as being female or male, child or adult, trustworthy or not, and can furthermore recognise who specifically is speaking. How we establish mental representations for such categories of person characteristics has, however, only been explored in detail for voice identity learning. In a series of experiments, we therefore set out to examine whether and how listeners can learn to recognise a novel person characteristic. We specifically asked how diagnostic acoustic properties underpinning category distinctions inform perceptual judgements. We manipulated recordings of voices to create acoustic signatures for a person's handedness (left-handed vs. right-handed) in their voice. After training, we found that listeners were able to successfully learn to recognise handedness from voices with above-chance accuracy, although no significant differences in accuracy between the different types of manipulation emerged. Listeners were, furthermore, sensitive to the specific distributions of acoustic properties that underpinned the category distinctions. We, however, also find evidence for perceptual biases that may reflect long-term prior exposure to how voices vary in naturalistic settings. These biases shape how listeners use acoustic information in the voices when forming representations for distinguishing handedness from voices. This study is thus a first step to examine how representations for novel person characteristics are established, outside of voice identity perception. We discuss our findings in light of theoretical accounts of voice perception and speculate about potential mechanisms that may underpin our results.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2325-2338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reliability of the serial reaction time task: If at first you don't succeed, try, try, try again. EXPRESS：连贯反应时间任务的可靠性：如果一开始不成功，再试一次。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241232347

Cátia M Oliveira, Marianna E Hayiou-Thomas, Lisa M Henderson

{"title":"Reliability of the serial reaction time task: If at first you don't succeed, try, try, try again.","authors":"Cátia M Oliveira, Marianna E Hayiou-Thomas, Lisa M Henderson","doi":"10.1177/17470218241232347","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241232347","url":null,"abstract":"Procedural memory is involved in the acquisition and control of skills and habits that underlie rule and procedural learning, including the acquisition of grammar and phonology. The serial reaction time task (SRTT), commonly used to assess procedural learning, has been shown to have poor stability (test-retest reliability). We investigated factors that may affect the stability of the SRTT in adults. Experiment 1 examined whether the similarity of sequences learned in two sessions would impact stability: test-retest correlations were low regardless of sequence similarity (r < .31). Experiment 2 added a third session to examine whether individual differences in learning would stabilise with further training. There was a small (but nonsignificant) improvement in stability for later sessions (Sessions 1 and 2: r = .42; Sessions 2 and 3: r = .60). Stability of procedural learning on the SRTT remained suboptimal in all conditions, posing a serious obstacle to the use of this task as a sensitive predictor of individual differences and ultimately theoretical advance.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2256-2282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remembering visual and linguistic common ground in shared history. 表达：铭记共同历史中的视觉和语言共同点。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241256651

J Jessica Wang, Lin Zhao, Justine Alegado, Joseph Webb, James Wright, Ian A Apperly

{"title":"Remembering visual and linguistic common ground in shared history.","authors":"J Jessica Wang, Lin Zhao, Justine Alegado, Joseph Webb, James Wright, Ian A Apperly","doi":"10.1177/17470218241256651","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241256651","url":null,"abstract":"Successful communication requires speakers and listeners to refer to information in their common ground. Shared history is one of the bases for common ground, as information from a communicative episode in the past can be referred to in future communication. However, to draw upon shared history, communicative partners need to have an accurate memory record that they can refer to. The memory mechanism for shared history is poorly understood. The current study investigated the ways in which memory for shared history is prioritised. Two experiments presented a referential communication task followed by a surprise recognition memory task, with the former task serving as an episode of shared history. Experiment 1 revealed superior memory for information that was both seen in the communicators' common ground and referred to, followed by information that was seen but not referred to, and finally by information privileged to the participants. Experiment 2 provided a replication of Experiment 1 and further demonstrated that these co-presence effects are not dependent on the presence of a speaker with a different perspective to the participant.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2244-2255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brief mindfulness-based meditation enhances the speed of learning following positive prediction errors. 快讯：短暂的正念冥想能提高预测错误后的学习速度。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241228859

Marius Golubickis, Lucy B G Tan, Parnian Jalalian, Johanna K Falbén, Neil C Macrae

