Progress in brain research最新文献_第10页

Brain evolution and language: A comparative 3D analysis of Wernicke's area in extant and fossil hominids. 脑进化和语言:现存和化石原始人韦尼克区对比三维分析。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.001

Harmony Hill, Marta Mirazón Lahr, Amélie Beaudet

{"title":"Brain evolution and language: A comparative 3D analysis of Wernicke's area in extant and fossil hominids.","authors":"Harmony Hill, Marta Mirazón Lahr, Amélie Beaudet","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"The spoken word does not fossilize. Despite this, scientists have long sought to unearth the origins of language within the human lineage. One of the lines of evidence they have pursued is functional brain areas, such as Broca's and Wernicke's areas, which are associated with speech production and comprehension, respectively. Sulcal layout of Broca's area clearly differs between humans and our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees, enabling its homolog in fossil hominins to be deemed more chimpanzee-like (i.e., closer to the ancestral form) or more human-like (i.e., derived form) with relative ease. Yet, no such differences have been found for Wernicke's area. This study compares sulcal and gyral organization of Wernicke's area across extant human brains (n=4), extant chimpanzee brains (n=5) and fossil hominin endocasts (n=4). Some chimpanzee brains had indications of leftward Wernicke's area asymmetry in the form of a shorter Sylvian fissure and/or caudal superior temporal gyral bulging in the left hemisphere. Overlap between the superior and middle temporal sulci in human but not chimpanzee brains may be due to a relatively larger Wernicke's area in humans. Fragmentation of the main body of the superior temporal sulcus exclusively in human left hemispheres was ascribed to a leftward Wernicke's area asymmetry in this species. Endocast examination found that, while Paranthropus robustus exhibit human-like overlap between the superior and middle temporal sulci, Australopithecus africanus do not, although they do exhibit chimpanzee-like caudal superior temporal gyral bulging. Such findings signal, albeit loosely, a more human-like Wernicke's area in Paranthropus than Australopithecus.","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"275 ","pages":"117-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10792149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. 脑刺激治疗难治性抑郁症。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.03.006

Aluisio Rodrigues, Lisiane Martins, Nivaldo Ribeiro Villela, Laís Razza, Andre R Brunoni

引用次数: 3

Increased relaxation, less boredom, and a faster passage of time during a period of silence in the forest. 在森林里安静的一段时间里，你会更放松，更少无聊，时间过得更快。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.010

Eric Pfeifer, Kerstin Pothmann, Stefan Claaßen, Marc Wittmann

{"title":"Increased relaxation, less boredom, and a faster passage of time during a period of silence in the forest.","authors":"Eric Pfeifer, Kerstin Pothmann, Stefan Claaßen, Marc Wittmann","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is growing evidence of the beneficial effects of exposure to nature on health and well-being. Time spent in nature can decrease stress, anxiety, depression, and improve mood. In the present study, we compared the experience of a short period of silence in the natural environment of a forest with the same amount of silence in a seminar room.Methods: We applied an intra-subject design with two 6:30-min sessions of silence in two different environments (forest, seminar room). The participants (n=41) were assigned to four groups. Two groups started with the indoor condition and two groups with the outdoor condition. After 1 week, the two groups were exposed to the other condition. Participants filled out personality-trait scales on meaning in life and belief in oneness with the world, as well as state scales assessing emotional reactions, relaxation, boredom, and the subjective sense of self, time, and space.Results: Participants felt significantly more relaxed and less bored in the forest compared to indoors. They experienced time less intensely, judging it to pass faster and to last shorter in the forest. Regarding trait variables, the higher the search for meaning, the higher oneness beliefs in participants. The higher oneness beliefs, the more positive participants felt during silence in the forest.Discussion: Interest in nature-assisted therapy is increasing in the healthcare sector. Exposure to silence in the natural setting of a forest could prove to be an effective complement to interventions applied in nature-assisted therapy, such as forest therapy.","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"277 ","pages":"157-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9614636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The cloud of unknowing: Cognitive dedifferentiation in whole-body perceptual deprivation. 未知之云:全身知觉剥夺的认知去分化。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.004

Michele Pellegrino, Joseph Glicksohn, Fabio Marson, Francesco Ferraiuolo, Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan

{"title":"The cloud of unknowing: Cognitive dedifferentiation in whole-body perceptual deprivation.","authors":"Michele Pellegrino, Joseph Glicksohn, Fabio Marson, Francesco Ferraiuolo, Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"An altered sensory environment, especially a homogeneous one like a ganzfeld, can induce a wide range of experiences in people immersed in it. The ganzfeld of our current focus is the OVO Whole-Body Perceptual Deprivation chamber (OVO-WBPD). Previous literature has found this specific immersive environment to be capable of softening and dissolving perception of boundaries across time and sensory modalities, among other domains. Since recent published electrophysiological results demonstrated that immersion in the OVO-WBPD significantly increased delta and beta activity, in the left inferior frontal cortex and in the left insula, we sought to better understand the subjective experiences of participants utilizing this altered sensory environment via semi-qualitative methodology. Consequently, semi-structured interviews of participants were analyzed by three independent evaluators focusing on several domains of experience often reported in perceptual deprivation environments. We found a significantly shared consensus on the presence of experiences belonging to semantic domains of altered experience, demonstrating that the OVO-WBPD chamber consistently elicits positively connotated, bodily-oriented and cognitively dedifferentiated subjective states of consciousness in the majority of 32 examined participants.","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"277 ","pages":"109-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9673069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Moving through silence in dance: A neural perspective. 在舞蹈中穿过沉默：一种神经视角。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.009

