Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Colorless Polyimides with Low Linear Coefficients of Thermal Expansion and Their Controlled Soft Adhesion/Easy Removability on Glass Substrates: Role of Modified One-Pot Polymerization Method.","authors":"Masatoshi Hasegawa, Takehiro Shinoda, Kanata Nakadai, Junichi Ishii, Tetsuo Okuyama, Kaya Tokuda, Hiroyuki Wakui, Naoki Watanabe, Kota Kitamura","doi":"10.3390/polym17131887","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents colorless polyimides (PIs) suitable for use as plastic substrates in flexible displays, designed to be compatible with controlled soft adhesion and easy delamination (temporary adhesion) processes. For this purpose, we focused on a PI system derived from norbornane-2-spiro-α-cyclopentanone-α'-spiro-2″-norbornane-5,5″,6,6″-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (CpODA) and 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFMB). This system was selected with the aim of exhibiting excellent optical transparency and low linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) properties. However, fabricating this PI film via the conventional two-step process was challenging because of crack formation. In contrast, modified one-pot polymerization at 200 °C using a combined catalyst resulted in a homogeneous solution of PI with an exceptionally high molecular weight, yielding a flexible cast film. The solubility of PI plays a crucial role in its success. This study delves into the mechanism behind the significant catalytic effect on enhancing molecular weight. The CpODA/TFMB PI cast film simultaneously achieved very high optical transparency, an extremely high glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>_g = 411 °C), a significantly low linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE = 16.7 ppm/K), and sufficient film toughness, despite the trade-off between low CTE and high film toughness. The CpODA/TFMB system was modified by copolymerization with minor contents of another cycloaliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 5,5'-(1,4-phenylene)-<i>exo</i>-bis(hexahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofuran-<i>cis-exo</i>-1,3-dione) (BzDAxx). This approach was effective in improving the film toughness without sacrificing the low CTE and other target properties. The peel strengths (<i>σ</i>_peel) of laminates comprising surface-modified glass substrates and various colorless PI films were measured to evaluate the compatibility with the temporary adhesion process. Most colorless PI films studied were found to be incompatible. Additionally, no correlation between <i>σ</i>_peel and PI structure was observed, making it challenging to identify the structural factors influencing <i>σ</i>_peel control. Surprisingly, a strong correlation was observed between <i>σ</i>_peel and CTE of the PI films, suggesting that the observed solid-solid lamination is closely linked to the unexpectedly high surface mobility of the PI films. The laminate using CpODA(90);BzDAxx(10)/TFMB copolymer exhibited suitable adhesion strength for the temporary adhesion process, while meeting other target properties. The modified one-pot polymerization method significantly contributed to the development of colorless PIs suitable for plastic substrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life Cycle Assessment of Flax Fiber Technical Embroidery-Reinforced Composite.","authors":"Andrzej Marcinkowski, Agata Poniecka, Marcin Barburski","doi":"10.3390/polym17131888","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to compare the environmental impact of composites reinforced with flax fiber technical embroidery and traditional woven fabric in order to provide conclusions supporting composite manufacturer management in making technology selection decisions. The research objectives are to identify the key stages in the life cycle of composites, from raw material acquisition to end-of-life; determine the environmental impact of each stage, with a particular focus on processes with the largest contribution to overall result; compare the environmental impact of embroidery-reinforced composites with traditional woven fabric-reinforced composites; propose strategies to minimize the negative environmental impact of composites, including modifying the component set and optimizing the production process. The method involves experimental research including the production of technical embroidery-based composites with varying stitch lengths and woven fabric-reinforced composites. The tensile strength of the composites was evaluated. Subsequently, life cycle assessment was conducted for each material according to the relevant ISO standards. The results presented in this paper provide a comprehensive assessment of the environmental performance of technical embroidery-reinforced composites and identify directions for future research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Durability of CFRP Strips Used in Infrastructure Rehabilitation.","authors":"Karunya Kanagavel, Vistasp M Karbhari","doi":"10.3390/polym17131886","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prefabricated unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite strips are extensively used as a means of infrastructure rehabilitation through adhesive bonding to the