{"title":"The putative cannabinoid-secreting trichome of Trema micrantha (L.) Blume (Cannabaceae).","authors":"Simone Pádua Teixeira, Isabel Cristina Nascimento, Marina Priolo Grejo, Viviane Gonçalves Leite, Sílvia Rodrigues Machado","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01907-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01907-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trema, a genus of the popularly known Cannabaceae, has recently been the subject of cannabinoid bioprospection. T. micrantha is a tree with pharmacological potential widely used in folk medicine. It has two types of glandular trichomes, bulbous and filiform, spread throughout the plant body. Considering the proximity of this species to Cannabis sativa and Trema orientalis, species containing cannabinoids, the glandular trichomes of T. micrantha are also expected to be related to the secretion of these compounds. Thus, this study aims to detail the morphology of secretory trichomes during the synthesis, storing and release of metabolites in T. micrantha. We tested the proposition that they could be a putative type of cannabinoid-secreting gland. Pistillate and staminate flowers and leaves were collected and processed for ontogenic, histochemical, and ultrastructural analyses. Both types of glandular trichomes originate from a protodermal cell. They are putative cannabinoid-secreting sites because: (1) terpene-phenols and, more specifically, cannabinoids were detected in situ; (2) their secretory subcellular apparatus is consistent with that found in C. sativa: modified plastids, polyribosomes, an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, and a moniliform smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Plastids and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are involved in the synthesis of terpenes, while the rough endoplasmic reticulum acts in the phenolic synthesis. These substances cross the plasma membrane by exocytosis and are released outside the trichome through cuticle pores. The study of the cell biology of the putative cannabinoid glands can promote the advancement of prospecting for natural products in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hemiptera-induced galls of Sapium glandulosum have histological and cytological compartmentalization created with a large amount of carbohydrate.","authors":"Lorena Moreira Pires Rosa, Maraíza Sousa Silva, Renê Gonçalves da Silva Carneiro, Mariana Machado, Vinícius Coelho Kuster","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01921-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01921-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gall formation impacts the development of plant species by altering the structure and mobilization of reserves, and the functional and physiological patterns of the host organ. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact generated by the Neolithus fasciatus galling insect (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Sapium glandulosum leaves (Euphorbiaceae) at the cytological, histological, histochemical, and biochemical levels. Non-galled leaves and galls in the young, mature, and senescent stages were evaluated. The non-galled leaf has a uniseriate epidermis, stomata only on the abaxial side, a dorsiventral mesophyll, and parenchyma cells with thin primary walls containing chloroplasts with plastoglobules. The gall has a parenchymatous compartmentalized cortex. The young and mature galls already have a dense cytoplasm, especially in the inner cells of the cortex, with chloroplasts, mitochondria, Golgi complex, and large and evident nuclei. In senescent galls, there are signs of organelle degradation and cell digestion. Carbohydrates occur in greater amounts in the mature gall, mainly in the starch grain form, while proteins and lipids predominate in non-galled leaves. Secondary metabolites occur mainly in the young gall and may be related to its protection and to the signaling of its development. Sapium glandulosum galls have histological and cytological compartmentalization of the cortex with a large amount of carbohydrates, which supply energy to maintain the development of the structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProtoplasmaPub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-11-14DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01905-y
Patrícia Pereira Fonseca, Hellen Cássia Mazzottini-Dos-Santos, Islaine Franciely Pinheiro de Azevedo, Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes, Leonardo Monteiro Ribeiro
