Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Dietary supplementation with selenium yeast mitigates diquat-induced oxidative damage in oviductal magnum of hens.","authors":"Jingyi Yang, Yamei Liu, Wei Hu, Yiting Wang, Renbin Chen, Deming Xu, Lingkang Liu, Lucheng Zheng, Ben Liu, Qingcan Fan, Wenya Zheng, Xue Yang, Liangliang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress has been implicated in growth retardation and impairment in poultry, whereas selenium yeast (SeY), a bioavailable organic selenium source, can exert potent antioxidant effects in the body. The study investigated the protective effects of dietary supplementation with SeY against diquat (DQ)-induced oxidative damage in oviductal magnum of hens. Experimental results showed that dietary supplementation with SeY effectively alleviated DQ-induced histopathological alterations, including mucosal structural damage and reduced epithelial cell proliferation in the oviductal magnum. Specifically, dietary supplementation with SeY inhibited DQ-induced oxidative stress by upregulating Nrf2 and HO-1 expression levels, enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and reducing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, SeY supplementation inhibited DQ-induced mucosal cell apoptosis by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase3), as well as inflammation-related factors (NF-κB and p53). Concurrently, it restored proliferative capacity of mucosal cells by promoting the expression of the proliferation-related protein PCNA. These findings signify that dietary supplementation with SeY effectively safeguards the oviductal magnum against DQ-induced damage through multi-target mechanisms involving oxidative homeostasis, apoptosis inhibition, and cell proliferation promotion. This study provides a solid theoretical foundation for future research aimed at safeguarding the reproduction health of female poultry exposed to agricultural pesticides.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 11","pages":"105882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding poultry immune responses to Salmonella vaccines: Current advances and future directions for next-generation vaccine development.","authors":"Santiago Uribe-Diaz, Jossie M Santamaria, Billy M Hargis, Young-Min Kwon, Christine N Vuong, Gisela F Erf","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global impact of chicken products contaminated with Salmonella threatens public health, requiring novel and more effective Salmonella vaccine formulations and interventions that can assist poultry farming in reducing the entrance of this pathogen into the food system. Even though recent research findings have provided valuable information regarding poultry Salmonella vaccine technologies, there is still a need to develop sufficiently immunogenic self-limiting vaccines that closely mimic the pathogen-host interaction without causing active infection, and to better understand the host-immune responses to their administration. In this review, we compiled the currently available information on poultry Salmonella vaccines and the immune responses they elicit with the goal of promoting the development of novel and more effective vaccine formulations for poultry. We gathered information on non-vaccine strategies to control Salmonella throughout the poultry production chain, the pathogenesis of Salmonella, the host immune mechanisms against the pathogen, commercially available Salmonella vaccines, and the immune responses these vaccines elicit. The information gathered in this review will lay the foundation for further development of novel Salmonella vaccine designs that are successful in activating both cell-mediated and humoral immunity, resulting in protective immunity and decreasing Salmonella loads in poultry. This review highlights the current impact of Salmonella infection in poultry and how Salmonella vaccines are a key strategy to manage this pathogen in the farm environment, thus preventing Salmonella contamination of poultry products and safeguarding the health of consumers. Further research is needed to advance vaccine adjuvant technology, delivery systems, and multivalent protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 11","pages":"105884"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associating maternal keel fracture severities with egg quality, hen reproductive outcome, and chick welfare","authors":"M.O. Logunleko ,&nbsp;S.L. Lambton ,&nbsp;G.J. Richards ,&nbsp;J.L. Edgar","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal conditions are known to affect offspring behavior and performance in laying hens. With evidence suggesting that keel fractures cause pain and may lead to stress and fear in affected hens, this study hypothesized decreased egg quality, reproductive outcomes, offspring chicks’ weight, and increased fear responses in the chicks as keel fracture severity increased.</div><div>120 Bovans brown layer breeders aged 61 weeks, with different keel fracture severities, were co-housed with 12 cocks at 20 hens+2 cocks/room. Eggs laid between weeks 65-70 were collected either for incubation or egg quality assessments. At week 70, 111 hens were euthanized, keel bones were dissected and scored (0:no fracture, <em>n</em> = 21; 1:slight fracture, <em>n</em> = 25; 2:moderate fracture, <em>n</em> = 29; 3:severe fracture, <em>n</em> = 36). Majority of the fractured hens (88 out of 90) presented hard callus without fracture gaps, suggesting healed fracture status. At hatch, 612 chicks were generated. Chicks’ body weight was measured weekly until week 5. All chicks were subjected to tonic immobility (week four) and novel arena tests (week five).</div><div>Dry shell weight was lower for moderate (<em>P</em> = 0.007) and severely (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) fractured hens, while eggshell index was lower in severely fractured hens (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared with those without fractures. Shell thickness decreased as fracture severity increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Overall, egg-breaking force was lower (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) among fractured hens, but there was no difference in breaking force of the three fracture severity groups. Lower hatch rate was recorded in moderate (<em>P</em> = 0.038) and severely (<em>P</em> = 0.003) fractured hens compared with those without fractures. Irrespective of severity, chicks from fractured hens had lower odds (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) of performing escape attempts, higher likelihoods (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) of freezing and sitting inactive.