Psychonomic Bulletin & Review最新文献_第3页

Context effects in cognitive effort evaluation. 认知努力评价中的情境效应

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02547-8

Sophie Desjardins, Rui Tang, Seffie Yip, Mathieu Roy, A Ross Otto

{"title":"Context effects in cognitive effort evaluation.","authors":"Sophie Desjardins, Rui Tang, Seffie Yip, Mathieu Roy, A Ross Otto","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02547-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02547-8","url":null,"abstract":"When given a choice, people will avoid cognitively effortful courses of action because the experience of effort is evaluated as aversive and costly. At the same time, a body of work spanning psychology, economics, and neuroscience suggests that goods, actions, and experiences are often evaluated in the context in which they are encountered, rather in absolute terms. To probe the extent to which the evaluation of cognitive effort is also context-dependent, we had participants learn associations between unique stimuli and subjective demand levels across low-demand and high-demand contexts. We probed demand preferences and subjective evaluation using a forced-choice paradigm as well by examining effort ratings, taken both on-line (during learning) and off-line (after choice). When choosing between two stimuli objectively identical in terms of demand, participants showed a clear preference for the stimulus learned in the low- versus high-demand context and rated this stimulus as more subjectively effortful than the low-demand context in on-line but not off-line ratings, suggesting an assimilation effect. Finally, we observed that the extent to which individual participants who exhibited stronger assimilation effects in off-line demand ratings were more likely to manifest an assimilation effect in demand preferences. Broadly, our findings suggest that effort evaluations occur in a context-dependent manner and are specifically assimilated to the broader context in which they occur.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"407-416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pavlovian safety learning: An integrative theoretical review. 巴甫洛夫安全学习：综合理论回顾。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02559-4

Patrick A F Laing, Bram Vervliet, Joseph E Dunsmoor, Ben J Harrison

{"title":"Pavlovian safety learning: An integrative theoretical review.","authors":"Patrick A F Laing, Bram Vervliet, Joseph E Dunsmoor, Ben J Harrison","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02559-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02559-4","url":null,"abstract":"Safety learning involves associating stimuli with the absence of threats, enabling the inhibition of fear and anxiety. Despite growing interest in psychology, psychiatry, and neuroscience, safety learning lacks a formal consensus definition, leading to inconsistent methodologies and varied results. Conceptualized as a form of inhibitory learning (conditioned inhibition), safety learning can be understood through formal learning theories, such as the Rescorla-Wagner and Pearce-Hall models. This review aims to establish a principled conceptualization of 'Pavlovian safety learning', identifying cognitive mechanisms that generate safety and the boundary conditions that constrain it. Based on these observations, we define Pavlovian safety learning as an active associative process, where surprising threat-omission (safety prediction error) acts as a salient reinforcing event. Instead of producing merely neutral or nonaversive states, safety learning endows stimuli with active positive associations to 'safety'. The resulting stimulus-safety memories counteract the influence of fear memories, promoting fear regulation, positive affect, and relief. We critically analyze traditional criteria of conditioned inhibition for their relevance to safety and propose areas for future innovation. A principled concept of Pavlovian safety learning may reduce methodological inconsistencies, stimulate translational research, and facilitate a comprehensive understanding of an indispensable psychological construct.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"176-202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensorimotor learning during synchronous speech is modulated by the acoustics of the other voice. 同步语音过程中的感觉运动学习受对方声音的调节。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02536-x

Abigail R Bradshaw, Emma D Wheeler, Carolyn McGettigan, Daniel R Lametti

引用次数: 0

Responsible remembering: The role of metacognition, forgetting, attention, and retrieval in adaptive memory. 负责任的记忆：元认知、遗忘、注意力和检索在适应性记忆中的作用。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02554-9

