Psychonomic Bulletin & Review最新文献_第5页

Modeling complex narrative memory via sentence recognition: A marriage of distributional semantic models and an episodic model (MINERVA 2). 通过句子识别对复杂叙事记忆建模：分布语义模型和情景模型的结合（MINERVA 2）。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02981-w

J Nick Reid, Randall K Jamieson, Matthew H C Mak

{"title":"Modeling complex narrative memory via sentence recognition: A marriage of distributional semantic models and an episodic model (MINERVA 2).","authors":"J Nick Reid, Randall K Jamieson, Matthew H C Mak","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02981-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02981-w","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has integrated representations from distributional semantic models (DSMs) with traditional episodic memory models. While these integrated frameworks show promise in modeling single-word recognition, their applicability to the recognition of full sentences-particularly those embedded in complex narrative contexts-remains tentative. In this study, participants read short narratives and completed an OLD/NEW sentence recognition task, administered either immediately or after a delay of >10 hours. The recognition test contained four types of sentence probes: verbatim (matching the narrative word-for-word), paraphrase (conveying the same information with different wording), inference (logically inferred from the narrative but unstated), and wrong (information inconsistent with the narrative). We replicated prior findings that verbatim probes were judged OLD most often, followed by paraphrase, then by inference, and then by wrong probes. To model these behavioral findings, we imported semantic word representations from two DSMs, Latent Semantic Analysis and the Random Permutation Model, into MINERVA 2. Notably, we preregistered our modeling procedure and parameters for Study 2-one of the first in computational memory research-allowing us to generate predictions rather than postdictions. Overall, the MINERVA 2 model with DSM semantic representations performed very well and captured the key behavioral findings. Importantly, the integrated model substantially outperformed a version of the model where words were represented via randomly generated vectors, and also outperformed the DSM vectors when used on their own. These findings suggest that integrating semantic and episodic models of memory is crucial for accounting for the complexities of recognition of words, sentences, and whole narratives.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction accuracy dynamically modulates prediction-based false memory. 预测精度动态调节基于预测的错误记忆。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-03007-1

Olya Bulatova, Keisuke Fukuda

{"title":"Prediction accuracy dynamically modulates prediction-based false memory.","authors":"Olya Bulatova, Keisuke Fukuda","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-03007-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-03007-1","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, in a novel paradigm, Bulatova and Fukuda (Cognition, 255, Article 106013, 2025) showed that making an arbitrary prediction about a future event was sufficient to induce robust false memories of the event even when it never took place. Here, we tested whether this prediction-based false memory reflects the adaptability of our predictive processing mechanism. More precisely, we hypothesized that the higher the likelihood of prediction confirmation, the stronger the prediction-based false memory would be. In Experiment 1, we manipulated the prediction accuracy during encoding (30% and 70%) between participants and found that prediction-based false memory was indeed greater when the prediction accuracy was higher. Furthermore, in Experiment 2, we demonstrated that this modulatory effect persisted even when prediction accuracy varied across encoding blocks within the same experiment, thus highlighting the dynamic nature of this adaptive process. Lastly, we established that this dynamic updating was not explained by explicit awareness of prediction accuracy manipulation alone. Taken together, our findings suggest that prediction-based false memory is dynamically updated based on the reliability of predictions, reflecting the adaptability of the predictive processing mechanism.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are letter features weighted asymmetrically during the early moments of lexical access? Evidence from masked priming in Serbian Cyrillic. 在词汇接触的早期阶段，字母特征的权重是否不对称？来自塞尔维亚西里尔文蒙面启动的证据。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-03006-2

Olga Solaja, Manuel Perea

{"title":"Are letter features weighted asymmetrically during the early moments of lexical access? Evidence from masked priming in Serbian Cyrillic.","authors":"Olga Solaja, Manuel Perea","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-03006-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-03006-2","url":null,"abstract":"Models of visual word recognition assume that abstract letter identities are encoded from visual features; but the principles governing this mapping remain underspecified. In Latin-script languages, masked primes that omit a diacritic facilitate recognition almost as much as identity primes (e.g., facil → FÁCIL [easy]), whereas primes that add a diacritic produce much weaker facilitation (e.g., féliz → FELIZ [happy]). This asymmetry has been explained by the perceptual salience of diacritics, or by assuming that feature presence carries more weight than feature absence. We tested these alternatives in Serbian Cyrillic, which contains letter pairs that differ by a single integrated letter feature (e.g., Л - Љ; H - Њ). We conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment in which a target stimulus could be preceded by an identity prime, a visually similar prime created by feature omission or feature addition, or a visually dissimilar control prime. For targets containing complex letters (Љ/Њ), omission primes were as effective as identity primes (e.g., кoницa → КOЊИЦA). For targets containing simple letters (Л/H), addition primes produced a substantial cost relative to identity primes (e.g., кoњaц → КOHAЦ). Thus, the addition-omission asymmetry reported for diacritics generalizes to letters that differ by an integrated visual feature. These findings favor a general account in which the presence of a feature is weighted more heavily than its absence during the earliest stages of orthographic processing.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13553598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

p-Uniform* is an estimator of the three-parameter selection model: Commentary on van Aert and van Assen (2026). p-Uniform*是三参数选择模型的估计量：Commentary on van Aert and van Assen（2026）。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02978-5

