Protoplasma最新文献

{"title":"Integrated insights into the cytological, histochemical, and cell wall composition features of Espinosa nothofagi (Hymenoptera) gall tissues: implications for functionality.","authors":"Lubia María Guedes, Narciso Aguilera, Vinícius Coelho Kuster, Renê Gonçalves da Silva Carneiro, Denis Coelho de Oliveira","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01985-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01985-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many insect-induced galls are considered complex structures due to their tissue compartmentalization and multiple roles performed by them. The current study investigates the complex interaction between Nothofagus obliqua host plant and the hymenopteran gall-inducer Espinosa nothofagi, focusing on cell wall properties and cytological features. The E. nothofagi galls present an inner cortex with nutritive and storage tissues, as well as outer cortex with epidermis, chlorenchyma, and water-storing parenchyma. The water-storing parenchyma cells are rich in pectins, heteromannans, and xyloglucans in their walls, and have large vacuoles. Homogalacturonans contribute to water retention, and periplasmic spaces function as additional water reservoirs. Nutritive storage cell walls support nutrient storage, with plasmodesmata facilitating nutrient mobilization crucial for larval nutrition. Their primary and sometimes thick secondary cell walls support structural integrity and act as a carbon reserve. The absent labeling of non-cellulosic epitopes indicates a predominantly cellulosic nature in nutritive cell walls, facilitating larval access to lipid, protein, and reducing sugar-rich contents. The nutritive tissue, with functional chloroplasts and high metabolism-related organelles, displays signs of self-sufficiency, emphasizing its role in larval nutrition and cellular maintenance. Overall, the intricate cell wall composition in E. nothofagi galls showcases adaptations for water storage, nutrient mobilization, and larval nutrition, contributing significantly to our understanding of plant-insect interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"149-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nocodazole and latrunculin B on locomotion of amoeboid cells of Rhizochromulina sp. strain B44 (Heterokontophyta, Dictyochophyceae).","authors":"Pavel Safonov, Vadim Khaitov, Olga Palii, Sergei Skarlato, Mariia Berdieva","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02024-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02024-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhizochromulina is a genus of unicellular dictyochophycean algae (Heterokontophyta), comprising a single species R. marina and numerous strains. Recently, we described the first arctic rhizochromuline-Rhizochromulina sp. strain B44. Amoeboid cells of this algae are able to transform into flagellates, and this transition can be triggered by prolonged mechanical disturbance. Thin branching pseudopodia of the neighboring rhizochromuline cells fuse to form a meroplasmodium. The pseudopodia contain microtubules, but do not contain actin microfilaments; actin forms the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton and extends only to the bases of the pseudopodia. Microtubule-driven pseudopodia are characteristic to a plethora of eukaryotes, but the role of microtubular and actin cytoskeleton in locomotion of these organisms remains poorly understood. We conducted a series of experiments where amoeboid cells of Rhizochromulina sp. B44 were treated with either 10 µM nocodazole, 10 µM latrunculin B, or both drugs simultaneously. Cellular locomotion was captured on camera, tracked, and then analyzed with the help of the generalized additive mixed model. The obtained results indicate that both drugs, when applied separately, decrease the motility of the studied cells. Unexpectedly, the combined treatment had the opposite effect, as the cells became more motile. The analysis also revealed a non-linear pattern of relationship between motility of amoeboid cells of rhizochromulines and density of their population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional crosstalk of sucrose and G protein signaling in maize thermotolerance by modulating osmoregulation system.","authors":"Hong-Yan Chen, Zhong-Guang Li","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02020-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02020-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sucrose (SUC) is a signaling molecule with multiple physiological functions. G protein is a kind of receptor that converts extracellular first messenger into intracellular second messenger. However, it is little known that SUC interplays with G protein signaling in maize thermotolerance. In this work, using maize seedlings as materials, the interplay between SUC and G protein signaling in maize thermotolerance was investigated. The results indicate that heat stress-decreased survival percentage and tissue viability of the seedlings was mitigated by SUC. Similarly, heat stress-increased malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage also was reduced by SUC. These findings show that SUC can potentially enhance thermotolerance in maize seedlings. Also, SUC-enhanced