Phytopathology最新文献_第3页

Realistic Scenarios of Phenotypic Variation and Errors in High-Throughput Phenotyping Experiments Minimally Impact the Results of Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping Analysis. 高通量表型实验中表型变异和错误的现实情况对QTL定位分析结果的影响最小。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0007-FI

Aliyah Brewer, Anna Underhill, Surya Sapkota, Chin-Feng Hwang, Summaira Riaz, Madeline Oravec, Lance Cadle-Davidson

{"title":"Realistic Scenarios of Phenotypic Variation and Errors in High-Throughput Phenotyping Experiments Minimally Impact the Results of Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping Analysis.","authors":"Aliyah Brewer, Anna Underhill, Surya Sapkota, Chin-Feng Hwang, Summaira Riaz, Madeline Oravec, Lance Cadle-Davidson","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0007-FI","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0007-FI","url":null,"abstract":"High-throughput phenotyping technologies increase the efficiency of breeding programs, but with larger datasets, errors can accumulate. Plant breeders often conduct quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, where large sample size and accurate quantitative response estimates are important for detecting small-effect QTLs. This study examined how phenotype error, inconsistency, and replication changed QTL magnitude and location. Three real sets of phenotype data were used from microscopy robot analysis of grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) severity, which previously resulted in discovery of large (R2 = 85%), intermediate (R2 = 45%), and small (R2 = 9%) effect QTLs. Custom R scripts were written to induce several realistic sources of error, inconsistency, and varied replication. The results were remarkably robust to these changes. Swapping or shifting 2% of samples or changing disease severity by 50% on one replicate had negligible impact on QTLs. Unreplicated simulations produced the largest logarithm of the odds score range (5.55 to 8.27) and mean logarithm of the odds score deviation (-1.72 to -3.22; Cohen's D = 1.48 to 2.12). The large-effect-size QTL (REN12) was always detected. The intermediate-effect-size QTL (REN13) was detected except when three of the eight replicates were analyzed individually. Even for the small-effect-size locus (NYVPLG9), error scenarios rarely (2 of 9,000 cases) eliminated significant QTL detection, versus no replication (9 of 10). Thus, the benefits of data volume associated with high-throughput phenotyping technologies outweigh the cost of the increased errors tested here. Instead, the focus should be on examining how each experimental replicate contributes to the results of the QTL mapping analysis.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"PHYTO01250007FI"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic Validation of the Infectious Full-Length Clone of Citrus Tristeza Virus for Its Use as a Viral Vector. 柑橘Tristeza病毒全长克隆作为病毒载体的转录组学验证。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-05-25-0181-R

Bradley T Dawson, Yagyaraj Joshi, Lamiaa M Mahmoud, Nabil Killiny

{"title":"Transcriptomic Validation of the Infectious Full-Length Clone of Citrus Tristeza Virus for Its Use as a Viral Vector.","authors":"Bradley T Dawson, Yagyaraj Joshi, Lamiaa M Mahmoud, Nabil Killiny","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-05-25-0181-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-05-25-0181-R","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) infection can induce significant changes in growth patterns and cellular differentiation in citrus species, with severe strains causing visible symptoms and damage. In contrast, mild strains may result in asymptomatic infections. The mild strain, CTV-T36, was used to build an infectious clone. However, the effects of CTV-T36-based infectious clone on the foliar transcriptome of citrus plants were not investigated. We studied the impact of the infectious clone on the leaf transcriptome of Citrus macrophylla. High-quality RNA-seq data were generated, yielding a total of 20,531 DEGs. Among these, only 218 genes were upregulated, and 383 genes were downregulated in plants inoculated with the CTV-T36-based infectious clone. Gene Ontology analysis highlighted significant enrichment in pathways related to oxidative stress response, redox regulation, and metal ion transport. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed key pathways affected by inoculation, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Significant changes in gene expression were observed in several categories, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, cell division, and cell wall biosynthesis. A comprehensive analysis of stress-related genes revealed adaptive responses, including increased expression of systemic acquired resistance-related proteins. Transcription factors involved in stress responses, development, and regulatory pathways were also differentially expressed. Overall, these alterations are limited (2.93% of gene reads) and thus validate the use of the infectious clone as an expression vector and/or as virus-induced gene silencing at least for concept proofing.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Quantitative Trait Loci for Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Resistance and Agronomic Traits in Wheat Cultivar 'Jagger' and Its Mutant 'JagR1097'. 小麦品种Jagger及其突变体JagR1097抗赤霉病数量性状位点及农艺性状的鉴定