James E Pustejovsky

引用次数: 0

The stubborn location: Spatial location is more resistant to removal than non-spatial features in visual working memory. 顽固位置：在视觉工作记忆中，空间位置比非空间特征更不易被移除。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-03010-6

Shengyuan Wang, Shujuan Ye, Jiahao Huang, Youming Guo, Huabin Ling, Xiaowei Ding

{"title":"The stubborn location: Spatial location is more resistant to removal than non-spatial features in visual working memory.","authors":"Shengyuan Wang, Shujuan Ye, Jiahao Huang, Youming Guo, Huabin Ling, Xiaowei Ding","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-03010-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-03010-6","url":null,"abstract":"Working memory (WM) removal serves the critical function of freeing up limited capacity to accommodate task-relevant information. While previous research has primarily focused on the removal of entire objects, it remains unclear whether all features within an object share a common fate during removal. In particular, given the privileged status of spatial location across various cognitive processes, it is an open question whether location information is treated differently during removal. To address this issue, we tested the stubborn-location hypothesis that spatial location would show lower removal effectiveness than non-spatial features. The alternative possibilities were that location would show either comparable or greater removal effectiveness relative to non-spatial features. Across two experiments (N = 197), participants first encoded both the spatial location and color of four items. Following a retro-cue, they were instructed to remove three items from memory. On valid trials, either the location or the color of the remaining item was tested. Critically, in low-prevalence trials, either feature of one of the removed items was tested. Results consistently supported the stubborn-location hypothesis, showing that spatial location had lower removal effectiveness in WM than color. Specifically, removal effectiveness - defined as the accuracy drop from valid to low-prevalence trials - was lower for location than for color. Furthermore, location memory remained above chance accuracy on the first low-prevalence (surprise) trials, whereas color did not. These findings were robust across both simultaneous (Experiment 1; position cue) and sequential (Experiment 2; order cue) presentation formats. Our results highlight the privileged status of location in WM removal.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast cars, slow words? Tracking processing of concurrent speaking and driving in real time. 快车慢语？实时语音和驾驶同步跟踪处理。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02954-z

Marie Hansen, Pamela Fuhrmeister, Agnieszka Hearder, Audrey Bürki

{"title":"Fast cars, slow words? Tracking processing of concurrent speaking and driving in real time.","authors":"Marie Hansen, Pamela Fuhrmeister, Agnieszka Hearder, Audrey Bürki","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02954-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02954-z","url":null,"abstract":"The study of multitasking provides a unique window into the interaction of cognitive processes and systems and as such, into the cognitive architecture of the human mind. Previous studies reported that when participants speak and do something else at the same time, task performance often suffers. In the present study, we examine the mechanisms leading to such interference in multitasking in an ecological setting. We compare speaking performance across easy and difficult driving tasks and track measures of speech fluency and driving efficiency throughout the experiment. Interference is observed only under difficult driving conditions. Moreover, fluctuations in speaking performance predict fluctuations in driving performance and vice versa. When speaking efficiency decreases, so does driving efficiency. These findings have a straightforward explanation in accounts of dual-task interference, in which interference arises when task demands exceed available cognitive resources. They further suggest that when this limit is reached, the system downregulates resources on both tasks.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13541915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the unitary self: Behavioral and drift-diffusion modeling evidence for a true self-prioritization effect and intra-self competition. 超越单一自我：行为和漂移-扩散模型的证据，为一个真正的自我优先效应和内部竞争。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-31 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-03000-8

Yue Zhao, Fei Wang

{"title":"Beyond the unitary self: Behavioral and drift-diffusion modeling evidence for a true self-prioritization effect and intra-self competition.","authors":"Yue Zhao, Fei Wang","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-03000-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-03000-8","url":null,"abstract":"While the self-prioritization effect (SPE) - the enhanced processing of self-relevant stimuli - is well established, current models typically treat the self as a monolithic entity, overlooking the cognitive dynamics between different self-representations. This study investigated whether the true self, conceptualized as the central core of identity, commands a distinct processing advantage. Across three experiments using a shape-label matching paradigm, we documented a robust true self-prioritization effect (TSPE). Crucially, we observed a pattern of competitive dynamics: while the general self showed prioritization when presented in isolation (Experiment 2), its processing advantage was abolished in the presence of the true self (Experiment 1), a finding shown to be distinct from conceptual ambiguity (Experiment 3). Computational analyses using the hierarchical drift diffusion model (HDDM) revealed that these effects were primarily driven by differences in the rate of evidence accumulation (drift rate). These findings are consistent with a hierarchical account, in which the self-concept is not cognitively flat but hierarchically organized, with the true self functioning as a salient contextual anchor that marginalizes peripheral self-aspects to optimize decision making.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimal symbol grounding through language statistics: An information theoretic approach quantifying uncertainty. 语言统计的最小符号基础：一种量化不确定性的信息理论方法。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-31 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02995-4

