Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Cutting-Edge Applications of Cellulose-Based Membranes in Drug and Organic Contaminant Removal: Recent Advances and Innovations.","authors":"Bandana Padhan, Wanki Ryoo, Madhumita Patel, Jatis Kumar Dash, Rajkumar Patel","doi":"10.3390/polym16202938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing environmental challenges caused by pharmaceutical waste, especially antibiotics and contaminants, necessitate sustainable solutions. Cellulose-based membranes are considered advanced tools and show great potential as effective materials for the removal of drugs and organic contaminants. This review introduces an environmentally friendly composite membrane for the elimination of antibiotics and dye contaminants from water and food, without the use of toxic additives. The potential of cellulose-based membranes in reducing the impact on water quality and promoting environmental sustainability is emphasized. Additionally, the benefits of using biobased cellulose membranes in membrane biological reactors for the removal of antibiotics from pharmaceutical waste and milk are explored, presenting an innovative approach to achieving a circular economy. This review provides recent and comprehensive insights into membrane bioreactor technology, making it a valuable resource for researchers seeking efficient methods to break down antibiotics in industrial wastewater, particularly in the pharmaceutical and dairy industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covalent Pectin/Arabinoxylan Hydrogels: Rheological and Microstructural Characterization.","authors":"Claudia Lara-Espinoza, Agustín Rascón-Chu, Valérie Micard, Carole Antoine-Assor, Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan, Rosalba Troncoso-Rojas, Federico Ohlmaier-Delgadillo, Francisco Brown-Bojorquez","doi":"10.3390/polym16202939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research aimed to evaluate the gelation process of ferulated pectin (FP) and ferulated arabinoxylan (AXF) in a new mixed hydrogel and determine its microstructural characteristics. FP from sugar beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i>) and arabinoxylan from maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) bran were gelled via oxidative coupling using laccase as a crosslinking agent. The dynamic oscillatory rheology of the mixed hydrogel revealed a maximum storage modulus of 768 Pa after 60 min. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that mixed hydrogels possess a microstructure of imperfect honeycomb. The ferulic acid content of the mixed hydrogel was 3.73 mg/g, and ferulic acid dimer 8-5' was the most abundant. The presence of a trimer was also detected. This study reports the distribution and concentration of ferulic acid dimers, and the rheological and microstructural properties of a mixed hydrogel based on FP and AXF, which has promising features as a new covalent biopolymeric material.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradation Study of Food Packaging Materials: Assessment of the Impact of the Use of Different Biopolymers and Soil Characteristics.","authors":"Amanda Martinello Neres de Souza, Luisa Bataglin Avila, Camila Ramão Contessa, Alaor Valério Filho, Gabriela Silveira de Rosa, Caroline Costa Moraes","doi":"10.3390/polym16202940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, the relationship between the properties of different membranes (agar, chitosan, and agar + chitosan) and biodegradability in natural and sterilized soil was investigated. The membranes under investigation exhibited variations in the biodegradation process, a phenomenon closely linked to both the soil microbiota composition and their water affinity. Higher solubility in water and greater swelling tendencies correlated with shorter initiation times for the biodegradation process in soil. Overall, all tested membranes began biodegradation within 14 days, as assessed through thickness and morphological analysis parameters, demonstrating a superior degradation rate compared to low-density polyethylene films.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Performance of PBAT/PLA/CaCO₃ Composites via Solid-State Shear Milling Technology.","authors":"Xuehua Jia, Qilin Wen, Yanjun Sun, Yinghong Chen, Dali Gao, Yue Ru, Ning Chen","doi":"10.3390/polym16202942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Replacing traditional disposable, non-biodegradable plastic packaging with biodegradable plastic packaging is one of the key approaches to address the issue of \"white pollution\". PBAT/PLA/inorganic filler composites are widely utilized as a biodegradable material, commonly employed in the field of packaging films. However, the poor dispersion of inorganic fillers in the polymer matrix and the limited compatibility between PBAT and PLA have led to inferior mechanical properties and elevated costs. In this work, we propose a simple and effective strategy to improve the dispersion of nano-CaCO₃ in a PBAT/PLA matrix through solid-state shear- milling (S³M) technology, combined with mechanochemical modification and in situ compatibilization to enhance the compatibility between PBAT and PLA. The impact of varying milling conditions on the structure and performance of the PBAT/PLA/CaCO₃ composites was investigated. During the milling process, PBAT and PLA undergo partial molecular chain fragmentation, generating more active functional groups. In the presence of the chain extender ADR during melt blending, more branched PBAT-g-PLA is formed, thereby enhancing matrix compatibility. The results indicate that the choice of milling materials significantly affects the structure and properties of the composite. The film obtained by milling only PBAT and CaCO₃ exhibited the best performance, with its longitudinal tensile strength and fracture elongation reaching 22 MPa and 437%, respectively. This film holds great potential for application in the field of green packaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Driven