thermotolerance was abolished by suramin (G protein inhibitor) and N-ethylmaleimide (SUC transport inhibitor), but enhanced by 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (G protein activator), indicating the interplay of SUC and G protein signaling in maize thermotolerance. To investigate the possible mechanism behind SUC-G protein interaction in enhancing maize thermotolerance, osmoregulation in mesocotyls of seedlings were evaluated before and after heat stress. The results suggest that osmolytes (SUC, glucose, fructose, total soluble sugar, proline, and glycine betaine) contents in mesocotyls under non-heat and heat stress were increased by SUC in varying degrees. Likewise, the osmolyte-metabolizing enzymes (sucrose-phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase, ornithine aminotransferase, betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase, and trehalase) activities were enhanced by SUC. Analogously, ZmSPS1, ZmSUS6, ZmP5CS, ZmOAT, ZmBADH, and ZmTRE1 expression in mesocotyls was up-regulated by SUC to different extent. These findings illustrate that the functional crosstalk of sucrose and G protein signaling in maize thermotolerance by modulating osmoregulation system.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of polyethylene glycol as an alternative to optimal cutting temperature medium in freeze sectioning for plant histochemical studies.","authors":"Shobhon Paul, Pallabi Saha, Adinpunya Mitra","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02008-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02008-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant anatomical and histochemical studies are concerned with the structural organization of tissues as well as localization of various metabolites and enzyme activity inside cells and tissues. Traditionally, rotary microtomes are used for paraffin and resin-embedded samples which provide excellent preservation of tissue morphology but removes enzymes, lipid components, and various specialized metabolites. Freeze sectioning apparently remained unexplored in plant histology because of the presence of rigid cell walls and highly vacuolated cytoplasm in plant tissues. In this study, we have described a simple cryostat-based sectioning technique using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as embedding medium after glycerol infiltration that protects the plant tissues from freezing and thawing damage. We have also compared the suitability of inexpensive aqueous PEG solution as compared to commercially available optimal cutting temperature (OCT) medium and obtained identical microscopic images. Diverse plant organs from different genera were sectioned to check the application of this method in plant anatomical studies. In all the cases, cross sections were shown to be well preserved similar to paraffin-embedded plant tissues. In addition, histochemical analyses showed retention of metabolites and even enzymes in the tissues, which can make this method an alternate choice in cryo-microtomy replacing the expensive OCT medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based cytoskeleton segmentation for accurate high-throughput measurement of cytoskeleton density.","authors":"Ryota Horiuchi, Asuka Kamimura, Yuga Hanaki, Hikari Matsumoto, Minako Ueda, Takumi Higaki","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02019-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02019-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microscopic analyses of cytoskeleton organization are crucial for understanding various cellular activities, including cell proliferation and environmental responses in plants. Traditionally, assessments of cytoskeleton dynamics have been qualitative, relying on microscopy-assisted visual inspection. However, the transition to quantitative digital microscopy has introduced new technical challenges, with segmentation of cytoskeleton structures proving particularly demanding. In this study, we examined the utility of a deep learning-based segmentation method for accurate quantitative evaluation of cytoskeleton organization using confocal microscopic images of the cortical microtubules in tobacco BY-2 cells. The results showed that, although conventional methods sufficed for measurement of cytoskeleton angles and parallelness, the deep learning-based method significantly improved the accuracy of density measurements. To assess the versatility of the method, we extended our analysis to physiologically significant models in the context of changes in cytoskeleton density, namely Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells and zygotes. The deep learning-based method successfully improved the accuracy of cytoskeleton density measurements for quantitative evaluations of physiological changes in both stomatal movement in guard cells and intracellular polarization in elongating zygotes, confirming its utility in these applications. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning-based segmentation in providing precise and high-throughput measurements of cytoskeleton density, and has the potential to automate and expedite analyses of large-scale image datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrastructure of the ejaculatory duct of Terrobittacus implicatus (Mecoptera: Bittacidae).","authors":"Qi-Hui Lyu, Shuang Xue, Xiao-Fei Wei, Wen-Jie Dong","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02018-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02018-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The unique mating behavior of Bittacidae has been extensively studied, yet the mechanisms underlying internal sperm transport and temporary storage before mating remain enigmatic. Herein, we aim to elucidate these mechanisms by investigating the fine structure of the ejaculatory duct, which serves for sperm transport and temporary storage. The ultrastructure of the ejaculatory duct of Terrobittacus implicatus (Mecoptera: Bittacidae) was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy for the first time in this study. The ejaculatory duct is composed of a median duct and a pair of symmetrical accessory sacs. In the proximal fifth portion, the two accessory sacs encompass the median duct in two loose layers. In the remaining distal portion, the median duct remains centrally positioned, and two accessory sacs symmetrically enclose its lateral and ventral surfaces. The distal median duct consists of a basal lamina, an unevenly arranged epithelium, a large subcuticular cavity, and a narrow inner cuticle. The distal accessory sac can be divided into three areas with distinct ultrastructural features. The ejaculatory duct exhibits conspicuous secretory activity, and given the absence of an ectodermal accessory gland in males, it is possible that the ejaculatory duct may fulfill additional glandular function. The narrow lumen and the reduced muscular sheath of the ejaculatory duct may be associated with the unique mechanism of ejaculation and mating.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autophagic activity in the midgut cells of three arachnids responds selectively to different modes of overwintering in caves.","authors":"Saška Lipovšek, Tanja Vajs, Barbara Dariš, Tone Novak, Peter Kozel","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02009-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02009-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autophagy is a highly conserved metabolic process that regulates cellular homeostasis and energy supply by degrading dysfunctional and excess cell constituents and reserve materials into products that are reused in metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. Macroautophagy is the best studied form of autophagy in invertebrates. Starvation is a common stress factor triggering autophagy in overwintering animals. In arachnids, the midgut diverticula cells perform many vital metabolic functions and are therefore critically involved in the response to starvation. Here we studied macroautophagy in three species which apply different modes for overwintering in caves: the harvestmen Gyas annulatus in diapause, Amilenus aurantiacus with ongoing ontogenesis under fasting conditions, and the spider Meta menardi, which feeds opportunistically even in winter. The main goal was to find eventual qualitative and quantitative differences in autophagic processes by inspecting TEM micrographs. In all three species, the rates of midgut epithelial cells with autophagic structures gradually increased during overwintering, but were significantly lower in G. annulatus in the middle and at the end of overwintering than in the other two species, owing to metabolic activity having been more suppressed. Decomposition of mitochondria and glycogen took place in autophagic structures in all three species. Moreover, spherite disintegration in A. aurantiacus and a special form of lipid disintegration through \"lipid bubbly structures\" in M. menardi indicate the crucial involvment of selective autophagy, while no specific autophagy was observed in G. annulatus. We conclude that autophagic activities support overwintering in different ways in the species studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and expression analysis of phosphate transporter (PHT) genes in Brachypodium distachyon in response to phosphorus deficiency.","authors":"Chiraz Friji, Hatem Boubakri, Luisa M Martinez, Laura Ruiz Torres, Antonio José Manzaneda, Mhemmed Gandour","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02014-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02014-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphorus (P) is a macronutrient that plays a crucial role in critical plant functions. Phosphate transporters (PHTs) ensure the acquisition and translocation of Pi in the plant, thereby playing a key role in maintaining normal plant growth under Pi deficiency conditions. In Brachypodium distachyon, the grass model system, the function of individual PHT genes, remains largely unknown. Here, we identified the complete PHT gene family in B. distachyon, for the first time, and analyzed their expression profiles under Pi deficiency. Overall, 25 PHT genes in B. distachyon (BdPHTs) were identified, which were divided into four clades (PHT1-4). BdPHT genes were found to be unevenly distributed across the five chromosomes. Both segmental and tandem duplication events contributed to PHT gene expansion in B. distachyon which underwent a strong purifying selection. Moreover, exon-intron organization and motif composition were conserved within each PHT group consolidating the classification of the phylogenetic tree. Motif composition differs among the four PHT groups, indicating their functional divergence. Gene expression analysis using real-time quantitative PCR revealed that two BdPHT1 genes (BdPHT1.9 and BdPHT1.10) were upregulated in leaves, and seven (BdPHT1.9, BdPHT1.8, BdPHT1.7, BdPHT1.11, BdPHT1.12, BdPHT1.5, and BdPHT1.13) in roots under P deficiency suggesting their involvement in P uptake and translocation. Therefore, these results lay the foundation for future functional analyses in B. distachyon to improve P deficiency tolerance in B. distachyon and other cereals.