Protoplasma最新文献

Ultrastructural study of microspore and male gametophyte development in Senecio cannabifolius Less.

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-025-02051-3

Fangdi Li, Xinyu Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Lulu Ma, Zhonghui Yue, Wei Li

{"title":"Ultrastructural study of microspore and male gametophyte development in Senecio cannabifolius Less.","authors":"Fangdi Li, Xinyu Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Lulu Ma, Zhonghui Yue, Wei Li","doi":"10.1007/s00709-025-02051-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02051-3","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Senecio, which is a basal angiosperm group, holds significant importance for evolutionary and phylogenetic research. It is notable for possessing male meiotic characteristics that are rarely observed in most angiosperms. However, the current understanding about male meiosis in Senecio remains incomplete. Here, we traced the cell morphological characteristics of microsporogenesis, and male gametophyte development of Senecio cannabifolius was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the microspore mother cells were surrounded by callose; the cytokinesis was simultaneous; the tetrad was tetrahedral; and the mature pollen was two-celled pollen with three germination pores. During the meiosis of microspore mother cells, there were abundant organelles in the cytoplasm at leptotene stage. Obvious and clear synaptonemal complex was found in pachytene stage. In the prophase I stage, the number of organelles in the cytoplasm decreased; the cristae of mitochondria decreased; and the electron density of plastids was low. It began to recover at the metaphase I and formed an obvious organelle band in the anaphase I, which separated the two daughter nuclei and contained abundant organelles. During this period, the organelles in the cytoplasm changed regularly, which was the phenomenon of cytoplasmic reorganization. The pollen wall was formed at the late uninucleate stage; the pollen wall was mature at the binucleate microspore stage; and the pollen has abortion phenomenon. These results for the first time revealed the ultrastructure of microspores and male gametophytes during the development of S. cannabifolius and enriched the understanding of the formation of pollen grains by microspores in Compositae plants.","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunoreactivity of flexible and inflexible scales in different lizards indicates that the mature beta-layer contains different corneous proteins. 不同蜥蜴柔性鳞片和非柔性鳞片的免疫反应表明，成熟的β层含有不同的角蛋白。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-025-02048-y

Lorenzo Alibardi

{"title":"Immunoreactivity of flexible and inflexible scales in different lizards indicates that the mature beta-layer contains different corneous proteins.","authors":"Lorenzo Alibardi","doi":"10.1007/s00709-025-02048-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02048-y","url":null,"abstract":"We have analyzed by immunohistochemical methods the Oberhautchen-beta layer, here abbreviated as beta-layer, of lizards with hard scales and lizards with softer scales. Different antibodies for detecting Corneous Beta Proteins (CBPs) have been utilized. The agamid beta-corneous layer is generally 3-4 times thicker than in geckos, and the surface microornamentation forms a honeycomb pattern. Geckos feature thinner beta-layers and a spinulated pattern and show immunolocalization for CBPs and isopeptide bonds, a product of transglutaminase catalysis, in their thin beta-layer. CBPs and isopeptide-bonds are detected in the superficial Oberhautchen and alpha-layer of agamids while the beta-layer is immuno-negative. Considering the limitations of immunolabeling methods, the unexpected result might derive from inaccessibility of antibodies to epitopes that are masked within the packed corneous material of the agamid beta-layer. However, bioinformatics analysis for CBPs sequenced in the few species of agamids so far known indicates that these proteins have low identity with those of other lizards. This suggests that agamids possess peculiar CBPs but low isopeptide bonds in their inflexible beta-layer. In contrast, the thinner and pliable beta-corneous layers of geckos may derive from the presence of isopeptide bonds mixed with lower amounts of CBPs. The differences in material properties of lizard scales, inflexibility versus pliability, are adaptive for the different ecological conditions of the species here analyzed.","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring cadmium uptake pathways in the roots of Coptis chinensis Franch.

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-025-02050-4

Yuting Niu, Shuang He, Lu Xing, Dongdong Zhang, Yuze Li, Chong Deng, Yi Jiang, Huawei Zhang, Xiaomei Song, Meihai Ding, Wenli Huang, Wei Wang

引用次数: 0

Seaweed-based PPO inhibitors as a new frontier in biological weed control for sorghum cultivation: from ocean to field. 以海藻为基础的 PPO 抑制剂是高粱种植中生物除草的新领域：从海洋到田野。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-025-02049-x

