Rachael F Canavan, Jessica Hayton, Marc S Tibber, Tessa M Dekker, Lottie A G Wood, Michael D Crossland
{"title":"Well-being, mental health and sleep in children and young people with vision impairment: A narrative review.","authors":"Rachael F Canavan, Jessica Hayton, Marc S Tibber, Tessa M Dekker, Lottie A G Wood, Michael D Crossland","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple studies have shown that vision impairment impacts adults' well-being, mental health, and sleep. However, little attention has been given to these areas in children and young people with vision impairment. This narrative review explores the relationship between vision impairment, well-being, mental ill-health, and sleep in children and young people with vision impairment. Studies examined include children and young people with all levels of vision impairment and those with congenital or acquired vision loss. The evidence suggests that vision impairment affects children's and young people's well-being and mental health with particular links to anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Theoretical mechanisms include low self-esteem affecting mental health and well-being, and loneliness reducing well-being. The efficacy of social and psychological interventions on the mental health of children and young people with vision impairment were reviewed. Psychological therapies, sports, exercise, music, art, and relaxation have all been found to have positive impacts. Gaps in existing knowledge are highlighted, and suggestions are made for future research in this important and under-researched area.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"292 ","pages":"231-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular mechanism underlying stress response and adaptation.","authors":"Joshua Ayodele Yusuf, Stephen Tunmise Akanbi, Darasimi Racheal Olorunlowu, Elizabeth Kehinde Opoola, Eniola Elizabeth Ogunlade, Emmanuel Adebayo Kayode, Emmanuel Oluwagbenga Adejobi, Yasar Olalekan Sulaiman, Dorcas Ifeoluwa Odemakinde, Esther Opeyemi Aworeni, Nurat Ize Abdulmalik, Dolapo Priscilla Oluyemi, Ayomide Esther Isaac, Oluwaferanmi Israel Aromose, Oyindamola Munirat Adewale, Victor Ogunrinde, Tijesunimi Ayomide Adeleke, Olufunto Omodele Adeleye","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stress, a common life experience, impacts both mental and physical health, contributing to conditions such as anxiety and cardiovascular disease. It triggers physiological and psychological responses, primarily through the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) and Sympathetic-Adrenal-Medullary (SAM) axes, which are coordinated by the autonomic nervous system. Dysregulation of the glucocorticoid system, mediated by mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors, plays a critical role in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease. Cellular pathways like PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and AP-1 transcription factors maintain homeostasis during stress and are targets for therapeutic research. Epigenetic influences and genomic modifications highlight the long-lasting effects of stress on gene expression. Adaptive responses, such as allostasis, allow the body to maintain stability amid stress. However, excessive stress leads to allostatic load, negatively impacting the immune, endocrine, and nervous systems. Current treatments include pharmacological and lifestyle interventions, with emerging approaches such as psychobiotics and precision medicine offering future potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"291 ","pages":"81-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toheeb O Oyerinde, Victor E Anadu, Tobiloba S Olajide, Olayemi K Ijomone, Oritoke M Okeowo, Omamuyovwi M Ijomone
{"title":"Stress-induced neurodegeneration and behavioral alterations in Caenorhabditis elegans: Insights into the evolutionary conservation of stress-related pathways and implications for human health.","authors":"Toheeb O Oyerinde, Victor E Anadu, Tobiloba S Olajide, Olayemi K Ijomone, Oritoke M Okeowo, Omamuyovwi M Ijomone","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stress is a significant determinant for a range of neurological and psychiatric illnesses, and comprehending its influence on the brain is vital for developing effective interventions. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), a tiny nematode, has become a potent model system for investigating the impact of stress on neuronal integrity, behavior, and lifespan. This chapter presents a comprehensive summary of the existing understanding of stress-induced neurodegeneration, behavioral abnormalities, and changes in lifespan in C. elegans. We explored the stress response pathways in C. elegans, specifically focusing on the heat shock response and insulin-like signaling (ILS) pathway, targeting how these pathways affect neural integrity and functions. Additionally, this chapter highlighted behavioral modifications such as changes in locomotion, feeding, pharyngeal pumping, defecation, and copulation behaviors that occur in C. elegans following exposure to stressors, and how these findings contribute to our comprehension of stress-related illnesses. Furthermore, the evolutionary preservation of stress responses in both C. elegans and humans, underscoring the significance of C. elegans studies for translational research were highlighted. In conclusion, the possible implications of C. elegans research on human well-being, with a specific emphasis on the discovery of targets for treatment and the creation of innovative approaches to address stress-related conditions are discussed in this chapter.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"291 ","pages":"405-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abraham Olufemi Asuku, Gbonjubola Oyinlola Ogungbangbe, Tobiloba Samuel Olajide
