Polymers最新文献_第2页

Electropolymerization of 5-Indolylboronic Acid: Morphological, Spectroscopic, and Electrochemical Characterization with Perspective Toward Functional Applications. 5-吲哚硼酸的电聚合：形态、光谱和电化学表征及其功能应用前景。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192702

Danilo Ramos, María Jesús Aguirre, Francisco Armijo

{"title":"Electropolymerization of 5-Indolylboronic Acid: Morphological, Spectroscopic, and Electrochemical Characterization with Perspective Toward Functional Applications.","authors":"Danilo Ramos, María Jesús Aguirre, Francisco Armijo","doi":"10.3390/polym17192702","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192702","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(5-indolylboronic acid) was synthesized electrochemically via cyclic voltammetry using various electrodes, including screen-printed carbon electrodes, glassy carbon electrodes, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, and 304 stainless steel. This study provides a thorough analysis of the resulting conducting polymer's electrochemical behavior, morphological and structural characteristics, and potential applications. The following techniques were employed: cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The polymer exhibits pH-dependent redox activity within the pH range of 4-10, displaying Nernstian behavior and achieving a specific areal capacitance of 0.234 mF∙cm-2 on an SPCE electrode. This result highlights the electrode's efficiency in terms of charge storage. Impedance data indicate that the modified electrodes demonstrate a substantial decrease in charge transfer resistance and improved interfacial conductivity compared to bare electrodes. Contact angle measurements show that the presence of boronic acid groups makes the polymer hydrophilic. However, when 5PIBA was incubated in the presence of molecules containing hydroxyl groups or certain proteins, such as casein, no adsorption was observed. This suggests limited interaction with functional groups such as amino, hydroxide, and carboxyl groups present in these molecules, indicating the potential application of the polymer in biocorrosion. 5PIBA forms homogeneous, stable, and electroactive coatings on various substrates, making it a promising and versatile material for electrochemical technologies, and paving the way for future functionalization strategies.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12527081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: A Review. 组织工程植物基支架研究进展

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192705

Maria Isabela Vargas-Ovalle, Christian Demitri, Marta Madaghiele

{"title":"Plant-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: A Review.","authors":"Maria Isabela Vargas-Ovalle, Christian Demitri, Marta Madaghiele","doi":"10.3390/polym17192705","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192705","url":null,"abstract":"The global need for tissue and organ transplantation paved the way for plant-based scaffolds as cheap, ethical, and valuable alternatives to synthetic and animal-derived matrices for tissue regeneration. Over the years, the field has outgrown its initial scope, including the development of tissue models, platforms for drug testing and delivery, biosensors, and laboratory-grown meat. In this scoping review, we aimed to shed light on the frequency of the use of different plant matrices, the main techniques for decellularization, the functionalization methods for stimulating mammalian cell attachment, and the main results. To that purpose, we searched the keywords \"decellularized\" AND \"scaffold\" AND (\"plant\" OR \"vegetable\") in online-available databases (Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Sage Journals). From the selection and study of 71 articles, we observed a multitude of plant sources and tissues, along with a large and inhomogeneous body of protocols used for decellularization, functionalization and recellularization of plant matrices, which all led to variable results, with different extents of success (mostly in vitro). Since the field of plant-based scaffolds shows high potential for growth in the next few years, driven by emerging biotechnological applications, we conclude that future research should focus on plant sources with low economic and environmental impacts while also pursuing the standardization of the methods involved and a much deeper characterization of the scaffold performance in vivo.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Shape-Forming Elements on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Coextruded Thermoplastic Composites. 成形元素对共挤热塑性复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192703

