Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Printing Angle on Mechanical Properties of Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-Printed Polymers for Below-Knee Prosthetic Sockets: An Experimental and Finite Element Analysis Study.","authors":"Ismail Boudjemaa, Omar Khatir, Abdelkader Benkhettou, Bel Abbes Bachir Bouiadjra, Abdrahmene Sahli, Murat Yaylacı, Dursun Murat Sekban, Yılmaz Güvercin, Ecren Uzun Yaylacı, Muhammet Kalkışım","doi":"10.3390/polym18192431","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the influence of printing angle on the mechanical performance of 3D-printed prosthetic sockets through an integrated experimental and computational approach. Tensile tests were conducted on Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and enhanced PLA (PLA+) specimens fabricated at four orientations (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°). The results confirmed clear printing orientation dependence, with Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength varying across printing angles in a material-specific manner. The experimentally determined Young's modulus for each material-orientation combination was implemented as an equivalent isotropic elastic input in a separate finite element simulation of a patient-specific transtibial socket under simplified quasi-static stance loading. The FE simulations revealed that PLA+ printed at 0° provided a balanced structural response: it maintained von Mises stress within the socket at 1.98 MPa, limited displacement to 0.29 mm, and kept interface contact pressure at 0.089 MPa. In contrast, the more compliant ABS, particularly at a 90° orientation, exhibited a higher displacement of approximately 0.37 mm, which may influence socket compliance. This research provides quantitative, data-driven guidelines for the additive manufacturing of load-bearing medical devices, demonstrating that precise control of print orientation and material selection is essential for engineering prosthetic sockets that balance structural support with patient-specific interface requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of Three Yam Species (<i>Dioscorea</i> spp.) as Starch Sources: Physicochemical, Functional, Morphological, Thermal, and Rheological Characterization.","authors":"Katherine Paternina-Sierra, Piedad Montero-Castillo, Diofanor Acevedo-Correa","doi":"10.3390/polym18192433","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yams (<i>Dioscorea</i> spp.) are tubers with high agro-industrial potential due to their elevated starch content; however, their use remains mainly limited to fresh consumption. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the physicochemical, functional, morphological, thermal, and rheological properties of native starches from three yam species, <i>Dioscorea alata</i>, <i>Dioscorea rotundata</i>, and <i>Dioscorea cayenensis</i>, to study their potential as sources of starch for food applications. The starches exhibited spherical and ovoid granules. Amylose content was relatively high, at 37.76%, 38.71%, and 32.58% for <i>D. alata</i>, <i>D. rotundata</i>, and <i>D. cayenensis</i>, respectively, exceeding the range commonly reported for yam starches. Significant differences were observed in water and oil retention capacity and swelling power, with <i>D. cayenensis</i> showing greater swelling at high temperatures. Pasting properties differed among species; <i>D. rotundata</i> exhibited the highest peak viscosity and greater paste stability, while <i>D. alata</i> showed the highest pasting temperature and breakdown viscosity. <i>D. rotundata</i> also presented the highest final viscosity, whereas setback viscosity did not differ significantly among species. Gelatinization temperatures exceeded 70 °C. All starches displayed pseudoplastic behavior and predominantly elastic properties (G' > G″), with <i>D. rotundata</i> exhibiting the highest yield stress (τ₀) and greater structural rigidity, as indicated by its higher G' and G″ values. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of starches from the three yam species as value-added starch sources for food applications, based on their distinct physicochemical, functional, thermal, and rheological properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Electrospun PAN-CNT-CNC Composite Nanofiber Films for Hydrovoltaic Energy Harvesting.","authors":"Hee Chang Jeon, Woohyuk Jang, Jiseon Yun, Sein Min, Joong Yeon Lim, Young-Seong Kim","doi":"10.3390/polym18192430","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water-induced electrical responses were investigated using porous electrospun PAN-based composite membranes containing CNTs and CNCs. Following the injection of 20 μL of a 2 wt% NaCl solution, transient open-circuit voltage responses were observed from the PAN, PAN-CNT, and PAN-CNT-CNC devices, with maximum values of approximately 47, 42, and 68 mV, respectively, in the tested devices. Three successive injection-drying cycles demonstrated repeated transient responses within individual devices but did not establish device-to-device reproducibility or long-term stability. Raman and FTIR analyses supported the incorporation of CNTs and the modification of the water-interacting environment following CNC