</div><div>In summary, layer breeders with moderate and severe fractures, even after healing, produced eggs with lower shell quality, breaking strength, and hatch rate. At higher prevalence, this may have implications for the managerial practice and economic return of a breeder flock. Maternal keel fracture was associated with altered fear behavioral patterns in chicks, with a shift from active to passive responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 11","pages":"Article 105894"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and validation of a low-cost data-driven poultry heat and moisture production monitoring system.","authors":"Senzhong Deng, Zhi Zhang, Yang Wang, Baoming Li, Weichao Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poultry are the primary source of heat and moisture in confined livestock housing systems. Accurate measurement of poultry heat and moisture production (HMP) is critical for intelligent and sustainable livestock farming, including effective environmental control, energy analysis, and reliable facility simulations. Currently, the indirect calorimetry method is widely applied, but it has estimation uncertainties and high construction costs. Meanwhile, the direct calorimetry method, despite its higher accuracy, is limited by complex equipment design and its sensitivity to environmental variations. This study developed an innovative data-driven poultry HMP monitoring system designed to improve measurement accuracy while reducing operational complexity and costs. The monitoring system comprises a poultry rearing chamber and a data acquisition subsystem. To accurately monitor the HMP inside the chamber, a dynamic heat and moisture prediction (DHMP) model was developed, and its parameters were identified by integrating experimental data with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). Experimental data were collected under various heating and humidification power settings and ambient temperature conditions to train and validate the DHMP model. The results demonstrate that the DHMP model has good adaptability to ambient temperature variations across different heating power conditions. In validation datasets, the mean absolute percentage errors for heating and humidification power predictions were 3.30 % and 3.71 %, respectively, with corresponding root mean square error values of 0.961 W and 0.389 g·h⁻¹. Field experiments further confirmed that the HMP values predicted by the system closely match those reported in the literature, supporting the reliability of the system. Based on cost statistics, the total manufacturing cost was reduced by approximately 50 %-80 % compared with existing calorimetry methods. The developed data-driven HMP monitoring system effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional calorimetry methods in terms of complexity and high costs, providing an innovative and practical approach for accurately monitoring poultry physiological parameters to support precision environmental control and production management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 11","pages":"105889"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of raffinose supplementation on growth performance, carcass quality, blood chemistry, gut microbiota, and intestinal morphology in Yellow-feathered broilers.","authors":"Buheliqiemu Yushanaji, Mahmoud Kamal, Delinuer Baishanbieke, Lin Zhu, Ping Zhang, Qixuan He, Fengming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the effect of supplementing broilers' diets with raffinose on growth efficiency, blood indicators, intestinal microbial communities, and morphology. In a randomized experimental design, 195 one-day-old, yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated into 3 treatments, with 5 replicates in each treatment and 13 chickens in each replicate. The control group was administered a basal diet, whereas the remaining two groups were provided with meals enriched with 0.1 and 0.3 % of raffinose. The findings found that raffinose increased ADFI and BWG, but the change in feed-to-gain ratio was not substantial (P > 0.05). The 0.1 % raffinose group had significantly higher semi-clean and total clean carcass rates than controls (P < 0.05), while the 0.3 % group showed a lower slaughter rate. From days 1 to 21, the amounts of \"dry matter, organic matter, either extract, crude protein, and metabolizable energy\" were higher in the raffinose groups, but not significant (P > 0.05); however, from days 22 to 42, these amounts showed a significant improvement. Urea and TC levels were substantially elevated (P < 0.05) in raffinose groups at 1-21 days but were not different between groups in later periods. Raffinose increased volatile fatty acid content in the cecum without significance. Importantly, it significantly raised beneficial lactobacillus populations and reduced harmful coliform bacteria in the ileum and cecum. Also, raffinose increased the height of intestinal villi and the ratio of villus to crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (P < 0.05), which helped the intestines grow better and improved how broilers digest and absorb nutrients. In conclusion, adding raffinose to their diet helped broiler chickens grow better, balanced their gut bacteria, and had a positive effect on their intestinal development and health markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 11","pages":"105888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-destructive measurement of egg yolk weight and percentage based on magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"Bingxin Luo ,&nbsp;Lin Xuan ,&nbsp;Honglei Jin,&nbsp;Yuanhang Shi,&nbsp;Jiahui Lai,&nbsp;Runzhe Wang,&nbsp;Longyu Zhuang,&nbsp;Feiyu Chen,&nbsp;Jiajie Yang,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhou,&nbsp;Anning Huang,&nbsp;Guiyun