{"title":"Brief mindfulness-based meditation enhances the speed of learning following positive prediction errors.","authors":"Marius Golubickis, Lucy B G Tan, Parnian Jalalian, Johanna K Falbén, Neil C Macrae","doi":"10.1177/17470218241228859","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241228859","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has demonstrated that mindfulness-based meditation facilitates basic aspects of cognition, including memory and attention. Further developing this line of inquiry, here we considered the possibility that similar effects may extend to another core psychological process-instrumental learning. To explore this matter, in combination with a probabilistic selection task, computational modelling (i.e., reinforcement drift diffusion model analysis) was adopted to establish whether and how brief mindfulness-based meditation influences learning under conditions of uncertainty (i.e., choices based on the perceived likelihood of positive and negative outcomes). Three effects were observed. Compared with performance in the control condition (i.e., no meditation), mindfulness-based meditation (1) accelerated the rate of learning following positive prediction errors; (2) elicited a preference for the exploration (vs. exploitation) of choice selections; and (3) increased response caution. Collectively, these findings elucidate the pathways through which brief meditative experiences impact learning and decision-making, with implications for interventions designed to debias aspects of social-cognitive functioning using mindfulness-based meditation.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2312-2324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is there a lower visual field advantage for object affordances? A registered report. 快递：物体负担能力是否存在低视场优势？注册报告。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241230812

Annie Warman, Allan Clark, George L Malcolm, Maximillian Havekost, Stéphanie Rossit

{"title":"Is there a lower visual field advantage for object affordances? A registered report.","authors":"Annie Warman, Allan Clark, George L Malcolm, Maximillian Havekost, Stéphanie Rossit","doi":"10.1177/17470218241230812","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241230812","url":null,"abstract":"It's been repeatedly shown that pictures of graspable objects can facilitate visual processing, even in the absence of reach-to-grasp actions, an effect often attributed to the concept of affordances. A classic demonstration of this is the handle compatibility effect, characterised by faster reaction times when the orientation of a graspable object's handle is compatible with the hand used to respond, even when the handle orientation is task-irrelevant. Nevertheless, it is debated whether the speeded reaction times are a result of affordances or spatial compatibility. First, we investigated whether we could replicate the handle compatibility effect while controlling for spatial compatibility. Participants (N = 68) responded with left or right-handed keypresses to whether the object was upright or inverted and, in separate blocks, whether the object was red or green. We failed to replicate the handle compatibility effect, with no significant difference between compatible and incompatible conditions, in both tasks. Second, we investigated whether there is a lower visual field (VF) advantage for the handle compatibility effect in line with what has been found for hand actions. A further 68 participants responded to object orientation presented either in the upper or lower VF. A significant handle compatibility effect was observed in the lower VF, but not the upper VF. This suggests that there is a lower VF advantage for affordances, possibly as the lower VF is where our actions most frequently occur. However, future studies should explore the impact of eye movements on the handle compatibility effect and tool affordances.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2151-2164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139567337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Working memory prioritisation effects in tactile immediate serial recall. 表达：触觉即时序列记忆中的工作记忆优先效应。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241231283

Daisy Roe, Richard J Allen, Jane Elsley, Christopher Miles, Andrew J Johnson

{"title":"Working memory prioritisation effects in tactile immediate serial recall.","authors":"Daisy Roe, Richard J Allen, Jane Elsley, Christopher Miles, Andrew J Johnson","doi":"10.1177/17470218241231283","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241231283","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing body of evidence that higher-value information can be prioritised for both visual and auditory working memory. The present study examines whether valuable items can similarly be prioritised for the tactile domain. Employing an immediate serial recall procedure (ISR), participants reconstructed a 6-item tactile sequence by moving their fingers in the order of original stimulation. Participants were informed either that one serial position was worth notionally more points (prioritisation condition) or that all items were of equal value (control condition). For Experiment 1 (N = 48), significant boosts in correct recall were evident when serial positions 4 or 5 were more valuable (i.e., prioritisation effects). Experiment 2 (N = 24) demonstrated that the prioritisation effect persisted with concurrent articulation, suggesting that task performance was not a function of verbal recoding and rehearsal of the tactile information. Importantly, a significant recall cost for low-value (non-prioritised) items within the sequence was evident for both experiments. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that (1) prioritisation effects transfer to the tactile domain and (2) finite attentional resources can be deliberately and strategically redistributed to specific items within a sequence, dependent upon the prevailing task demands.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2354-2363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of perceptual redundancy, conceptual redundancy and self-relatedness on categorical responses. 表达：感知冗余、概念冗余和自我相关性对分类反应的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241237729