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0100-R

Yuzhou Xu, Na Liu, Yang Liu, Lanfei Zhao, Lirong Zhang, Guixiao La, Dongtao Liu, Zhenqi Su, Amy Bernardo, Paul St Amand, Xiaomao Lin, Jin Cai, Xuan Xu, Guihua Bai

{"title":"Characterization of Quantitative Trait Loci for Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Resistance and Agronomic Traits in Wheat Cultivar 'Jagger' and Its Mutant 'JagR1097'.","authors":"Yuzhou Xu, Na Liu, Yang Liu, Lanfei Zhao, Lirong Zhang, Guixiao La, Dongtao Liu, Zhenqi Su, Amy Bernardo, Paul St Amand, Xiaomao Lin, Jin Cai, Xuan Xu, Guihua Bai","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0100-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0100-R","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium head blight (FHB) is devastated disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. To discover novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FHB resistance and study their relationships with agronomic traits, a linkage map of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers was constructed using F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from 'JagR1097' x 'Jagger'. Jagger is a popular hard winter wheat cultivar in U.S. Central Great Plains, and JagR1097 is a Jagger's mutant induced by ethyl methanesulfonate with significantly higher FHB resistance than Jagger. The two parents also differ in plant height (HT), heading date (HD), spike length (SL), spike compactness (SC) and spikelet number per spike (SNS). QTL analysis identified two FHB resistance QTLs on 4AL and 6AL chromosomes. QFhb-4AL showed a major effect on FHB resistance and explained up to 15.79% of the phenotypic variation. This QTL overlaps with a major QTL for plant HT, HD, SL and SNS. A fragment inversion between Jagger and 'Chinese Spring' was identified to overlap with QFhb-4AL, suggesting that using Chinese Spring as reference may not always provide accurate orientation for gene mapping in different cultivars. QTL clusters on chromosomes 2BS, 3DL, 4BS, 5AS, 5DL and 7AL were also identified for different agronomic traits. Jagger contributed FHB resistance and high SNS alleles at QFhb-4AL as well as high SNS alleles at QSns-5DL, whereas JagR1097 contributed high SNS alleles at QSns-2BS and QSns-7AL. Combining beneficial alleles of QTLs for spike traits and FHB resistance may simultaneously improve FHB resistance and yield in new cultivars.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Catalase Activity Contributes to the High Virulence of the Erwinia amylovora TS3128 Strain. 过氧化氢酶活性与淀粉欧文菌TS3128株高毒力有关。

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0010-R

Yoo-Seol Park, Jeong Ho Choi, Yeon Ju Kim, Do Hun Kim, Duck Hwan Park

{"title":"Catalase Activity Contributes to the High Virulence of the Erwinia amylovora TS3128 Strain.","authors":"Yoo-Seol Park, Jeong Ho Choi, Yeon Ju Kim, Do Hun Kim, Duck Hwan Park","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0010-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0010-R","url":null,"abstract":"One of the earlier responses among plant defenses against phytopathogens is an oxidative burst that rapidly produces reactive oxygen species (ROS). Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight in Rosaceous plants, induces ROS in host immunity and uses it to invade plant tissues. We hypothesized that detoxification capacity of H2O2 among ROS would vary among E. amylovora strains, affecting their survival and virulence in/on host plants. We identified E. amylovora TS3128 strain as having the highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by catalase activity compared to other strains (TS33125, ATCC15580, and LMG2068). This high catalase activity of TS3128 was correlated with the detoxification of exogenous H2O2 by high expression levels of catalase genes, katA and katG. However, the katA gene was observed to play a major role, as demonstrated by mutants lacking each gene. Finally, this process was confirmed to be related to the higher virulence of this strain compared to other strains in an immature apple fruit assay. We also confirmed that the high virulence of TS3128 was due to higher expression levels of catalase genes, the T3SS apparatus, and its effector gene under oxidative stress conditions. Our results reveal significant differences in catalase activity among the E. amylovora strains, correlating with their virulence levels through well-known virulence factors, amylovoran, and T3SS effector proteins in E. amylovora.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population Genetic Diversity and Structure of Venturia carpophila on Peach and Almond in the United States. 美国桃树和杏仁上嗜车文氏菌的种群遗传多样性和结构

