Protoplasma最新文献

{"title":"Seaweed-based PPO inhibitors as a new frontier in biological weed control for sorghum cultivation: from ocean to field.","authors":"Renuka Suresh, Ramanathan Karuppasamy","doi":"10.1007/s00709-025-02049-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02049-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Weed management, particularly of broad-leaf species, poses a significant challenge in sorghum production, potentially causing up to 70.9% yield loss. Conventionally, herbicides are the site-specific weed inhibitors often used to suppress the growth of these weeds. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) is an important target for developing novel herbicides with remarkable selectivity against these broad-leaved weeds. In particular, saflufenacil is a selective PPO herbicide that can provide temporary relief. However, their prolonged use could lead to various environmental constraints and the evolution of resistant weeds. Recently, bioherbicides are emerging as an alternative to commercial herbicides with safer environmental profiles and combat resistance. On that note, this study aimed to identify novel and safer bioherbicides derived from seaweeds to outright bans on the use of most synthetic herbicides and address herbicide resistance. High-end computational screening strategies including molecular docking, binding free energy, in-house developed ML-based VS, and herbicide-likeness were used to pinpoint the lead molecule against the wild and mutant (∆G210) type AtPPO. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were employed to validate the binding kinetics of the hit compound. Indeed, the bromophenol derivative BL003, isolated from brown algae, emerged as the hit compound from our analysis. Remarkably, BL003 demonstrated superior binding affinity and stability compared to saflufenacil against both wild-type AtPPO and the mutant AtPPO^ΔG210. Thus, our findings could open new avenues for developing sustainable, seaweed-derived herbicides for sorghum cultivation. This research could contribute to the ongoing efforts to create environmentally friendly weed management solutions in agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling two types of reproductive nectaries in Pseudobombax argentinum (Malvaceae-Bombacoideae).","authors":"Lucía M Zini, Elsa C Lattar","doi":"10.1007/s00709-025-02044-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02044-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nectaries in Malvaceae are in general trichomatous glandular structures usually aggregated in cushions. However, little is known on the diversity of nectaries in the Bombacoideae subfamily. Pseudobombax argentinum presents two contrasting types of nectaries in the flower that were investigated for the first time using light, confocal laser and scanning electron microscopy, and field observations. Sepal nectaries are elevated glands on the abaxial side of the calyx tube. The exuded nectar was exclusively consumed by ants in the period between the flower bud development and the anthesis. The nectaries consist of secretory epidermis, nectary, and subnectary parenchyma. The two latter tissues are vascularized by phloem and xylem. Nectar release could occur both through the rupture of the cuticle or through the papillae. Histochemical tests indicated that secretions on the epidermis presented polysaccharides, pectins, and proteins. The second type of nectary corresponds to secreting areas on the external side of the staminal tube, which were active when the flower opening was initiated in the early evening and for 2 days. Bees and hummingbirds searched for this nectar in daylight hours. These nectaries are non-structural, with nectarostomata probably involved in the nectar release. Our findings suggest that the primary function of sepal nectaries is to attract and feed ants, while staminal nectaries play a role in rewarding pollinators. Both nectaries are non-trichomatous. The evaluation of variations in nectaries may be useful to determine evolutionary changes of this trait and its systematic importance. Thus, a comparison of nectary types across the Malvaceae groups is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Don't jump the gun quite yet: aiming for the true target in plant neurobiology research.","authors":"Paco Calvo, Vicente Raja, Miguel Segundo-Ortin","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01993-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01993-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In their recent paper, Kingsland and Taiz argue that proponents of plant intelligence and plant neurobiology misuse historical sources to support their claims, suggesting a pattern of bias. They critique the reliance on subjective judgments and the systematic misuse of past literature by notable scientists. This response addresses their criticisms while adhering to Rapoport's rules to foster constructive academic dialogue. We emphasize the importance of evidence-based research and highlight areas of agreement, including the fallacy of appealing to authority and the necessity for more robust empirical evidence. However, we also challenge their selective citation practices and argue that their narrative itself is subject to the same criticisms they levy. By examining recent works and pointing out overlooked rebuttals, we aim to clarify misconceptions and advocate for a more nuanced understanding of plant intelligence research. This dialogue underscores the need for rigorous, respectful scientific discourse to advance the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-microtubular activity of total alkaloids and aqueous extract of Detarium microcarpum a medicinal plant harvested in Mali.","authors":"Niaboula Dembele, Aimé Ainin Somboro, Nah Traore, Mamadou Badiaga, Salimatou Cisse, Mody Cisse, Peter Nick","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02003-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-02003-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Detarium microcarpum, is a species confined to drier regions of west and central Africa used to treat various diseases including cancer. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of secondary metabolites (alkaloids) The aim of this work is to study the effect of total aqueous extracts and alkaloid fractions from D. microcarpum leaves, bark and roots on Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. 