Psychonomic Bulletin & Review最新文献_第4页

When periphery rules: Enhanced sampling weights of the visual periphery in crowding across dimensions. 外围决定一切：在跨维度的拥挤中增强视觉外围的取样权重。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02580-7

Amit Yashar, Marisa Carrasco

{"title":"When periphery rules: Enhanced sampling weights of the visual periphery in crowding across dimensions.","authors":"Amit Yashar, Marisa Carrasco","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02580-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02580-7","url":null,"abstract":"Crowding, our inability to identify a feature or object - the target - due to its proximity to adjacent features or objects - flankers - exhibits a notable inner-outer asymmetry. This asymmetry is characterized by the outer flanker - more peripheral - creating stronger interference than the inner one - closer to the fovea. But crowding is not uniform across different feature dimensions. For example, in the case of orientation, this asymmetry reflects misreport errors: observers are more likely to misidentify the outer flanker as the target than the inner one. However, for spatial frequency (SF), observers tend to average the features of the target and flankers (Yashar et al., 2019). Here, we investigated whether and how the inner-outer asymmetry manifests across various feature dimensions: Gabor orientation and SF, as well as T-shape tilt and color. We reanalyzed continuous estimation reports data published by Yashar et al. (2019), focusing on a previously unanalyzed factor: the relative position of each flanker (inner vs. outer). We fit probabilistic models that assign variable weights to each flanker. Our analysis revealed that observers predominantly misreport the outer flanker as the target with Gabor orientation and T-shape tilt stimuli, and slightly so with color stimuli, whereas with Gabor SF, observers perform a weighted average of all features but also with a bias towards the outer flanker over the inner one. These findings suggest that an increased weighting on the more peripheral items is a general characteristic of crowding in peripheral vision.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"779-790"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Holding the product of visual working memory integration: The role of attention. 保持视觉工作记忆整合的产物：注意力的作用

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02582-5

Yuanxiu Zhao, Qihang Zhou, Jiaofeng Li, Chengfeng Zhu, Mowei Shen, Zaifeng Gao

{"title":"Holding the product of visual working memory integration: The role of attention.","authors":"Yuanxiu Zhao, Qihang Zhou, Jiaofeng Li, Chengfeng Zhu, Mowei Shen, Zaifeng Gao","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02582-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02582-5","url":null,"abstract":"The involuntary integration of discrete fragments into meaningful units (e.g., Gestalt) within visual working memory (VWM) is a crucial process in mind. However, the mechanisms governing the maintenance of these integrated products within VWM have remained largely unexplored. The current study sought to address this gap by investigating whether maintaining such VWM integration products places a greater demand on attention resources compared to discrete representations. We hypothesized that maintenance may be costless or require additional attention, which may be domain-specific or domain-general. To examine these hypotheses, we tested whether the emerged Gestalts by VWM integration can be abolished by an attention consumption task. Participants were required to memorize a sequence of oriented disks with or without Gestalt cues, alongside a secondary task during maintenance, consuming a specific type of attention. We found that a task consuming spatial attention impaired the VWM Gestalts of bar contours (Experiments 1 and 3), but not the Gestalts of square contours (Experiment 2). Moreover, a task consuming domain-general attention did not affect the VWM Gestalts of bar contours (Experiment 4). These findings provide evidence suggesting that maintaining VWM integration products requires more attention than discrete representations and that the type of attention required is domain-specific.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"930-940"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Top-down feedback normalizes distortion in early visual word recognition: Insights from masked priming. 自上而下的反馈使早期视觉单词识别中的失真正常化：掩码引物的启示

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02585-2

Maria Fernández-López, Olga Solaja, Davide Crepaldi, Manuel Perea

{"title":"Top-down feedback normalizes distortion in early visual word recognition: Insights from masked priming.","authors":"Maria Fernández-López, Olga Solaja, Davide Crepaldi, Manuel Perea","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02585-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02585-2","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of visually presented words tolerates distortions in the input format, as Hannagan et al. Plos One, 7, e32121, (2012) demonstrated in a masked priming lexical decision task, showing sizable identity-priming effects with CAPTCHA-like primes. This tolerance to distortion has two potential explanations: bottom-up normalization in the encoding stage (Dehaene et al., Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 335-341, 2005) or top-down lexical feedback (McClelland & Rumelhart, Psychological Review, 88, 375-407, 1981). To disentangle the predictions of these accounts, we conducted two masked identity-priming experiments with printed and CAPTCHA-like distorted primes on high- and low-frequency words. The rationale was that, in the distorted format, high-frequency words would benefit more from top-down feedback than low-frequency words. Results in the lexical decision experiment showed that, for high-frequency words, identity-priming effects were only slightly greater for printed than for CAPTCHA-like primes, whereas this difference was larger for low-frequency words. In contrast, when employing the same-different matching task, which does not require lexical access, the identity-priming effect was greater for printed primes and was unaffected by word frequency. Thus, during lexical access, top-down feedback may help normalize the visual input in the early stages of word recognition, challenging bottom-up models of visual word recognition.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"920-929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Tweedledum and Tweedledee of dynamic decisions: Discriminating between diffusion decision and accumulator models. 动态决策中的 "Tweedledum "和 "Tweedledee"：区分扩散决策模型和累加器模型。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02587-0

