Psychonomic Bulletin & Review最新文献_第6页

Self-report measures of subjective time: An overview of existing measures and their semantic similarities. 主观时间的自我报告测量：现有测量方法及其语义相似性的概述。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02987-4

Thiago Augusto de Souza Bonifácio, Rodrigo Cabral-Carvalho, André Mascioli Cravo

{"title":"Self-report measures of subjective time: An overview of existing measures and their semantic similarities.","authors":"Thiago Augusto de Souza Bonifácio, Rodrigo Cabral-Carvalho, André Mascioli Cravo","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02987-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02987-4","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of self-report measures in psychology, often developed without systematic differentiation from existing tools, raises concerns about construct redundancy and the interpretability of research findings. This study reviews self-report scales designed to assess subjective time, combining a scoping literature analysis with embeddings-based automated semantic analysis to map relationships among them. Thirty scales met inclusion criteria, drawn from experimental psychology, personality research, and organizational behavior. Hierarchical clustering revealed two broad groupings: Temporal Experience, which covers how individuals perceive, feel, and conceptualize time, and Time Perspective, which covers orientations toward the past, present, and future temporal frames. This two-cluster solution partially maps onto previous frameworks of subjective time but diverges in ways that reflect a recurring gap between theoretically motivated distinctions and how researchers operationalize constructs in items. Within the Time Perspective cluster, several Future Time Perspective instruments showed high semantic overlap without a principled account of their differences, suggesting a possible case of micro-level redundancy. Discrepancies between construct definitions and scale content were also identified across both clusters, with direct implications for measurement validity. A post hoc validation study found that model similarity scores correlated with human semantic judgments, supporting the method as a viable first-pass mapping tool. Embedding-based analysis can flag redundancy, but domain expertise remains necessary to interpret findings and draw theoretical conclusions.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13506641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Back in time: Reversed speech as a window into cognitive language processing-A systematic review. 回顾过去：作为认知语言处理窗口的反向言语——系统回顾。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02952-1

Mathias Scharinger

{"title":"Back in time: Reversed speech as a window into cognitive language processing-A systematic review.","authors":"Mathias Scharinger","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02952-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02952-1","url":null,"abstract":"The speech signal unfolds in time. This has repercussions for speech production and processing. For production, processing units are assembled in a language-specific order, while in perception, the acoustic signal is segmented into specific, temporally ordered processing units. Specific insights into the forward processing of speech and its assumed mechanisms can be gained from reversed speech. Reversed speech can be either the production of speech in reverse order by skilled speakers (subjectively reversed speech), or speech played back in reverse order for investigating the mechanisms underlying speech segmentation and perception (objectively reversed speech). Direct research on reversed speech has hitherto been very sparse, leaving out opportunities to further the understanding of underlying segmentation and perception mechanisms together with temporal constraints on forward processing. To this end, a systematic literature review on reversed speech is presented here. Three insights can be gained from this review. First, findings from subjectively and objectively reversed speech can be integrated in coupled oscillator models, capitalizing on neural oscillations that align with individual speech sounds, syllable and phrases. Second, the temporal order of information in time windows < 40 ms is relatively irrelevant for perception, while the relative order of processing units is important for both perception and production. Third, objectively reversed speech is predominantly used as a control condition in speech processing studies but should be more carefully implemented, depending on the exact research questions. In general, cross-frequency coupling can be considered a domain-general neural mechanism underlying cognitive flexibility of which reversed speech is a prime candidate.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13506624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinct underlying mechanisms contribute to learning-dependent distractor rejection. 不同的潜在机制有助于学习依赖的干扰物排斥。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02997-2

Brian A Anderson

{"title":"Distinct underlying mechanisms contribute to learning-dependent distractor rejection.","authors":"Brian A Anderson","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02997-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02997-2","url":null,"abstract":"The signal suppression hypothesis has been proposed as an explanation for why physically salient stimuli sometimes involuntarily draw attention and other times can be successfully ignored. Recent accounts of signal suppression, and learning-dependent distractor rejection more broadly, offer conflicting findings concerning the extent to which facilitated ignoring of a salient distractor is feature specific or feature general. The present study provides evidence for concurrent learning-dependent gains in feature-specific distractor rejection, which is sensitive to stimulus frequency and relatively short-lived, and feature-general distractor rejection, which builds from experience rejecting salient stimuli and is more enduring. On the first day of testing, participants were facilitated in ignoring salient distractors presented in a high-probability location and rendered in a high-probability color, which produced additive benefits, and were simultaneously better able to ignore salient distractors in general (including low-probability distractors) with practice. Critically, while the effects of the biased probabilities were no longer evident on the second day of testing in which these probabilities were equated, the effect of practice on ignoring remained and generalized to novel distractors. Together, these findings suggest that distinct underlying mechanisms capable of concurrently influencing information processing collectively give rise to the ability to more efficiently ignore salient distractors with experience.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13506548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stable tendencies in spontaneous working memory usage during flexible behaviour. 灵活行为时自发性工作记忆使用的稳定趋势。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02955-y