Rebecca Olanrewaju, Yuefang Jiang, Thao Nguyen, David Kazmer

{"title":"Influence of Shape-Forming Elements on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Coextruded Thermoplastic Composites.","authors":"Rebecca Olanrewaju, Yuefang Jiang, Thao Nguyen, David Kazmer","doi":"10.3390/polym17192703","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192703","url":null,"abstract":"The immiscibility of most polymers leads to poor interfacial adhesion in blends, a critical challenge that often limits the mechanical performance of polymer composites. This research introduces shape-forming elements (SFEs), a novel class of coextrusion dies designed to create additional geometric complexity and control over interfacial architecture. Specifically inspired by Julia Set and T-Square fractals, SFEs were simulated, prototyped, and found to be effective in coextrusion of different-colored polymer clays. The SFEs were employed to coextrude architected composites consisting of a liquid crystalline polymer (Vectra A950) and a cycloaliphatic polyamide (Trogamid CX7323). Mechanical testing revealed a strong positive correlation between the draw ratio and both the tensile modulus (adjusted R2 = 0.94) and tensile stress at break (adjusted R2 = 0.84). However, experimental cross-sections significantly differed from simulation results. These discrepancies were attributed to interfacial instabilities caused by material incompatibility between the two polymers and potential moisture-induced defects. This finding highlights critical challenges that arise during practical processing, emphasizing the importance of addressing polymer compatibility and moisture management to realize the full potential of SFEs in designing advanced polymer composites with targeted properties.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fabrication of PLA-Date Fiber Biocomposite via Extrusion Filament Maker for 3D Printing and Its Characterization for Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Applications. pla -枣纤维生物复合材料的3D打印制造及其环保和可持续应用的表征。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192707

Syed Hammad Mian, Abdulrahman Bin Jumah, Mustafa Saleh, Jabair Ali Mohammed

{"title":"Fabrication of PLA-Date Fiber Biocomposite via Extrusion Filament Maker for 3D Printing and Its Characterization for Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Applications.","authors":"Syed Hammad Mian, Abdulrahman Bin Jumah, Mustafa Saleh, Jabair Ali Mohammed","doi":"10.3390/polym17192707","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192707","url":null,"abstract":"Biocomposites incorporating bio-based polymers and natural fibers hold great promise due to their environmental and economic benefits, though their commercial use is still limited by production challenges. This study reports the development of polylactic acid (PLA) composite filament reinforced with 5 wt% date palm fibers for fused deposition modeling (FDM)-based 3D Printing. The biocomposite is fabricated through extrusion and 3D Printing, and its mechanical, thermal, and water absorption properties are characterized in this work. Fiber dispersion is examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while tensile testing evaluates yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation at break. Fracture behavior and failure mechanisms are further analyzed through optical microscopy and SEM. The biocomposite shows higher yield strength (36.75 MPa) and tensile strength (53.69 MPa), representing improvements of 10.12% and 6.53%, respectively, compared to in-house extruded pure PLA. However, it exhibits lower ductility, as indicated by reduced elongation at break. Water absorption is also higher in the biocomposite (0.58%) than in pure PLA (0.10%). Both materials display similar thermal behavior and brittle fracture characteristics. These results highlight the reinforcing effect of date palm fibers and the role of processing on the behavior/performance of the biocomposite. Reinforcing PLA with a small fraction of date palm fibers, an abundant natural resource, offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly material, particularly suited for single-use plastic products where biodegradability and sustainability are essential. This study also confirms the suitability of PLA/date palm fiber filament for FDM-based 3D Printing.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flow-Line-Reducing Tetrahedral Metal Effect Pigments for Injection Molding: A Yield-Rate-Improved Particle Manufacturing Method Based on Soft UVImprint Lithography. 减少流动线的四面体注射用金属效应颜料：一种基于软紫外压印的提高成品率的颗粒制造方法。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192708

Nils Maximilian Demski, Holger Seidlitz, Felix Kuke, Oliver Niklas Dorn, Janina Zoglauer, Tobias Hückstaedt, Paul Hans Kamm, Francisco García-Moreno, Noah Kremp, Christian Dreyer, Dirk Oberschmidt

