Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology最新文献_第5页

Auditory distraction during reading: Investigating the effects of background sounds on parafoveal processing. 表达：阅读过程中的听觉分心：调查背景声音对视网膜旁处理的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241269327

Laura Rettie, John E Marsh, Simon P Liversedge, Mengsi Wang, Federica Degno

{"title":"Auditory distraction during reading: Investigating the effects of background sounds on parafoveal processing.","authors":"Laura Rettie, John E Marsh, Simon P Liversedge, Mengsi Wang, Federica Degno","doi":"10.1177/17470218241269327","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241269327","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research suggests that unexpected (deviant) sounds negatively affect reading performance by inhibiting saccadic planning, which models of reading agree takes place simultaneous to parafoveal processing. This study examined the effect of deviant sounds on foveal and parafoveal processing. Participants read single sentences in quiet, standard (repeated sounds), or deviant sound conditions (a new sound within a repeated sound sequence). Sounds were presented with a variable delay coincident with the onset of fixations on target words during a period when saccadic programming and parafoveal processing occurred. We used the moving window paradigm to manipulate the amount of information readers could extract from the parafovea (the entire sentence or a 13-character window of text). Global, sentence-level analyses showed typical disruption to reading by the window, and under quiet conditions similar effects were observed at the target and post-target word in the local analyses. Standard and deviant sounds also produced clear distraction effects of differing magnitudes at the target and post-target words, though at both regions, these effects were qualified by interactions. Effects at the target word suggested that with sounds, readers engaged in less effective parafoveal processing than under quiet. Similar patterns of effects due to standard and deviant sounds, each with a different time course, occurred at the post-target word. We conclude that distraction via auditory deviation causes disruption to parafoveal processing during reading, with such effects being modulated by the degree to which a sound's characteristics are more or less unique.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The "good is up" metaphoric effects on recognition: True for source guessing but false for item memory. 快讯："好戏上场 "隐喻对识别的影响：来源猜测为真，项目记忆为假。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241269272

Zixi Jin, Ulrich von Hecker, Nikoletta Symeonidou, Yi Liu, Karl Christoph Klauer

{"title":"The \"good is up\" metaphoric effects on recognition: True for source guessing but false for item memory.","authors":"Zixi Jin, Ulrich von Hecker, Nikoletta Symeonidou, Yi Liu, Karl Christoph Klauer","doi":"10.1177/17470218241269272","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241269272","url":null,"abstract":"The \"good is up\" metaphor, which links valence and verticality was found to influence affective judgement and to direct attention, but its effects on memory remain unclear with contradictory research findings. To provide a more accurate assessment of memory components involved in recognition, such as item memory and source-guessing biases, a standard source monitoring paradigm was applied in this research. A series of three experiments provided a conceptual replication and extension of Experiment 2 by Crawford et al., (2014) and yielded a consistent result pattern suggesting that the \"good is up\" metaphor biases participants' guessing of source location. That is, when source memory failed, participants were more inclined to guess the \"up\" location versus \"down\" location for positive items (and vice versa for negative items). It did, however, not affect source memory or item memory for valenced stimuli learned from metaphor-congruent versus incongruent locations (i.e., no metaphor-(in)congruent effects in memory). We suggest that the \"good is up\" metaphor may affect cognitive processes in a more subtle way than originally suggested.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Role of Inhibitory Control in Adults' Mathematical Equivalence Knowledge. 表达：抑制控制在成人数学等价知识中的作用。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241280941

Amanda Grenell, Emily Fyfe

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Familiarity with non-famous faces increases 'person misidentification'. 快讯熟悉非著名面孔会增加 "人物误认"。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241280942