Dillon H Murphy

{"title":"Responsible remembering: The role of metacognition, forgetting, attention, and retrieval in adaptive memory.","authors":"Dillon H Murphy","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02554-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02554-9","url":null,"abstract":"In our everyday lives, we must remember important information, especially if there are consequences for forgetting. In this review, I discuss recent work on responsible remembering: the strategic and effortful prioritization of important information with consequences for forgetting. Thus far, research regarding responsible remembering has revealed several key factors and mechanisms that work together to enhance memory for important information that will continue to be refined: the identification and selection of what to remember (metacognitive reflectivity), the forgetting of less important information to facilitate memory for items that do need to be remembered (responsible forgetting), the functional prioritization of attention at the expense of competing factors (responsible attention), and the selective recall of important information via efficient retrieval strategies (responsible retrieval). Together, these functions form a cohesive system that aims to selectively prioritize, encode, and recall information that is deemed important based on its anticipated utility or the consequences of forgetting, and considering the importance of information may be a critical memory adaptation as we age. Specifically, if younger and older adults learn to self-assess and prioritize important information that has negative consequences if forgotten, engage in strategic forgetting, efficiently allocate their attentional resources, and utilize effective retrieval operations, memory for said important information can be enhanced.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"156-175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalisation to novel exemplars of learned shape categories based on visual and auditory spatial cues does not benefit from multisensory information. 对基于视觉和听觉空间线索学习到的形状类别的新范例进行泛化，并不能从多感官信息中获益。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02548-7

A O'Dowd, R J Hirst, M A Seveso, E M McKenna, F N Newell

{"title":"Generalisation to novel exemplars of learned shape categories based on visual and auditory spatial cues does not benefit from multisensory information.","authors":"A O'Dowd, R J Hirst, M A Seveso, E M McKenna, F N Newell","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02548-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02548-7","url":null,"abstract":"Although the integration of information across multiple senses can enhance object representations in memory, how multisensory information affects the formation of categories is uncertain. In particular, it is unclear to what extent categories formed from multisensory information benefit object recognition over unisensory inputs. Two experiments investigated the categorisation of novel auditory and visual objects, with categories defined by spatial similarity, and tested generalisation to novel exemplars. Participants learned to categorise exemplars based on visual-only (geometric shape), auditory-only (spatially defined soundscape) or audio-visual spatial cues. Categorisation to learned as well as novel exemplars was then tested under the same sensory learning conditions. For all learning modalities, categorisation generalised to novel exemplars. However, there was no evidence of enhanced categorisation performance for learned multisensory exemplars. At best, bimodal performance approximated that of the most accurate unimodal condition, although this was observed only for a subset of exemplars within a category. These findings provide insight into the perceptual processes involved in the formation of categories and have relevance for understanding the sensory nature of object representations underpinning these categories.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"417-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation. 人类逆行性遗忘症与记忆巩固。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02567-4

Panayiotis P Ketonis, Thomas Q McClelland, Dani Parra, Gabriel A Radvansky

{"title":"Human retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation.","authors":"Panayiotis P Ketonis, Thomas Q McClelland, Dani Parra, Gabriel A Radvansky","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02567-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02567-4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a reassessment of published literature on the question of whether retrograde amnesia data from patients with severe trauma supports the idea that there is ongoing consolidation of long-lasting memories. That is, memory consolidation continues for decades with older memories being increasingly consolidated, and, thus, more protected from forgetting. Our analysis was limited to patients with specific traumas rather than neurodegenerative conditions that can be complicated by the additional presence of significant anterograde amnesia. These constraints were used because trauma patients have a definitive start to their amnesia allowing comparison of their memories before this event, unlike when there is an undefined amnesia onset. Our results revealed that the standard account of retrograde amnesia only fits part of the data, with more than half not conforming to this account. Specifically, damage to different brain areas was associated with different patterns of retrograde amnesia. Those cases where the standard retrograde amnesia account was held tended to involve damage to the hippocampus and temporal lobes, as expected. Future directions to better understand the influence of retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation are suggested.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"281-293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reasoning about possibilities: Modal logics, possible worlds, and mental models. 可能性推理：模态逻辑、可能世界和心智模型。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02518-z