{"title":"Flow-Line-Reducing Tetrahedral Metal Effect Pigments for Injection Molding: A Yield-Rate-Improved Particle Manufacturing Method Based on Soft UVImprint Lithography.","authors":"Nils Maximilian Demski, Holger Seidlitz, Felix Kuke, Oliver Niklas Dorn, Janina Zoglauer, Tobias Hückstaedt, Paul Hans Kamm, Francisco García-Moreno, Noah Kremp, Christian Dreyer, Dirk Oberschmidt","doi":"10.3390/polym17192708","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192708","url":null,"abstract":"This publication presents an improved manufacturing method for tetrahedral metal effect pigment particles that demonstrates reduced flowlines in injection-molded polymer components compared with conventional platelet-shaped pigment particles. The previously published cold forming process for tetrahedral particles, made entirely from aluminum, faced manufacturing challenges, resulting in a high reject rate due to particle adhesion to the micro-structured mold roller. In contrast, this study introduces a new manufacturing method for tetrahedral particles, now consisting of metallized UV-cured thermoset polymer. These particles, dispersed in amorphous matrix thermoplastics, have shown to maintain their shape during the injection molding process. The manufacturing technique for these novel particles is based on UV imprint lithography, omitting the reject rates compared with the previously presented cold rolling process of tetrahedral full aluminum particles. Thus, the novel manufacturing technique for tetrahedral pigment particles shows increased potential for automation through roll-to-roll manufacturing in the future.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinetics of Carboxylic Acids Formation During Polypropylene Thermooxidation in Water Saturated with Pressurized Oxygen. 聚丙烯在加压氧饱和水中热氧化过程中羧酸生成动力学。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192696

Vadim V Zefirov, Polina S Kazaryan, Andrey I Stakhanov, Svetlana V Stakhanova, Mikhail M Ilyin, Ivan A Godovikov, Elizaveta V Shmakova, Andrey G Terentyev, Alexander V Dudkin, Elena P Kharitonova, Marat O Gallyamov, Alexei R Khokhlov

引用次数: 0

Enhancing the Buckling Performance of Thin-Walled Plastic Structures Through Material Optimization. 通过材料优化提高薄壁塑料结构的屈曲性能。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192697

Alexander Busch, Olaf Bruch, Dirk Reith

{"title":"Enhancing the Buckling Performance of Thin-Walled Plastic Structures Through Material Optimization.","authors":"Alexander Busch, Olaf Bruch, Dirk Reith","doi":"10.3390/polym17192697","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192697","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing material usage in plastic products is a key lever for improving resource efficiency and minimizing environmental impact. In thin-walled structures subjected to mechanical loading, material efficiency must be achieved without compromising structural performance. In particular, resistance to buckling, a critical failure mode, must be taken into account during product development. Due to the large number of design and process variables, many of which are interdependent, optimization approaches are uncommon in the blow-molded packaging industry. This paper presents a sensitivity-based optimization approach to improve buckling resistance by modifying the product's material distribution. Since the sensitivity is nonlinear and depends on the product's deformation state, various methods are developed and tested to reduce the frame-wise sensitivity data to a single sensitivity vector suitable for optimization. These methods are then tested on common extrusion blow-molded products, achieving improvements in buckling load of up to 60%. This approach is transferable to other thin-walled structures across various engineering domains, offering a pathway toward lightweight yet load-compliant designs.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiaxial Fatigue Behavior of CFRP Thin-Walled Tubes: An Experimental Study with Analysis of the Acoustic Signals. 基于声信号分析的CFRP薄壁管多轴疲劳特性试验研究。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192701

Szymon Duda, Michał Smolnicki, Paweł Zielonka, Paweł Stabla, Grzegorz Lesiuk

{"title":"Multiaxial Fatigue Behavior of CFRP Thin-Walled Tubes: An Experimental Study with Analysis of the Acoustic Signals.","authors":"Szymon Duda, Michał Smolnicki, Paweł Zielonka, Paweł Stabla, Grzegorz Lesiuk","doi":"10.3390/polym17192701","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192701","url":null,"abstract":"The fatigue behavior of continuous fiber-reinforced composite materials is still not fully understood, particularly under multiaxial out-of-phase loading conditions. This study assesses the multiaxial fatigue behavior of thin-walled carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) tubular specimens fabricated by filament winding (FW). A comprehensive experimental study is presented, investigating axial-torsion loads, phase shifts (0°, 45°, and 90°), and load ratios (-1, 0.05, and 0.5). Simultaneously, the acoustic emission (AE) method provides supplementary data for assessing fatigue damage accumulation. Consequently, a shear nonlinear material model and progressive damage in a shell-based finite element model were applied for stress analysis. The experimental results demonstrate the negative influence of a 90° out-of-phase load and the detrimental effect of mean stress for investigated positive load ratios. These findings offer valuable insights into the impact of phase shift (δ) and load ratio (R) in filament-wound carbon composites. These are essential for accurately modeling the fatigue behavior of composite materials under complex multiaxial loading.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Cement Production: TEA-TIPA as Grinding Aids: Optimizing Ratios for Efficiency and Environmental Impact. 可持续水泥生产：TEA-TIPA作为助磨剂：优化效率和环境影响的比例。