Levi Kumle, Amy X Li, Joel Kovoor, Amelia G Rock, Emily Hesselink, Ellen Jones, Méadhbh B Brosnan, Anna C Nobre, Dejan Draschkow

{"title":"Stable tendencies in spontaneous working memory usage during flexible behaviour.","authors":"Levi Kumle, Amy X Li, Joel Kovoor, Amelia G Rock, Emily Hesselink, Ellen Jones, Méadhbh B Brosnan, Anna C Nobre, Dejan Draschkow","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02955-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02955-y","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike standard working memory (WM) tasks, real-world settings allow individuals to spontaneously adapt how much information to use from WM before resampling the environment. Here, we considered whether individuals exhibit distinct, trait-like tendencies in their spontaneous use of WM. Across three studies (N = 220) using an Object Copying Task, we show that some participants consistently exhibited greater WM usage than others. These tendencies were reliable, stable across time, and predicted individuals' task efficiency and responses to changing task demands. Finally, spontaneous WM usage could only partially be explained by established measures of WM capacity and attentional control - two plausible predictors of natural WM usage. In summary, we find stable tendencies in individuals' spontaneous WM usage, despite the variable nature of self-structured natural behaviour. Our results position inter-individual variability as an important dimension in understanding natural, memory-guided behaviour, highlighting the need to investigate its broader determinants and behavioural consequences.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13503484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The psychophysical limits of agency: Biological motion percepts are dramatically weakened in slow-moving displays. 代理的心理物理限制：生物运动感知在缓慢移动的显示中被显著削弱。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02972-x

Merve Erdogan, Nikolaus F Troje, Brian J Scholl

{"title":"The psychophysical limits of agency: Biological motion percepts are dramatically weakened in slow-moving displays.","authors":"Merve Erdogan, Nikolaus F Troje, Brian J Scholl","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02972-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02972-x","url":null,"abstract":"The most important stimuli we perceive may be other agents, given their effects on our fitness. Accordingly, perception may be specialized for processing agents, and one of the best-studied examples is biological motion: displays of surprisingly few moving dots (\"point-light walkers\"; PLWs) nevertheless give rise to rich percepts of locomoting agents. Is this a complex instance of general motion perception, such that PLWs simply inherit the lower thresholds of general motion perception? Or might biological motion have a distinct lower \"speed limit\"? Observers viewed PLWs moving in place, always embedded in noise (with extra irrelevant moving dots). PLWs moved at typical speeds or at speeds that were (a) considerably slower than has been previously tested, but (b) still far above motion perception thresholds - always testing displays that were both duration-matched (with less overall motion) and cycle-matched (simply lasting longer). Across eight experiments, observers reported spontaneous percepts, or had to discriminate various properties - such as facing direction, apparent gender, or even whether a PLW was present in the first place. We always obtained the same results (which were also apparent as powerful phenomenological demonstrations): spontaneous impressions of biological motion were markedly diminished in slow displays, and discrimination of each of these aspects of biological motion in noise was greatly impaired in slower displays, although the motion was still readily visible. These explorations of \"slow visual cognition\" support the characterization of biological motion perception as psychophysically distinct from general motion perception.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

You still intend to move: Inferred mental states imply motion to static body postures. 你仍然想要移动：推断出的心理状态意味着对静止身体姿势的移动。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02993-6

Robert Harlow, Hayden Biggs, Patric Bach, Matthew Hudson

{"title":"You still intend to move: Inferred mental states imply motion to static body postures.","authors":"Robert Harlow, Hayden Biggs, Patric Bach, Matthew Hudson","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02993-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02993-6","url":null,"abstract":"Motion can be implied in static images through the explicit depiction of kinematic and dynamic cues. An unresolved question is whether the perception of implied motion can emerge solely from observers' prior expectations when explicit visual motion cues are ambiguous. We employed human actions to resolve this as, while static depictions of biological motion often imply movement through articulated joint positions, the causes of such motion are the hidden mental states of the agent. Across two experiments participants heard an agent state either \"I'll take it\" or \"I'll leave it\" and observed them either reach for or withdraw from an object, or remain motionless. The hand disappeared and participants touched the screen coordinates of the last seen position. In Experiment 1, static hands were perceived nearer to the object if reaches were more likely than if withdrawals were more likely. In Experiment 2, static hands were perceived nearer the object if the agent had stated, \"I'll take it\" than if they had stated, \"I'll leave it\". Crucially, the static stimulus was the same, and directionally ambiguous in all conditions, suggesting that prior expectations based on the likelihood of the agent's behaviour, and their intentions, imply motion when explicit visual cues are uninformative.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissociating the relationship between time perception and decisions to delay gratification. 分离时间感知和延迟满足决定之间的关系。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02992-7