external surface of structural concrete elements. Most data to date are from laboratory tests ranging from a few months to 1-2 years providing an insufficient dataset for prediction of long-term durability. This investigation focuses on the assessment of the response of three different prefabricated CFRP systems exposed to water, seawater, and alkaline solutions for 5 years of immersion in deionized water conducted at three temperatures of 23, 37.8 and 60 °C, all well below the glass transition temperature levels. Overall response is characterized through tensile and short beam shear (SBS) testing at periodic intervals. It is noted that while the three systems are similar, with the dominant mechanisms of deterioration being related to matrix plasticization followed by fiber-matrix debonding with levels of matrix and interface deterioration being accelerated at elevated temperatures, their baseline characteristics and distributions are different emphasizing the need for greater standardization. While tensile modulus does not degrade appreciably over the 5-year period of exposure with final levels of deterioration being between 7.3 and 11.9%, both tensile strength and SBS strength degrade substantially with increasing levels based on temperature and time of immersion. Levels of tensile strength retention can be as low as 61.8-66.6% when immersed in deionized water at 60 °C, those for SBS strength can be 38.4-48.7% at the same immersion condition for the three FRP systems. Differences due to solution type are wider in the short-term and start approaching asymptotic levels within FRP systems at longer periods of exposure. The very high levels of deterioration in SBS strength indicate the breakdown of the materials at the fiber-matrix bond and interfacial levels. It is shown that the level of deterioration exceeds that presumed through design thresholds set by specific codes/standards and that new safety factors are warranted in addition to expanding the set of characteristics studied to include SBS or similar interface-level tests. Alkali solutions are also shown to have the highest deteriorative effects with deionized water having the least. Simple equations are developed to enable extrapolation of test data to predict long term durability and to develop design thresholds based on expectations of service life with an environmental factor of between 0.56 and 0.69 for a 50-year expected service life.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Characterization of LL37 Antimicrobial-Peptide-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: An Antimicrobial Sustained Release System.","authors":"Fazilet Canatan Ergün, Meltem Demirel Kars, Gökhan Kars","doi":"10.3390/polym17131884","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CSNPs synthesized via the ionic gelation method have emerged as a promising nanoplatform in diverse fields such as pharmaceuticals, nanotechnology, and polymer science due to their biocompatibility, ease of fabrication, and tunable properties. This study focuses on the development and characterization of LL37-loaded CSNPs, designed to enhance antibacterial efficacy while maintaining biocompatibility. This study pioneers a systematic loading optimization approach by evaluating the encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of antimicrobial peptide LL37 across multiple concentrations (7.5, 15, and 30 µg/mL), thereby identifying the formulation that maximizes peptide incorporation while preserving controlled release characteristics. The multi-concentration analysis establishes a new methodological benchmark for peptide delivery system development. To achieve this, CSNPs were optimized for size and stability by adjusting parameters such as the chitosan concentration, pH, and stabilizer. LL37, a potent antimicrobial peptide, was successfully encapsulated into CSNPs at concentrations of 7.5, 15, and 30 µg/mL, yielding formulations with favorable physicochemical properties. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta sizer analyses revealed that blank CSNPs exhibited an average particle size of 180.40 ± 2.16 nm, a zeta potential (ZP) of +40.57 ± 1.82 mV, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.289. In contrast, 15-LL37-CSNPs demonstrated an increased size of 210.9 ± 2.59 nm with an enhanced zeta potential of +51.21 ± 0.93 mV, indicating an improved stability and interaction potential. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analyses exhibited the round shaped morphology of nanoparticles. The release profile of LL37 exhibited a concentration-dependent rate and showed the best fit with the first-order kinetic model. Cytocompatibility assessments using the XTT assay confirmed that both blank and LL37-loaded CSNPs did not exhibit cytotoxicity on keratinocyte cells across a range of concentrations (150 µg/mL to 0.29 µg/mL). Notably, LL37-loaded CSNPs demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>, with the 15-LL37-CSNP formulation exhibiting superior efficacy. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of LL37-CSNPs as a versatile antibacterial delivery system with applications in drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Synthesis of Highly Efficient Antimicrobial Quaternary Ammonium Pyridine Resin and Its Application in Drinking Water Treatment.","authors":"Huaicheng Zhang, Haolin Liu, Wei Wang, Fengxia Dong, Yanting Zuo, Shouqiang Huang, Daqian Zhang, Ji Wu, Shi Cheng, Aimin Li","doi":"10.3390/polym17131885","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multifunctional water-treatment materials urgently need to be developed to avoid normal organic matter, inorganic anions, resistant bacteria, and hazardous disinfection by-products in conventional drinking water treatment strategies. While quaternary ammonium pyridine resins (QAPRs) possess porous adsorption structures and incorporate antibacterial groups, enabling simultaneous water disinfection and purification, their limited bactericidal efficacy hinders broader utilization. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the structure-dependent antimicrobial mechanism in QAPRs is crucial for improving their antibacterial performance. Hexyl (C₆) was proved to be the optimal antibacterial alkyl in the QAPRs. A new antibacterial quaternary ammonium pyridine resin Py-61 was prepared by more surficial bactericidal N⁺ groups and higher efficient antibacterial hexyl, performing with the excellent antibacterial efficiency of 99.995%, far higher than the traditional resin Py-6C (89.53%). The antibacterial resin Py-61 completed the disinfection of sand-filtered water independently to produce safe drinking water, removing the viable bacteria from 3600 to 17 CFU/mL, which meets the drinking water standard of China in GB5749-2022 (<100 CFU/mL). Meanwhile, the contaminants in sand-filtered water were obviously removed by the resin Py-61, including anions and dissolved organic matter (DOM). The resin Py-61 can be regenerated by 15% NaCl solution, and keeps the reused antibacterial efficiency of >99.97%. As an integrated disinfection-purification solution, the novel antibacterial resin presents a promising alternative for enhancing safety in drinking water treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Gelatin-Based Film with Acerola Pulp: Production, Characterization, and Application in the Stability of Meat Products.","authors":"Vitor Augusto Dos Santos Garcia, Giovana de Menezes Rodrigues, Victória Munhoz Monteiro, Rosemary Aparecida de Carvalho, Camila da Silva, Cristiana Maria Pedroso Yoshida, Silvia Maria Martelli, José Ignacio Velasco, Farayde Matta Fakhouri","doi":"10.3390/polym17131882","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this work was to produce and characterize active gelatin-acerola packaging films based on gelatin incorporated with different concentrations of acerola pulp and applied to evaluate the stability of meat products in packaging. The active films were produced by casting using gelatin (5%), sorbitol (0,1%), and acerola pulp (60, 70, 80, and 90%). The characterization of the acerola pulp was carried out. Visual aspects, thickness, pH, water vapor permeability, and total phenolic compounds were characterized in the films. The commercial acerola pulp presented the characteristics within the identity and quality standards. A good film formation capacity was obtained in all formulations, presenting the color parameters tending to red coloration, characteristic of the acerola pulp. The total phenolic compounds content ranged from 2.88 ± 70.24 to 3.94 ± 96.05 mg GAE/100 g, with 90 g of acerola pulp per 100 g of filmogenic solution. This film formulation was selected to apply in a vacuum pack of beef and chicken samples, analyzing the weight loss, color parameters, pH, water holding capacity, shear strength after 9 days of refrigeration storage, and soil biodegradability. Additionally, beef and chicken (in nature) were stored under the same conditions without using the wrapping film. The beef and chicken samples showed greater water retention capacity and color maintenance over the storage period compared to the control (without film addition). This way, active gelatin-acerola films can be considered a sustainable packaging alternative to preserve meat products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Intelligent Wound Care: Hydrogel-Based Wearable Monitoring and Therapeutic Platforms.","authors":"Yan Niu, Ziyao Zhao, Lihong Yang, Dan Lv, Rui Sun, Ting Zhang, Yuhan Li, Qianqian Bao, Mingqing Zhang, Lanzhong Wang, Wei Yan, Fei Han, Biwei Yan","doi":"10.3390/polym17131881","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic wounds present clinical challenges due to persistent inflammation, infection, and dysregulated tissue repair, often exacerbated by the passive nature of conventional wound dressings. Recent advancements in hydrogel-based wearable technologies have transformed these biomaterials into multifunctional platforms capable of integrating real-time monitoring and targeted therapy, ushering in a new era of intelligent wound care. In this review, we show innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, including wound-monitoring devices and multifunctional healing-promoted platforms, highlighting integrated closed-loop systems that dynamically adapt treatments to wound microenvironments, thus merging diagnostics and therapeutics. Challenges in fabrication engineering and clinical application are discussed, alongside emerging trends like AI-driven analytics and 3D-bioprinted technology. By bridging fragmented research, this work underscores the potential of hydrogels to enable