Insight into Polycarbonate Synthesis from CO₂: Database Construction and Beyond.","authors":"Aritz D Martinez, Adriana Navajas-Guerrero, Harbil Bediaga-Bañeres, Julia Sánchez-Bodón, Pablo Ortiz, Jose Luis Vilas-Vilela, Isabel Moreno-Benitez, Sergio Gil-Lopez","doi":"10.3390/polym16202936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advancements in materials science have garnered significant attention within the research community. Over the past decade, substantial efforts have been directed towards the exploration of innovative methodologies for developing new materials. These efforts encompass enhancements to existing products or processes and the design of novel materials. Of particular significance is the synthesis of specific polymers through the copolymerization of epoxides with CO₂. However, several uncertainties emerge in this chemical process, including challenges associated with successful polymerization and the properties of the resulting materials. These uncertainties render the design of new polymers a trial-and-error endeavor, often resulting in failed outcomes that entail significant financial, human resource, and time investments due to unsuccessful experimentation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a promising technology to mitigate these drawbacks during the experimental phase. Nonetheless, the availability of high-quality data remains crucial, posing particular challenges in the context of polymeric materials, mainly because of the stochastic nature of polymers, which impedes their homogeneous representation, and the variation in their properties based on their processing. In this study, the first dataset linking the structure of the epoxy comonomer, the catalyst employed, and the experimental conditions of polymerization to the reaction's success is described. A novel analytical pipeline based on ML to effectively exploit the constructed database is introduced. The initial results underscore the importance of addressing the dimensionality problem. The outcomes derived from the proposed analytical pipeline, which infer the molecular weight, polydispersity index, and conversion rate, demonstrate promising adjustment values for all target parameters. The best results are measured in terms of the (Determination Coefficient) R2 between real and predicted values for all three target magnitudes. The best proposed solution provides a R2 equal to 0.79, 0.86, and 0.93 for the molecular weight, polydispersity index, and conversion rate, respectively. The proposed analytical pipeline is automatized (including AutoML techniques for ML models hyperparameter tuning), allowing easy scalability as the database grows, laying the foundation for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Combined Woven Roving and Mat Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites Under Absorption Tower Lifting Loads.","authors":"Víctor Tuninetti, Matías Mariqueo","doi":"10.3390/polym16202937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the structural integrity of a glass-fiber reinforced polymer absorption tower during lifting operations, evaluating factors of safety and stress distribution for both horizontal and vertical scenarios. A key focus is the comparative analysis of surface and volumetric meshing techniques in finite element modeling. Results demonstrate that surface models achieve comparable stress predictions to computationally intensive volumetric models, significantly reducing computational demands without compromising accuracy. For instance, stress at the flange edge with holes was accurately captured using a surface model with 5675 elements (12.79 MPa), yielding similar results to a volumetric model requiring over 94,000 elements (13.37 MPa). Similar computational efficiency and agreement between modeling approaches were observed at the packing support ring-shell joint. Finite element analysis employing Hashin's failure criterion, informed by industry-standard experimental data, revealed safety factors ranging from 1.9 to 2.5 for horizontal lifting and four for vertical lifting. These safety factors indicate sufficient margins for safe operation. While these findings support the feasibility of both lifting methods, further investigation is recommended to address the lower safety factors observed in specific horizontal lifting scenarios. A comprehensive assessment incorporating industry standards, dynamic load effects, and potential mitigation strategies is crucial to ensure the long-term structural integrity of the GFRP absorption tower.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Extraction and Analysis of Wheat Straw Lignin by Response Surface Methodology.","authors":"Yongke Wang, Xiao-Feng Sun, Jiayi Chen, Sihai Hu, Ran Sun","doi":"10.3390/polym16202935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To enhance the high-value utilization of straw waste and achieve efficient lignin extraction, wheat straw was selected as the feedstock for investigating the effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, solid-liquid ratio, and formic acid concentration on lignin yield using a formic acid/acetic acid solvent system. A single-factor experimental design was initially employed, followed by optimization using the response surface methodology. Additionally, a kinetic model was developed to describe lignin extraction kinetics in the formic acid/acetic acid system. The structural characteristics and thermal stability of the extracted lignin were analyzed via FTIR, UV spectroscopy, and TGA. The findings indicate that increasing reaction temperature, reaction time, solid-liquid ratio, and formic acid content all significantly enhanced lignin extraction yield from wheat straw, with the primary influencing factors being reaction temperature > solid-liquid ratio > reaction time > formic acid content. The optimal extraction conditions were identified at a reaction temperature of 90 °C, a reaction time of 3.5 h, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:16.5, and a formic acid content of 86.2 wt.