Peter D Kvam

{"title":"The Tweedledum and Tweedledee of dynamic decisions: Discriminating between diffusion decision and accumulator models.","authors":"Peter D Kvam","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02587-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02587-0","url":null,"abstract":"Theories of dynamic decision-making are typically built on evidence accumulation, which is modeled using racing accumulators or diffusion models that track a shifting balance of support over time. However, these two types of models are only two special cases of a more general evidence accumulation process where options correspond to directions in an accumulation space. Using this generalized evidence accumulation approach as a starting point, I identify four ways to discriminate between absolute-evidence and relative-evidence models. First, an experimenter can look at the information that decision-makers considered to identify whether there is a filtering of near-zero evidence samples, which is characteristic of a relative-evidence decision rule (e.g., diffusion decision model). Second, an experimenter can disentangle different components of drift rates by manipulating the discriminability of the two response options relative to the stimulus to delineate the balance of evidence from the total amount of evidence. Third, a modeler can use machine learning to classify a set of data according to its generative model. Finally, machine learning can also be used to directly estimate the geometric relationships between choice options. I illustrate these different approaches by applying them to data from an orientation-discrimination task, showing converging conclusions across all four methods in favor of accumulator-based representations of evidence during choice. These tools can clearly delineate absolute-evidence and relative-evidence models, and should be useful for comparing many other types of decision theories.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"588-613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Active maintenance of working memory contents affects functioning of attentional filtering. 工作记忆内容的主动维护会影响注意力过滤的功能。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02599-w

Koeun Jung, Suk Won Han, Yoonki Min

{"title":"Active maintenance of working memory contents affects functioning of attentional filtering.","authors":"Koeun Jung, Suk Won Han, Yoonki Min","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02599-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02599-w","url":null,"abstract":"Salient objects are well known to capture attention. Furthermore, a stimulus associated with the attention-capturing objects could infiltrate into working memory. This was recently formulated as filter disruption theory. In the present study, we asked whether such disruption of filter and incidental encoding of irrelevant information into working memory could be prevented. We hypothesized that an active maintenance of information could activate top-down control, thereby preventing the incidental infiltration of irrelevant information into working memory. In experiments, participants performed two consecutive visual searches while maintaining a visual item in working memory. In the first search, one of nontarget items was associated with a salient distractor. Importantly, the color of the nontarget item related to the salient distractor was incidentally encoded into working memory, exerting memory-driven attentional capture in the second search. However, such incidental encoding of irrelevant information into working memory did not occur when participants had to maintain a single color in working memory. This provides novel evidence that while the attentional filter is subject to perceptual distraction, active maintenance of information in working memory can prevent such disruption of the filter.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"907-919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual search and real-image similarity: An empirical assessment through the lens of deep learning. 视觉搜索与真实图像相似性：从深度学习的角度进行实证评估。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02583-4

Marco A Petilli, Francesca M Rodio, Fritz Günther, Marco Marelli

{"title":"Visual search and real-image similarity: An empirical assessment through the lens of deep learning.","authors":"Marco A Petilli, Francesca M Rodio, Fritz Günther, Marco Marelli","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02583-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02583-4","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to predict how efficiently a person finds an object in the environment is a crucial goal of attention research. Central to this issue are the similarity principles initially proposed by Duncan and Humphreys, which outline how the similarity between target and distractor objects (TD) and between distractor objects themselves (DD) affect search efficiency. However, the search principles lack direct quantitative support from an ecological perspective, being a summary approximation of a wide range of lab-based results poorly generalisable to real-world scenarios. This study exploits deep convolutional neural networks to predict human search efficiency from computational estimates of similarity between objects populating, potentially, any visual scene. Our results provide ecological evidence supporting the similarity principles: search performance continuously varies across tasks and conditions and improves with decreasing TD similarity and increasing DD similarity. Furthermore, our results reveal a crucial dissociation: TD and DD similarities mainly operate at two distinct layers of the network: DD similarity at the intermediate layers of coarse object features and TD similarity at the final layers of complex features used for classification. This suggests that these different similarities exert their major effects at two distinct perceptual levels and demonstrates our methodology's potential to offer insights into the depth of visual processing on which the search relies. By combining computational techniques with visual search principles, this approach aligns with modern trends in other research areas and fulfils longstanding demands for more ecologically valid research in the field of visual search.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"822-838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shape of the past: Revealing detail arcs while narrating memories of autobiographical life events across the lifespan. 过去的形状在叙述人一生中自传性生活事件记忆的同时揭示细节弧线。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02592-3

Aubrey A W Knoff, Jessica R Andrews-Hanna, Matthew D Grilli

引用次数: 0

Kelley's Paradox and strength skewness in research on unconscious mental processes. 无意识心理过程研究中的凯利悖论和强度偏斜。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02578-1