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192698

Veysel Kobya, Yahya Kaya, Fatih Eren Akgümüş, Yunus Kaya, Naz Mardani, Ali Mardani

{"title":"Sustainable Cement Production: TEA-TIPA as Grinding Aids: Optimizing Ratios for Efficiency and Environmental Impact.","authors":"Veysel Kobya, Yahya Kaya, Fatih Eren Akgümüş, Yunus Kaya, Naz Mardani, Ali Mardani","doi":"10.3390/polym17192698","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192698","url":null,"abstract":"In line with sustainable construction goals, this study investigates the synergistic use of amine-based grinding aids (GAs), triethanolamine (TEA), and triisopropanolamine (TIPA) to enhance grinding performance and cement properties. GAs were physically blended at varying TEA/TIPA ratios, and their effects on grinding efficiency, CO2 emissions, and environmental footprint were assessed based on energy consumption per target Blaine fineness. The interaction of blended GAs with Ca2+ ions was modeled to understand adsorption behavior. Cement particle size distribution (PSD), Hausner ratio, Carr index, and angle of repose were analyzed to evaluate powder flowability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine microstructural changes. Finally, the Taguchi method statistically analyzed the effective parameters influencing system performance. Results demonstrated that the optimized blend containing 25% TEA and 75% TIPA improved grinding performance, enhanced polymer-ion interactions, refined PSD, and significantly increased powder flowability. Overall, the study underscores the potential of amine-based polymeric GAs in producing environmentally friendly, high-performance cement composites. Using a Taguchi design with the larger-is-better S/N criterion, the optimal formulation was determined to be 25% TEA and 75% TIPA at a dosage of 0.10%. ANOVA results indicated that the TEA content was the most significant factor, while the dosage had no statistically significant effect.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Performance of 3D-Printed Stab-Resistant Body Armor Using the Taguchi Method and Artificial Neural Networks. 基于田口法和人工神经网络的3d打印防弹衣性能评估

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/polym17192699

Umur Cicek

{"title":"Evaluating the Performance of 3D-Printed Stab-Resistant Body Armor Using the Taguchi Method and Artificial Neural Networks.","authors":"Umur Cicek","doi":"10.3390/polym17192699","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17192699","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing has promising potential for the development of 3D-printed protective structures such as stab-resistant body armor. However, no research to date has examined the impact of 3D printing parameters on the protective performance of such 3D-printed structures manufactured using fused filament fabrication technology. This study, therefore, investigates the effects of five key printing parameters: layer thickness, print speed, print temperature, infill density (Id), and layer width, on the mechanical and protective performance of 3D-printed polycarbonate (PC) armor. A Taguchi L27 matrix was employed to systematically analyze these parameters, with toughness, stab penetration depth, and armor panel weight as the primary responses. ANOVA results, along with the Taguchi approach, demonstrated that Id was the most influential factor across all print parameters. This is because a higher Id led to denser structures, reduced voids and porosities, and enhanced energy absorption, significantly increasing toughness while reducing penetration depth. Morphological analysis supported the statistical findings regarding the role of Id on the performance of such structures. With optimized printing parameters, no penetration to the armor panels was recorded, outperforming the UK body armor standard of a maximum permitted knife penetration depth of 8 mm. Moreover, an artificial neural network (ANN) utilizing the 5-14-12-3 topology was created to predict the toughness, stab penetration depth, and armor panel weight of 3D-printed armors. The ANN model demonstrated better prediction performance for stab penetration depth compared to the Taguchi method, confirming the successful application of such an approach. These findings provide a critical foundation for the development of high-performance 3D-printed protective structures.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0