{"title":"Effect of happiness and positive emotions on dementia.","authors":"Abraham Olufemi Asuku, Gbonjubola Oyinlola Ogungbangbe, Tobiloba Samuel Olajide","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia poses a significant challenge to global health. This chapter reviews current literature to investigate the potential protective effects of happiness and positive emotions against dementia. Studies suggest that individuals experiencing higher levels of happiness and frequent positive emotions may exhibit lower risks of developing dementia. Mechanisms proposed include the role of positive emotions in stress reduction, which could mitigate neurodegenerative processes. In addition, recent studies have begun exploring the impact of positive psychological states, such as happiness and positive emotions, on cognitive health. Furthermore, positive psychological states have been linked to healthier lifestyle choices, including physical activity and social engagement, which are known to support cognitive function. Despite promising findings, challenges remain in establishing causal relationships and elucidating specific neurobiological pathways. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies with diverse populations to clarify these relationships and inform effective interventions. Understanding how happiness and positive emotions influence dementia risk could lead to novel preventive strategies and improve quality of life for aging populations worldwide. This chapter summarizes the potential benefits of happiness and positive emotions in mitigating the risk of dementia, highlighting the need for further research to establish causal links and develop targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"293 ","pages":"179-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exercise for brain health: From cells to circuits.","authors":"Carmen Vivar, Lazaro P Orihuela, Grego Apostol","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise has been central to human brain evolution. Genus Homo was a nomadic species that constantly explored novel environments, which requires the encoding of new spatial and contextual patterns and the consolidation and recall of details to localize potential food and avoid danger, functions associated with the hippocampus. Interestingly, no primates other than humans run long distances over extended periods using aerobic metabolism, a capacity described as endurance running (ER). It has been hypothesized that ER capacity may have had relevant effects on the evolution of brain structure and cognition in the genus Homo. Paradoxically, modern humans have become sedentary and no longer need to run for food or survival. The lack of exercise in the population has increased the risk of brain disorders. Studies in human and animal models show that exercise elicits functional and structural changes throughout the brain, which may serve as a mechanism to counteract the changes induced by aging and reduced physical activity. Here, we describe the cortico-hippocampal circuitry and summarize evidence from human and animal models of aging-induced and exercise-induced changes in cortical and subcortical areas that provide polymodal information and modulatory inputs to the hippocampus, respectively. We discuss how exercise-induced plasticity in the cortico-hippocampal circuit may improve brain health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"295 ","pages":"83-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bianca Andrade Rodrigues, Thays Calista Santiago Pretes, Josiane do Nascimento Silva
{"title":"Impacts of aging on brain metabolism.","authors":"Bianca Andrade Rodrigues, Thays Calista Santiago Pretes, Josiane do Nascimento Silva","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Changes in energy homeostasis in aging have significant implications for brain health. Decreased glucose utilization efficiency, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of metabolic flexibility, and increased oxidative stress can compromise cognitive functions and increase vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding these changes provides valuable insights for prevention and treatment strategies, such as dietary interventions, physical exercise, and pharmacological therapies, aimed at restoring or preserving energy homeostasis in the brain and thus improving cognitive health throughout life. This chapter explores the metabolic changes in the brain associated with aging, examining the underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms, as well as therapeutic strategies that may alleviate the detrimental effects of brain aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"295 ","pages":"9-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychedelic-assisted therapies for existential and spiritual suffering in palliative care.","authors":"Ana Cláudia Mesquita Garcia, Lucas Oliveira Maia","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existential and spiritual suffering are frequently reported by individuals facing serious illnesses, particularly at the end of life, and are associated with diminished quality of life, increased psychological distress, and requests for hastened death. While Palliative Care (PC) aims to provide holistic support, existing therapeutic options often fail to adequately address the profound disruptions in meaning, connection, and dignity experienced by patients. Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies (PAT), notably those using psilocybin, have re-emerged as promising interventions capable of eliciting transformative experiences that may alleviate existential and spiritual distress. This chapter explores the potential role of PAT in PC, beginning with a historical and conceptual overview of PC and an analysis of existential and spiritual suffering in this context. It then reviews scientific evidence on the therapeutic applications of classical psychedelics, with a focus on existential and spiritual suffering. Practical, clinical, ethical, and legal considerations for the integration of PAT into PC are discussed, including the challenges of implementation and the need for spiritually and existentially informed treatment models. The chapter concludes by reinforcing the urgency of innovative and compassionate responses to existential suffering and highlighting PAT as an emerging pathway toward improving the quality of life-and death-of individuals with serious illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"296 ","pages":"107-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Handersson Barros, Marcelo Falchi-Carvalho, Lucas O Maia, Sophie Laborde, Fernanda Palhano-Fontes, Isabel Wießner, Tiago Arruda-Sanchez, Draulio B Araujo