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-11-24-0361-R

Clive H Bock, Chunxian Chen, Carolyn A Young, Nikki D Charlton, Guido Schnabel, Norman Lalancette, James Pitts, James E Adaskaveg, Phillip M Brannen

{"title":"Population Genetic Diversity and Structure of Venturia carpophila on Peach and Almond in the United States.","authors":"Clive H Bock, Chunxian Chen, Carolyn A Young, Nikki D Charlton, Guido Schnabel, Norman Lalancette, James Pitts, James E Adaskaveg, Phillip M Brannen","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-11-24-0361-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-11-24-0361-R","url":null,"abstract":"Scab of peach and almond is caused by Venturia carpophila, but little is known regarding the population genetics of the pathogen, which aids in understanding the epidemiology of the disease and guiding its management. Isolates (735) of V. carpophila were sampled from peach and almond orchards in the Eastern United States and California, respectively. The aims were to determine population genetic diversity and structure of V. carpophila, compare populations of the pathogen from each host, and determine mating type ratios. Measures of gene and genotypic diversity indicated greater diversity among peach as compared with almond populations of the pathogen. Mating types were consistently at equilibrium (clone corrected) for populations from peach, but none of the populations from almond were at equilibrium. The MAT1-1-1 idiomorph was at low frequency or absent from almond populations. All populations on both peach and almond exhibited linkage disequilibrium. Analysis of molecular variance showed structure (71.8% of variance at the scale of the tree and 25.3% at the scale of the geographic region or crop). A discriminant analysis of principal components showed that the peach and almond populations clustered as independent groups. The results suggest that on peach in the Southeastern United States, V. carpophila is a sexually reproducing pathogen, but on almond in California, it is likely asexual. The confounded factors of geographic location and crop host may have both contributed to population differentiation. Although more research is needed, these results have implications for our understanding of the disease epidemiology and management in the two regions.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"891-900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sugar Transporter GmSWEET20 Contributes to the Resistance of Soybean to Cyst Nematode. 糖转运蛋白GmSWEET20在大豆抗包囊线虫中的作用

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-02-25-0059-R

Bohong Wu, Yuan Zhou, Xueying Jia, Congyi Wang, Lijie Chen, Haiyan Fan, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiaoyu Liu, Ning Yang, Yuxi Duan, Yuanhu Xuan, Xiaofeng Zhu

{"title":"Sugar Transporter GmSWEET20 Contributes to the Resistance of Soybean to Cyst Nematode.","authors":"Bohong Wu, Yuan Zhou, Xueying Jia, Congyi Wang, Lijie Chen, Haiyan Fan, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiaoyu Liu, Ning Yang, Yuxi Duan, Yuanhu Xuan, Xiaofeng Zhu","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-02-25-0059-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-02-25-0059-R","url":null,"abstract":"SWEET (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter) proteins facilitate the movement of sugars through cell membranes and are essential for loading sucrose into phloem. Beyond its role in sugar transport, the SWEET protein also modulates plant resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Among sugar transporter genes, GmSWEET20 is a positive regulatory factor involved in soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) resistance. In this study, susceptible soybean cultivars (Williams 82) were used to conduct a transcriptome analysis to characterize the responses to nematode infection, in which multiple sugar transporter genes were highly expressed. The RT-qPCR analysis confirmed a significant increase in the expression of GmSWEET20 in soybean roots with H. glycines infection. Heterologous expression tests indicated that the protein encoded by GmSWEET20 does not transport hexose in yeast. Further analysis showed that soybean lines overexpressing GmSWEET20 exhibited increased resistance to H. glycines compared with the control. A yeast one-hybrid assay was employed to discover that LOC114390362 binds to the GmSWEET20 promoter. Transient expression in tobacco leaf cells revealed nucleus and cytosolic localization of LOC114390362. LOC114390362-overexpressing soybean lines showed a reduced number of nematode infections. Overall, the results indicate that the binding of LOC114390362 to the GmSWEET20 promoter plays a positive role in regulating soybean resistance to H. glycines. The GmSWEET20 gene has great potential to improve resistance to plant-parasitic nematodes in soybean and other plants.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"881-890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of Novel Basil Downy Mildew Resistance Genes Using De Novo Comparative Transcriptomics. 利用新的比较转录组学鉴定新的罗勒霜霉病抗性基因