Daryl Y H Lee, Christopher J Berry, David R Shanks

{"title":"Kelley's Paradox and strength skewness in research on unconscious mental processes.","authors":"Daryl Y H Lee, Christopher J Berry, David R Shanks","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02578-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02578-1","url":null,"abstract":"A widely adopted approach in research on unconscious perception and cognition involves contrasting behavioral or neural responses to stimuli that have been presented to participants (e.g., old items in a memory test) against those that have not (e.g., new items), and which participants do not discriminate in their conscious reports. We demonstrate that such contrasts do not license inferences about unconscious processing, for two reasons. One is Kelley's Paradox, a statistical phenomenon caused by regression to the mean. In the inevitable presence of measurement error, true awareness of the contrasted stimuli is not equal. The second is a consequence, within the framework of Signal Detection Theory, of unequal skewness in the strengths of target and nontarget items. The fallacious reasoning that underlies the employment of this contrast methodology is illustrated through both computational simulations and formal analysis, and its prevalence is documented in a narrative literature review. Additionally, a recognition memory experiment is reported which tests and confirms a prediction of our analysis of the contrast methodology and corroborates the susceptibility of this method to artifacts attributable to Kelley's Paradox and strength skewness. This work challenges the validity of conclusions drawn from this popular analytic approach.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"614-635"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prior familiarity enhances recognition memory of faces, not just images of faces, when accompanied by conceptual information. 当伴有概念信息时，先前的熟悉感会增强对人脸的识别记忆，而不仅仅是对人脸图像的识别记忆。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02576-3

Belgin Ünal, Melisa Akan, Aaron S Benjamin

{"title":"Prior familiarity enhances recognition memory of faces, not just images of faces, when accompanied by conceptual information.","authors":"Belgin Ünal, Melisa Akan, Aaron S Benjamin","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02576-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02576-3","url":null,"abstract":"A recent paper reported that recognition discriminability was improved for faces that were familiarized prior to study, but only if that familiarization protocol included conceptual information, like a name (Akan & Benjamin, Journal of Memory and Language, 131, 104,433, 2023). In those experiments, familiarity with each facial identity was gained through exposures to the same facial image prior to study, and memory for each facial identity was tested using the same images across study and test. That design characteristic has a serious constraint on generality, since it is possible that prior conceptual information enhances memory for images (of faces), but not for the representation of the face itself. Here we evaluated whether this finding generalizes to a paradigm in which each exposure of a face is a novel image. In two experiments, faces were familiarized with orienting tasks that induced more perceptual or more conceptual processing prior to study and test phases. Results from recognition tests replicated the results from Akan and Benjamin (2023): (1) Discriminability was enhanced when prior familiarity involved conceptual processing but not when it involved perceptual processing, and (2) familiarity gained through either perceptual or conceptual processing led to an increase in both correct and false identifications. This successful replication in a design with exclusively novel images indicates that the discriminability advantage provided by conceptual familiarity goes beyond memory for facial images and applies to memory for faces. These findings have implications in practical contexts, such as eyewitness identification situations involving suspects who are previously known or familiar to the witness.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"812-821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A meta-analysis on the relationship between subjective cognitive failures as measured by the cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and objective performance on executive function tasks. 关于认知失败问卷（CFQ）测量的主观认知失败与执行功能任务客观表现之间关系的荟萃分析。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02573-6

Stephanie C Goodhew, Mark Edwards

{"title":"A meta-analysis on the relationship between subjective cognitive failures as measured by the cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and objective performance on executive function tasks.","authors":"Stephanie C Goodhew, Mark Edwards","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02573-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02573-6","url":null,"abstract":"The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) has been widely used as a measure of subjective cognitive function in everyday life for decades. However, the evidence on how it relates to objective performance on executive function tasks is mixed. One possible reason for these mixed results is that the CFQ has selective relationships with some aspects of executive function and not others. Here, therefore, we classified tasks according to an influential framework of executive functions-switching, updating, inhibition, and we also considered the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) as a category because it was custom designed to gauge cognitive failures. We synthesized a large body of available evidence and performed four Bayesian meta-analyses on the relationship between CFQ scores and objective performance on executive function tasks in these four categories. Results suggested that CFQ scores were associated with objective performance on SART (18 effect sizes, μ = -.19, BF10 = 18.03, i.e., 18.03 times more evidence of a relationship versus no relationship), updating working memory (49 effect sizes, μ = -.06, BF10 = 17.80), and inhibition tasks (41 effect sizes, μ = -.07, BF10 = 15.40), whereas there was not definitive evidence regarding switching (34 effect sizes, μ = -.06, BF10 = .50, i.e., two times greater evidence for no relationship). This suggests that subjective cognitive function can predict objective performance on at least some executive function tasks. We discuss methodological and theoretical factors that constrain the maximum observable correlation and consider the relative insights that subjective measures versus task performance provide.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"528-546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0