Polymers最新文献_第3页

Modeling and Compensation Methods for Trajectory Errors in Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using 3D Printing. 基于3D打印的连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料轨迹误差建模与补偿方法。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131865

Manxian Liu, Sheng Qu, Shuo Li, Xiaoqiang Yan, Wei Li, Yesong Wang

{"title":"Modeling and Compensation Methods for Trajectory Errors in Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using 3D Printing.","authors":"Manxian Liu, Sheng Qu, Shuo Li, Xiaoqiang Yan, Wei Li, Yesong Wang","doi":"10.3390/polym17131865","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131865","url":null,"abstract":"Defects arising from the 3D printing process of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites primarily hinder their overall performance. These defects particularly include twisting, folding, and breakage of the fiber bundle, which are induced by printing trajectory errors. This study presents a follow-up theory assumption to address such issues, elucidates the formation mechanism of printing trajectory errors, and examines the impact of key geometric parameters-trace curvature, nozzle diameter, and fiber bundle diameter-on these errors. An error model for printing trajectory is established, accompanied by the proposal of a trajectory error compensation method premised on maximum printable curvature. The presented case study uses CCFRF/PA as an exemplar; here, the printing layer height is 0.1~0.3 mm, the fiber bundle radius is 0.2 mm, and the printing speed is 600 mm/min. The maximum printing curvature, gauged by the printing trajectory of a clothoid, is found to be 0.416 mm-1. Experimental results demonstrate that the error model provides accurate predictions of the printed trajectory error, particularly when the printed trajectory forms an obtuse angle. The average prediction deviations for line profile, deviation kurtosis, and deviation area ratio are 36.029%, 47.238%, and 2.045%, respectively. The error compensation effectively mitigates the defects of fiber bundle folding and twisting, while maintaining the printing trajectory error within minimal range. These results indicate that the proposed method substantially enhances the internal defects of 3D printed components and may potentially be applied to other continuous fiber printing types.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quaternized Polysulfones as Matrix for the Development of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Coatings for Medical Devices. 季铵化聚砜作为基质用于医疗器械广谱抗菌涂层的开发。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131869

Oana Dumbrava, Irina Rosca, Daniela Ailincai, Luminita Marin

{"title":"Quaternized Polysulfones as Matrix for the Development of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Coatings for Medical Devices.","authors":"Oana Dumbrava, Irina Rosca, Daniela Ailincai, Luminita Marin","doi":"10.3390/polym17131869","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131869","url":null,"abstract":"The development and application of antimicrobial coatings has become increasingly important in both medical and industrial settings due to the rising threat of microbial contamination and antibiotic resistance. This paper focuses on the formulation, characterization, and investigation of coatings based on quaternized polysulfone, which are designed to encapsulate two broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs with complementary activity, amphotericin B (AmB) and norfloxacin (NFX), with the primary aim of inhibiting pathogen colonization on surgical instruments. Structural characterization using FTIR, 1H-NMR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, along with supramolecular analysis via X-ray diffraction and polarized optical microscopy (POM), revealed strong physical interactions between the drugs and the quaternized polysulfone matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed a uniform distribution of the antimicrobial agents within the polymeric matrix. Surface wettability, assessed through water contact angle measurements, indicated moderate hydrophilicity (70-90°). The coatings also exhibited notable antioxidant activity, showing a 12-fold increase in DPPH radical inhibition compared to the control. Furthermore, all formulations demonstrated strong antimicrobial efficacy against three reference strains frequently associated with hospital-acquired infections, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans, with inhibition zones ranging from 32 to 39.67 mm for bacterial strains and 13.86 to 20.86 mm for C. albicans. These data points indicate that these materials may be useful as antimicrobial coatings.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Tannin-NaCMC Compositions via DOE for Enhanced Carbon Yield and Strength in 3D-Printed Porous Carbon. 通过DOE优化单宁- nacmc成分以提高3d打印多孔碳的产碳率和强度。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131859