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-11-24-0369-R

Kelly S Allen, Gregory A Delulio, Robert Pyne, Jacob Maman, Li Guo, Rebecca Lyon, Eric T Johnson, Robert L Wick, James E Simon, Anne Gershenson, Li-Jun Ma

{"title":"Identification of Novel Basil Downy Mildew Resistance Genes Using De Novo Comparative Transcriptomics.","authors":"Kelly S Allen, Gregory A Delulio, Robert Pyne, Jacob Maman, Li Guo, Rebecca Lyon, Eric T Johnson, Robert L Wick, James E Simon, Anne Gershenson, Li-Jun Ma","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-11-24-0369-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-11-24-0369-R","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) production is threatened by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora belbahrii, causing basil downy mildew (BDM). BDM-resistant cultivar 'Mrihani' (MRI) was identified in a germplasm screen and bred with BDM-susceptible 'Newton' (SB22) to produce resistant cultivars, but the molecular mechanisms conferring resistance in MRI and the progeny remained unknown. A comparative transcriptomic approach was used to identify candidate resistance genes and potential mechanisms for BDM resistance. To differentiate the host-pathogen interactions in resistant and susceptible plants, RNA samples from BDM-infected MRI and SB22 plants were harvested at four time points during the first 3 days of infection, with mock-inoculated controls for both genotypes. Three categories of genes uniquely transcribed in the resistant MRI upon pathogen challenge were identified: nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat proteins (NLRs), multifunctional receptor-like kinases (RLKs), and secondary metabolic enzymes. Validation of the top resistance candidate NLR gene confirmed its unique presence in MRI and two of four resistant MRI × SB22 F2 progeny. In MRI, pathogen challenge also induced differential regulation in members of the salicylic acid synthesis pathway, suggesting its role in BDM resistance. Overall, our study demonstrates the utility of de novo comparative transcriptomics to identify resistance genes and mechanisms in non-model crops.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"757-770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preceding Crop Straw Return Methods Influence the Disease Severity of Wheat Crown Rot. 前茬秸秆还田方式对小麦冠腐病严重程度的影响

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-12-24-0386-R

Fangyuan Zhou, Linfeng Xu, Xiang Liu, Xinhe Liu, Xiaoyu He, Luyao Lin, Xiaoqing Wu, Susu Fan, Xijiu Wang, Xinjian Zhang

{"title":"Preceding Crop Straw Return Methods Influence the Disease Severity of Wheat Crown Rot.","authors":"Fangyuan Zhou, Linfeng Xu, Xiang Liu, Xinhe Liu, Xiaoyu He, Luyao Lin, Xiaoqing Wu, Susu Fan, Xijiu Wang, Xinjian Zhang","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-24-0386-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-24-0386-R","url":null,"abstract":"Straw return has potential benefits for soil fertility, environmental sustainability, and yield. However, its effects on pathogen carryover and disease in subsequent crop cycles remain unclear. Wheat is a crucial food source. This study examined the effects of straw return methods-deep plowing (DP), rotary tillage (RT), and deep loosening (DL)-on wheat crown rot. Trials were conducted in fields with maize straw return, and the wheat crown rot incidence and severity were compared after maize straw return. The wheat root microbial communities were assessed using absolute and relative quantification sequencing techniques (AS and RS), and the relationship between changes in the bacterial community and the abundance of crown rot pathogen Fusarium pseudograminearum was explored. DP reduced the crown rot incidence (22.0) and severity (6.8) in subsequent wheat crops, showing values significantly lower than those under RT (64.0 incidence, 24.0 severity) and DL (49.0 incidence, 18.8 severity). Variations in wheat root fungal diversity and composition were observed among methods and soil depths within the DP regime. The abundance of F. pseudograminearum was significantly lower under DP than under RT and DL (RS: less than 0.1% in DP and more than 0.5% in RT and DL; AS: fewer than 10,000 reads in DP and more than 50,000 in RT and DL). The reduced pathogen abundance may be associated with shifts in bacterial genera due to straw return practices. This study shows the importance of selecting appropriate straw return methods to manage wheat crown rot.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"783-793"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of New Wheat-Rye T1RS.1BL Translocation Lines Originating from Different Chinese Rye Landraces with Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight. 小麦黑麦新品种T1RS的评价。抗赤霉病的中国黑麦不同地方品种的1BL易位系