%, yielding a lignin content of 79.83%. The analytical results demonstrated that the extracted lignin preserved the structural integrity of the original lignin and exhibited good thermal stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Material Extrusion Process Parameters to Enhance Water Vapour Adsorption Capacity of PLA/Wood Composite Printed Parts.","authors":"José A Martínez-Sánchez, Pablo E Romero, Francisco Comino, Esther Molero, Manuel Ruiz de Adana","doi":"10.3390/polym16202934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to optimise the water vapour adsorption capacity of polylactic acid (PLA) and wood composite materials for application in dehumidification systems through material extrusion additive manufacturing. By analysing key process parameters, including nozzle diameter, layer height, and temperature, the research evaluates their impact on the porosity and adsorption performance of the composite. Additionally, the influence of different infill densities on moisture absorption is investigated. The results show that increasing wood content significantly enhances water vapour adsorption, with nozzle diameter and layer height identified as the most critical factors. These findings confirm that composite materials, especially those with higher wood content and optimised printing parameters, offer promising solutions for improving dehumidification efficiency. Potential applications include heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems or environmental control. This work introduces an innovative approach to using composite materials in desiccant-based dehumidification and provides a solid foundation for future research. Further studies could focus on optimising material formulations and scaling this approach for broader industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Biomimetic Structural Design of Sandwich Composite Materials.","authors":"Shanlong Che, Guangliang Qu, Guochen Wang, Yunyan Hao, Jiao Sun, Jin Ding","doi":"10.3390/polym16202925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sandwich composites are widely used in engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties. Accordingly, the problem of interface bonding between their panels and core layers has always been a hot research topic. The emergence of biomimetic technology has enabled the integration of the structure and function of biological materials from living organisms or nature into the design of sandwich composites, greatly improving the interface bonding and overall performance of heterogeneous materials. In this paper, we review the most commonly used biomimetic structures and the fusion design of multi-biomimetic structures in the engineering field. They are analyzed with respect to their mechanical properties, and several biomimetic structures derived from abstraction in plants and animals are highlighted. Their structural advantages are further discussed specifically. Regarding the optimization of different interface combinations of multilayer composites, this paper explores the optimization of simulations and the contributions of molecular dynamics, machine learning, and other techniques used for optimization. Additionally, the latest molding methods for sandwich composites based on biomimetic structural design are introduced, and the materials applicable to different processes, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, are briefly analyzed. Our research results can help improve the mechanical properties of sandwich composites and promote the application of biomimetic structures in engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Study on the Optimization of Asphalt-Based Material Properties by Physicochemical Interaction and Synergistic Modification of Molecular Structure.","authors":"Jiashuo Cao, Lifeng Wang","doi":"10.3390/polym16202924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16202924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to investigate the relationship between the molecular structure of fibers and the differences in physicochemical interactions between fibers and asphalt on the performance of fiber-modified asphalt, this paper chose two types of fibers with different chemical structures: straw fiber and polyester fiber. First, the differences in molecular interactions between the two fibers and asphalt were explored using molecular dynamics, then the differences in the adsorption capacity of the two fibers on asphalt components were tested by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy experiments, and finally, the differences in the rheological properties of the two fiber-modified asphalts were tested by dynamic shear rheology and low-temperature creep experiments. The molecular dynamics simulation findings reveal that polyester fibers may intersperse into asphalt molecules and interact with them via structures such as aromatic rings, whereas straw fibers are merely adsorbed on the asphalt's surface. Straw fibers and asphalt exhibit hydrogen bonding, whereas polyester fibers and asphalt display van der Waals interactions. The results of attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy indicated that polyester fiber absorbed asphalt components better than straw fiber. The rheological tests revealed that the polyester fiber had the highest complex shear modulus in the temperature range of 46-82 °C, and at 64 °C, the phase angle was 4.289° lower than that of the straw fiber-treated bitumen. Polyester fiber-modified asphalt had a 32.48%, 15.72%, and 6.09% lower creep modulus than straw fiber-modified asphalt at three low-temperature conditions: -6 °C, -12 °C, and -18 °C. It is clear that fibers with aromatic rings as a chemical structure outperform lignin-based fibers in terms of improving asphalt characteristics. The research findings can serve as a theoretical foundation for the selection of fibers to produce fiber-modified asphalt.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}