P N Johnson-Laird, Marco Ragni

{"title":"Reasoning about possibilities: Modal logics, possible worlds, and mental models.","authors":"P N Johnson-Laird, Marco Ragni","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02518-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02518-z","url":null,"abstract":"Everyone reasons about possibilities. This article explains how they could do so using mental models. The theory makes four major claims: 1. Correct inferences are necessary, referring only to facts or possibilities to which the premises refer and not ruling any of them out, for example: She left or hid; Therefore, it's possible that she left and possible that she hid. 2. A possibility such as that she hid, which is represented in an intuitive model, presupposes the possibility that it did not occur, she did not hide, which, if reasoners deliberate, is represented in the resulting model. 3. Reasoners condense consistent possibilities, such as the earlier pair, into one possibility: it is possible that she left and she hid. 4. Inconsistencies, such as she left or hid, and she neither left nor hid, refer to no possibilities whatsoever - they have an empty model - and so their only effects are local. Hence, any inference can be withdrawn with impunity if there is knowledge to the contrary. Experiments have corroborated each of these principles. They are incompatible with four essentials of standard modal logics, which concern deductions based on \"possible\" or \"necessary\". Their formal deductions correspond to valid inferences, which have no counterexamples in which the premises are true but the conclusion is false. And so the article examines the differences between the two approaches, and explores the adaptation of a modal logic to account for correct human reasoning. Its feasibility is an open question.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"52-79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

False memories in bilinguals: Integration of information across languages and limits on proficiency effects. 双语者的错误记忆：跨语言的信息整合与能力效应的限制。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02544-x

Bianca V Gurrola, Wendy S Francis

引用次数: 0

Exploring the effectiveness of reward-based learning strategies for second-language speech sounds. 探索第二语言语音奖励式学习策略的有效性。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02541-0

Craig A Thorburn, Ellen Lau, Naomi H Feldman

{"title":"Exploring the effectiveness of reward-based learning strategies for second-language speech sounds.","authors":"Craig A Thorburn, Ellen Lau, Naomi H Feldman","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02541-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02541-0","url":null,"abstract":"Adults struggle to learn non-native speech categories in many experimental settings (Goto, Neuropsychologia, 9(3), 317-323 1971), but learn efficiently in a video game paradigm where non-native speech sounds have functional significance (Lim & Holt, Cognitive Science, 35(7), 1390-1405 2011). Behavioral and neural evidence from this and other paradigms point toward the involvement of reinforcement learning mechanisms in speech category learning (Harmon, Idemaru, & Kapatsinski, Cognition, 189, 76-88 2019; Lim, Fiez, & Holt, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116, 201811992 2019). We formalize this hypothesis computationally and implement a deep reinforcement learning network to map between environmental input and actions. Comparing to a supervised model of learning, we show that the reinforcement network closely matches aspects of human behavior in two experiments - learning of synthesized auditory noise tokens and improvement in speech sound discrimination. Both models perform comparably and the similarity in the output of each model leads us to believe that there is little inherent computational benefit to a reward-based learning mechanism. We suggest that the specific neural circuitry engaged by the paradigm and links between striatum and superior temporal areas play a critical role in effective learning.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Setting the scene for boundary extension: Methods, findings, connections, and theories. 为边界扩展做好准备：方法、发现、联系和理论。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02545-w

Timothy L Hubbard

{"title":"Setting the scene for boundary extension: Methods, findings, connections, and theories.","authors":"Timothy L Hubbard","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02545-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-024-02545-w","url":null,"abstract":"A previously viewed scene is often remembered as containing a larger extent of the background than was actually present, and information that was likely present just outside the boundaries of that view is often incorporated into the representation of that scene. This has been referred to as boundary extension. Methodologies used in studies on boundary extension (terminology, stimulus presentation, response measures) are described. Empirical findings regarding effects of characteristics of the stimulus (whether the stimulus depicts a scene, semantics of the scene, view angle, object size, object cropping, object orientation, object color, number of objects, depth of field, object distance, viewpoint production, scene orientation, motion, faces, emotions, modality, whether the scene is multimodal), characteristics of the display (aperture shape, aperture size, target duration, retention interval), and characteristics of the observer (allocation of attention, imagination, age, expectations and strategies, eye fixation, eye movements, monocular or binocular view, vantage point, confinement, prior exposure, expertise, arousal, pathology) on boundary extension are reviewed. Connections of boundary extension to other cognitive phenomena and processes (evolutionary adaptation, Gestalt principles, illusions, psychophysics, invariant physical principles, aesthetics, temporal boundary extension, normalization) are noted, and theories and theoretical considerations regarding boundary extension (multisource model, boundary transformation, mental imagery, 4E cognition, cognitive modularity, neurological mechanisms of scene representation) are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":"97-138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0