{"title":"Expressive resource in a clinical psychedelic study: Art as an integration tool.","authors":"Handersson Barros, Marcelo Falchi-Carvalho, Lucas O Maia, Sophie Laborde, Fernanda Palhano-Fontes, Isabel Wießner, Tiago Arruda-Sanchez, Draulio B Araujo","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychedelic experiences, especially those induced by substances such as N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), are often characterized by high subjective intensity, complex visual content, and notable ineffability-that is, the difficulty of being fully expressed in words. This expressive limitation poses a significant challenge to the integration of the experience, which is essential for the therapeutic processing of these experiences. In this context, clinical studies with psychedelics are increasingly demanding innovative approaches to facilitate the assimilation of such experiences into daily life. Art, as a form of nonverbal expression, has been proposed as a promising tool in this regard. Accordingly, this article discusses the use of the mandala as a complementary expressive resource in the process of psychedelic integration, based on a Phase I clinical trial with DMT. The analysis draws on the mandalas and narratives produced by participants. The findings suggest that the creation of mandalas facilitated the symbolic expression of subjective content that was difficult to verbalize, supporting the integration process. Despite its potential, the use of expressive tools remains underexplored and unsystematized in current psychedelic clinical protocols. We concluded that the inclusion of art may represent a valuable advancement in optimizing the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics, expanding the understanding and meaning of experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"296 ","pages":"131-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-Hassan Soliman Wadan, Muhammad Liaquat Raza, Nasrollah Moradikor
{"title":"Synaptic modulation by coffee compounds: Insights into neural plasticity.","authors":"Al-Hassan Soliman Wadan, Muhammad Liaquat Raza, Nasrollah Moradikor","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The physiological structure and functioning of the brain are determined by activity-dependent processes and affected by \"synapse plasticity.\" Because chemical transmitters target and regulate synapses, exogenous chemical stimulants and transmitters can alter their physiological functions by interacting with synaptic surface receptors or chemical modulators. Caffeine, a commonly used pharmacologic substance, can target and alter synapses. It impact various biological, chemical, and metabolic processes related to synaptic function. This chapter investigates how caffeine affects fluctuations in structure and function in the hippocampus formation and neocortical structure, regions known for their high synaptic plasticity profile. Specifically, caffeine modulates various synaptic receptors and channel activities by mobilizing intracellular calcium, inhibiting phosphodiesterase, and blocking adenosine and GABA cellular receptors. These caffeine-induced pathways and functions allow neurons to generate plastic modulations in synaptic actions such as efficient and morphological transmission. Moreover, at a network level, caffeine can stimulate neural oscillators in the cortex, resulting in repetitive signals that strengthen long-range communication between cortical areas reliant on N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. This suggests that caffeine could facilitate the reorganization of cortical network functions through its effects on synaptic mobilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"289 ","pages":"181-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coffee and sleep: Benefits and risks.","authors":"Yavar Bagheri Davisaraei, Sepide Nateghi, Hamed Rashidipour, Payman Raise-Abdullahi, Ali Rashidy-Pour","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consuming coffee, a widely enjoyed beverage with caffeine, can impact the central nervous system and disturb sleep if taken too close to bedtime. Caffeine impacts sleep by slowing the onset, blocking adenosine receptors, lowering deep sleep levels, disrupting sleep patterns, and lessening rapid eye movement sleep. Although coffee can help with alertness in the morning, it may disturb sleep in the evening, particularly for individuals who are sensitive to caffeine. To enhance the quality of sleep, reduce the consumption of caffeine in the afternoon and evening, refrain from drinking caffeine before going to bed, and choose decaffeinated drinks instead. Variables such as personal reactions, ability to handle caffeine, and engagement with other compounds also influence the impact of coffee on sleep. Keeping track of how much caffeine you consume and your sleeping habits can assist in recognizing any disturbances and making needed changes. Furthermore, taking into account variables such as metabolism, age, and the timing of coffee consumption can assist in lessening the effects of coffee on sleep. In general, paying attention to the amount of caffeine consumed from different sources and consuming it at the right times can assist in preserving healthy sleep patterns even while enjoying coffee.</p>","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"288 ","pages":"81-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}