Renuka Suresh, Ramanathan Karuppasamy

{"title":"Seaweed-based PPO inhibitors as a new frontier in biological weed control for sorghum cultivation: from ocean to field.","authors":"Renuka Suresh, Ramanathan Karuppasamy","doi":"10.1007/s00709-025-02049-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02049-x","url":null,"abstract":"Weed management, particularly of broad-leaf species, poses a significant challenge in sorghum production, potentially causing up to 70.9% yield loss. Conventionally, herbicides are the site-specific weed inhibitors often used to suppress the growth of these weeds. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) is an important target for developing novel herbicides with remarkable selectivity against these broad-leaved weeds. In particular, saflufenacil is a selective PPO herbicide that can provide temporary relief. However, their prolonged use could lead to various environmental constraints and the evolution of resistant weeds. Recently, bioherbicides are emerging as an alternative to commercial herbicides with safer environmental profiles and combat resistance. On that note, this study aimed to identify novel and safer bioherbicides derived from seaweeds to outright bans on the use of most synthetic herbicides and address herbicide resistance. High-end computational screening strategies including molecular docking, binding free energy, in-house developed ML-based VS, and herbicide-likeness were used to pinpoint the lead molecule against the wild and mutant (∆G210) type AtPPO. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were employed to validate the binding kinetics of the hit compound. Indeed, the bromophenol derivative BL003, isolated from brown algae, emerged as the hit compound from our analysis. Remarkably, BL003 demonstrated superior binding affinity and stability compared to saflufenacil against both wild-type AtPPO and the mutant AtPPOΔG210. Thus, our findings could open new avenues for developing sustainable, seaweed-derived herbicides for sorghum cultivation. This research could contribute to the ongoing efforts to create environmentally friendly weed management solutions in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling two types of reproductive nectaries in Pseudobombax argentinum (Malvaceae-Bombacoideae). 揭示 Pseudobombax argentinum（锦葵科）的两种生殖蜜腺。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-025-02044-2

Lucía M Zini, Elsa C Lattar

{"title":"Unveiling two types of reproductive nectaries in Pseudobombax argentinum (Malvaceae-Bombacoideae).","authors":"Lucía M Zini, Elsa C Lattar","doi":"10.1007/s00709-025-02044-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02044-2","url":null,"abstract":"Nectaries in Malvaceae are in general trichomatous glandular structures usually aggregated in cushions. However, little is known on the diversity of nectaries in the Bombacoideae subfamily. Pseudobombax argentinum presents two contrasting types of nectaries in the flower that were investigated for the first time using light, confocal laser and scanning electron microscopy, and field observations. Sepal nectaries are elevated glands on the abaxial side of the calyx tube. The exuded nectar was exclusively consumed by ants in the period between the flower bud development and the anthesis. The nectaries consist of secretory epidermis, nectary, and subnectary parenchyma. The two latter tissues are vascularized by phloem and xylem. Nectar release could occur both through the rupture of the cuticle or through the papillae. Histochemical tests indicated that secretions on the epidermis presented polysaccharides, pectins, and proteins. The second type of nectary corresponds to secreting areas on the external side of the staminal tube, which were active when the flower opening was initiated in the early evening and for 2 days. Bees and hummingbirds searched for this nectar in daylight hours. These nectaries are non-structural, with nectarostomata probably involved in the nectar release. Our findings suggest that the primary function of sepal nectaries is to attract and feed ants, while staminal nectaries play a role in rewarding pollinators. Both nectaries are non-trichomatous. The evaluation of variations in nectaries may be useful to determine evolutionary changes of this trait and its systematic importance. Thus, a comparison of nectary types across the Malvaceae groups is presented.","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Don't jump the gun quite yet: aiming for the true target in plant neurobiology research. 先别急：瞄准植物神经生物学研究的真正目标。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01993-4

Paco Calvo, Vicente Raja, Miguel Segundo-Ortin

引用次数: 0

Anti-microtubular activity of total alkaloids and aqueous extract of Detarium microcarpum a medicinal plant harvested in Mali. 马里药用植物 Detarium microcarpum 总生物碱和水提取物的抗微管活性。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-02003-3

Niaboula Dembele, Aimé Ainin Somboro, Nah Traore, Mamadou Badiaga, Salimatou Cisse, Mody Cisse, Peter Nick

{"title":"Anti-microtubular activity of total alkaloids and aqueous extract of Detarium microcarpum a medicinal plant harvested in Mali.","authors":"Niaboula Dembele, Aimé Ainin Somboro, Nah Traore, Mamadou Badiaga, Salimatou Cisse, Mody Cisse, Peter Nick","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02003-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-02003-3","url":null,"abstract":"Detarium microcarpum, is a species confined to drier regions of west and central Africa used to treat various diseases including cancer. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of secondary metabolites (alkaloids) The aim of this work is to study the effect of total aqueous extracts and alkaloid fractions from D. microcarpum leaves, bark and roots on Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. 'Bright Yellow 2' (BY-2) tobacco cell line GFP-TuA3 expressing a N-terminal fusion of GFP. The plant was harvested in two different regions of Mali with a contrasting climate. The effects of the extracts on the microtubules was followed by spinning disc confocal microscopy. We showed that the anti-microtubular effect of the extracts is dose-dependent, depends of the sampling site and the part of the plant used. Total alkaloids extracted of D. microcarpum bark have more effect on microtubules than leaf and root. The bioactivity-guided fractionation should be used to screen out the biologically active compounds of the total alkaloid extracts of the bark of D. microcarpum.","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"415-430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronological events unfolding the vegetative and floral phenology of apical bud in Crocus sativus. 鳄梨顶芽无性繁殖和开花物候的时序事件。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01995-2