addition, respectively. The voltage waveform depended on the liquid type, NaCl concentration, and wetting-drying history, including a transient reverse-voltage response during drying. These results provide a proof-of-concept observation of wetting-drying-dependent electrical behavior in electrospun PAN-based porous membranes. Load-dependent power, long-term durability, and device-to-device reproducibility remain to be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Multilayer Epoxy Composites Filled with Mixed-Phase Bismuth- and Tungsten-Containing Nanoparticles for Lead-Free ^99mTc Shielding in Occupational Nuclear Medicine.","authors":"Suphalak Khamruang Marshall, Wuttipat Wattanaphonpinich","doi":"10.3390/polym18192434","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192434","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lead-free polymer composites are being developed to reduce occupational radiation exposure associated with nuclear medicine procedures. This study fabricated monolithic and four-layer hybrid Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/WO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticle-filled diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy composites for attenuating the 140.5-keV photons emitted by technetium-99m (&lt;sup&gt;99m&lt;/sup&gt;Tc). Bi- and W-containing powders were prepared by wet-chemical precipitation and incorporated into the epoxy matrix at 25 and 50 parts per hundred parts of resin. Alternating B50/W50/B50/W50 (ML-BW50) and reverse-layer configurations were produced by sequential casting with a total specimen thickness of 2.0 cm. The nanoparticle dispersions and cured composites were evaluated using DLS, zeta-potential analysis, FE-SEM-EDX, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, PBS contact-angle measurements, and supplementary tensile testing. Shielding performance was measured at &lt;sup&gt;99m&lt;/sup&gt;Tc activities of 925 MBq (25 mCi) and 6.105 GBq (165 mCi) using an anthropomorphic thorax phantom and an electronic personal dosimeter under a fixed source-shield-detector geometry. The Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and WO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; dispersions exhibited Z-average hydrodynamic diameters of 646.41 and 413.38 nm and zeta potentials of -33.70 and -31.65 mV, respectively. FE-SEM and EDX analyses documented compositionally differentiated Bi-rich and W-rich layers in ML-BW50. XRD identified a mixed-phase Bi- and W-containing filler system, including α-Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, bismuth oxide carbonate hydroxide, WO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and residual Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;WO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;·2H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, while FTIR spectra retained the characteristic bands of the cured epoxy network. ML-BW50 exhibited a maximum tensile stress of 4.008 MPa, a terminal strain of 74.294%, and a tensile toughness of 2.250 MJ·m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, representing the highest tensile toughness among the investigated epoxy-based formulations. The shielding formulation significantly affected the background-corrected personal dose equivalent, Hp(10), at both activities (both &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001), and the multilayer specimens reduced Hp(10) by approximately 45-72% relative to their corresponding monolithic composites. ML-BW50 was the most effective lead-free formulation, producing Hp(10) values of 33.15 ± 2.75 and 228.42 ± 6.50 µSv and radiation-shielding efficiencies of 77.42% and 82.70% at 925 MBq and 6.105 GBq, respectively. ML-BW50 and the 0.5-mm lead reference produced statistically comparable Hp(10) values at 925 MBq, whereas ML-BW50 produced a 9.12% lower Hp(10) than lead at 6.105 GBq. For the same 10 × 10 cm projected area, ML-BW50 had a mass of 44.0 g compared with 77.0 g for lead, representing a 42.9% mass reduction, and exhibited a mean PBS contact angle of approximately 102.3°. Collectively, ML-BW50 combined effective &lt;sup&gt;99m&lt;/sup&gt;Tc attenuation, reduced specimen mass, differentiated multilayer organization, low PBS wettability, and favorable tensile-ene","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic-Scale Reaction Mechanism of Impact Ignition in Al/Si/PTFE Reactive Materials.","authors":"Liangfei Gong, Lieke Ma, Xiaomalong Pu, Bo Li, Yulian Liu, Ao Mei, Jie Wang","doi":"10.3390/polym18192432","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-metallic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based reactive materials (RMs) exhibit relatively high energy density; however, the low shock sensitivity hinders their widespread application in space debris protection. To develop lightweight, high-energy PTFE-based RMs with superior shock-induced energy-release performance, Al/Si/PTFE ternary RMs were produced by a cold pressing and sintering process with additions of Aluminum (Al) and Silicon (Si) powders. The effect of Al and Si content on the impact ignition and energy release of Al/Si/PTFE was investigated by split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiments. High-speed