'Bright Yellow 2' (BY-2) tobacco cell line GFP-TuA3 expressing a N-terminal fusion of GFP. The plant was harvested in two different regions of Mali with a contrasting climate. The effects of the extracts on the microtubules was followed by spinning disc confocal microscopy. We showed that the anti-microtubular effect of the extracts is dose-dependent, depends of the sampling site and the part of the plant used. Total alkaloids extracted of D. microcarpum bark have more effect on microtubules than leaf and root. The bioactivity-guided fractionation should be used to screen out the biologically active compounds of the total alkaloid extracts of the bark of D. microcarpum.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"415-430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronological events unfolding the vegetative and floral phenology of apical bud in Crocus sativus.","authors":"Anjali Chaudhary, Ruchika Thakur, Tina Roy, Kanchan Yadav, Swati Verma, Kunal Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01995-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01995-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is an infertile perennial geophyte considered the most expensive spice in the world. Seasonal fluctuations and climate change have significant impact on the growth, development, and yield of saffron stigma, which is the economically valued part of plant. The stigma being part of the flower, the knowledge of phenotypic transition from dormant apical bud up to flowering is vital, yet, not explored properly. The complexity of flowering in C. sativus further accentuates by the lack of clear demarcation between flowering and non-flowering corms in terms of weight and sizes, as small corms are known to be vegetative only, while large ones produce flower. Therefore, chronological phenotyping on a weekly and quarterly basis of apical shoot and flowering primordia between June and October was carried out to understand the organogenesis sequentially. In large corms, the stamen was the first floral organ to initiate followed by the formation of tepal from the base of the stamen. The plants exhibited both synanthous and hysteranthous flowering. Untargeted metabolome analysis of dormant apical bud just before dormancy break from flowering buds from large corms as well as non-flowering buds from small corms identified the presence of many differentially accumulated metabolites including sphingosine and meglutol. Key metabolites such as phytosphingosine, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaric acid, 3-acetamidopropanal, 6-hydroxykynurenic acid, D-serine, and 1-D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate were also detected having associated with isoprenoid biosynthesis, lignin pathway regulation, and carbohydrate metabolism that participates in flowering. The integration of morphological, histological, and metabolomic data offers a comprehensive view of the flowering process that can be utilised in future biotechnological interventions in C. sativus.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"313-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trunk muscle differentiation-a lesson from the Chinese fire-bellied newt (Hypselotriton orientalis).","authors":"Magda Dubińska-Magiera, Marta Julianna Brania, Krzysztof Kolenda, Katarzyna Haczkiewicz-Leśniak, Małgorzata Daczewska, Marta Migocka-Patrzałek","doi":"10.1007/s00709-025-02047-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02047-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extant amphibians are divided into three distinct lineages: Gymnophiona, Urodela, and Anura. Owing to their diversity, they are widely used in research concerning, among others, tissue regeneration. Here, we describe larval myotomal myogenesis in the Chinese fire-bellied newt, Hypselotriton orientalis. Morphological, ultrastructural, cytochemical, and immunohistochemical analyses showed that trunk muscles grow through hypertrophy and hyperplasia mediated by the expression of typical myogenic factors, such as Pax7, from muscle progenitor cells. Our findings also suggest a third alternative mechanism for muscle growth involving the muscle splitting or fragmentation of preexisting larval myotubes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the role of β-GAL genes in bean under abiotic stress and genome-wide characterization of β-GAL gene family members.","authors":"Azize Buttanri, Ayşe Gül Kasapoğlu, Burak Muhammed Öner, Ahmed Sidar Aygören, Selman Muslu, Emre İlhan, Ertan Yildirim, Murat Aydin","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01998-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01998-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Β-Gals are a subgroup of the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family of enzymes, which possess the Glyco_hydro_35 (GH35) domain. Although studies have been conducted on the β-Gal gene family in numerous plant species, no such research has been conducted on beans. The purpose of this study was to determine the gene expression levels of β-Gal genes in the leaf tissue of P. vulgaris under salt and drought stress using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and to perform a comprehensive analysis of β-Gal gene family members using bioinformatics tools. In the bean genome, 25 Pvul-βGAL proteins with amino acid numbers ranging from 291 to 1119, molecular weights from 32.94 to 126.56 kDa, and isoelectric points from 5.46 to 9.08 were identified. Both segmental and tandem duplication have occurred in β-Gal genes in the bean genome, and Pvul-BGAL genes have been subject to negative selection in the evolutionary process. For a deeper comprehension of the evolutionary proximity of Pvul-BGAL genes, a phylogenetic tree and synteny map were drawn together with Arabidopsis thaliana and Glycine max β-Gal genes. The expression profiles of β-Gal genes in different tissues of the bean were determined in silico. In addition, the expression profiles of β-Gal genes in the leaves of bean plants subjected to drought and salt stress were analyzed, and the role of β-Gal genes in salt and drought stress was estimated. In this study, the role of β-Gal gene family in abiotic stress response and the characterization of β-Gal genes in beans were determined for the first time and will provide a basis for future functional genomics studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"365-383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant intelligence dux: a comprehensive rebuttal of Kingsland and Taiz.","authors":"Anthony