{"title":"Histogenesis and reserve dynamics during the maintenance of dormancy and germination in seeds of the basal palm Mauritiella armata.","authors":"Patrícia Pereira Fonseca, Hellen Cássia Mazzottini-Dos-Santos, Islaine Franciely Pinheiro de Azevedo, Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes, Leonardo Monteiro Ribeiro","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01905-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01905-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The germination and post-seminal development of Arecaceae are notably complex due to the microscopic dimensions of the embryonic axis, the occurrence of dormancy, and the diversity of reserve compounds. In-depth information on this subject is still limited, especially in terms of the basal sub-family Calamoideae. Mauritiella armata is widely distributed in the Amazon region and is considered a key species in flooded ecosystems (veredas) in the Cerrado biome. We sought to describe histogenesis and reserve compound dynamics during the germination of M. armata, as well as the changes in incubated seeds over time. Seeds with their operculum removed (the structure that limits embryonic growth) were evaluated during germination using standard methods of histology, histochemistry, and electron microscopy. Evaluations were also performed on intact seeds incubated for 180 days. The embryos show characteristics associated with recalcitrant seeds of Arecaceae: a high water content (>80%), differentiated vessel elements, and reduced lipid reserves. Both the embryo and endosperm store abundant reserves of proteins, neutral carbohydrates, and pectins. The completion of germination involves cell divisions and expansions in specific regions of the embryo, in addition to the mobilization of embryonic and endospermic reserves through symplastic and apoplastic flows. Intact seeds show dormancy (not germinating for 180 days), but exhibit continuous development associated with cell growth, differentiation, and reserve mobilization. The anatomical and histochemical characters of M. armata seeds indicate an association between recalcitrance and dormancy related to the species' adaptation to flooded environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProtoplasmaPub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-12-21DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01915-w
Ana Luisa Arantes Chaves, Marco Tulio Mendes Ferreira, Marcial Escudero, Modesto Luceño, Suzana Maria Costa
{"title":"Chromosomal evolution in Cryptangieae Benth. (Cyperaceae): Evidence of holocentrism and pseudomonads.","authors":"Ana Luisa Arantes Chaves, Marco Tulio Mendes Ferreira, Marcial Escudero, Modesto Luceño, Suzana Maria Costa","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01915-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01915-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryptangieae has recently been revised based on morphology and molecular phylogeny, but cytogenetic data is still scarce. We conducted this study with the aim of investigating the occurrence of holocentric chromosomes and pseudomonads, as well as understanding the mode of chromosomal evolution in the tribe. We performed analyses of meiotic behavior, chromosome counts, and reconstruction of the ancestral state for the haploid number. We present novel cytogenetic data for eight potentially holocentric species: Cryptangium verticillatum, Krenakia junciforme, K. minarum, Lagenocarpus bracteosus, L. griseus, L. inversus, L. rigidus, and L. tenuifolius. Meiotic abnormalities were observed, with parallel spindles being particularly noteworthy. Intra-specific variations in chromosome number were not found, which may indicate an efficient genetic control for the elimination of abnormal nuclei. The inferred ancestral haploid number was n = 16, with dysploidy being the main evolutionary mechanism. At least five chromosomal fissions occurred in Krenakia (n = 21), followed by a further ascending dysploidy event in Lagenocarpus (n = 17). As proposed for Cyperaceae, it is possible that cladogenesis events in Cryptangieae were marked by numerical and structural chromosomal changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138831190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProtoplasmaPub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01909-8
Manuel Alberto Ayala-Ramos, Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias, Teresa Terrazas, Rosaura Grether
{"title":"Ecological implications of stomatal density and stomatal index in the adult stage of Mimosa L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae).","authors":"Manuel Alberto Ayala-Ramos, Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias, Teresa Terrazas, Rosaura Grether","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01909-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01909-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differences in stomatal density (SD) and stomatal index (SI) are associated with the conditions of the environment in which they are distributed. Mimosa species are important elements in different plant communities, yet knowledge of the ecological implications of its stomatal characteristics is scarce. For this reason, SD and SI were determined in seven Mimosa species from different environments in this study. Five individuals per species were selected, and a sample of leaflets was obtained from