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0040-R

Zhi Li, Tong Yan, Junshi Fang, Qing Jiang, Qianglan Huang, Tao Yang, Tianheng Ren

{"title":"Evaluation of New Wheat-Rye T1RS.1BL Translocation Lines Originating from Different Chinese Rye Landraces with Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight.","authors":"Zhi Li, Tong Yan, Junshi Fang, Qing Jiang, Qianglan Huang, Tao Yang, Tianheng Ren","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0040-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-01-25-0040-R","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a serious disease that severely decreases the yield and quality of wheat. Planting wheat cultivars with FHB resistance is one of the most effective ways to control FHB epidemics. Introducing chromosome fragments from wheat-related species with FHB resistance into the wheat genome through chromosome translocation is an important way to improve wheat FHB resistance. In this study, 178 new wheat-rye (Secale cereale) T1RS.1BL translocation lines were developed from the crosses of common wheat and three Chinese rye landraces: Weining, Baili, and Aigan. The wheat parents Mianyang11 (MY11) and A42912 were susceptible to FHB, and the percentage of diseased spikelets (PDS) values of MY11 and A42912 were 63.41 and 50.52% at 30 days postinoculation (DPI), respectively. The PDSs of the translocation lines developed from the MY11 × Aigan, MY11 × Baili, MY11 × Weining, A42912 × Baili, and A42912 × Weining crosses ranged from 14.32 to 37.68%, 20.21 to 35.38%, 13.58 to 45.28%, 12.93 to 32.87%, and 20.18 to 31.14% at 30 DPI, respectively. The increasing PDS per day in the translocation lines was lower than those in the wheat parents from 20 to 30 DPI. All the results showed that the 1RS translocations of the three Chinese rye strains effectively improved FHB resistance when introduced into the wheat genome. The FHB-resistant germplasm resources evaluated in this study are important materials for future FHB-resistant wheat breeding.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"831-840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-Activity Peptides Act as Bactericides Against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri In Vitro and Protect Sweet Orange from Infection. 双活性肽对柑橘黄单胞菌的杀菌剂作用。柑桔体外抗感染研究

IF 2.6 2区农林科学

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-12-24-0385-R

Beatriz C P Sanches, Elaine C Martins, Josiane C Darolt, Michele F S Dutra, Talita A Santos, Edson Crusca, Franklin Behlau, Reinaldo Marchetto, Nelson A Wulff

{"title":"Dual-Activity Peptides Act as Bactericides Against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri In Vitro and Protect Sweet Orange from Infection.","authors":"Beatriz C P Sanches, Elaine C Martins, Josiane C Darolt, Michele F S Dutra, Talita A Santos, Edson Crusca, Franklin Behlau, Reinaldo Marchetto, Nelson A Wulff","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-24-0385-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PHYTO-12-24-0385-R","url":null,"abstract":"One of the prominent bacterial diseases impacting orange production and trade is citrus canker, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (X. citri). The management of citrus canker involves deploying copper products as a protective measure to control the development of symptoms, which carries the risk of selecting strains that are resistant to copper. The objective of this report was to evaluate four peptides with potential antibiotic activity against X. citri in vitro and in planta. In growth inhibition assays, the peptides Gr01, Guavanin 2, K-13, and Lin1 had an inhibitory effect on X. citri at concentrations below 12.5 µmol liter-1. Minimal bactericidal effects were observed at peptide concentrations of 100 and 50 µmol liter-1 for Lin1 and Guavanin 2, respectively, and 12.5 µmol liter-1 for Gr01 and K-13. Membrane mimetics coupled with fluorescence spectroscopy assays showed that Guavanin 2, Gr01, and K-13, but not Lin1, act by promoting bacterial membrane lysis. Moreover, the Gr01, K-13, and Lin1 peptides triggered a prolonged induction of genes associated with the activation of the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways, suggesting a dual function of these peptides in promoting a priming effect. The severity of citrus canker in plants treated with Gr01, K-13, and Guavanin 2 was 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 lesions/cm2, respectively. These values were similar to those recorded in plants treated with copper (0.3 lesions/cm2) and significantly lower than the 1.5 lesions/cm2 observed in untreated plants. Gr01 and K-13 peptides are promising dual-activity alternatives in the management of citrus canker.","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":"748-756"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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