Isaac J George, Morgan G Moll, Ryan K Read, Hannah M Stealey, Thomas W Elston

{"title":"Dissociating the relationship between time perception and decisions to delay gratification.","authors":"Isaac J George, Morgan G Moll, Ryan K Read, Hannah M Stealey, Thomas W Elston","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02992-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02992-7","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to forgo an immediate reward in favor of a larger, later one is central to healthy decision-making--yet some people struggle to delay gratification. A prominent theory proposes that people with faster internal clocks experience delays as subjectively longer and more costly, leading them to discount future rewards more steeply. Here, we test this theory's central prediction by asking whether individual differences in time perception can explain individual differences in temporal decision-making. We recruited 226 participants to complete tasks measuring time perception and delay sensitivity across experiential and hypothetical decisions. We found no relationship between time perception and temporal decision-making. We also found that survey and task-based measures of temporal discounting are unrelated and that neither measure predicts real-world timing-related behaviors. Our findings indicate that time perception and temporal decision-making derive from dissociable cognitive processes and that standard laboratory measures of discounting have limited ecological validity. We suggest that foraging paradigms, which embed time-reward trade-offs in naturalistic behavioral contexts offer a promising path toward more ecologically valid and mechanistically tractable approaches to understanding how the brain trades off time and reward during decision-making.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Let it go: How trusted reminders alter intention maintenance. 放手：值得信赖的提醒如何改变意图维持。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02985-6

Connor Dupre, B Hunter Ball

{"title":"Let it go: How trusted reminders alter intention maintenance.","authors":"Connor Dupre, B Hunter Ball","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02985-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02985-6","url":null,"abstract":"Do prospective memory (PM) reminders support intentions in a duplicative manner that preserves internal maintenance, or in a substitutive manner that reduces internal maintenance when a trusted external store is available? We tested this in a student population (N = 320) by crossing PM reminder reliability (0%, 50%, 100%) and availability (present vs. absent). Thought probes served as a real-time proxy for whether the intention remained in conscious awareness during the retention interval between encoding and retrieval. In Session 1 (trust trials), reminders enhanced performance without reducing PM-related thoughts, consistent with duplicative support. However, after experiencing reliable external support, Session 2 (critical trials) showed that those in the 100% condition reduced PM-related thoughts, redistributed attention to the ongoing task, and showed reduced PM retrieval when reminders were unexpectedly withdrawn. These findings suggest that trusted reminders may influence how intentions are actively maintained and prioritized during the retention interval, providing a lens for observing how memory adapts to changing external support.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explaining success in Bayesian reasoning with the adaptive toolbox and expertise. 用自适应工具箱和专业知识解释贝叶斯推理的成功。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02986-5

Hannah Fenwick, Guillermo Campitelli, Matthew B Thompson

{"title":"Explaining success in Bayesian reasoning with the adaptive toolbox and expertise.","authors":"Hannah Fenwick, Guillermo Campitelli, Matthew B Thompson","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02986-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02986-5","url":null,"abstract":"Research on Bayesian reasoning has been shaped by two productive traditions: ecological rationality, which explains why natural frequencies facilitate inference, and nested sets accounts, which show how transparent set relations support analytic reasoning. Together, these approaches have generated a rich empirical literature on representational facilitation. Yet a broader pattern has emerged: Bayesian reasoning accuracy improves with training and visualisation, varies systematically with numeracy and domain knowledge, and can be high among mathematically trained reasoners even in probability formats. These findings suggest that Bayesian competence is not reducible to a privileged input format but reflects the acquisition and deployment of multiple inferential tools. Building on prior integrative contributions, we propose that Gigerenzer's adaptive toolbox, combined with principles from expertise research, provides a productive theoretical framework and research agenda. From this perspective, natural frequencies and nested set representations function as scaffolds that make particular tools easier for novices to access, rather than as the sole route to success. An expertise-based interpretation helps explain how inferential tools are learned, automatised, and selected through experience, why tool use varies across individuals and tasks, and how accurate Bayesian reasoning can be achieved across representational formats. We further argue that expert-novice comparisons and process-tracing methods provide a powerful approach to identifying the tools that support probabilistic inference and to guiding the design of more generalisable training interventions. This framework links representational facilitation to learning and strategy selection, shifting the focus of Bayesian reasoning research from which formats work best to how people become capable of Bayesian reasoning at all.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148797347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hearing singular "they" primes both "they" and "he/she". 听到单数的“they”同时启动“they”和“he/she”。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02963-y

Gabrielle Wells Garner, Jennifer E Arnold

引用次数: 0