Daisuke Shimane, Hiroshi Miura, Yuji Itoh

{"title":"EXPRESS: Familiarity with non-famous faces increases 'person misidentification'.","authors":"Daisuke Shimane, Hiroshi Miura, Yuji Itoh","doi":"10.1177/17470218241280942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241280942","url":null,"abstract":"People sometimes mistakenly identify an unknown person they encounter as a known person. Previous studies have elucidated this phenomenon and revealed that it is a common experience. However, no experimental study has identified factors associated with its occurrence. We termed this relatively under-examined phenomenon as 'person misidentification' and examined its factors. Specifically, we focused on (1) establishing experimental procedures to detect person misidentification in a laboratory context, and (2) investigating the mechanism by which visual familiarity with the encountered unknown faces contributes to person misidentification. The results indicated that the developed procedure measured 247 misidentifications in 72 of 106 participants in all experiments. Although the effect of familiarity on person misidentification was not observed in Experiment 1, this effect was detected in Experiment 2, where the manipulation of familiarity was enhanced and confirmed. Concretely, unknown faces with familiarity enhanced by subliminal exposure were more frequently misidentified as another known person. This indicates that familiarity with an encountered face contributes to and induces person misidentification. In addition, the results demonstrated that similarities, especially in terms of hairstyle, between the encountered face and the misidentified known person might be related to its occurrence. These results have rich implications and expand the literature on face processing.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Hemispheric Asymmetry for Global-Local Processing: Effects of Stimulus Category and Ageing. 表达：全局-局部处理的半球不对称：刺激类别和老化的影响

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241280800

Haiwen Chen, Jolene Alexa Cox, Anne Marie Aimola Davies

{"title":"EXPRESS: Hemispheric Asymmetry for Global-Local Processing: Effects of Stimulus Category and Ageing.","authors":"Haiwen Chen, Jolene Alexa Cox, Anne Marie Aimola Davies","doi":"10.1177/17470218241280800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241280800","url":null,"abstract":"Hemispheric asymmetry has been reported for global-local processing in young and older adults, with global processing specialised in the right hemisphere (RH-global specialisation) and local processing specialised in the left hemisphere (LH-local specialisation). Questions persist regarding the extent to which hemispheric asymmetry is influenced by stimulus category (verbal stimuli processed in the left hemisphere; visuospatial stimuli processed in the right hemisphere). Some evidence suggests stimulus category does not influence hemispheric asymmetry (stimulus-independent account) while other evidence suggests it does (stimulus-dependent account). In older adults, there was evidence of a local-processing advantage, believed to result from slower and less accurate performance in right-hemisphere compared to left-hemisphere functioning-the right-hemisphere ageing hypothesis. We examined hemispheric asymmetry for global-local processing in young and older participants with three hierarchical figures (letters, verbalisable objects, nonverbalisable shapes), in a within-subjects design using a divided-attention paradigm and unilateral presentation. Our findings for letters and verbalisable objects support the stimulus-independent account-young and older participants demonstrated RH-global specialisation and LH-local specialisation regardless of stimulus category. In older participants, we also found a local-processing advantage for all three stimulus categories-an advantage best explained as faster and more accurate performance in local processing regardless of the visual field of stimulus presentation. Overall, we found hemispheric asymmetry for global-local processing in both young and older adults, and differences in global processing between young and older adults. Future investigation is suggested for the hemispheric asymmetry found in global-local processing of nonverbalisable shapes, and the mechanisms underlying age-related changes in global processing.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of subtle contextual information on remembering to complete academic goals. 快讯：微妙的情境信息对记住完成学业目标的影响。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241270264

Christopher O Nuño, Edward A Christopher, Jill Talley Shelton

{"title":"The impact of subtle contextual information on remembering to complete academic goals.","authors":"Christopher O Nuño, Edward A Christopher, Jill Talley Shelton","doi":"10.1177/17470218241270264","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241270264","url":null,"abstract":"Remembering to complete goals-termed prospective memory (PM)-is critical for success in everyday life, yet minimal empirical work has been dedicated to examining PM within an educational setting. The main goal of this study was to investigate students' ability to complete numerous future-oriented academic intentions (PM tasks) while simultaneously paying attention to a lecture and to see if working memory (WM) capacity and adding subtle contextual information would support the students' likelihood of completing their PM tasks. Participants took part in a 2-hr session of college course-like activities. Throughout the session, there was occasionally the opportunity to complete one of several naturalistic PM tasks. The following findings are based on the results of our Bayesian models. Providing subtle contextual clues about when PM tasks could be completed was found to likely increase performance. The number of PM intentions to be remembered (i.e., load) produced no discernable effect on ongoing task performance or PM performance. Furthermore, individual differences in WM capacity were likely to be predictive of a near-zero change in PM performance. The current findings hold meaningful implications for educators, wherein providing context, even at a subtle level, can enhance students' ability to remember to complete tasks, without altering their ability to focus on the tasks at hand. Moreover, it appears that asking students to remember to complete multiple, prospective in-class tasks is not likely to hinder task completion or their ability to focus on other ongoing tasks.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Personal Sense of Power Predicts Financial Risk-Taking Propensity - But Only When Risk-Related Decisions Are Made Without Cognitive Load. 快讯个人力量感可预测金融风险倾向--但仅限于在无认知负荷的情况下做出风险相关决策时。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241280654