Anjali Chaudhary, Ruchika Thakur, Tina Roy, Kanchan Yadav, Swati Verma, Kunal Singh

{"title":"Chronological events unfolding the vegetative and floral phenology of apical bud in Crocus sativus.","authors":"Anjali Chaudhary, Ruchika Thakur, Tina Roy, Kanchan Yadav, Swati Verma, Kunal Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01995-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01995-2","url":null,"abstract":"Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is an infertile perennial geophyte considered the most expensive spice in the world. Seasonal fluctuations and climate change have significant impact on the growth, development, and yield of saffron stigma, which is the economically valued part of plant. The stigma being part of the flower, the knowledge of phenotypic transition from dormant apical bud up to flowering is vital, yet, not explored properly. The complexity of flowering in C. sativus further accentuates by the lack of clear demarcation between flowering and non-flowering corms in terms of weight and sizes, as small corms are known to be vegetative only, while large ones produce flower. Therefore, chronological phenotyping on a weekly and quarterly basis of apical shoot and flowering primordia between June and October was carried out to understand the organogenesis sequentially. In large corms, the stamen was the first floral organ to initiate followed by the formation of tepal from the base of the stamen. The plants exhibited both synanthous and hysteranthous flowering. Untargeted metabolome analysis of dormant apical bud just before dormancy break from flowering buds from large corms as well as non-flowering buds from small corms identified the presence of many differentially accumulated metabolites including sphingosine and meglutol. Key metabolites such as phytosphingosine, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaric acid, 3-acetamidopropanal, 6-hydroxykynurenic acid, D-serine, and 1-D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate were also detected having associated with isoprenoid biosynthesis, lignin pathway regulation, and carbohydrate metabolism that participates in flowering. The integration of morphological, histological, and metabolomic data offers a comprehensive view of the flowering process that can be utilised in future biotechnological interventions in C. sativus.","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"313-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting the role of β-GAL genes in bean under abiotic stress and genome-wide characterization of β-GAL gene family members. 预测β-GAL基因在非生物胁迫下对蚕豆的作用及β-GAL基因家族成员的全基因组特征。

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01998-z

Azize Buttanri, Ayşe Gül Kasapoğlu, Burak Muhammed Öner, Ahmed Sidar Aygören, Selman Muslu, Emre İlhan, Ertan Yildirim, Murat Aydin

{"title":"Predicting the role of β-GAL genes in bean under abiotic stress and genome-wide characterization of β-GAL gene family members.","authors":"Azize Buttanri, Ayşe Gül Kasapoğlu, Burak Muhammed Öner, Ahmed Sidar Aygören, Selman Muslu, Emre İlhan, Ertan Yildirim, Murat Aydin","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01998-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01998-z","url":null,"abstract":"Β-Gals are a subgroup of the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family of enzymes, which possess the Glyco_hydro_35 (GH35) domain. Although studies have been conducted on the β-Gal gene family in numerous plant species, no such research has been conducted on beans. The purpose of this study was to determine the gene expression levels of β-Gal genes in the leaf tissue of P. vulgaris under salt and drought stress using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and to perform a comprehensive analysis of β-Gal gene family members using bioinformatics tools. In the bean genome, 25 Pvul-βGAL proteins with amino acid numbers ranging from 291 to 1119, molecular weights from 32.94 to 126.56 kDa, and isoelectric points from 5.46 to 9.08 were identified. Both segmental and tandem duplication have occurred in β-Gal genes in the bean genome, and Pvul-BGAL genes have been subject to negative selection in the evolutionary process. For a deeper comprehension of the evolutionary proximity of Pvul-BGAL genes, a phylogenetic tree and synteny map were drawn together with Arabidopsis thaliana and Glycine max β-Gal genes. The expression profiles of β-Gal genes in different tissues of the bean were determined in silico. In addition, the expression profiles of β-Gal genes in the leaves of bean plants subjected to drought and salt stress were analyzed, and the role of β-Gal genes in salt and drought stress was estimated. In this study, the role of β-Gal gene family in abiotic stress response and the characterization of β-Gal genes in beans were determined for the first time and will provide a basis for future functional genomics studies.","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"365-383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trunk muscle differentiation-a lesson from the Chinese fire-bellied newt (Hypselotriton orientalis).

IF 2.5 3区生物学

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-025-02047-z

Magda Dubińska-Magiera, Marta Julianna Brania, Krzysztof Kolenda, Katarzyna Haczkiewicz-Leśniak, Małgorzata Daczewska, Marta Migocka-Patrzałek

引用次数: 0