intelligent wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Energy Absorption Performance of 3D-Printed CF/TPU Composite Materials by Introducing a \"Rigid-Elastic\" Structure Through Multi-Scale Synergies.","authors":"Xuanyu Zhou, He Ouyang, Yuan Zhang, Ziqiang Zhu, Zhen Wang, Zirui Cheng, Yubing Hu, Yanan Zhang","doi":"10.3390/polym17131880","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) combines elastomeric and thermoplastic properties but suffers from insufficient rigidity and strength for structural applications. Herein, we developed novel carbon fiber-reinforced TPU (CF/TPU) composites filaments and utilize melt extrusion for 3D printing to maintain elasticity, while achieving enhanced stiffness and strength through multi scale-the control of fiber content and optimization of printing parameters, reaching a rigid-elastic balance. A systematic evaluation of CF content (0-25%) and printing parameters revealed optimal performance to be at 220-230 °C and 40 mm/s for ensuring proper flow to wet fibers without polymer degradation. Compared with TPU, 20% CF/TPU exhibited 63.65%, 105.51%, and 93.69% improvements in tensile, compressive, and impact strength, respectively, alongside 70.88% and 72.92% enhancements in compression and impact energy absorption. This work establishes a fundamental framework for developing rigid-elastic hybrid materials with tailored energy absorption capabilities through rational material design and optimized additive manufacturing processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Chemical Heterogeneity in Electrospun Fibers Through Hyperspectral Raman Imaging Using Open-Source Software.","authors":"Omar E Uribe-Juárez, Luis A Silva Valdéz, Flor Ivon Vivar Velázquez, Fidel Montoya-Molina, José A Moreno-Razo, María G Flores-Sánchez, Juan Morales-Corona, Roberto Olayo-González","doi":"10.3390/polym17131883","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrospinning is a versatile technique for producing porous nanofibers with a high specific surface area, making them ideal for several tissue engineering applications. Although Raman spectroscopy has been widely employed to characterize electrospun materials, but most studies report bulk-averaged properties without addressing the spatial heterogeneity of their chemical composition. Raman imaging has emerged as a promising tool to overcome this limitation; however, challenges remain, including limited sensitivity for detecting minor components, reliance on distinctive high-intensity bands, and the frequent use of commercial software. In this study, we present a methodology based on Raman hyperspectral image processing using open-source software (Python), capable of identifying components present at concentrations as low as 2% and 5%, even in the absence of exclusive bands of high or medium intensity, respectively. The proposed approach integrates spectral segmentation, end member extraction via the N-FINDR algorithm, and analysis of average spectra to map and characterize the chemical heterogeneity within electrospun fibers. Finally, its performance is compared with the traditional approach based on band intensities, highlighting improvements in sensitivity and the detection of weak signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Magnetically Charged Grafts for Vascular Repair: Process Optimization, Mechanical Characterization and In Vitro Validation.","authors":"Iriczalli Cruz-Maya, Roberto De Santis, Luciano Lanotte, Vincenzo Guarino","doi":"10.3390/polym17131877","DOIUrl":"10.3390/polym17131877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last decade, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted much attention for the implementation of non-invasive approaches suitable for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases. In this work, the optimization of novel vascular grafts loaded with Nickel-based nanoparticles via electrospinning is proposed. Two different polycarbonate urethanes-i.e., Corethane A80 (COT) and Chronoflex AL80 (CHF)-were used to fabricate 3D electrospun nanocomposite grafts. SEM analysis showed a homogeneous distribution of fibers, with slight differences in terms of average diameters as a function of the polymer used-(1.14 ± 0.18) µm for COT, and (1.33 ± 0.23) µm for CHF-that tend to disappear in the presence of MNPs-(1.26 ± 0.19) µm and (1.26 ± 0.213) µm for COT/NPs and CHF/NPs, respectively. TGA analyses confirmed the higher ability of CHF to entrap MNPs in the fibers-18.25% with respect to 14.63% for COT-while DSC analyses suggested an effect of MNPs on short-range rearrangements of hard/soft micro-domains of CHF. Accordingly, mechanical tests confirmed a decay of mechanical strength in the presence of MNPs with some differences depending on the matrix-from (6.16 ± 0.33) MPa to (4.55 ± 0.2) MPa (COT), and from (3.67 ± 0.18) MPa to (2.97 ± 0.22) MPa (CNF). The in vitro response revealed that the presence of MNPs did not negatively affect cell viability after 7 days in in vitro culture, suggesting a promising use of these materials as smart vascular grafts able to support the actuation function of vessel wall muscles.</p>","PeriodicalId":20416,"journal":{"name":"Polymers","volume":"17 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12251946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}