Katarzyna Sekścińska, Diana Jaworska, Joanna Rudzińska-Wojciechowska

引用次数: 0

Hope of success relates to the memory for unsolved compared to solved anagrams. 表达：成功的希望与对未解谜语和已解谜语的记忆有关。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241269310

Romain Ghibellini, Beat Meier

{"title":"Hope of success relates to the memory for unsolved compared to solved anagrams.","authors":"Romain Ghibellini, Beat Meier","doi":"10.1177/17470218241269310","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17470218241269310","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely believed that unfinished tasks are better remembered than finished tasks, a phenomenon labelled the \"Zeigarnik-Effect.\" It has been argued that this advantage relies on the persisting tension inherent in uncompleted intentions. However, this interpretation has been challenged. First, the memory advantage could not be reliably replicated. Second, a memory advantage can still be observed when the unfinished status of an uncompleted intention is inherently terminated, rendering the \"persisting tension\" explanation unlikely. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential memory advantage of interrupted but finished tasks and its relation to the personality disposition achievement motivation, specifically, hope of success and fear of failure. This goal was motivated by the hypothesis that the experience of a discrepancy between the anticipation of success and the subsequent failure would relate to the memory for an unfinished task, and that this discrepancy experience would be stronger for people high in hope of success. A large sample of adults (>1,000 participants) was presented with 12 anagrams. If they did not solve an anagram within 60 s, they were shown the solution. Afterwards, we measured free recall of the anagram solutions and assessed achievement motivation. Overall, participants recalled more unsolved anagrams than solved anagrams. However, only individuals high in hope of success displayed a greater tendency to remember unsolved anagrams. This study supports the idea that a discrepancy experience rather than persisting tension coincides with memory for unsolved tasks.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPRESS: Speaker Variability, But Not Bilingualism, Influences Cross-Situational Word Learning. 表达：说话者的差异性（而非双语性）会影响跨情景词汇学习

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241277805

Kimberly Crespo, Margarita Kaushanskaya

{"title":"EXPRESS: Speaker Variability, But Not Bilingualism, Influences Cross-Situational Word Learning.","authors":"Kimberly Crespo, Margarita Kaushanskaya","doi":"10.1177/17470218241277805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218241277805","url":null,"abstract":"When learning new words, listeners must contend with multiple sources of ambiguity and variability. Research has revealed that learners can resolve referential ambiguity by tracking co-occurrence statistics between words and their referents across multiple exposures over time - a process termed cross-situational word learning (XSWL). However, the degree to which variability in the input, such as input from multiple speakers, and variability in learner experience, such as bilingual language experience, modulate XSWL remain unclear. In the present study, we examined the effects of speaker variability in cross-situational word learning performance in monolingual adults and bilingual adults with a range of second language backgrounds and language acquisition histories. Results revealed above-chance word learning in both the single and the multiple speaker conditions across language groups. An advantage for word learning was observed in the single speaker condition but the effects of bilingual language experience were null. This research adds to the limited body of work dedicated to extending theories of statistical learning to account for variations in both input and learner characteristics as well as their interactions.","PeriodicalId":20869,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental evidence for a semantic typology of emoji: Inferences of co-, pro-, and post-text emoji. 表达：表情符号语义类型学的实验证据：合作、支持和后文本表情符号的推断。

IF 1.5 3区心理学

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241255786

Lyn Tieu, Jimmy L Qiu, Vaishnavy Puvipalan, Robert Pasternak

引用次数: 0