Wonseok Tae, Hao Cheng, Sangyou Kim, Yeongjun Lee, Wonsuk Jung

{"title":"Optimizing Tannin-NaCMC Compositions via DOE for Enhanced Carbon Yield and Strength in 3D-Printed Porous Carbon.","authors":"Wonseok Tae, Hao Cheng, Sangyou Kim, Yeongjun Lee, Wonsuk Jung","doi":"10.3390/polym17131859","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131859","url":null,"abstract":"We report the fabrication of lightweight porous carbon structures via UV-assisted photopolymerization molding using a commercial photocurable resin modified with natural tannin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as sustainable additives. A systematic analysis was conducted by applying a Design of Experiments (DOE) approach and regression modeling to evaluate the effects of varying blend compositions on carbon yield and mechanical strength. The results indicate that increasing the tannin content led to a maximum carbon yield of 13.43%, with an average porosity of approximately 80% and a compressive strength around 1 kPa. NaCMC was found to effectively control the resin viscosity within printable limits of 0.2537 Pa·s, although NaCMC indirectly improved carbonization efficiency through normalized yield analysis. This work highlights the synergistic role of bio-based polymers in tuning porous carbon properties. The findings provide a data-driven framework for designing sustainable polymer-derived carbon materials, bridging additive manufacturing with green chemistry.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Build Orientation on Surface Finish and Hydrodynamic Stability of Inkjet 3D-Printed Microfluidic Channels. 构建方向对喷墨3d打印微流体通道表面光洁度和流体动力学稳定性的影响。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131864

Emanuela Cutuli, Lorena Saitta, Nunzio Tuccitto, Gianluca Cicala, Maide Bucolo

{"title":"Effect of Build Orientation on Surface Finish and Hydrodynamic Stability of Inkjet 3D-Printed Microfluidic Channels.","authors":"Emanuela Cutuli, Lorena Saitta, Nunzio Tuccitto, Gianluca Cicala, Maide Bucolo","doi":"10.3390/polym17131864","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131864","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effect of build orientation on the surface finish of micro-optofludic (MoF) devices fabricated via a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based 3D-printing primary-secondary fabrication protocol, where an inkjet 3D-printing technique was implemented. The molds (i.e., primaries) for fabricating the MoF devices were 3D-printed in two orientations: along XY (Dev-1) and across YX (Dev-2) the printhead direction. Next, the surface finish was characterized using a profilometer to acquire the primary profile of the surface along the microchannel's edge. The results indicated that the build orientation had a strong influence on the latter, since Dev-1 displayed a tall and narrow Gaussian distribution for a channel width of 398.43 ± 0.29 µm; Dev-2 presented a slightly lower value of 393.74 ± 1.67 µm, characterized by a flat and broader distribution, highlighting greater variability due to more disruptive, orthogonally oriented, and striated patterns. These results were also confirmed by hydrodynamically testing the two MoF devices with an air-water slug flow process. A large experimental study was conducted by analyzing the mean period trend in the slug flow with respect to the imposed flow rate and build orientation. Dev-1 showed greater sensitivity to flow rate changes, attributed to its smoother, more consistent microchannel geometry. The slightly narrower average channel width in Dev-2 contributed to increased flow velocity at the expense of having worse discrimination capability at different flow rates. This study is relevant for optimizing 3D-printing strategies for the fabrication of high-performance microfluidic devices, where precise flow control is essential for applications in biomedical engineering, chemical processing, and lab-on-a-chip systems. These findings highlight the effect of microchannel morphology in tuning a system's sensitivity to flow rate modulation.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular Simulations of Interface-Driven Crosslinked Network Formation and Mechanical Response in Composite Propellants. 复合推进剂界面驱动交联网络形成和力学响应的分子模拟。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131863

Chen Ling, Xinke Zhang, Xin Li, Guozhu Mou, Xiang Guo, Bing Yuan, Kai Yang

{"title":"Molecular Simulations of Interface-Driven Crosslinked Network Formation and Mechanical Response in Composite Propellants.","authors":"Chen Ling, Xinke Zhang, Xin Li, Guozhu Mou, Xiang Guo, Bing Yuan, Kai Yang","doi":"10.3390/polym17131863","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131863","url":null,"abstract":"Composite solid propellants, which serve as the core energetic materials in aerospace and military propulsion systems, necessitate tailored enhancement of their mechanical properties to ensure operational safety and stability. A critical challenge involves elucidating the interfacial interactions among the multiple propellant components (≥6 components, including the polymer binder HTPB, curing agent IPDI, oxidizer particles AP/Al, bonding agents MAPO/T313, plasticizer DOS, etc.) and their influence on crosslinked network formation. In this study, we propose an integrated computational framework that combines coarse-grained simulations with reactive force fields to investigate these complex interactions at the molecular level. Our approach successfully elucidates the two-step reaction mechanism propagating along the AP interface in multicomponent propellants, comprising interfacial self-polymerization of bonding agents followed by the participation of curing agents in crosslinked network formation. Furthermore, we assess the mechanical performance through tensile simulations, systematically investigating both defect formation near the interface and the influence of key parameters, including the self-polymerization time, HTPB chain length, and IPDI content. Our results indicate that the rational selection of parameters enables the optimization of mechanical properties (e.g., ~20% synchronous improvement in tensile modulus and strength, achieved by selecting a side-chain ratio of 20%, a DOS molar ratio of 2.5%, a MAPO:T313 ratio of 1:2, a self-polymerization MAPO time of 260 ns, etc.). Overall, this study provides molecular-level insights into the structure-property relationships of composite propellants and offers a valuable computational framework for guided formulation optimization in propellant manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Recycling and UV Ageing on the Properties of PLA-Based Materials Used in Additive Manufacturing. 回收和UV老化对增材制造用pla基材料性能的影响。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131862