Vered Aviv

{"title":"Moving through silence in dance: A neural perspective.","authors":"Vered Aviv","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"The word \"silence\" typically refers to the auditory modality, signifying an absence of sound or noise, being quiet. One may then ask: could we attribute the notion of silence to the domain of dance, e.g., when a movement is absent and the dancer stops moving? Is it at all useful to think in terms of silence when referring to dance? In this chapter, my exploration of these questions is based on recent studies in brain research, which demonstrate the remarkable facility of specific regions in the human brain to perceive visually referred biological and, in particular, human motion, leading to prediction of future movements of the human body. I will argue that merely ceasing motion is an insufficient condition for creating a perception of silence in the mind of a spectator of dance. Rather, the experience of silence in dance is a special situation where the static position of the dancer does not imply motion, and is unlikely to evoke interpretation of the intentions or the emotional expression of the dancer. For this to happen, the position of the dancer, while being still, should be held effortlessly, aimlessly, and with a minimal expression of emotion and intention. Furthermore, I suggest that dynamics, repetitive movement (such as that of Sufi whirling dervishes), can also be perceived as silence in dance because of the high level of predictability and evenness of the movement. These moments of silence in dance, which are so rare in our daily lives, invite us to experience the human body from a new, \"out of the box\" perspective that is the essence of all the arts.","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"280 ","pages":"89-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10650896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into brain evolution through the genotype-phenotype connection. 通过基因型-表现型联系了解大脑进化。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.013

Danalaxshmi Shanen Ganapathee, Philipp Gunz

{"title":"Insights into brain evolution through the genotype-phenotype connection.","authors":"Danalaxshmi Shanen Ganapathee, Philipp Gunz","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"It has recently become possible to start exploring how the genotype translates into human brain morphology and behavior by combining detailed genomic and phenotypic data from thousands of present-day people with archaic genomes of extinct humans, and gene expression data. As a starting point into this emerging interdisciplinary domain, we highlight current debates about which aspects of the modern human brain are unique. We review recent developments from (1) comparative primate neuroscience-a fast-growing field offering an invaluable framework for understanding general mechanisms and the evolution of human-specific traits. (2) paleoanthropology-based on evidence from endocranial imprints in fossil skulls, we trace the evolution from the ape-like brain phenotype of early hominins more than 3 million years ago to the unusual globular brain shape of present-day people. (3) Genomics of present-day and extinct humans. The morphological and genetic differences between modern humans and our closest extinct cousins, the Neandertals, offer important clues about the genetic underpinnings of brain morphology and behavior. The functional consequences of these genetic differences can be tested in animal models, and brain organoids.","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"275 ","pages":"73-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10792146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Overview of treatment-resistant depression. 难治性抑郁症概述。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.03.007

Cheng-Ta Li

{"title":"Overview of treatment-resistant depression.","authors":"Cheng-Ta Li","doi":"10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) often exhibit an inadequate treatment response or failure to achieve remission following treatment with antidepressant drugs. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is proposed to identify this clinical scenario. Compared to those without TRD, patients with TRD have significantly lower health-related quality of life in mental and physical dimensions, more functional impairment and productivity loss, and higher healthcare costs. TRD imposes a massive burden on the individual, family, and society. However, a lack of consensus on the TRD definition limits the comparison and interpretation of TRD treatment efficacy across trials. Furthermore, because of the various TRD definitions, there is scarce treatment guideline specifically for TRD, in contrast to the rich treatment guidelines for MDD. In this chapter, common issues related to TRD, such as proper definitions of an adequate antidepressant trial and TRD, were carefully reviewed. Prevalence of and clinical outcomes related to TRD were summarized. We also summarized the staging models ever proposed for the diagnosis of TRD. Furthermore, we highlighted variations in the definition regarding the lack of or an inadequate response in treatment guidelines for depression. Up-to-date treatment options for TRD, including pharmacological strategies, psychotherapeutic interventions, neurostimulation techniques, glutamatergic compounds, and even experimental agents were reviewed.","PeriodicalId":20598,"journal":{"name":"Progress in brain research","volume":"278 ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9835091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Preface. 前言。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6123(23)00065-1

Cheng-Ta Li

引用次数: 0

Preface: The science of game-based learning in education and health. 前言:基于游戏的教育和健康学习科学。

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6123(23)00041-9

Flavia H Santos

引用次数: 0

Can the Clobber game become a classroom-based tool for screening students' executive functions? 小丑游戏能成为一种基于课堂的工具来筛选学生的执行功能吗？

4区医学

Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.07.001

Telma Pará, Luís Alfredo Vidal de Carvalho, Paulo Mattos, Simone Dantas, Sylvain Gravier, Sue Johnston-Wilder

引用次数: 0