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome assembly, annotation and evolutionary insights from the draft genome of wild pomegranate.","authors":"Ritu Mahajan, Suruchi Gupta, Nipunta Tanoj, Tania Sagar, Sandeep Kaur, Shajaat Hussain, Nisha Kapoor","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02012-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02012-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wild pomegranate is a potent medicinal plant known for its medicinal and nutritional attributes. Despite its healing and curative properties, the genome of this wild species remains elusive, thus limiting our understanding on the genetic processes involved in the biosynthesis of functional molecules. This study presents the annotation of a de novo genome assembly of wild pomegranate, with a genome size of 279.0 Mb. From the assembly, 34.8 GB of the data was retained, encompassing 72,055 scaffolds. A total of 49,178 genes were predicted, with an average of 5.36 exons per gene and a GC content of 49%. About 14,400 genes were annotated in biological, cellular and molecular processes related mostly to carbohydrate metabolism, intracellular signal transduction, mRNA binding and DNA helicase activity. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed maximum number of genes associated with biosynthesis of secondary metabolites mainly phenypropanoid pathway, followed by ribosome and plant hormone signal transduction. From the identified functional genes, 230 genes scaffolds encoded for transcription factors belonging to 25 families with highest recorded for MYB gene family. Study of annotated transposable elements unveiled the existence of long terminal repeats and retrotransposons. Additionally, our investigation involves the comparative analysis and identification of orthologous genes among the genomes of wild and cultivated species of Punica granatum and also across selected five plant species Eucalyptus grandis, Vitis vinifera, Jatropha curcas, Theobroma cacao and Gossypium raimondii, revealing the functional and evolutionary dynamics across species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the genome assembly, annotation and gene prediction in wild pomegranate. Also, information regarding the terpenoid pathway genes has been unravelled for the first time in the present study. Inclusively, the current study offers thorough details on important aspects of the wild pomegranate genome that would be useful in comprehending its genetics and will facilitate discovery of genes against various biotic and abiotic stresses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of resistance genes to powdery mildew based on DNA re-sequencing and bulk segregant analysis in Capsicum.","authors":"Tao Zhang, Paul W Bosland, Yan Ma, Yuhang Wang, Wei Li, Weifu Kong, Min Wei, Panpan Duan, Gaoyuan Zhang, Bingqiang Wei","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02013-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-024-02013-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Powdery mildew caused by Leveillula taurica adversely affects the development and growth of pepper plants. However, there have been few reports on the fine mapping and quantitative trait locus (QTLs) gene cloning of resistance genes to powdery mildew in pepper. Herein, an F₂ segregating population was constructed using the high resistance material \"NuMex Suave Red\" and the extremely susceptible material \"c89\" for bulked segregant analysis and DNA re-sequencing (BSA-seq). Molecular markers were used to achieve fine mapping, followed by expression verification. A major QTL located on chromosome 5 (Chr5, 7.20-11.75 Mb) that is associated with resistance to powdery mildew in pepper was mapped using BSA-seq. A narrow interval of 64.86 kb encompassing five genes was refined using InDel and KSAP molecular markers developed from the QTL region. Among them, the expression of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 gene, Capana05g000392, was significantly upregulated in multiple resistant materials. In addition, there was a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of A/G in the 241st position of the CDS sequence of Capana05g000392, which in turn leads to an amino acid polymorphism of M/V between susceptible parent and resistant parent. Overall, these results indicate that the Capana05g000392 gene may serve as a robust potential factor against powdery mildew in pepper. These findings further elucidate the genetic mechanism of resistance to powdery mildew in pepper and facilitate molecular marker-assisted breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}