Petr Jirků, Miroslav Muller, Rajesh Kumar Mishra, Jaroslava Svobodová

{"title":"Effect of Recycling and UV Ageing on the Properties of PLA-Based Materials Used in Additive Manufacturing.","authors":"Petr Jirků, Miroslav Muller, Rajesh Kumar Mishra, Jaroslava Svobodová","doi":"10.3390/polym17131862","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131862","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the possibility of using biodegradable polymer-composite materials in additive manufacturing via fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing. The main objective was to experimentally verify the technical feasibility of the repeated use of recycled PLA and PLA composites containing 10% natural coffee-ground (CG) filler in a print-degradation-recycling-print cycle. Special attention was paid to simulated ultraviolet radiation as a degradation factor affecting the materials' mechanical properties. Pure PLA and PLA_CG were compared at four levels of degradation time and after subsequent recycling. The results show that the inclusion of coffee-ground filler slightly reduces the initial strength but enhances the 3D-printed material's resistance to UV degradation and thus extends its functional service life. Unlike pure PLA, which loses its processability after 12 weeks, PLA_CG retains structural integrity and mechanical functionality. The research confirms the potential of recycled PLA composites with natural fillers for sustainable manufacturing and supports their use within a circular economy framework.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictive Modelling and Optimisation of Rubber Blend Mixing Using a General Regression Neural Network. 基于广义回归神经网络的橡胶共混料预测建模与优化。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131868

Ivan Kopal, Ivan Labaj, Juliána Vršková, Marta Harničárová, Jan Valíček, Alžbeta Bakošová, Hakan Tozan, Ashish Khanna

{"title":"Predictive Modelling and Optimisation of Rubber Blend Mixing Using a General Regression Neural Network.","authors":"Ivan Kopal, Ivan Labaj, Juliána Vršková, Marta Harničárová, Jan Valíček, Alžbeta Bakošová, Hakan Tozan, Ashish Khanna","doi":"10.3390/polym17131868","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131868","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an intelligent predictive system designed to support real-time decision making in the control of rubber blend mixing processes. The core of the system is a General Regression Neural Network (GRNN), which accurately predicts key process parameters, such as viscosity (expressed as torque), temperature, and energy consumption across varying masses of the processed material. The model can evaluate the mixing progress based on the initial 10% of input data, allowing early intervention and process optimisation. Experimental validation was conducted using a Brabender Plastograph EC Plus with a natural rubber-based blend in the mass range of 60-75 g. The GRNN kernel width parameter (σ) was optimised through a 10-fold cross-validation. High predictive accuracy was confirmed by values of the coefficient of determination (R2) approaching 1, and consistently low values of the root mean square error (RMSE). This system offers a robust and scalable solution for intelligent process control, productivity enhancement, and quality assurance across diverse industrial applications, beyond rubber blending.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Characterization of Self-Adhesive Polymeric Films with Antiallergic Effect. 抗过敏自粘高分子薄膜的研制与表征。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131867

Ioana Savencu, Sonia Iurian, Cătălina Bogdan, Valentin Toma, Rareș Știufiuc, Ioan Tomuță

{"title":"Development and Characterization of Self-Adhesive Polymeric Films with Antiallergic Effect.","authors":"Ioana Savencu, Sonia Iurian, Cătălina Bogdan, Valentin Toma, Rareș Știufiuc, Ioan Tomuță","doi":"10.3390/polym17131867","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131867","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to design self-adhesive cutaneous films with an antiallergic effect using a Design of Experiments approach. The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH). A full factorial experimental design with three factors and two levels was created. The factors were the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ratio, the polyacrylic acid (PAA) ratio, and the type of plasticizer. The responses evaluated were hardness, deformation at hardness, adhesive force, and in vitro DPH release profile. Eleven formulations were generated, prepared in two steps via solvent casting, and characterized in terms of mechanical and adhesive properties, as well as the in vitro DPH release profile. The PVA ratio had the most significant impact on the responses, followed by PEG 400 and PEG 4000. Four film formulations were investigated using Raman spectroscopy, which revealed that the API was distributed in both the base and adhesive layers. Consequently, an optimal formulation was prepared and characterized. Good mechanical properties (a hardness of 463.7 g and a deformation at hardness of 16.56 mm) and an increased adhesive force (76 g) were observed, while the DPH was released up to 68% over 12 h. In conclusion, a novel self-adhesive film was developed, which may enhance patients' adherence to local antiallergic treatment.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chitosan and Cashew Nut Shell Liquid as Sustainable Additives: Enhancing Starch Digestibility and Reducing Methane Emissions in High-Grain Diets for Feedlot Cattle. 壳聚糖和腰果壳液作为可持续添加剂：提高饲料牛高粒饲粮淀粉消化率和减少甲烷排放