photography shows that the addition of Al powder can effectively lower the reaction threshold of Si/PTFE and enhance its energy release efficiency. The critical reaction temperature threshold of Al_1.2Si₁PTFE is lower than that of other Al/Si/PTFE RMs, and its primary and secondary ignition intensities are the highest. The micro-ignition mechanism of the Al/Si/PTFE RMs was revealed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments. The synergistic effect of Al and Si particles in Al_1.2Si₁PTFE under a shock wave produces a more pronounced local temperature rise and more hotspots, ultimately releasing the greatest extent of reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lignin-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Matrix for Chlorzoxazone Loading and Release: Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Characterization.","authors":"Andreea Creteanu, Narcis Anghel, Cornelia Vasile, Gabriela Lisa, Claudiu N Lungu, Graţiela Popa","doi":"10.3390/polym18192429","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorzoxazone (CLZ) is a poorly water-soluble drug whose formulation may benefit from carrier systems capable of drug incorporation and controlled release. This study investigated an epichlorohydrin (ECH)-mediated lignin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (LIG/HP-β-CD) matrix for CLZ loading and release and evaluated its physicochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial characteristics. The resulting material was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), while CLZ release was evaluated using kinetic models. The experimentally determined CLZ loading was 41.8 mg/g, corresponding to a loading efficiency of 20.9% relative to the initially added drug. After 180 min, the cumulative amount released reached 29.81 mg/g, corresponding to 71.32% of the loaded CLZ. The release profile was adequately described by the Weibull model (R² = 0.99394), which provided a useful empirical description of the observed release behavior. FTIR analysis showed changes in the relative contributions of oxygen-containing functional-group regions after modification, while TG/DTG demonstrated an altered thermal profile of the CLZ-loaded material compared with the individual components; these findings were interpreted as supportive rather than definitive evidence of drug-matrix interactions. DPPH radical-scavenging activity was 41.82 ± 1.07% for LIG and 50.32 ± 1.05% for LCD-CLZ; however, because the samples were tested at different concentrations, these values were not interpreted as demonstrating an intrinsic enhancement of antioxidant potency. Under the agar-diffusion conditions, LCD-CLZ produced measurable inhibition against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>, whereas no effective inhibition was observed against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Overall, the results support further investigation of the LIG/HP-β-CD matrix as a potential platform for CLZ loading and release, while additional structural, biocompatibility, and formulation-specific studies are required before pharmaceutical application can be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Interfacial Adhesion and Dynamic Seawater Durability of Basalt Fiber/Epoxy Composites via PDA-Assisted In Situ Growth of UiO-66-NH₂.","authors":"Yingquan Zhou, Guoqian Xie, Bin Wang, Chunxia Zhao, Hui Li, Dong Xiang","doi":"10.3390/polym18192425","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Durable basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) composites are needed for marine and offshore structures, where seawater exposure and hydrodynamic shear progressively degrade the fiber-matrix interface. To address this challenge, a hierarchical polydopamine (PDA)/UiO-66-NH₂ interphase was constructed on basalt fibers through PDA-assisted in situ growth. PDA served as an adhesive interlayer and nucleation platform, enabling dense anchoring of UiO-66-NH₂ crystals. Compared with that of unmodified fibers, the optimized interface increased single-fiber tensile strength by 23.9% and interfacial shear strength by 67.9%. At the laminate level, flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength increased by 43.5% and 44.6%, respectively, accompanied by a transition from interfacial debonding to predominantly resin cohesive failure. Under dynamic simulated-seawater exposure, the modified composites showed lower mass change and improved mechanical property retention. The enhanced performance is attributed to improved interfacial interactions, micro-/nanoscale mechanical interlocking, and delayed ingress of corrosive species. This work provides an interface engineering strategy for mechanically robust and seawater-durable BFRP composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Chiral Arm Angle on the Stiffness, Auxeticity and Energy Absorption of Polyamide-12 Tetra-Chiral Lattices Under Quasi-Static Compression: A Numerical Baseline Study.","authors":"Volkan Arıkan, Cenk Yanen","doi":"10.3390/polym18192427","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chiral auxetic lattices convert axial loading into node rotation, producing negative Poisson's ratios and high energy absorption. This purely numerical study establishes a