Xu,&nbsp;Jiangxia Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the expanding egg processing industry and increasing demand for egg yolk powder, efficient non-destructive methods for detecting yolk percentage have garnered significant attention. Existing non-destructive testing techniques frequently exhibit limited accuracy for brown eggs. To establish the optimal setup for non-destructive yolk measurement, we compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) field strengths and found that 3.0 T provided the best performance. Building on this, we established a standardized imaging workflow using 3D Slicer software, enabling non-destructive measurement of yolk volume and other relevant parameters. To build a robust predictive model, we then scanned 360 white eggs and 750 brown eggs, isolating the yolk via image segmentation algorithms to calculate parameters such as yolk volume, surface area, and Feret’s diameter. Using a 70/30 dataset split, the best-performing model achieved high coefficients of determination (r²) of 0.893 and 0.907 in the training and test sets, respectively, demonstrating excellent predictive accuracy. The model’s utility was further demonstrated by its ability to accurately predict yolk weight and percentage under varying conditions, including different shell colors and storage times. Analysis using the model revealed significantly lower yolk weight and percentage in Rhode Island Red (RIR) brown eggs compared to White Leghorn (WL) white eggs (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and long-term storage significantly increased these parameters (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Genetic analysis of RIR eggs also yielded heritability estimates of 0.39 for yolk weight and 0.42 for yolk percentage. Regarding safety, MRI exposure had no significant effect on hatchability, with a rate of 93.3 % in the treated group compared to 86.7 % in the control group (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). This study provides an effective solution for rapid, non-destructive measurement of yolk percentage, which will significantly benefit layer production and ultimately support the development of the egg processing industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 12","pages":"Article 105896"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplementary with soya saponins alleviates the poor intestinal health of broilers challenged with coccidia via reshaping the structure of the intestinal microbiota.","authors":"Peng Li, Shaochen Han, Wenhui Shi, Mengjun Wu, Shuangshuang Guo, Bingying Ding, Yongqing Hou, Dan Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soya saponins (SS) have the ability to improve the intestinal microbiota and enhance intestinal immune function. While, there are few reports on their application in broiler production. The present study was designed to investigate effects of dietary supplementary with SS on the intestinal health of birds challenged with coccidia (CC). 180 male and healthy Cobb 500 broiler chickens with unifrom body weight were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, those groups were named as the control group (CTR), the coccidia challenged group (CC), and the SS treated group challenged with CC (SS+CC). There were 6 replicates in each group, and 10 birds in each replicate. Birds in the CTR and CC group were fed with the basic diet, and birds in the SS+CC group were fed with the basic diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg SS. The animal trial lasted for 21 days, on day 10 and 12, birds in the CC and SS+CC group were challenged with CC, and birds in the CTR group were treated with normal saline, samples were harvested on day 14, and the growth performance from day 1 to day 10 as well as from day 1 to day 21 were recorded. Outcomes showed that the body weight (BW), average daily weight gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were descended, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was elevated with CC challenged (P < 0.05). The villi height (VH) and the ratio of VH to crypt depth (CD) in jejunum and ileum were decreased with CC challenged, as well as the levels of ileal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and acetic acid in the ileal chyme (P < 0.05). Additionally, the mRNA level of ileal occludin was down-regulated, the transcriptional levels of ileal IL-8, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), cysteine-dependent aspartate-specific protease-1 (Caspase-1), and induced NO synthase (i-NOS) were up-regulated with CC challenged (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementary with SS tended to improve the FCR from day 1 to day 10 (P = 0.06), and was able to alleviated the above-mentioned negative effects induced by CC. Interestingly, dietary supplementary with SS contributed to reshaping the structure of the intestinal microbiota, specifically, reshaping the abnormal changes in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Romboutsia in the ileal chyme challenged with CC (P < 0.05). It was worth mentioning that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with the levels of short-chain fatty acids in the ileal chyme, and it of Romboutsia was positively correlated with the mRNA levels of ileal IL-8, IFN-γ, Caspase-1, and i-NOS (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementary with SS alleviated the poor intestinal health of broilers caused by CC via reshaping the structure of the intestinal microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 11","pages":"105886"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butyric and valeric glycerides blend prevents adverse impacts of coccidiosis challenge in broiler chickens","authors":"Sm Mostafizur Rahaman Sumon ,&nbsp;Alip Kumar ,&nbsp;Di Wu ,&nbsp;Shu-Biao Wu ,&nbsp;Kosar Gharib-Naseri","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic acids are well known for their antibacterial and antifungal effects, but their potential efficacy against coccidian parasites remains underexplored. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a butyric and valeric glyceride blend <strong>(BVg)</strong> in mitigating the adverse impacts of coccidiosis in broiler chickens. A total of 960 mixed-sex d-old Cobb 500 chicks were randomly allocated to five treatments with 12 replicates, each containing 16 birds. The five treatments were: non-challenged control <strong>(NC)</strong>; coccidiosis challenged control <strong>(CC)</strong>; CC+ BVg (<strong>BV</strong>; 500, 500, and 250 g/ton in the starter, grower and finisher phases, respectively); CC + anticoccidial salinomycin, 60 g/t <strong>(AntS)</strong>; and CC + salinomycin + BVg <strong>(ABV)</strong>. Coccidiosis challenge was induced on d9 via oral gavage with <em>Eimeria</em> spp. Performance parameters were determined on days 8, 19, 28 and 35. Lesion scoring and ileal digesta sampling was performed on d16 and excreta samples were collected on d20 for oocyst enumeration. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test to separate means was applied to normally distributed data, while the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for data that did not meet the normality assumption. The results showed that BVg supplementation significantly improved feed conversion ratio <strong>(FCR)</strong> during starter (d0-8), grower (d8-19) and overall study (d0-35) periods compared to the CC group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). BVg supplementation also numerically improved flock uniformity and significantly reduced oocyst counts (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and duodenal lesions (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) compared to the CC group. Additionally, BVg inclusion shifted hock burn lesions and tibia length values from the CC group towards the NC and ABV groups, respectively. These findings suggest that BVg may offer a promising nutritional strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of coccidiosis, reducing oocyst loads and gut lesions, while supporting the feed efficiency and hock burn lesions of broiler chickens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 12","pages":"Article 105879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green banana resistant starch as a candidate prebiotic in poultry diets: Mechanisms, limitations, and prospects.","authors":"Caven M Mnisi, Siphosethu R Dibakoane, Beautiful I Mpofu, Indibabale Kumalo, Karabo Sekano, Godfrey Mhlongo, Obiro C Wokadala, Victor Mlambo","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing concerns over antimicrobial resistance and the presence of antibiotic residues in poultry products have led to widespread restrictions on the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP). This shift has intensified the search for effective alternatives to maintain poultry health and productivity. Probiotics have emerged as one such alternative; however, their efficacy when used alone remains inconsistent across production settings. To overcome these limitations, synbiotics, combinations of probiotics and prebiotics, have gained attention due to their potential to deliver more consistent outcomes. In synbiotic formulations, prebiotics selectively stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial gut microbes, thereby enhancing probiotic colonization and functionality. Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates that resist host enzymatic degradation and are fermented by commensal gut microbiota, leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and improved gut health. In poultry, prebiotics contribute to enhanced nutrient utilization, immune modulation, improved performance, and overall bird welfare, while also promoting sustainable production. Identifying accessible, cost-effective, and functional prebiotic candidates is therefore essential. One such promising candidate is green banana resistant starch (GBRS), which warrants critical evaluation as a potential prebiotic for poultry. Despite its promising functional properties, the application of GBRS in poultry nutrition remains underexplored. Existing studies have predominantly focused on rodent and human models, with limited translational research in the avian species. This systematic review synthesizes current knowledge on the physicochemical characteristics of GBRS, elucidates its potential mechanisms of action as a gut function modulator, evaluates available in vivo evidence, and critically assesses its limitations and practical prospects as a prebiotic in poultry production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 11","pages":"105878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regression-based determination of cumin seed as a natural growth promoter in japanese quail.","authors":"Mehran Mehri, Mahmoud Ghazaghi, Morteza Asghari-Moghadam, Hamid-Reza Behboodi, Mohammad Rokouei","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of dietary cumin seed (CS) supplementation on the growth performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail chicks from 7 to 28 days of age. A total of 375 quail chicks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments consisting of 0.0 (control), 10, 20, 30, and 40 g/kg CS, with five replicates per treatment in a completely randomized design. Results revealed that feed intake tended to be decreased by increasing CS (P = 0.133), whereas body weight gain increased linearly with CS inclusion, showing significant improvement compared with control (P = 0.017). Gain to feed ratio (G:F) exhibited a significant quadratic response, but overall differences among treatments were not significant (P = 0.117). Carcass traits were generally not influenced by CS, although breast meat yield tended to improve with increasing CS levels (P = 0.073). Regression analyses using various polynomial and broken-line models estimated the optimum dietary cumin seed inclusion to range between 21 and 35 g/kg diet for maximizing growth performance and feed efficiency. Breast meat yield optimization was predicted at approximately 25 to 29 g/kg. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of cumin seed can enhance growth performance in Japanese quail, with an optimal inclusion level estimated near 25 to 35 g/kg of diet. These findings provide guidance for using cumin seed as a natural growth promoter to improve productive efficiency in quail production.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 12","pages":"105881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}