Trewavas","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-02005-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-02005-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intelligence is a fundamental property for all life enabling an increased probability of survival and reproduction under wild circumstances. Kingsland and Taiz (2024) think that plants are not intelligent but seem unaware of the extensive literature about intelligence, memory, learning and chromatin topology in plants. Their views are consequently rejected. Their claim of fake quotations is shown to result from faulty reasoning and lack of understanding of practical biology. Their use of social media as scholarly evidence is unacceptable. Darwin's views on intelligence are described, and their pertinence to the adaptive responses of plants is discussed. Justifications for comments I have made concerning McClintock and her \"thoughtful\" cell, von Sachs writings as indicating purpose (teleonomy) to plant behaviour, Went and Thimann's allusions to plant intelligence and Bose legacy as the father of plant electrophysiology are described. These scientists were usually first in their field of knowledge, and their understanding was consequently deeper. The article finishes with a brief critical analysis of the 36 scientists who were used to condemn plant neurobiology as of no use. It is concluded that participants signed up to a false prospectus because contrary evidence was omitted.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"255-266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucotoxicity suppresses function of pancreatic beta and duct cells via miR-335-targeted Runx2 and insulin-mediated mechanism.","authors":"Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu, Serap Sancar, Ayse Karatug-Kacar, Sehnaz Bolkent","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01997-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01997-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cell dynamics have important contributions to the development of type 2 diabetes and related diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of prolonged excessive glucose exposure on the functions of pancreatic beta cells and duct cells in single and co-culture conditions. In this study, we focused on the effects of glucotoxicity on insulin secretion which is the main function of beta cells and on progenitor functions of duct cells. Rat primary INS1 beta cells and ARIP duct cells were exposed to glucose (25 mM) for 72 h under single or indirect co-culture conditions. Glucotoxicity stimuli increased insulin secretion and decreased insulin expression in single beta cells while stimulating beta-cell differentiation and adipogenesis in single duct cells. On the other hand, glucotoxicity caused functional loss and increased proliferation and apoptosis in beta cells while increasing proliferation but suppressed beta-cell differentiation and adipogenesis in duct cells under co-culture conditions. The expression level of miR-335, a microRNA known to be upregulated by leptin and target Runx2, was measured. As a result, unlike single-cell culture, glucotoxicity upregulated miR-335, downregulated Runx2, and decreased insulin signaling in beta cells while downregulating miR-335 and upregulating Runx2, and decreased insulin signaling in duct cells under co-culture conditions. When the results of single and co-culture experiments are compared, insulin and miR-335 may be seen as important mediators for setting up the relation between beta and duct cells. Our findings are important for preventing the development of type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease, even developing new diagnosis and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"341-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the phytochemical profile, biological potentials, morphological, and anatomical characteristics of Cyclotrichium origanifolium (Labill.) Manden. & Scheng. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey.","authors":"Bilge Aydın, Satuk Buğra Alkuyruk, Enes Tekman, Hafize Yuca, Mehmet Karadayı, Yusuf Gülşahin, Ömer Çeçen, Gülnur Ekşi Bona, Betül Demirci, Mehmet Bona, Songül Karakaya","doi":"10.1007/s00709-024-01992-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00709-024-01992-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyclotrichium origanifolium, a plant widely used in Eastern and Southern Anatolia for culinary purposes, was subject of this study, which aimed to comprehensively evaluate its potential therapeutic applications. This research stands out due to its holistic approach, combining morpho-anatomical studies, chemical, and biological analyses to explore antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, genotoxic, and anti-genotoxic effects of methanolic and aqueous extracts, as well as flowering aerial part essential oil. It is a perennial plant, typically ranging from 10 to 40 cm in height, with a suffrutescent and highly branched growth habit. Essential oils are produced within glandular trichomes. Oil, analyzed via GC-MS/MS, revealed 24 compounds accounting for 96.4% of oil, with isomenthone (52.4%), pulegone (23.4%), and β-pinene (9.5%) as predominant components. These findings are significant as they provide new insights into chemical composition of oils, particularly highlighting pharmacologically active compounds. Methanol extract exhibited superior antioxidant activity, correlated with high phenol and tannin content. Essential oil showed moderate inhibition of α-amylase (49.54%) and mild inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (11.84%) and butyrylcholinesterase (16.93%), suggesting potential in managing oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Study also conducted biosafety evaluations using Ames/Salmonella and Allium tests, essential for assessing genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of natural products. Notably, significant antimicrobial effects were identified, particularly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis. Comprehensive analysis and discovery of significant bioactivities position this research as a valuable contribution to field, distinguishing it from previous studies on similar species. This study provides a foundational understanding of morpho-anatomical, pharmacological, biological properties of plant, opening avenues for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20731,"journal":{"name":"Protoplasma","volume":" ","pages":"279-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}