quasi-static baseline for additively manufacturable polyamide-12 (PA12) tetra-chiral lattices in which the chiral arm angle (0-90°) is treated as a design variable; no experiments were performed, and the model is verified rather than validated. Geometrically non-linear elastoplastic finite element analyses with a data-sheet-derived bilinear PA12 card and frictional self-contact were carried to 20% nominal strain and supported by mesh convergence, seeded-imperfection and friction sensitivity studies, a full-field lateral-strain measure and a refined sweep at 5° resolution. The arm angle switches the response between a stretch-dominated non-auxetic regime (0°, 50-90°) and a rotation-dominated auxetic regime (15-45°) whose lateral kinematics are not sensitive to mesh density, friction and seeded imperfections. The 15° lattice maximizes stiffness and peak force but is an isolated spike in the refined sweep, exhibits a collapse-mode bifurcation whose branch is selected by the discretization, and reaches the PA12 ductility limit after 3.5 mm of stroke. The 30° architecture sustains 9.4 mm before fracture onset and delivers the highest damage-bounded specific energy absorption of the auxetic window (820 J/kg on the baseline mesh), emerging as the design optimum.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simple Method for Polymer Screening for Selection of Food Packaging Material.","authors":"Costas Tsioptsias, Konstantina Konstantopoulou, Karmen Nanakou","doi":"10.3390/polym18192426","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The requirements and specifications of food packaging materials are continuously increasing, e.g., due to new regulations. Selection of a proper material is a multi-criteria decision, and various aspects must be considered. In this work, a simple methodology is proposed for polymer screening for food packaging applications. The methodology accounts for migration risk and permeability to oxygen and volatile flavor compounds based on the Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSPs). In addition, the glass transition temperature (T_g), as well as the storage temperature of the food and the maximum exposure temperature of the material (e.g., in the case of hot filling), are taken into account. Based on these data, for a given food and for each polymer, five sub-scores are calculated. For a given food, 22 polymers are ranked according to their total score, which is derived as the sum of the five sub-scores. However, the final material selection is not based solely on the total score, since the sub-scores provide insights regarding the specific advantages and disadvantages of each polymer to be used as packaging for a given food. The proposed methodology can assist in recognizing proper candidate polymers, exclude polymers that for a given food would be clearly unsuitable and even design multi-layered composites with improved properties. One of the basic assumptions of the proposed methodology is that food-polymer interactions are important for assessing migration risk. Migration tests in two different food simulants were used for a preliminary support of this assumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conductive Alginate-Carbon-Black Bioanode for Immediate Microbial Electrolysis Cell Operation.","authors":"Abhishiktha Chiliveru, Vamshi Krishna Bommagani, Avinash Jukanti, Irina Amar Dubrovin, Alex Schechter, Rivka Cahan","doi":"10.3390/polym18192428","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym18192428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated alginate-immobilized planktonic electroactive bacteria directly coated onto a carbon-felt anode as an alternative bioanode configuration without prolonged biofilm development. Carbon-black (CB) nanoparticles were incorporated into the alginate matrix to enhance conductivity and facilitate extracellular electron transfer (EET). The electrochemical performance of alginate-immobilized <i>Shewanella oneidensis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> was systematically evaluated by examining the effects of bacterial density and CB-nanoparticle loading. For both bacterial systems, the optimal bacterial density was OD₆₀₀ 0.5. At this bacterial density, <i>S. oneidensis</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> achieved current densities of 4.08 ± 0.18 and 1.93 ± 0.18 A/m², respectively. The incorporation of CB-nanoparticles significantly enhanced electrochemical performance with an optimal loading of 3 mg. Under these conditions, the current densities increased to 5.24 ± 0.31 A/m² for <i>S. oneidensis</i> and 3.34 ± 0.25 A/m² for <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, accompanied by a reduction in charge transfer resistance. SEM analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of bacterial cells and CB-nanoparticles within the alginate matrix. The enhanced electrochemical performance was attributed to conductive pathways formed by CB-nanoparticles, which facilitated electron transfer between the immobilized bacterial cells and the anode. Overall, these findings demonstrated the potential of conductive alginate+carbon-black anodes to provide effective strategies for improving EET.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}