Max M Louwerse

{"title":"Minimal symbol grounding through language statistics: An information theoretic approach quantifying uncertainty.","authors":"Max M Louwerse","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02995-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02995-4","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental issues in the cognitive sciences concerns the question of how language attains meaning. The current study investigated how the extent to which language statistics and symbol grounding reduce uncertainty about word meaning can be quantified. Using Shannon's information theory, conditional entropy of the valence of a word was quantified without grounding (baseline), with minimal symbol grounding and with full grounding. By using a mini lexicon as a principled illustration, later extended to a full lexicon, the entropy of phonological cues, frequency cues, and word embeddings were compared to a symbol-grounding case when predicting word valence. Phonology and frequency provided small but measurable reductions in uncertainty, which word embeddings propagated through a lexical network, particularly once only a few seed words were grounded. The results show that minimal grounding, combined with language-statistical structure, can substantially reduce uncertainty about word valence. The evidence of minimal symbol grounding sheds light on the symbol-grounding problem and encourages new and quantifiable perspectives on past and present theories on language and cognition.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13529850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

External incentives change the relation between confidence and epistemic curiosity. 外部激励改变了信心与认知好奇心之间的关系。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02982-9

Yue Yin, Liang Luo, Kobe Desender

{"title":"External incentives change the relation between confidence and epistemic curiosity.","authors":"Yue Yin, Liang Luo, Kobe Desender","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02982-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02982-9","url":null,"abstract":"Epistemic curiosity, defined as the desire for knowledge, is commonly viewed as an intrinsic, non-instrumental (i.e., not directed toward immediate tangible benefits) drive to seek information. Prior research has shown that epistemic curiosity is influenced by subjective confidence - the perceived certainty individuals hold regarding their knowledge or decisions. Recent evidence suggests that environmental structure determines whether curiosity is driven by low- or medium-confidence stimuli. However, the role of external incentives in shaping the curiosity-confidence relationship remains poorly understood. To address this gap, the present study directly compared curiosity and subsequent information-seeking behaviors across conditions with and without performance-based extrinsic incentives. In Experiment 1 (no incentives), participants shifted from randomly selecting questions to focusing on medium-confidence questions as learning opportunities increased. In contrast, in Experiment 2 (with incentives), participants consistently prioritized low-confidence questions to maximize their knowledge and test scores. These findings demonstrate that extrinsic incentives significantly alter individuals' information-seeking strategies, underscoring the importance of integrating both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations to optimize learning. Our results suggest that a full understanding of the curiosity-confidence link requires explicit separation between studies conducted with and without extrinsic rewards, a distinction often overlooked in prior research.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are letter identity and letter order encoding functionally separable? Evidence from masked priming with visual similarity and letter transpositions. 字母身份和字母顺序编码在功能上是可分离的吗？基于视觉相似性和字母调换的掩蔽启动证据。

IF 3.1 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-026-02989-2

Ana Marcet, Raquel Ros-García, Pablo Gómez, Melanie Labusch, Manuel Perea

{"title":"Are letter identity and letter order encoding functionally separable? Evidence from masked priming with visual similarity and letter transpositions.","authors":"Ana Marcet, Raquel Ros-García, Pablo Gómez, Melanie Labusch, Manuel Perea","doi":"10.3758/s13423-026-02989-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-026-02989-2","url":null,"abstract":"Skilled word reading requires the rapid encoding of both letter identities and letter order. Whereas many models of visual word recognition compute letter order over abstract, case-invariant letter identities, other accounts allow uncertainty about letter identity and letter position to remain jointly constrained during early orthographic processing. We pit these competing claims against each other in a series of masked priming experiments. As a manipulation check for the use of uppercase primes and lowercase targets, Experiment 1 (substitution priming) confirmed a visual-similarity priming effect: Priming was larger for visually similar than visually dissimilar substitution primes. The key tests were Experiments 2-3, which contrasted transposed-letter with replacement-letter control primes in lexical decision and same-different tasks, while varying the visual similarity of the transposed pair. Transposed-letter priming was sizable across tasks and, critically, its magnitude was comparable for visually similar and visually dissimilar transpositions. Taken together, our findings favor a functional dissociation between letter-identity and letter-order encoding. These data place quantitative constraints on accounts in which early visual-form uncertainty is expected to propagate directly into uncertainty about relative letter position in masked priming, and they are more naturally accommodated by models in which letter order is encoded over abstract orthographic representations.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13518397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0