Joel Patchitt, Maxine T Sherman, Hugo Critchley

{"title":"Effects of perceptual redundancy, conceptual redundancy and self-relatedness on categorical responses.","authors":"Joel Patchitt, Maxine T Sherman, Hugo Critchley","doi":"10.1177/17470218241237729","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241237729","url":null,"abstract":"A redundancy gain occurs when perceptually identical stimuli are presented together, resulting in quicker categorization of these paired stimuli than lone stimuli. Similar effects have been reported for paired stimuli within the same conceptual category, particularly if the category is self-related. We recruited 528 individuals across three related studies to investigate whether, during perceptual and conceptual redundancy, such self-bias effects on foreground stimuli are modulated by natural versus urban backgrounds. Here, we highlight our observations pertaining to perceptual and conceptual redundancy effects of the foreground stimuli. In our first experiment, response options were randomised per trial. Results showed reaction time gains for perceptually identical stimuli, but this advantage was not modulated by self/other categorization. However, slower reaction times were observed for conceptually-related stimulus pairs and were influenced by self/other categorization. The second experiment replicated the methods of earlier studies of redundancy and observed comparable results to Experiment 1: a perceptual redundancy gain unmodulated by self/other categorization, yet for conceptual redundancy, no gain/cost but effects of self/other categorization. In the third experiment, self/other categories were substituted with arbitrary A/B categories: Once more, there was a perceptual redundancy gain and no conceptual redundancy gain. Notably, A/B categorisation produced effects equivalent to self/other categorisation. Overall, these findings challenge previous research on the facilitated early processing of conceptually-related stimuli and suggest that self-relatedness may not exert a unique effect on stimulus processing beyond attentional and response preferences during categorization. Our study motivates further research to understand conceptual categorization and redundancy gain effects.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2165-2179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139932652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of language-specific properties on the role of consonants and vowels in a statistical learning task of an artificial language: A cross-linguistic comparison. 表达：语言特性对辅音和元音在人工语言统计学习任务中作用的影响：跨语言比较。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241229721

Yaara Lador-Weizman, Avital Deutsch

{"title":"The influence of language-specific properties on the role of consonants and vowels in a statistical learning task of an artificial language: A cross-linguistic comparison.","authors":"Yaara Lador-Weizman, Avital Deutsch","doi":"10.1177/17470218241229721","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241229721","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution of consonants and vowels in spoken word processing has been widely investigated, and studies have found a phenomenon of a Consonantal bias (C-bias), indicating that consonants carry more weight than vowels. However, across languages, various patterns have been documented, including that of no preference or a reverse pattern of Vowel bias. A central question is how the manifestation of the C-bias is modulated by language-specific factors. This question can be addressed by cross-linguistic studies. Comparing native Hebrew and native English speakers, this study examines the relative importance of transitional probabilities between non-adjacent consonants as opposed to vowels during auditory statistical learning (SL) of an artificial language. Hebrew is interesting because its complex Semitic morphological structure has been found to play a central role in lexical access, allowing us to examine whether morphological properties can modulate the C-bias in early phases of speech perception, namely, word segmentation. As predicted, we found a significant interaction between language and consonant/vowel manipulation, with a higher performance in the consonantal condition than in the vowel condition for Hebrew speakers, namely, C-bias, and no consonant/vowel asymmetry among English speakers. We suggest that the observed interaction is morphologically anchored, indicating that phonological and morphological processes interact during early phases of auditory word perception.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"2296-2311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139540897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: The lexical boost is not an automatic part of sentence production: Evidence from Japanese structural priming. 表达：词性提升并非句子生成的自动组成部分：来自日语结构引物的证据。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241298250

Franklin Chang, Saki Tsumura

引用次数: 0