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131860

Raquel Tenório de Oliveira, Rafael Henrique de Tonissi E Buschinelli de Goes, Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra, Fernanda Naiara Fogaça da Cruz, Nayara Gonçalves da Silva, Lara de Souza Oliveira, Jaqueline Luiza Royer, Lucas Gabriel Batista Domiciano, Tainá Lorraine Pereira Azevedo, Carolina Marques Costa Araújo

{"title":"Chitosan and Cashew Nut Shell Liquid as Sustainable Additives: Enhancing Starch Digestibility and Reducing Methane Emissions in High-Grain Diets for Feedlot Cattle.","authors":"Raquel Tenório de Oliveira, Rafael Henrique de Tonissi E Buschinelli de Goes, Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra, Fernanda Naiara Fogaça da Cruz, Nayara Gonçalves da Silva, Lara de Souza Oliveira, Jaqueline Luiza Royer, Lucas Gabriel Batista Domiciano, Tainá Lorraine Pereira Azevedo, Carolina Marques Costa Araújo","doi":"10.3390/polym17131860","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131860","url":null,"abstract":"Chitosan and technical cashew nutshell liquid (CNSLt) have emerged as promising natural compounds due to their antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and fermentation-modulating properties. This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of chitosan and CNSLt as potential substitutes for the ionophore monensin on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen balance, and microbial protein synthesis in steers. Five crossbred steers (Bos taurus), 18 months old with an average body weight of approximately 350 kg and fitted with permanent ruminal cannulas, were assigned to a 5 × 5 Latin square design. The experimental diets consisted of: (1) control (CON), (2) monensin (MON; 25 mg/kg of dry matter [DM]), (3) chitosan (CHI; ≥850 g/kg deacetylation degree, 375 mg/kg DM), (4) CNSLt (500 mg/kg DM), and (5) CNSLt + CHI (500 + 375 mg/kg DM). Supplementation with CHI or CNSLt + CHI reduced the intake of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber. Additionally, fecal excretion of whole corn kernels increased in these treatments. Ruminal fermentation parameters were affected, with the CNSLt + CHI treatment promoting higher molar proportions of propionate and acetate, along with reduced estimated methane emissions. However, purine derivatives, microbial protein synthesis, and nitrogen balance were not significantly affected by any of the treatments. These results suggest that CNSLt and CHI, particularly when combined, may serve as effective natural alternatives to monensin in high-grain diets for ruminants.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Next-Generation Nafion Membranes: Synergistic Enhancement of Electrochemical Performance and Thermomechanical Stability with Sulfonated Siliceous Layered Material (sSLM). 新一代钠离子膜：与磺化硅质层状材料（sSLM）协同增强电化学性能和热机械稳定性。

IF 4.7 3区工程技术

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/polym17131866

Valeria Loise, Cataldo Simari

{"title":"Next-Generation Nafion Membranes: Synergistic Enhancement of Electrochemical Performance and Thermomechanical Stability with Sulfonated Siliceous Layered Material (sSLM).","authors":"Valeria Loise, Cataldo Simari","doi":"10.3390/polym17131866","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131866","url":null,"abstract":"Nafion, while a benchmark proton exchange membrane (PEM) for fuel cells, suffers from significant performance degradation at elevated temperatures and low humidity due to dehydration and diminished mechanical stability. To address these limitations, this study investigated the development and characterization of Nafion nanocomposite membranes incorporating sulfonated silica layered materials (sSLMs). The inherent lamellar structure, high surface area, and abundant sulfonic acid functionalities of sSLMs were leveraged to synergistically enhance membrane properties. Our results demonstrate that sSLM incorporation significantly improved ion exchange capacity, water uptake, and dimensional stability, leading to superior water retention and self-diffusion at higher temperatures. Critically, the nanocomposite membranes exhibited remarkably enhanced proton conductivity, particularly under demanding conditions of 120 C and low relative humidity (i.e., 20% RH), where filler-free Nafion largely ceases to conduct. Single H2/O2 fuel cell tests confirmed these enhancements, with the optimal sSLM-Nafion nanocomposite membrane (N-sSLM5) achieving a two-fold power density improvement over pristine Nafion at 120 C and 20% RH (340 mW cm-2 vs. 117 mW cm-2 for Nafion). These findings underscore the immense potential of sSLM as a functional filler for fabricating robust and high-performance PEMs, paving the way for the next generation of fuel cells capable of operating efficiently under more challenging environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0