each. Fifteen mature leaflets per individual were then extracted and observed by optical microscopy. SD, SI, epidermal cell density (ECD), and guard cell length (GCL) values were obtained. Differences between species were analyzed through a balanced analysis of variance test, and the correspondence between the stomatal characteristics and 21 climate variables was determined by canonical correspondence analysis. The species differed in all evaluated characteristics. It should be noted that only M. affinis showed differences between the leaflet surfaces. Both DE and ECD were negatively associated with altitude and solar radiation and positively with temperature and precipitation. SI was explained by temperature and seasonality of precipitation, and GCL by temperature oscillation and seasonality of precipitation. The results suggest that the stomatal characteristics of the leaflets confer resistance in the species to alterations in environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProtoplasmaPub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01918-7
Jaroslaw Wieczorek, Piotr Pawlicki, Marta Zarzycka, Laura Pardyak, Piotr Niedbala, Michal Duliban, Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen, Malgorzata Kotula-Balak
{"title":"Correction to: Elevated luteinizing hormone receptor signaling or selenium treatment leads to comparable changes in adrenal cortex histology and androgen-AR/ZIP9 signaling.","authors":"Jaroslaw Wieczorek, Piotr Pawlicki, Marta Zarzycka, Laura Pardyak, Piotr Niedbala, Michal Duliban, Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen, Malgorzata Kotula-Balak","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01918-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01918-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11021275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProtoplasmaPub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01908-9
Samia Daldoul, Faouzia Hanzouli, Hatem Boubakri, Peter Nick, Ahmed Mliki, Mahmoud Gargouri
{"title":"Deciphering the regulatory networks involved in mild and severe salt stress responses in the roots of wild grapevine Vitis vinifera spp. sylvestris.","authors":"Samia Daldoul, Faouzia Hanzouli, Hatem Boubakri, Peter Nick, Ahmed Mliki, Mahmoud Gargouri","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01908-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01908-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcriptional regulatory networks are pivotal components of plant's response to salt stress. However, plant adaptation strategies varied as a function of stress intensity, which is mainly modulated by climate change. Here, we determined the gene regulatory networks based on transcription factor (TF) TF_gene co-expression, using two transcriptomic data sets generated from the salt-tolerant \"Tebaba\" roots either treated with 50 mM NaCl (mild stress) or 150 mM NaCl (severe stress). The analysis of these regulatory networks identified specific TFs as key regulatory hubs as evidenced by their multiple interactions with different target genes related to stress response. Indeed, under mild stress, NAC and bHLH TFs were identified as central hubs regulating nitrogen storage process. Moreover, HSF TFs were revealed as a regulatory hub regulating various aspects of cellular metabolism including flavonoid biosynthesis, protein processing, phenylpropanoid metabolism, galactose metabolism, and heat shock proteins. These processes are essentially linked to short-term acclimatization under mild salt stress. This was further consolidated by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showing structural and plant growth adjustment. Conversely, under severe salt stress, dramatic metabolic changes were observed leading to novel TF members including MYB family as regulatory hubs controlling isoflavonoid biosynthesis, oxidative stress response, abscisic acid signaling pathway, and proteolysis. The PPI network analysis also revealed deeper stress defense changes aiming to restore plant metabolic homeostasis when facing severe salt stress. Overall, both the gene co-expression and PPI network provided valuable insights on key transcription factor hubs that can be employed as candidates for future genetic crop engineering programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HIF-1α is an important regulator of IL-8 expression in human bone marrow stromal cells under hypoxic microenvironment.","authors":"Qiqi Huang, Ruolan You, Maoqing Tan, Danni Cai, Hong Zou, Shuxia Zhang, Huifang Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01920-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01920-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The secretion of IL-8 has been found increasing for different reasons in human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), resulting in poor prognosis in patients with hematologic neoplasms. Hypoxia, a typical feature of numerous hematologic neoplasms microenvironment, often produces hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) which stabilizes and promotes tumor progression. Besides, hypoxic conditions also induce IL-8 production in BMSCs. However, very little is known about the mechanism of increased IL-8 expression in BMSCs caused by hypoxia. In the present study, HIF-1α and IL-8 were found highly expressed in BMSC lines under hypoxic conditions. In addition, the expression and secretion of IL-8 were significantly inhibited by the knockdown of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, HIF-1α was found to transcriptionally regulate IL-8 by binding to the region of IL-8 promoter at - 147 to - 140. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IL-8's increase is partly due to the hypoxic microenvironment in hematologic neoplasms, and activation of HIF-1α in BMSCs contributes to the induction and transcriptional regulation of IL-8 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138885976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProtoplasmaPub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01910-1
Jaroslaw Wieczorek, Piotr Pawlicki, Marta Zarzycka, Laura Pardyak, Piotr Niedbala, Michal Duliban, Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen, Malgorzata Kotula-Balak
{"title":"Elevated luteinizing hormone receptor signaling or selenium treatment leads to comparable changes in adrenal cortex histology and androgen-AR/ZIP9 signaling.","authors":"Jaroslaw Wieczorek, Piotr Pawlicki, Marta Zarzycka, Laura Pardyak, Piotr Niedbala, Michal Duliban, Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen, Malgorzata Kotula-Balak","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01910-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01910-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance and regulation of adrenal androgen production and signaling are not completely understood and are scarcely studied. In addition, there is still a search for appropriate animal models and experimental systems for the investigation of adrenal physiology and disease. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) signaling and selenium (Se2+) exposure on androgen adrenal signaling via canonical androgen receptor (AR), and membrane androgen receptor acting as zinc transporter (zinc- and iron-like protein 9; ZIP9). For herein evaluations, adrenals isolated from transgenic mice with elevated LH receptor signaling (KiLHRD<sup>582G</sup>) and adrenals obtained from rabbits used for ex vivo adenal cortex culture and exposure to Se2+ were utilized. Tissues were assessed for morphological, morphometric, and Western blot analyses and testosterone and zinc level measurements.Comparison of adrenal cortex histology and morphometric analysis in KiLHRD<sup>582G</sup> mice and Se2+-treated rabbits revealed cell hypertrophy. No changes in the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were found. In addition, AR expression was decreased (p < 0.001) in both KiLHRD<sup>582G</sup> mouse and Se2+-treated rabbit adrenal cortex while expression of ZIP9 showed diverse changes. Its expression was increased (P < 0.001) in KiLHRD<sup>582G</sup> mice and decreased (P < 0.001) in Se2+-treated rabbits but only at the dose 10 ug/100 mg/ tissue. Moreover, increased testosterone levels (P < 0.05) and zinc levels were detected in the adrenal cortex of KiLHRD<sup>582G</sup> mice whereas in rabbit adrenal cortex treated with Se2+, the effect was the opposite (P < 0.001).</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11021298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProtoplasmaPub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01906-x
Andrey S Ryabchenko, Galina L Kolomeitseva, Alexander V Babosha, Vladimir A Koval
{"title":"Megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and embryogenesis of Liparis elliptica (Orchidaceae), with special note to the development of unique unitegmal ovule.","authors":"Andrey S Ryabchenko, Galina L Kolomeitseva, Alexander V Babosha, Vladimir A Koval","doi":"10.1007/s00709-023-01906-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-023-01906-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and embryogenesis of Liparis elliptica (family Orchidaceae, tribe Malaxideae, subtribe Malaxidinae) have been studied. It was shown that the L. elliptica embryo sac is monosporic and develops from the chalazal cell of the megaspore triad according to the modified Polygonum type. The embryo sacs are reduced to four-six nuclei. The suspensor is unicellular, spherical in shape, originating from the basal cell (cb). A unique feature of L. elliptica is the unitegmal ovule, which distinguishes this species from other members of the tribe Malaxideae. The seed coat is formed by an outer layer of the single internal integument. Reduction of the outer integument is a rare feature for epiphytic orchid species with photosynthetic leaves.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71485306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}